第一篇:英语动词时态重点讲解
英语动词时态重点讲解
动词时态
动词主要表示动作,其次表示状态或性质。动作和状态的发生有一定的时间和表现方式。这就是英语动词的时态。英语动词的时态主要由动词的不同形式来表示。
动词时态的本质是什么?
时态是英语动词的一个语法概念,它跟语态、语气一样,都是通过变化动词的形式,从而达到准确表达句子语义之目的。学英语必须学好动词时态,因为时态清楚地说明了这个动词表示的动作所发生的时间(过去或现在)或者形态(进行或完成)。动词如果没有时态的话,那么,人们就无法理解一个句子所表达的准确含义了。
在中学阶段,我们必须掌握最基本的八种时态:一般现在时,现在进行时,现在完成时,一般将来时,一般过去时,过去进行时,过去完成时,过去将来时。此外,其他几种比较常用的时态,我们也应有一个大致的了解和把握。在学习过程中应特别注意以下几点:
1.把握各种时态的特点及动词形式变化,注意易混淆时态之间的差异;
2.准确理解语境意义,捕捉隐含的时间信息;
3.克服惯性思维,排除“假性时间状语”的误导;
4.注意巧变语境,培养发散性思维。
学生:各种动词时态的形式我们基本没什么问题,只是在具体的句子里容易出错。老师:动词时态的使用,主要看时间状语和上下文。每种时态都有相应的时间状语。见到often,usually,sometimes等表示一种频率的或经常发生动作的时间副词,动词一般用一般现在时态;句中有last week,yesterday,in 2000等表示过去的时间副词或短语,多用一般过去时态;句中有tomorrow,next year等表示未来的时间副词或短语,多用将来时态;句中有already,yet,for...,since...等副词或短语,多用完成时态。如果没有明确的时间短语或状语,就得看上下文。看看主句和从句的关系,根据主句可以确定从句的动词形式,根据从句也可以确定主句的动词形式。
学生:就是这些主句、从句把我们搞得晕头转向。又是状语从句,又是宾语从句,都不知该怎么记了。
老师:我们先回忆一下状语从句,状语从句主要有时间、地点、原因、结果、比较、条件等从句。其中时间、条件两种从句,使用时要特殊记:主句是一般将来时态,从句要用一般现在时态。如:(1)I'll phone you back as soon as I get home.(2)You'll fail if you don't work harder.其他一般都遵循“时态一致”的原则。而含宾语从句的句子,主
句是现在时态,从句可以用所需要的任何时态(注:宾语从句讲的是事实或普遍真理,通常用一般现在时态);主句是过去时态,从句也要用相应的过去时态。
学生:那怎样保证使用动词时态少犯错误或不犯错误呢?
老师:除了牢记动词形式、熟悉相关的时间状语和上下文规则外,就是多造句子、多练习。有意识、有计划地练习使用这常用的8种时态。
第二篇:英语动词时态讲解教案
英语动词时态讲解(共5课时)
一:总述:动词的构成(5种)与时态(8种)二:分述:
动词的构成 1.be 动词
1)be动词的几种形式: am is are
was were
being
Been 2)与名词、数词、形容词、介词连用 1)I am a doctor.2)He is ten.3)They are tired.4)The cat is under the table.3)There be 句型
用于不可数名词和可数名词单数之前
There is a pen on the desk.There is some water in the glass.用于复数名词之前 There are some sheep in the hill.用于一般将来时 There is going to be a film in our school next Sunday.用于一般过去时 There was a book on the desk yesterday.注意:请根据时态和句中的名词选择适当形式。4)Be 动词在时态中的运用
在现在进行时中 We are talking.在过去进行时中 We were talking at this time yesterday 2.助动词
1)几种形式
1.do /don’t 2.Does/ doesn’t 3.Did/ didn’t 4.will /won’t
5.have haven’t /has hasn’t/had hadn’t 2)对句子进行否定和疑问
1)Do you get up early every day? 2)I didn’t have lunch yesterday.3)Will you be back soon? 4)He hasn’t finished the work yet.在反意疑问句中
5)He works in a school, doesn’t he? 6)She has never been there,has she? 在倒装句中
7)They helped the farmers , so did we.8)I won’t visit the famous singer,neither will he.3.情态动词共同特点: 情态动词后面跟动词原型,无论否定、疑问、倒装句、或反意疑问句都用情态动词 1 只有时态变化,没有人称变化。解释: can / could 在表示请求允许的时候两者和互换,could比can语气更委婉。
Can I help you?
Could you open the window? 在表示有能力作某事时,could是can的过去式。I can swim.I could swim at the age of five.Must /have to
Must 表示主观意愿,否定句用Mustn’t,否定回答用needn’t
I must go now.You mustn’t play in the street.Must I clean the room now?
