2012届高考英语复习 名词性从句精讲精练学案 新人教版

第一篇：2012届高考英语复习 名词性从句精讲精练学案 新人教版

名词性从句

名词性从句的几个难点 that通常不可省略的三种情况(1)引导主语从句，that置于句首时。

That he failed in the exam made his parents disappointed.他考试不及格让父母很失望。

(2)当一个句子有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时，引导第二和以后几个从句的that不可省略。

I wished(that)we could go sighting in Hangzhou this summer and that we could buy some books on our way back in Shanghai.我希望今年夏天我们能去杭州旅游，并在返程时在上海买些书回来。(3)由it作形式宾语时，that引导的宾语从句中，that也不可省略。He has made it clear that he wouldn’t agree to the plan.他已清楚表明不同意这项计划。what和that在名词性从句中的区别

(1)what在名词性从句中可充当主语、宾语和表语，意义上相当于the thing(s)that，引导主语从句时，其谓语动词的单复数由表语的单复数而定；what引导的从句可作介词的宾语从句。

What he wants are those books.他需要的是那些书。What he wants is some water.他需要的是一些水。

A modern city has been set up in what was a wasteland ten years ago.一个现代化的城市已经在10年前还是一块废地的地方建造起来了。

(2)that不充当任何句子成分，只起连接作用，无任何意义；引导主语从句时，常用it作形式主语，谓语动词用单数；引导宾语从句时，常被省略；that从句一般不充当介词宾语，偶尔可作except，in的宾语。

That she will refuse the offer seems unlikely.(＝It seems unlikely that she will refuse the offer.)她不可能拒绝那个建议。

I have found(that)all the tickets have been sold out.用心

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我发现所有的票已售完。

He is a good student except that he is a little bit careless.除了有点粗心之外，他是一个好学生。whether与if的用法比较

(1)二者均可作“是否”讲，都可以引导名词性从句，引导宾语从句可以互换。I don’t know whether/if he’ll attend the meeting.我不知道他是否会出席会议。

(2)在下列情况下，常用whether，不用if。①whether引导从句可以放于句首。

Whether he comes or not makes no difference.他来不来都一样。

②whether可引导表语从句和同位语从句，if不可。

The question whether he should join the team has not been decided upon.他是否入队的问题还没决定。

The question is whether it is worth trying.问题是这是否值得一试。

③whether可以作介词宾语，if则不可。

I haven’t settled the question of whether I’ll lend him the money.关于是否借给他钱的问题，我还没最后决定。④whether后可以加不定式，if不可。

He didn’t know whether to get married or to wait.他不知道是该结婚还是该等待。

⑤可以说whether...or引导让步状语从句，“无论，不论”，if则不可。Whether it rains or snows，I don’t care.无论下雨还是下雪，我都不在乎。that引导的定语从句和同位语从句的区别

(1)that 作为关系代词引导定语从句，在从句中可作主语、宾语和表语，作宾语时常可省略；that引导同位语从句时，起连词作用，无实义，也不作句子的任何成分，一般不能省略。The news(that)he told me surprised me.(定语从句)他告诉我的消息让我很吃惊。

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The news that he gave in surprised me.(同位语从句)他投降的消息让我很吃惊。

(2)能跟同位语从句的通常是抽象名词，常见的有belief(信念)，fact(事实)，idea(想法)，hope(希望)，doubt(怀疑)，news(新闻)，problem(问题)，order(命令)，decision(决定)，discovery(发现)，information(信息)，knowledge(知识)，opinion(观点)，truth(事实)，report(报道)，thought(想法)等，同位语从句用于说明这些名词的具体内容。而跟定语从句的名词则范围广泛。

The fact that the transport of the goods cost too much was not discussed.运费太高这一事实没有被讨论。

We have strong belief that we will win the war.我们对能赢得这场战争抱有坚定的信心。

We have some doubt whether they can come on time.我们怀疑他们是否能准时来。

1．(2009年江西卷)The fact has worried many scientists________the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.A．what

B．which C．that D．though 【解析】 本题考查同位语从句。句意为：近年来全球气候不断变暖，这一事实使得很多科学家感到担忧。该题同位语从句结构完整，故选连词that。【答案】 C 2．(2009年北京卷)At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see________it got any better.A．when C．why

B．how D．if 【解析】 句意为：一开始他不喜欢这份新工作，但还是决定给自己几个月的时间来看一看是否情况会有好转。此题考查宾语从句。从句中不缺少时间、地点、原因，排除A、B、C三项。D项表示“是否”，符合题意。【答案】 D 3．(2009年天津卷)It is obvious to the students________they should get well prepared for their future.用心

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A．as

B．which

D．that C．whether 【解析】 句意为：显然，学生们应该为他们的未来做好充分的准备。that引导主语从句，在从句中不作句子成分，it是形式主语。as引导定语从句或状语从句；which引导名词性从句时，意为：哪个(些)；whether是否，在此句中如用此词，则语义矛盾。【答案】 D 4．(2009江苏卷)Many young people in the West are expected to leave________could be life’s most important decision—marriage—almost entirely up to luck.A．as B．that D．what C．which

【解析】 分析句子结构，leave需要一个宾语；could be需要一个主语，所以要选一个能引导宾语从句且能在句子中作主语的词，只有what能满足要求。【答案】 D 5．(2009年全国卷Ⅰ)Could I speak to________is in charge of International Sales，please? A．anyone C．whoever B．someone D．no matter who 【解析】 句意为“我可以同负责管理国际销售部的人谈一谈吗？”句中to为介词，其后是名词性从句，而从句中缺少主语和关联词，故选C。no matter who引导状语从句。【答案】 C 6．(2009年浙江卷)—Is there any possibility________you could pick me up at the airport? —No problem.A．when B．that

D．what C．whether 【解析】 句意为：——你到机场来接我行吗？——没问题。that引导同位语从句，说明possibility的内容。【答案】 B 7．(2009年重庆卷)We should consider the students’request________the school library provide more books on popular science.用心

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A．that B．when D．where C．which

【解析】 句意为：我们应当考虑学生们的要求，即学校图书馆应该多提供关于大众科学方面的书籍。此题考查名词性从句。名词request后的同位语从句句子结构完整，不缺任何成分，故用that引导。【答案】 A 8．(2009年四川卷)News came from the school office________Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.A．which C．that B．what D．where 【解析】 句意为：学校办公室传出了王琳已经被北京大学录取的消息。这是一道考查同位语从句的题目，news是同位语从句的先行词。【答案】 C 9．(2009年安徽卷)A good friend of mine from________I was born showed up at my home right before I left for Beijing.A．how B．whom D．which C．when

【解析】 句意为：在我正要动身去北京前，我幼时的一个好朋友来我家里了。从句意分析，选择when表示从我出生时就是我的一个好朋友。【答案】 C 10．(2009年江苏卷)Many young people in the West are expected to leave________could be life’s most important decision—marriage—almost entirely up to luck.A．as B．that D．what C．which

【解析】 分析句子结构，leave需要一个宾语；could be需要一个主语，所以要选一个能引导宾语从句且能在句子中作主语的词，只有what能满足要求。【答案】 D 1．(2010届江西高安中学月考)The information will be helpful to________will take over the job.A．those B．who

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C．whoever

D．anyone 【解析】 考查名词性从句。句意为：无论谁接管这份工作，这一信息都将对他有帮助。“whoever will take over the job”是介词to的宾语，whoever在从句中作主语。如果选择A、D两项，需要在后面加上who。【答案】 C 2．(2010届贵阳部分学校联考)The painting is so valuable that it is difficult to calculate________its price would be.A．that B．which C．what D．/ 【解析】 考查名词性从句。这里用what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作表语。这画太名贵了，很难估量其价格。【答案】 C 3．(2010届郑州一中月考)________you don’t like him is none of my business.A．What C．That B．If D．Whether 【解析】 考查名词性从句。that引导主语从句，在从句中不作成分；what引导主语从句时充当句中成分；if不能引导主语从句；whether引导的主语从句应是肯定句。由语意可知C项正确。【答案】 C 4．(2010届济南统考)The media today can draw public attention to________help is actually needed.A．that C．where B．which D．whose 【解析】 本题考查宾语从句的引导词，结合题干，where引导宾语从句并且在宾语从句中作地点状语。【答案】 C 5．(2010届临川一中期中测试)________medicine works in a human body is a question________not everyone can understand fully.A．How；that C．What；which B．That；which

D．What；that

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【解析】 how在句中引导主语从句；that引导定语从句，修饰限定question。句意为：药物是如何作用于人体的，这个问题并不是每个人都能完全理解的。【答案】 A 6．(2010年郑州一模)—I think it’s going to be an argument.—Yes，it could be.—I wonder________we can do about it.A．what B．how D．whether C．when

【解析】 考查名词性从句。what引导的名词性从句作wonder的宾语，且what作从句中谓语动词do的宾语。其他选项没有这个功能。【答案】 A 7．(2010年海淀一模)Sorry I’m so late，but you cannot imagine________great trouble I took to find your house.A．what C．which B．how D．why 【解析】 考查宾语从句。take great trouble to do something表示“不辞辛劳地做某事”。在此，what引导的宾语从句同时是一个感叹句，what修饰名词trouble。而how在感叹句中修饰形容词、副词或动词。【答案】 A 8．(2010年成都第一次诊断)Professor Backman took up scientific research for decades，and this is________he devoted all his life to.A．which C．where B．what D．how 【解析】 考查名词性从句。what引导表语从句且在从句中作介词to的宾语，表示“什么”。【答案】 B 9．(2010年上海春招)Tina was hesitating about the job offer as she did not know________the company was an established one.A．whether C．Until