No,you needn’t.have to表示客观条件的限制的“不得不”,它有时态和人称变化,需要助动词来否定和疑问。I don’t have to carry the big box.He had to wash his clothes.May
表示请求别人允许。May I use your bike? 表示可能性。
He may be a teacher.He may live in this building.4.系动词
我们所学过的系动词是
1.Get,turn,be come,be动词
2.感观动词look,sound,smell,taste,feel 系动词只和形容词连用,构成系表结构
3.I feel hungry.4.The day gets longer and longer.5.He looked happy.5.实义动词
实义动词指的是有具体行为意思的动词。
实义动词在句中可以做谓语动词和非谓语动词。做谓语动词的用法:
动词会有四种形式:单三,现在分词,过去式,过去分词 注意:掌握四种形式的变化规律 1)He works in the office.2)We are dancing together.3)I caught a cold last week.4)She has watered the flower.做非谓语动词的用法(指出现在谓语动词之后的动词,它受前面谓语动词的限制)动词会有三种形式:
1)原型(do)2)动名词(doing)3)不定式(to do)1)用原型:let sb.do
make sb.do
help sb.(to)do
had better do 2)用动名词:like doing
enjoy doing
finish doing 介词之后用动名词 be good at doing
what about doing
thank you for doing
3)用不定式:want to do
decide to do
plan to do
would like to do learn to do
tell sb.(not)to do
ask sb.(not)to do 注意下列词不同形式的不同用法:
remember doing/to do
forget doing/to do
stop doing/to do
go on doing/to do
动词的时态 一.一般现在时
表示一般情况和经常发生的动作。时间状语为
1.every day 或 every 引导的时间状语
2.often,always,usually 3.动词碰到第三人称单数时,要加 “s” work-> works 辅音字母和“y”结尾的词,如carry-> carries 以s、x、ch、sh结尾的加“es”,如wash-> washes go-> goes
do-> does
have-> has 4.例句:
He goes to school on foot every day.We often have supper at home.She doesn’t do her work every Sunday.二.一般将来时
1.表示将来发生的动作。2.时间状语:
5.next 引导的词组
6.tomorrow 引导的词组 7.the day after tomorrow 3.动词变化:will + 动词原型 4.例句
I will visit you tomorrow.He won’t come back next week.三.一般过去时
1.指过去发生的动作或事情 2.时间状语:
动词变化:动词变成过去式,动词加“ed”
Play-> played 辅音字母和“y”结尾的词,如carry-> carried 重读闭音节的单词,双写最后一个字母,再加ed
stop-> stopped 不规则动词见书后动词表 4.例句
1)He bought a book yesterday.2)I watched a match last week.3)He left here two days ago.四.现在进行时:
1.表示正在发生的动作。
2.时间状语:now /Look… /Listen… 3.由be动词+动词ing构成
4.动词变化加ing
clean-> cleaning 3.1)2)3)4)yesterday 引导的词组 ago 引导的词组 last 引导的词组
the day before yesterday 3 以不发音“e”结尾的,去掉字母“e”,再加ing
make-> making 重读闭音节的单词,双写最后一个字母,再加ing
swim-> swimming 5.例句
1)The boys are playing now.2)Look!They are planting trees.3)Listen!He is singing.五.现在完成时
1.动词变化 动词变成过去分词加ed
Play-> played 辅音字母和“y”结尾的词,如carry-> carried 重读闭音节的单词,双写最后一个字母,再加ed
stop-> stopped 不规则动词见书后动词表
2.动词由have(has)+ 过去分词 构成
表示动作已经完成 He has left.I have already had a rest.表示动作不仅已经完成,还要持续(在这个用法当中,动词要用延续性动词,与for引导的一段时间和since引导的短语连用)He has been away for two days.I have already taught in this school since 1990.The bird has been dead for a month.We have made lots of friends since we came here.六.过去进行时
1.指在过去的某一个时间正在发生的动作。2.时间状语
1)at this time yesterday 2)at five o’clock yesterday afternoon 3.动词由be动词+动词ing形式构成
4.例句:He was watching TV at this time yesterday.七.过去将来时
1.指对过去的某一个时间来讲,将要发生的动作。2.动词由would+动词原型构成。3.例句:
He would go to the park the next day.He said he would work hard next term.八.过去完成时
1.指对过去的某一个时间来讲,已经发生的动作。2.动词由had+过去分词构成。3.例句:
she had borrowed a book before she went to the park.We had learned many new words by the end of last term.教后反思:
第三篇:初中英语动词八种时态讲解
初中英语动词八种时态讲解
1、一般现在时
主要用于下面几情况:
1)描述当前时间内经常出现、反复发生的动作或存在的状态。
在这种情景中,句子常带有表示频率的时间状语:always , everyday , often , once a week(month , year , etc.), sometimes , seldom , usually等等,以表示句中的动作或状态是习惯性的、经常性的。例如:
They raise ducks as a sideline.他们以养鸭为副业。She doesn't often write to her family, only once a month.她不常给家里写信,仅一月一封而已。
I cycle to work every day.我每天骑自行车上班。It seldom rains here.这儿很少下雨。2)仅为了描述状态、性质、特征、能力等等。
这里的目的是为了“描述现阶段的动作或状态”,其重点“不是强调动作发生的时间、或进行的状态”。例如:
He can speak five foreign languages.他能说五种外语。That is a beautiful city.那是座美丽的城市。Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world.长江是世界上最长的河流之一。
She majors in music.她主修音乐。
All my family love football.我全家人都喜欢足球。My sister is always ready to help others.我妹妹总是乐于助人。
3)陈述客观事实、客观真理。
顾名思义,客观的情况是“没有时间概念”的;也“不会在意动作进行的状态”。例如:
The sun rises in the east.日出东方。
The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。Ten minus two is eight.十减二等于八。
Light travels faster than sound.光的速度比声音的速度快。
The United States lies by the west coast of the Pacific Ocean.美国位于太平洋西岸。
4)根据英文语法规定,当主句的谓语动词是一般将来时,那么时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。例如:
I'll tell him the news when he comes back.他回来时,我将告诉他这个消息。
If you take the job, they will talk with you in greater details.如果你接受这份工作,他们将和你谈谈细节。
用于一般现在时的副词,除了上面提到的一些表示频率的以外,常见的还有:now, today , nowadays等等。
2、一般过去时
主要是用来描述在过去某个时候发生的动作或存在的状态。它也可以用来表示在过去某段时间里经常发生的习惯性动作。这一点在表达意义上与一般现在时相同,只是所在的时间区域不同而已。由于它的主要作用如此,所以在使用一般过去时的句子里常常有一个意义较具体的过去时间状语。这也是它与现在完成时的最大区别之一。
一般过去时由谓语动词的过去式表示,也就是说动词词末要加-ed(除不规则动词外)。常和一般过去时连用的过去时间状语有:last night(week , month , year , century , etc.), yesterday , the day before yesterday , yesterday morning(afternoon , evening), in 1999 , two hours ago(one week ago , tree years ago , …)等等。
使用一般过去时,在某种意义上说就是要强调动作或状态发生或存在于过去的某个时候。“过去”的时间概念有两层意思:一是指“现在某个时间”以前的时间;二是指“说话、写文章的那个时间点”以前的时间,在这个意义上,“现在的那个时间点”是很小很小的,甚至于小到无法量化的程度。例如:
He got his driving license last month.他上个月拿到了驾照。
--Where's Jim? 吉姆在哪里?--He just went out.他刚刚出去。
3、一般将来时
主要用来描述将要发生的动作或存在于未来的情况。这里所说的“将来时间”是指“说话、写文章那一刻以后的时间”。它的表示方法主要有如下几种:
1)shall / will + 动词原形这种表示方法是说,动作在现在或目前还未发生,要在将来的某个时间内发生;它没有主观性,是“纯粹的将来动作”。例如:
I shall / will not be free tomorrow.我明天没空。He will arrive here this evening.他今晚抵达这里。2)be(am / is / are)+ going +不定式
这种表示方法主要是说明A)“说话人的意图、打算”;B)“某种可能性”。例如:
A)He is going to spend his holidays in London.他打算在伦敦度假。
Who is going to speak first? 谁先发言? B)It is going to rain soon.马上要下雨了。Is he going to collect any data for us? 他会帮我们收集资料吗?
If you go to New Zealand, you are going to like the place.如果你去新西兰,你会喜欢上那个地方的。
3)be(am / is / are)+ 不定式表示方法描述两钟情况: 按计划安排要发生的动作,这个动作发生的时间一般不会很远; 要求或命令他人做某事。例如:
A)The new bridge is to open to traffic in three days.新桥三天后通车。
The factory is to go into production before National Day.这家工厂国庆节前投产。
B)You are not to bring any mobile communication means into the exam-room.任何移动通讯工具都不得带入考场。
You are to stay home until your mother comes back.你妈回来之前你不要出去。
4)用一般现在时或现在进行时(限于某些动词)表示按计划安排要发生的事。这种表示方法实际上已经在上面“一般现在时之4)”中谈过。主要强调“按计划安排要发生的事”。例如:
Do you get off at the next stop? 你下一站下车吗? The plane takes off at 11:00 a.m.那架飞机上午十一点起飞。
Mr.Reider is leaving for New York next week.里德先生下周动身去纽约。
4、过去将来时
表示过去的某时以后将要发生的动作。但这个“将来”时间绝不会延伸到“现在”;而仅限于“过去时间区域内”。由此可以看出,含这个时态的句子常带一个表示“过去某个时间点”的状语。这个状语或是一个短语,或是一个句子。这个时态常用于: A)宾语从句或间接引语中;B)表示过去习惯性的动作;C)表示过去情况中的“愿望”、“倾向”,多用于否定句。例如:
A)When I thought about it , I wondered what their reaction would be.当我考虑这件事时,我想知道他们的反应是什么。
She told me that she would go on trip to Europe the next day.她告诉我,她第二天要去欧洲旅行。
He didn't expect that we would all be there.他没料到我们会全在那儿。
B)During that period , he would do morning-exercises every day.在那段时间,他每天早锻炼。
Whenever he had time, he would help his mother with some housework.无论他什么时间有空,他总是帮他妈妈干点家务活。
C)No matter how difficult the work was , he would keep on doing it until he accomplished it.不管工作有多难,他总会坚持不懈地把它干完。
They knew that we would never permit such a thing.他们知道我们绝不会允许发生这样的事。
Even after the lecture ended, the audience would not leave.甚至在讲座结束之后,听众仍不肯离去。
5、现在进行时
主要用来描述“说话、写文章的当刻”正在发生的动作,或是“现阶段”一直在进行的动作。它适用于下面的情况:
1)“说话、写文章的当刻”正在发生的动作。例如: They are having a football match.他们正在赛足球。She is writing her term paper.她正在写学期论文。Someone is asking for you on the phone.有人找你听电话。
2)“现阶段”一直在进行的动作。这种情况并不是说某个动作在说话的那会儿正在发生,而是说某个动作在当前一段时间内一直在进行着,或是重复地发生着。例如:
He is preparing for CET Band Six.他在为大学英语六级考试作准备。
How are you getting along with your new job? 你那份新工作干得怎么样?