B．what D．although 【解析】 考查名词性从句。句意为：Tina对所提供的工作正在犹豫中，因为她不知道这

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家公司是不是一家地位稳固的公司。此处whether引导宾语从句，作know的宾语。【答案】 A 10．(2010年潍坊检测)It could be judged from her eyes________she was very satisfied with her performance.A．what C．that B．which

D．where 【解析】 考查名词性从句。句意为：她对她的表现很满意，这可以从她的眼睛里判断出来。It是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语。【答案】 C 11．(2009年石家庄质量检测一)The problem is________we can improve our reading skills in such a short time.A．when C．how B．where D．that 【解析】 根据句意可知此处用how引导表语从句。【答案】 C 12．(2010年长春市第一次调研)________you have picked up，you must give it back to________it belongs to.A．Whatever；whoever B．What；no matter who C．No matter what；no matter who D．Whatever；no matter who 【解析】 考查让步状语从句与名词性从句。从句子的结构和语意可以看出前一部分是让步状语从句，可以使用no matter what或whatever来引导；to是介词，后面接的是宾语从句，因此引导词只能使用whoever，而不能使用no matter who。【答案】 A 13．(2010年西安检测)After working on the maths problem for hours，he found________he thought was the key to it.A．what C．where B．that D．which 【解析】 考查名词性从句。what引导的名词性从句作found的宾语从句的主语，而且what

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在名词性从句中作thought的宾语。其他选项不符合语法。【答案】 A 14．(2009年皖南八校二模)—I will give you happily________you ask for only if I have.—I like you indeed.A．whichever

B．whatever D．no matter which C．no matter what 【解析】 whatever引导名词性从句且作for的宾语。句意为“无论你要什么，我都会高兴地给你，只要我有”。【答案】 B 15．(2009年合肥三模)It was not what he said but________he said it that hurt my feelings.A．that C．how B．what D．whether 【解析】 考查名词性从句。这是一个强调句，强调的是主语，he said it基本句意完整，所以用表示方式的how来引导。【答案】 C

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第二篇：高考英语一轮复习1名词性从句教学案

专题11 名词性从句

考纲展示 命题探究

考点一 主语从句

基础点

主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通过放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。

主语从句的连接词

在句中起主语作用的从句称为主语从句。连接主语从句的连接词主要有三类：从属连词、连接代词和连接副词。

(1)从属连词

从属连词主要有两个that, whether；从属连词在从句中不作任何成分。That he will come to the conference has excited every one of us.他要来参加会议使我们每一个人都十分激动。Whether you can succeed depends on yourself.你是否能成功取决于你自己。

特别提醒

if一般(不在句首)引导主语从句。that引导主语从句不能省略。(2)连接代词

连接代词在从句中起名词的作用，作主语、宾语、表语、定语等，一般表示疑问。who谁，whom谁(宾格)，whose谁的，what什么，which哪一个，whoever无论是谁，whomever无论是谁(宾格)，whosever无论是谁的，whatever无论是什么，whichever无论是哪一个。

What he wants to tell us is not clear.他要跟我们说什么还不清楚。

Whichever of you gets here first will get the prize.你们当中第一个到达这里的人将获得这个奖品。

特别提醒

主语为从句时，谓语动词一般要用单数形式；但如果what引导的从句作主语、代表复数概念时，谓语动词则常用复数形式。

What we need is water.我们所需要的是水。

What we need are useful books.我们所需要的是有用的书。(3)连接副词

连接副词在从句中起副词的作用，作状语，一般表示疑问，但有时不表示疑问。when什么时候，where在哪里，why为什么，how如何，whenever无论是什么时候，wherever无论在哪里，however无论如何。

Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英语晚会将在哪里举行还没有宣布。

Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery.它们为什么突然消失还是个谜。

重难点

it作形式主语的主语从句

(1)It＋be＋adj.＋主语从句。常用于该句型的adj.有： necessary必要的 likely可能的 clear清楚的 important重要的 possible可能的 right正确的 wrong错误的 strange奇怪的 natural自然的 certain肯定的 obvious明显的

It_is_quite_clear_that the whole project is to fail.很清楚，整个项目就要失败。

典例1 It is by no means clear ________the president can do to end the strike.[答案] what 句意：总统可以采取什么措施来结束罢工一点儿都不清楚。此句中it是形式主语，代替后面的真正的主语从句，故设空处应填能够引导主语从句的连接词，由于从句中及物动词do后缺少宾语，故应使用连接代词what。