3)表示说话人的情感,如:赞许、批评;喜欢、厌恶等。这时的动作并不是正在发生或进行,而是表示经常性,相当于“一般现在时”所描述的情况。例如:
He is always thinking of others , not of himself.(表示赞许)他总是为他人着想,而不为自己。
She is often doing well at school.(表示满意)她在学校学习挺不错的。Are you feeling better today?(表示亲切)你今天觉得好一些吗?
One of my roommates is constantly leaving things about.(表示不满)我的一个室友老是乱扔东西。
Some sellers are often knocking at our door and promoting their products to us.(表示不喜欢)有些推销员老是敲我家的门,向我们推销他们的产品。
4)表示在近期按计划或安排要发生的动作,用于这种情况仅限于少量的动词,如:go , come , leave ,arrive , see , have , lunch(吃午饭), return, dine(进餐,尤指晚餐), work , sleep , stay , play , do , wear(穿,戴)等。例如:
I'm dinning out with my friends this evening.今晚我将和朋友在外面吃饭。
An American professor is giving a lecture this afternoon.今天下午一位美国教授要来作报告。
We are having a holiday next Wednesday.下周三我们放假。
Are you staying here till next week? 你要在这儿呆到下星期吗?
6、过去进行时
主要表示在过去的某个时间点上正在发生、进行的动作。由于它的定义是表示在过去的某个时间点上正在发生、进行的动作,所以,句子常带有一个表示“过去某个时间点”的状语。这个状语可能是短语,词组,或是一个从句。也可能是通过上下文来表达这层意思。过去进行时主要用于下面的情景中: 1)表示在过去某时刻正在进行的动作,例如:
At this moment yesterday, I was packing for camp.昨天这个时候,我正在收拾东西去露营。
When I came to see her last time, she was writing an article.上次我来看她的时候,她正在写一篇文章。
What were you doing at eight last night ? 昨晚八点钟你在做什么?
2)用于故事的开头,交代故事发生的背景情况。
过去进行时所描述的动作是“正在进行”,所以,在这种情景中用“过去进行时”可以给读者一种“动感”,从而能使文章更加生动活泼。例如:
One night, he was typing in his study.Suddenly , a man broke into his house and cut off the electricity ….一天晚上,他正在书房里打字。突然,一个人闯进屋来,切断了电源……
3)(仅限少数动词)表示在过去的未来时间要发生的动作。例如:
When National Day was coming near , they began to make a plan for the holiday.国庆节即将来临的时候,他们开始制订度假计划。She told me that she was going to Hainan for her holiday.她告诉我她将去海南度假。
My friend said to me that he was lunching with one of his customers that day.我朋友对我说,他今天要与他的一位客户一块儿吃午饭。
We left there when it's getting dark.天快黑的时候,我们离开了那儿。
7、将来进行时
主要表示:A)在将来某时候正在进行的动作;B)预计、安排即将发生或势必发生的动作。例如:
A)在将来某时候正在进行的动作:
You can have a meeting in my office on Friday.I won't be using it.星期五你可以在我的办公室开会。那会儿我不用它。
What will you be doing tomorrow morning? 明天上午你做什么?
It won't be long before that we will be making a new computer for more advanced calculation.不久我们就要造一部新计算器进行更高级的运算。
I can't go to the party tonight.I'll be seeing off a friend.今晚我不能参加聚会了。我要给一位朋友送行。
B)预计、安排即将发生或势必发生的动作: 在这里,将来进行时与一般将来时很接近,但是前者强调动作“按计划、安排要发生;间或也表示委婉、客气”,而后者只表示“动作会在未来时间发生”。
We shall be meeting at the school gate.我们在校门口见面。
What shall we be doing next ? 我们干什么? If you don't do so , you will be facing great difficulties.你如果不这样做就会面临很大的困难。
Shall I be interrupting you if I stay here for a while? 要是我在这儿呆一会儿,会干扰你们吗?
8、现在完成时
对于初接触现在完成时的人来说,往往会产生一种茫然,因为它似乎与一般过去时相似。那就是,这两种时态描述的动作都始于过去。其实不然,现在完成时主要表示,发生在过去的动作延续到现在刚刚完成、或许还要延续;侧重于这个动作对现在带来的结果、产生的影响、积累的总和等等。而一般过去时则只不过是表示动作发生在过去的什么时候。弄清了这一区别,就很容易理解现在完成时了。它主要适用于下面的几种情况: 1)表示截止现在业已完成的动作
By now, I have collected all the data that I need.到现在为止,我已收集到了我所需的全部资料。
She has read 150 pages today.她今天已看了150页。We haven't met for many years.我们已多年没见了。They have developed a new product.他们研制成功了一种新产品。
2)表示发生在过去而对现在产生影响、带来结果的动作
Have you had your dinner? 你吃晚饭了吗?
She has been to the United States.她已去美国了。You have grown much taller.你长高了许多。3)表示过去发生的动作持续到现在,并可能还要延续
It has been five years since he joined the army.他参军五年了。
They have learned English for eight years.他们已学了八年的英语了。
So far we've only discussed the first five chapters.至今我们还只讨论了前五章。几点注意
1)一个句子应该用什么时态只能取决于它需要表达的意思,以及它所处的语言环境。例如:
He speaks English.(一般现在时,说明动作发生的经常性。)
He spoke English when he was in New Zealand.(一般过去时,说明动作发生的时间。)
He is speaking English.(现在进行时,说明动作正在进行。)
He has spoken English for three years since he came to the USA.(现在完成时,这里说明动作的总和。)
He has been speaking English since he came to the USA.(现在完成进行时,强调动作的连续性。)
2)在含有时间状语从句或条件状语从句的主从复合句中,如果主句的谓语动词是一般将来时,那么从句的谓语动词就只能用一般现在时来表示将来时;如果主句的谓语动词是过去将来时,那么从句的谓语动词就只能用一般过去时来表示过去将来时。
例如:I will not play tennis if it rains tomorrow.I would not play tennis if it rained the next day.3)有些动词表示无法持续的动作,它们一般不宜用于进行时态中。这类动词常见的有:be , believe , consist , find , forget , hate , have , hope , hear , know , like , love , notice , prefer , remember , see , seem , smell , suggest , taste , understand , want , wish , sit down , stand up 等等。
Be动词若是用于进行时态,可表示暂时、短暂的情况或表现。例如:
Tom is being a good boy today.汤姆今天很乖。He is being childish.他这样做是耍孩子气。You are not being modest.你这样说不太谦虚。4)关于现在完成时的时间状语问题.A.凡是“完成时态”都表示,不知道也不管动作发生的具体时间, 所以在使用现在完成时的句子里,不可以带有表示具体过去时间的状语,如:yesterday , last week(month , year , etc.), two weeks ago , in 1999等;但常和有些副词连用,如: just , before , already , often , never , ever , not…yet , always等等。
B.在以when提问的特殊疑问中不能用现在完成时。另外,ago不能用于现在完成时的句子里,因为它表示从现在算起的以前某个时间,属于表示具体过去时间的状语。但是可以用before 来表示“以前”的意义,因为它只表示“以前”,而不知什么时候的以前。
C.如果是不表示连续性的动词用于现在完成时的句子,不可以和以for表示的“一段时间”的状语连用。在这种情况下,应该用“It has been … ;since…”的句式来表达。如:
He has joined the army for five years.(错误)It has been five years since he joined the army.(正确)
★哈佛大学★英语系研究,美国布什推荐。专为中
第四篇:英语语法—动词时态(推荐)
动词时态
英语语法中的时态(tense)是一种动词形式,不同的时态用以表示不同的时间与方式。动词时态是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。因此,当我们说时态结构的时候,指的是相应时态下的动词形式。
所谓“时”就是行为发生的时段或状态存在的时段,即:“现在、进行、过去、将来”四种;所谓“态”就是行为或状态发生时所呈现的状态,有一般状态、进行状态、完成状态和完成进行状态四种。由时态结合,便形成下列十六种时态: 一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,一般过去将来时; 现在进行时,过去进行时,将来进行时,过去将来进行时; 现在完成时,过去完成时,将来完成时,过去将来完成时;
现在完成进行时,过去完成进行时,将来完成进行时,过去将来完成进行时. 一般现在时
1.概念:表示经常发生的情况、有规律出现的情况、总是发生的事和事实真理。2.时间状语:Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week(day, year, month„),once a week(day, year, month„),on Sundays(on Mondays „).3.基本结构:主语 + do/does +其他;(如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要改为第三人称单数形式)。
4.否定形式:主语 + am/is/are + not + 其他(此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词)。5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首;用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。6.例句:(1)It seldom snows here.这里很少下雪。
(2)He is always ready to help others.他总是乐于帮助别人。(3)Action speaks louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。一般过去时
1.概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
2.时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month„),in 1989,just now, at the age of 5,one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.3.基本结构:主语 + 动词的过去式或be的过去式+名词。
4.否定形式:主语 + was/were + not + 其他(在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词)。5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词。6.例句:(1)She often came to help us in those days.那些天她经常来帮助我们。(2)I didn't know you were so busy.我不知道你是这么忙。一般将来时
1.概念:表示将要发生的动作、打算、计划或准备做某事。
2.标志:Tomorrow, soon, in a few minutes,,the day after tomorrow, etc.3.基本结构:(1)主语 + am/is/are + going to + do sth(2)主语 + will/shall + do + do sth 4.否定句:在系动词is/am/are或情态动词will/shall后加not 5.一般疑问句:be放于句首;will/shall提到句首。{首字母大写} 6.例句:They are going to have a competition with us in studies.他们将有一场比赛和我们一起研究。
It is going to rain.天要下雨了。一般过去将来时
1.概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。2.时间状语:The next day(morning , year„),the following month(week„),etc.3.基本结构:主语 + was/were + going to + do + 其它;主语 + would/should + do +其它 4.否定形式:主语 + was/were + not + going to + do;主语 + would/should + not + do.5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;would/should 提到句首。6.例句:(1)He said he would go to Beijing the next day.他说他第二天要去北京。(2)I asked who was going there.我问,谁要去那里。现在进行时