(2)It＋be＋名词/名词词组＋主语从句。常用于该句型的名词或名词词组有： shame遗憾

pity可惜

hope希望 no wonder难怪 good news好消息

It_is_a_shame_that we should have lost such an important customer.真遗憾我们失去了一位如此重要的客户。

It_is_our_hope_that the two sides will work together.我们的希望是双方能够合作。

(3)It＋be＋过去分词＋主语从句。常用于该句型的过去分词有：

said据说

believed被相信

reported据报道 thought被认为 known所知

It_is_said_that our school will hold a sports meet next week.据说我们学校下周要举行运动会。

It_has_been_decided_that they should start the project next month.他们要在下个月开始这项工程已经定下来了。

(4)It＋特殊动词/动词短语＋主语从句。常用于这种结构的特殊动词/动词短语有： seem看上去

appear显得

happen碰巧 matter重要 turn out结果是

It_happened_that a lion was hiding nearby.刚好有一头狮子躲在旁边。

Does it_matter_that I won't attend the meeting tomorrow? 明天我不去参加会议要紧吗？

典例2 It doesn't matter ________you turn right or left at the crossing—both roads lead to the park.[答案] whether 句意：在十字路口无论你向左转还是右转都没关系——两条路都通往公园。It是形式主语，设

空处应填入引导主语从句的连接词，从句后半部分的连词or提示本题为whether...or...结构，表示“是……还是……”。

典例3 It's no longer a question now ________man can land on the moon.[答案] that 句意：现在人类登上月球不再是问题。考查名词性从句，it为形式主语，后面的从句是真正的主语。由于引导词在从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用，故用that。

[考法综述] 了解名词性从句的基本用法，掌握各引导词的用法，辨析that与what，掌握it作形式主语的常见结构。

命题法 考查主语从句的引导词

典例1 ________we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.[答案] How 句意：我们如何理解事物与我们的感受有很大关系。分析句子结构可知，________we understand things 在句中作主语，是主语从句，根据句意可知，此处应用连接副词how。

典例2 What Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won't accept it.________________________________________________________ [答案] What→Where 依据语境可知，此处指有些人对大诗人李白的出生地存在质疑，分析句子结构可知，What Li Bai，...was born在句中作主语且其中只缺状语，因此改为Where，引导主语从句。what引导名词性从句要在从句中作主、宾或表语。

【解题法】(1)掌握各引导词在意义和功能上的差别。

(2)在语篇型语法填空中，考查名词性从句的引导词是不给提示词的，考生要分析句子结构，找出主语部分，分析引导词在从句中所作成分和表达的意义。

(3)在短文改错中，考查引导词的错用，掌握相似引导词的差别，如what和that等。从引导词在从句中所作成分和意义入手。

A．单句填空

1．Exactly________the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.答案 when [句意：马铃薯具体是在什么时候被引入欧洲的并不确定，但有可能是在1565年左右。由句意可知，后一分句是来补充说明前一分句中的不确定的内容的，根据“around 1565”可知是对时间进行提问，因此用when引导前面的主语从句。] 2．I think________impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.答案 what [句意：我认为他的画给我印象最深的是他对色彩的运用。what引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，表示“……的”。] 3．Some people believe________has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.答案 what/whatever [句意：一些人认为，不管是以前发生的还是现在发生的事情都会在将来重现。此处“________has happened before or is happening now”是主语从句，且从句中缺少主语，故填what/whatever。] 4．________the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.答案 When [句意：延误的飞机何时起飞很大程度上取决于天气状况。根据句意填连接副词When。] 5．________makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.答案 What [句意：使这本书非同寻常的是这位作家创造性的想象力。What在此处引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语。] 6．________you are on good terms with your classmates will affect your mood.答案 Whether [句意：你与同学相处得是否融洽会影响你的情绪。此处为主语从句，if表示“是否”且于句首时不引导主语从句。根据句意可知应用Whether。] 7．It suddenly occurred to me ________I hadn't locked my door.答案 that [句意：我突然想起我没锁门。it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。It occurs to sb.that意为“某人突然想起……”。] 8．As the spokeswoman said，________we should take action against them depends on what they will do.答案 whether [句意：正如女发言人所说的那样，我们是否应该针对他们采取行动取

决于他们将会怎么做。本空需要用连接词引导主语从句，表示“是否”，因此用whether引导。] 9．—What made her so happy? —________her son passed the college entrance examination.答案 That [句意：——是什么使她这么快乐？——她儿子通过高考了。答语为that引导的主语从句，引导词在从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用。] 10．________will matter is not how many books you read, but how much you learn when you finish reading them.答案 What [句意：重要的不是你读了多少书，而是你读完书后学到了多少。从句子结构看，is前面是一个主语从句，从句中缺少主语，应用What。] B．单句改错