1.概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。2.时间状语:Now, at this time, days, etc.look, listen 3.基本结构:主语+ be + doing + 其它
4.否定形式:主语 + be + not +doing + 其它 5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。
6.例句:How are you feeling today? 你今天感觉如何? He is doing well in his lessons.在课上他表现得很好。过去进行时
1.概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
2.时间状语:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
3.基本结构主语+was/were +doing +其它
4.否定形式:主语+was/were + not +doing+其它 5.一般疑问句:把was或were放于句首。(第一个字母大写)
6.例句:At that time she was working in a PLA unit.那段时间她在人民解放军部队工作。When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.他进来时,我正在读报纸。将来进行时
1.概念:表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作,或表示要在将来某一时间开始,并继续下去的动作。常用来表示询问、请求等。
2.时间状语:Soon, tomorrow, this evening,on Sunday, by this time,in two days, tomorrow evening 3.基本结构:主语 + shall/will + be + 现在分词 + 其它
4.否定形式:主语 + shall/will + not + be + 现在分词 + 其它
5.例句:This time next day they will be sitting in the cinema.下一天的这个时间,他们正坐在电影院。
He won’t be coming to the party.他不去参加聚会了。过去将来进行时 1.概念:表示就过去某一时间而言,将来某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作,主要用于宾语从句中,尤其多用于间接引语中。2.基本结构:should/would + be + 现在分词
3.例句:They said they would be coming.他们说了他们将要来。
He said he could not come because he would be having a meeting.他说他不能来因为要开会。现在完成时
1.概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。2.时间状语:yet, already ,just, never, ever, so far, by now, since + 时间点,for + 时间段,recently, lately, in the past few years, etc.3.基本结构:主语 + have/has + p.p(过去分词)+ 其它
4.否定形式:主语 + have/has + not + p.p(过去分词)+ 其它 5.一般疑问句:have或has放句首。
6.例句:I've written an article.我已经写了一篇论文。
The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years.在过去的几年,农村发生了巨大的变化。过去完成时
1.概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。
2.时间状语:Before, by the end of last year(term, month„),etc.3.基本结构:主语 + had + p.p(过去分词)+ 其它
4.否定形式:主语 + had + not +p.p(过去分词)+ 其它 5.一般疑问句:had放于句首。
6.例句:As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.当我们到车站的时候,火车已经开走了。
By the end of last month, we had reviewed four books.到上个月底,我们已经复习了四本书。基本结构:主语 + had + p.p(过去分词)+ 其它 ①肯定句:主语 + had + p.p(过去分词)+ 其它
②否定句:主语 + had + not + p.p(过去分词)+ 其它 ③一般疑问句:Had +主语 + p.p(过去分词)+其它 ④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句 将来完成时
1.概念:在将来某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态。
2.时间状语:by the time of;by the end of + 时间短语(将来);by the time + 从句(将来)3.基本结构:主语 + be going to/will/shall + have + p.p(过去分词)+ 其它 4例句:By the time you get back, great changes will have taken place in this area.到你回来的时候,就将发生巨大的变化。过去将来完成时
1.概念:表示在过去某一时间对将来某一时刻以前所会发生的动作,常用在虚拟语气中,表示与过去的事实相反。
2.基本结构:should/would have done sth.3.例句:I thought you'd have left by this time.我想这会儿你已经走了。
He told them he would have finished it by 8 o'clock.他告诉他们他会在8点以前干完。现在完成进行时
1.概念:表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作。这一动作可能刚刚开始,也可能仍在继续,并可能延续到将来。
2.基本结构:主语 + have/has + been + doing + 其它 3.时间状语:since + 时间点,for + 时间段等。
4.例子:I have been sitting here for an hour.我已经在这里坐了一个小时。
The children have been watching TV since six o'clock.从6点起,孩子们一直看电视。过去完成进行时
1.概念:表示某个正在进行的动作或状态,持续到过去某个时刻,还未完成,一直持续到之后的当前才结束。
2.基本结构:主语 + had + been + doing + 其它
3.例子:She had been suffering from a bad cold when she took the exam.她在考试之前一直患重感冒。
Had they been expecting the news for some time? 他们期待这个消息有一段时间了吧? 4.特殊含义:①尚未完成:He had been writing the novel.他已经在写小说了。(他没写完)②企图:He had been studying the meaning of this proverb.他曾经学习过这个谚语。(他曾努力学习过它)③未得结果:We had been studying what our enemy had said.我们一直致力于敌人所说的。(但是我们没有理解)
④最近情况:He had been quarrelling with his wife.他和他的妻子吵了一场架。(最近)⑤反复动作:He had been asking me the same question.他一直问我相同的问题。(屡次)⑥情绪:What had he been doing?他做了什么 将来完成进行时
1.概念:表示动作从某一时间开始一直延续到将来某一时间。是否继续下去,要视上下文而定。
2.基本结构:shall/will have been doing 3.例子:I shall have been working here in this factory for twenty years by the end of the year.到今年年底,我将在这个工厂工作20年了。
If we don't hurry up the store will have been closing before we get there.咱们如不快一点儿,等我们到了那儿,店门就会关了。过去将来完成进行时
1.概念:表示从过去某时看至未来某时以前会一直在进行的动作。2.基本结构:should/would + have + been +现在分词
3.例子:He told me that by the end of the year he would have been living there for thirty years.他告诉我,到年底时,他就在那住了30年了。
第五篇:2014年中考英语动词的时态
2014年中考英语动词的时态
【2014铜仁】—Where is Mr.Zhao?
—He ______ to Mount Fanjing.He’ll come back ______ a week.A.has been;inB.has gone;after
C.has gone;inD.has been;after
【答案】A
【2014河北】I’m busy now.I ______ to you after school this afternoon.A.talkB.talkedC.will talkD.have talked
【答案】C
【2014黄冈】—I suppose you are at least 60 years old.—Thank you.I’m glad you ______ that.My real age is 362.A.sayB.saidC.are sayingD.were saying
【答案】B
【2014连云港】Beijing and Zhangjiakouapplying to host the 2022 Winter OlympicGames in 2013.A.beginB.beganC.have begunD.had begun
【答案】B
【2014长沙】—Your brother is an excellent basketball player.—So he is.He to play basketball three years ago.A.has startedB.startsC.started
【答案】C
【2014长沙】Little Tom computer games when his mother got home.A.is playingB.playsC.was playing
【答案】C
【2014河北】44.I saw Ken in the meeting room, he ______ Joe for the school magazine.A.interviewsB.interviewed
C.has interviewedD.was interviewing
【答案】D
【2014河北】42.Monica, you ______ the exam!Congratulation!
A.passB.have passedC.will passD.are passing
【答案】B
【2014河北】Someone ______ at the door.Can you open it?
A.knocksB.knockedC.is knockingD.was knocking
【答案】C
【2014达州】—Have you ever _______ an amusement park?
—Yes, I have.I ______ Fun Times Amusement Park last year.A.been to, have gone toB.gone to, have been t o
C.go to, went toD.been to, went to
【答案】DX kB1.cOM
【2014河南】24.—Are you going anywhere?
—I _______ about visiting my sister, but I have changed my mind.A.thinkB.have thoughtC.will thinkD.thought
【答案】D
【解析】 考查时态的用法。本题句意为:你要去一些地方吗?我„„看望我姐姐,但我改变了主意。根据答语后半句“I have changed my mind”及逻辑推理可知,我原本考虑 去看望我姐姐,但后来由改变了主意,所以答语前半句表示的是过去考虑好的事情,故应是一般过去时态。故选D项。
【2014河南】33.—Does the bus go to the beach?
—No.You _______ the wrong way.You want the Number 11.A.goB.were goingC.are goingD.would go
【答案】C
【解析】 考查时态的用法。本题句意为:公交车去沙滩吗?不去。你„„错路了。你想乘11路车。根据句意及答语后句中的“want the Number 11”可推知,问路人还没有乘坐公交车,所以此处应用一般将来时态表达。故选C项。
【2014陕西】On May 22, a Han taxi driver _______ an old lady to the hospital as soon as hecould in Xinjiang.A.sentB.sendsC.is sendingD.has sent
【答案】A
【2014黔西南州】I _______ my hometown for a long time.I really miss it.A.leftB.went away fromC.have leftD.have been away from
【答案】D
【2014北京】—What do you often do at weekends?
—I often _______ my grandparents.A.visitB.visitedC.have visitedD.will visit
【答案】A
【2014北京】—What were you doing when we were playing basketball yesterday afternoon?I ______ the classroom.A.was cleaning B.have cleaned C.will clean D.clean
【答案】A
【2014北京】He _____ in this factory for 20 years already.A.will workB.worksC.has workedD.is working
【答案】C
【2014南京】—Lily, why are you still here?School is over for half an hour.—Because I ______ my task yet.I still need one more hour.A.won’t finishB.didn’t finishC.haven’t finishedD.hadn’t finished
【答案】C
【2014鄂州】— A new shop _______ for a week nearby.Let’s have a look there.— Good idea.But it doesn’t ______ on Mondays.A.opened;openedB.has been opened;open
C.has opened;openedD.has been open;open
【答案】D
【2014扬州】—Has your friend completed his design?
—Not yet.He _______ on it last night.A.workedB.has workedC.is workingD.was working
【答案】D
【2014扬州】—Where is Mr.Wang?
—He together with his students _______ Zhuyuwan Park.A.has gone toB.have gone toC.has been toD.have been to
【答案】A
【2014扬州】—When will A Bite of China II begin tonight?
—It _______ for ten minutes.A.will beginB.has begunC.will be onD.has been on
【答案】D
【2014湖北咸宁】—Do you know Diaoyu Island?
—Sure.It ______ China since ancient times.A.belongs toB.belonged to
C.has belonged toD.is belonging to
【答案】C
【2014重庆市A】—Where is your father?