1．That you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.________________________________________________________ 答案 That→What [句意：你在会上所说的话描述了公司的光明前途。分析句子结构可知，引导主语从句，且在从句中作宾语，故用What, That引导主语从句，在从句中不作成分。] 2．It remains to be seen that the newly formed committee's policy can be put into practice.________________________________________________________ 答案 that→whether [句意：这个新成立的委员会的政策能否实施还有待观察。分析句子结构可知，It 作形式主语，而真正的主语是后面的从句“that the newly formed committee's policy can be put into practice”；再根据句意可判断，此处表示“是否”，故改为whether, that无意义。] 3．It struck me most in the movie was the father's deep love for his son.________________________________________________________ 答案 It→What [句意：这部电影最打动我的是父亲对他儿子深深的爱。“It struck me most in the movie”为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“所……的”，故用What，It不引导从句。] 4．Which one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.________________________________________________________ 答案 Which→Whichever [句意：你们中任何一个人打破窗户都必须赔偿。根据题干中one of you可知，空处要用whichever修饰one, 指“你们中的任何一个人”。which指哪一个，表达疑问，故改为whichever。] 5．It doesn't matter how many times you fail;that matters is how many times you stand up and try again.________________________________________________________ 答案 that→what [句意：你失败多少次都不要紧；要紧的是你有多少次站起来并再次尝试。分析句子成分可知，“that matters”是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，故用what引导。that不作成分。]

6．We have learned from the story that which is most valuable is not what we have in our lives but who we have in our lives.________________________________________________________ 答案 which→what [“which is most valuable”是主语从句，在宾语从句中作主语，根据语境可知，该主语从句缺少主语且表示事物，故用what。which指某一范围中的哪个或哪些。] 7．It was never clear that the man hadn't reported the accident sooner.________________________________________________________ 答案 that→why [句意：不清楚这个人为什么不早一点报告那起事故。此处需要连接副词引导主语从句并在从句中作原因状语，why表示“为什么……”。故把that改为why。] 8．—The manager finally agreed to our new marketing proposals.—It never occurred to me what you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.________________________________________________________ 答案 what→that [答句表示“我根本就没想到你能说服他改变自己的看法”，句中It作形式主语，这里应该用that引导主语从句，连接词在从句中不作任何成份，也无意义。故把what改为that。]

考点二 宾语从句

基础点

在句中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句(Object Clause)。宾语从句可分为三类：动词后的宾语从句、介词后的宾语从句、形容词后的宾语从句。宾语从句的连接词

I think(that)you should turn to the teacher for help.我认为你应该向老师求助。I wonder whether/if it is true.我想知道它是否是真的。

I wonder what I can do for you.我不知道能为你做些什么。

He didn't tell me when we would meet again.他没告诉我什么时候我们再相见。

Could you please show me how you operate the machine? 你能给我展示一下如何操作这台机器吗？

I don't know whom you should depend on.我不知道你该信任谁。

典例1 Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt ________he could have expressed it differently.[答案] that 句意：杰瑞不后悔给出评论，但是觉得自己本来可以用不同的方式来表达的。从句that he could have expressed it differently作felt的宾语，连接词that在从句中不作成分。故填that。

特别提醒

that引导宾语从句时，常被省去，但下列情况下不能省略：①当that从句作介词的宾语时；②动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可以省略，引导第二个和以后几个从句的that不可省略；③宾语从句前有插入语时；④that引导的从句位于句首时。

I know nothing about him except that he is from the countryside.除了他来自乡下以外，我对他一无所知。

He said(that)he liked rain very much and that he wouldn't use an umbrella when it was raining.他说他非常喜欢雨，下雨天他都不愿打伞。

We hope, on the contrary, that he will stay at home with us.恰恰相反，我们希望他和我们待在家里。That our team will win, I believe.我相信我们队会赢。

一般来说，能引导主语从句的连接词都能引导宾语从句。

表疑问的宾语从句需要运用陈述句语序，但个别宾语从句本应运用陈述语序，但由于习惯而仍保持原疑问语序不变。

I don't know what is the matter with the machine.我不知道这台机器怎么了。2 动词后接宾语从句的用法

(1)大多数及物动词及动词短语后可接宾语从句。

We should keep in mind that there is no short cut to learning.我们应当牢记，学习是没有捷径的。(2)用it作形式宾语的宾语从句。

一些动词后的宾语从句有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式宾语，而将that引导的宾语从句后置。常见的这类动词有：

find发现

feel感觉

think认为 consider考虑 believe相信 guess猜测 suppose假定，设想 make使得

I think it necessary that we drink plenty of boiled water every day.我认为我们每天喝大量开水是有必要的。

The teacher made it a rule that all the cleaning should be finished before 7：30 every morning.老师规定每天早晨7：30之前所有的清扫工作必须结束。

(3)动词hate, like, dislike, appreciate, enjoy等表示“喜欢”，“厌恶”的动词以及一些动词短语see to, depend on, rely on等常用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。

I hate it_when they talk with their mouths full of food.我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话。

I would appreciate it_if you can help me.如果你能帮助我，我将不胜感激。

典例2 You can always rely on________Jack says, as he never tells a lie.[答案] what 句意：你完全可以相信杰克的话，因为他从不说谎。what引导宾语从句作rely on的宾语，what在从句中作says的宾语。介词后接宾语从句的用法

(1)一般情况下介词后只能接wh­类连接词引导的宾语从句。He'll talk to us about what he saw in the USA.他将给我们讲述他在美国的见闻。

典例3 When she was awake, she found that she was standing on________seemed to be a piece of stone.[答案] what 句意：当她醒来时，她发现自己好像正站在一块石头上。stand on后接宾语从句，宾语从句缺少引导词和主语，what在宾语从句中作主语，that引导的从句一般不作介词宾语。故填what。

(2)in, but, except 等少数几个介词后可接由that引导的宾语从句，但此时介词和that已形成固定搭配，即in that因为，but that要不是，except that除了。

The high income tax is harmful in_that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.所得税很高是有害的，因为它可能使人不愿意多赚钱。He would have failed but_that you helped him.若不是你帮助他，他会失败的。(but that意为“若不是，要不是”)4 形容词后接宾语从句的用法

(1)表示情感的形容词后可接宾语从句，如：afraid, certain, glad, pleased, sure, surprised, sorry, happy, confident, anxious, aware, convinced, determined, proud, worried, thankful, ashamed, annoyed, disappointed, hurt, content等。

I'm very pleased that all of your family will come.我很高兴你们全家都会来。

I'm sure that they'll make it in spite of the terrible weather.我确信尽管天气很不好，但他们会准时到达的。

(2)sure后宾语从句的连接词that, whether, if的选择。

当be sure用于肯定句时，其后的宾语从句的连接词常用that；当be sure用于否定

句时，其后的宾语从句的连接词常用whether或if。

Are you sure that I won't bother you if I sit beside you? 你确定我坐在你旁边不会打扰你吗？

I am not sure whether I should write to him or not.我不确定要不要给他写信。

重难点 宾语从句的时态

(1)主句的谓语动词如果是一般现在时或一般将来时，从句的谓语动词可用任何所需要的时态。

He says that he studies at school from Monday to Friday.他说他从周一至周五都在学校学习。

He will tell us what happened to him during our absence.他会告诉我们我们不在的期间他出了什么事的。

(2)主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时，从句的谓语动词要用相应的过去时态。The boy said that there were no classes on Sunday afternoon.那个男孩说周日下午没有课。

My Chinese teacher asked me if I was reading the book Red and Black when he came in.我的语文老师问我他进来时我是否在读《红与黑》这本书。

(3)如果从句表示客观事实或真理，不管主句的谓语动词是何种时态，从句都要用一般现在时。

As a child, I was told that the moon has no light of its own.I didn't believe it.孩提时，人们告诉我月亮自身不会发光，我不相信。

特别提醒

学习宾语从句的时态的有关知识时要注意：若主句的谓语动词用一般现在时，从句的谓语动词须根据需要选用相应的时态；若主句的谓语动词用一般过去时，则从句的谓语动词也应用过去的某种时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时)；若从句的内容为客观事实、格言、谚语、真理等，从句的谓语动词的时态不受动词时态一致性原则的限制，仍然用一般现在时；若从句的内容为历史事实，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时。宾语从句的否定转移

(1)主句主语是第一人称，谓语动词think, believe, suppose, imagine, guess等后面的宾语从句中的否定词要转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定形式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定形式。

I don't_think I can remember the 100 words within two hours.我想我不能在两小时内记住这100个单词。I don't_suppose that he likes it.我想他不喜欢它。

(2)含有否定转移的句子变反意疑问句时有两种情况：若主句主语是第一人称，简短问

句的主语和谓语应分别与宾语从句的主语和谓语保持一致；若主句主语不是第一人称，简短问句的主语和谓语应分别与主句的主语和谓语保持一致。

I don't_think(that)he is interested in that thing, is he? 我认为他对那件事不感兴趣，是吗？

You don't_imagine he passed the exam, do you? 你认为他没有通过这次考试，是吗？

“I don't think/believe/suppose/expect so.”是常见的表达，但是没有“I don't hope/guess so.”，正确的表达应为“I hope/guess not.”。