—He ______ the World Cup in the living room.A.is watchingB.watchesC.watchedD.will watch
【答案】A
【2014重庆市A】In Chongqing, you can often see many pe ople dance outside together if it______ in the evening.A.rainsB.doesn’t rainC.will rainD.won’t rain
【答案】B
【2014安徽】Mr.Wang has left for Guangzhou.He ______ a speech there in two days.A.givesB.gaveC.will giveD.has given
【答案】C
【2014安徽】As we all know, the Silk Ro ad ______ China to the west in ancient times.A.connectsB.connectedC.will connect D.is connecting
【答案】B
【2014重庆市B】—Where is Linda? I can’t find her anywhere.—She ______ the flowers in the garden.A.watersB.is wateringC.wateredD.has watere d
【答案】B
【2014杭州】After Steven sent some e-mails, he ______ surfing the Internet.A.startsB.has startedC.will startD.started
【答案】D
【2014天津】Robots _____more heavy work for us in the future.A.will doB.didC.have doneD.were doing
【答案】A
【2014天津】—____ you ever_____ the new Minyuan Stadium?
—No, I haven’t.A.Do;visitB.Have;visitedC.Did;visitD.Are;visiting
【答案】B
【2014广州】Be quiet!The st udents ______ aphysics test in the next room.A.hadB.have hadC.were havingD.are having
【答案】D
【2014宜宾】Look!The police ______ the food onto the bank of the river.A.am carryingB.is carryingC.are carryingD.are carried
【答案】C
【2014呼和浩特】My husband always ______ me flowers every week before we got married, butnow he never _______.A.sends;doesB.sent;doesC.was going to send;doD.sent;do
【答案】B
【2014南昌】—You’re in a hurry.Where are you going?
—To the cinema.Sue _______ for me outside.A.waitsB.waitedC.is waitingD.was waiting
【答案】C
【2014南昌】—Mr.Li will che ck our homework this afternoon.______ you ______ it? —Not yet.I'm doing it right now.A.Do;finishB.Had;finishedC.Will;finishD.Have;finished
【答案】D
【2014苏州】—Do you think grandpa and grandma _______ late?
—No, the train is usually on time.A.wereB.will beC.wasD.have been
【答 案】B
【2014甘肃白银】I want to know if an English Singing Competition ______ next month.A.will holdB.will be heldC.holdsD.is held
【答案】B
【2014甘肃白银】The zoo keeper is worried because the number of visitors _______ sm aller and smaller.A.becomeB.are becomingC.is becomingD.have become
【答案】C
【2014甘肃白银】She ______ for ten years and now she has a lovely daughter.A.marriedB.has been marriedC.got marriedD.has got married
【答案】B
【2014甘肃白银】It only _______ me half an hour _______ to school every day last term.A.takes;ridingB.spent;to rideC.cost;walkD.took;to walk
【答案】D
【2014宁波】—Are you surprised at the ending of the movie?
—No, because I _______ the story.A.readB.will readC.have readD.was reading
【答案】C
【2014临沂】Turn off the water while you _______ your teeth or washing your hands.A.were brushingB.brushC.are brushingD.brushed
【答案】C
【2014湖州】—The Amazing Spider Man 2 is on these days.It’s fantastic.—Really? But I _______ it yet.A.didn’t seeB.won’t s eeC.haven’t seeD.is not seeing
【答案】C
【2014温州】Alice likes doing housework.She _______ her room every afternoon.A.cleansB.cleanedC.will cleanD.has cleaned
【答案】A
【2014嘉兴】Tom _______ the piano every day when he was in primary school.A.playsB.playedC.was playingD.has played
【答案】B
【2014丽水】Hurry up!The sky is covered with black clouds.I’m afraid it _______.A.rainsB.is going to rainC.rainedD.was raining
【答案】B
【2014绍兴】—So you have watched the action movie, haven’t you?
—Yes.I _______ it with my parents in Lu Xun Theater.A.watchB.watchedC.w ill watchD.am watching
【答案】B
【2014台州】—Have you ever been to the Great Wall?
—Not yet.I _______ it this year.A.visitedB.have visitedC.was visitingD.will visit
【答案】D
【2014泰安】—Can you find our city _______ a lot in recent years?
—Yes.The road is wider and the buildings are taller.A.has changedB.changesC.changedD.will change
【答案】A
【2014威海】—When will Diana arrive?
—Oh, she _______.She is in the meeting room now.A.arrivesB.is arrivingC.arrivedD.has arrived
【答案】D
【2014滨州】—Jim isn’t in the classroom.Where is he now?
—He _______ the library.A.will go toB.has been toC.has gone toD.goes to
【答案】C
【2014菏泽】—Have you finished your homework yet?
—Yes.I _______ it twenty minutes ago.A.have studiedB.studiedC.will studyD.had studied
【答案】B
【2014菏泽】Look, so many people are running out of the station.I wonder what _______.A.is happenedB.was happeningC.is happeningD.had happened
【答案】C
【2014聊城】—May I speak to Ann?
—Sorry, she isn’t in.She _______ France.A.has gone toB.has been toC.was going toD.goes to
【答案】A
【2014潍坊】—Are Betty and Lingling still living in B eijing?
—No, they _______ to Qingdao.A.will moveB.are movedC.have just movedD.move
【答案】C