[考法综述] 考查宾语从句主要集中在对引导宾语从句的各引导词的考查上，以及it作形式宾语的宾语从句的考查。

命题法 考查宾语从句的引导词

典例1 I truly believe ________beauty comes from within.[答案] that 句意：我真的相信美是发自内心的。分析句子结构可知，________beauty comes from within在句中作believe的宾语，是宾语从句，不缺少句子成分，故填that。

典例2 As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly what thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.________________________________________________________ [答案] what→how 根据语境和形容词thick可知应用how引导宾语从句，表示程度。此处表示要弄清楚到底土坯房的墙需要“多”厚。故把what改为how。

【解题法】(1)分析句子结构，找出主句谓语，判断从句类别。掌握各引导词在意义、功能上的差别。

(2)在语篇型语法填空中，要分析设空处在从句中的成分和意义，结合整个主句的结构和意义，从而找到合适的引导词。

(3)在短文改错中，先分析主句结构，再分析从句的类别，熟记各引导词的特点，找出使用错误的引导词，并改正。

A．单句填空

1．The exhibition tells us ________we should do something to stop air pollution.答案 why [句意：该展览告诉我们为什么我们要采取措施阻止空气污染。根据句意以及句子结构可知，空格处用why引导宾语从句。] 2．—I wonder ________Mary has kept her figure after all these years.—By working out every day.答案 how [根据答语“By working out every day”可知，空格处用how 来引导宾语从句，表示方式。] 3．Reading her biography, I was lost in admiration for________ Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.答案 what [句意：读着她的自传，我对Doris Lessing 在文学上已经取得的成就赞叹不已。根据句子结构来判断，for后接一个宾语从句，而从句中缺少宾语，所以要用what。] 4．We must find out________Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him.答案 when [句意：我们一定要搞清楚Karl什么时候来，以便我们给他订房间。由句意可知，要给Karl订房间，那么就要清楚他来这里的时间，故填when。] 5．Susan made it clear to me ________ she wished to make a new life for herself.答案 that [句意：苏珊清楚地向我表明，她希望自己开始一种新的生活。it为形式宾语，设空处引导的宾语从句为真正的宾语。从句结构和句意完整，故用that。] 6．After a long journey, those young men finally reached ________they called the paradise.答案 what [句意：长途跋涉后，这些年轻人最终到达了他们称之为天堂的地方。“________they called the paradise”是宾语从句，作reach的宾语，在从句中call缺宾语，故用what引导宾语从句同时作从句中call的宾语。] 7．The 3G cellphone must be of great use and convenience to________wants to get the information through the Internet quickly.答案 whoever [句意：3G手机对于那些想要快速浏览网络获取信息的人来说一定是非常方便实用的。whoever引导宾语从句作介词to的宾语，且whoever在从句中作主语，相当于anyone who。] 8．John seemed puzzled about________the question meant.答案 what [句意：John 对这个问题意味着什么感到很迷惑。根据句子的结构判断，about后接的是一个宾语从句，而从句中meant缺少宾语，所以填what。] 9．Mom often phones me, asking________I am getting along with my studies.答案 how [句意：母亲常给我打电话，问我学习进展如何。此处asking 后为宾语从句，根据句意可知，应填how。] 10．Are you sure________Mr Li will come to your birthday party? 答案 that [句意：你确定李先生要来参加你的生日晚会吗？空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中不作成分，故用that引导。] B．单句改错

1．It is difficult for us to imagine that life was like for slaves in the ancient world.________________________________________________________ 答案 that→what [句意：对我们来说很难想象在古代奴隶的生活是什么样子的。What...be like为固定形式，表示“……是什么样子”。what引导的宾语从句作imagine的宾语，同时what在宾语从句中作介词like的宾语。] 2．Pick yourself up.Courage is doing that you're afraid to do.________________________________________________________ 答案 that→what [句意：振作起来。勇气就是做你害怕要去做的。分析句子结构可知，doing后为宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，故用what。that在名词性从句中不作成分。] 3．Police have found where appears to be the lost ancient statue.________________________________________________________ 答案 where→what [句意：警察已经找到了与丢失的古代的雕像类似的东西。分析句子结构可知，用what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语。where是副词，不作主语。] 4．Experts believe why people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.________________________________________________________ 答案 why→that [句意：专家们相信，人们只有在必要时才去购物就能减少食物浪费。根据句意和结构可知，believe后面要求接宾语从句，而且从句中不缺句子成分，也无意义，所以用that。] 5．Some people care much about their appearance and always ask if they look fine in which they are wearing.________________________________________________________

答案 which→what [句意：有些人太过在意自己的外表，总是问(别人)自己穿在身上的衣服看起来是否不错。分析句子结构，再结合句意“他们所穿的衣服”应使用连词what引导这一宾语从句，what在从句中作wear的宾语，指代人穿的衣服。which在引导名词从句时意为“哪一个”，不合题意，故把which改为what。] 6．Only when you go to New York City in person will you realize what diverse the American culture is.________________________________________________________ 答案 what→how [句意：只有当你亲自来到纽约时，你才会意识到美国文化是多么不同。根据how＋adj./adv.＋主语＋其他部分可知，应用how。故把what改为how。] 7．The bride and groom gave who attended their wedding some gifts to share their happiness.________________________________________________________ 答案 who→whoever [句意：新郎和新娘给任何一个参加他们婚礼的人发礼物以分享他们的幸福。分析句子成分可知，“who attended their wedding”是宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，故用whoever，意为“无论谁”，而who意为“谁”，表疑问。] 8．—Dad, I want to go out for dinner with my friends tonight.—Keep in mind when you have to be home by 9：00.________________________________________________________ 答案 when→that [句意：——爸爸，今晚我想和朋友们一起出去吃饭。——记住你9点前必须回家。keep in mind that...是习惯用语，意为“记住……”，其中that引导的从句作keep的宾语。故把when改为that。] 9．This still leaves the question of that local public services should be improved in the next five years.________________________________________________________ 答案 that→how [句意：未来五年地方公共服务应该如何改进的问题仍然遗留下来。应用how引导的从句作介词of的宾语，且how在从句中作方式状语。how意为“如何”，that无意义。故把that改为how。] 10．He seems too tired today, and I wonder that he got a good sleep last night.________________________________________________________ 答案 that→if/whether [句意：他今天似乎太累了，我想知道他昨天晚上是否睡得好。宾语从句表示是否，动词后可用if或whether, that无意义，故把that改为if/whether。]

考点三 表语从句和同位语从句

基础点

一、表语从句

在句子中作表语的从句称为表语从句(Predicative Clause)。引导表语从句的连接词主要有：从属连词that, whether;连接代词who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever等；连接副词when, where, why, how等。此外，表语从句还可用because和as if/as though等连接词引导。表语从句的连接词

从属连词在句中只起连接作用，不作成分；连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语；连接副词在从句中作状语。

从属连词：that，whether 连接代词：what，who，whose，which，whatever，whoever，whosever，whichever等

连接副词：how，when，where，why等

The question is whether you can afford it.问题是你是否买得起。

Our plan is that we'll go there once a week.我们的计划是一周去那里一次。That's what he said.那就是他说的话。

Your big opportunity is right where you are now.好机会就在你眼前。

特别提醒

if不引导表语从句；that引导表语从句一般不省略。

典例1 —When choosing furniture, you only focus on function while I think more about the design.—That's ________we differ.[答案] where 句意：——在选择家具时，你只注重功能而我更注重设计。——那正是我们不同的地方。考查表语从句。where在从句中作状语。as if/as though引导的表语从句

此类表语从句可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气，常跟在一些连系动词后面，如： seem似乎

look看起来

taste尝起来 sound听起来 feel摸起来 appear好像

It seemed as_though it had happened yesterday.那件事好像昨天发生的一样。

It looks as_if it is going to rain.看起来天要下雨了。

特别提醒

as if/as though意为“好像，仿佛”，其引导的表语从句常位于系动词(如seem, appear, look, taste, sound, feel, smell等)之后。若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况，从句用虚拟语气；若从句所述的是事实或是极有可能发生的情况，从句用陈述语气。考生要仔细体会其中的语境差别。

I felt as_if we had_known each other for years.我感觉好像我们已经认识多年了。

She looks as_if she has_been_working hard for a long time.她看起来好像努力工作了很长时间。3 because, why也可引导表语从句

because引导的表语从句，主语不能是reason或cause。常用于以下句型： This/That is why...这/那是……的原因 This/That is because...这/那是因为……

This is why we missed the early bus.这就是我们错过了早班车的原因。That's because he is ill.那是因为他生病了。

特别提醒

当主句的主语是reason时，表语从句一般用that引导，不能用why或because，这种用法常见于以下句型：

The reason why...is that...……的原因是……

The reason why he came late was that he got up late.他来晚了是因为起床晚了。

二、同位语从句 在句中作同位语的从句，称作同位语从句。同位语从句常位于下列名词之后，如： advice建议

demand要求

doubt怀疑 fact事实 hope希望 idea主意

information信息 message消息 news消息 whisper低语 order命令 problem问题 promise诺言 question问题 request请求 suggestion建议 truth事实 wish愿望 word消息 conclusion结论 thought想法

The_news_that we won the game was exciting.我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。

The_suggestion_that the new rule be adopted came from the chairman.采纳新规则的建议是主席提出的。

I have no_idea_when they will be back and settle down.我不知道他们什么时候回来定居。2 同位语从句的引导词

(1)常用的引导词有：that, whether, why, who, where, how, when等。if一般不引导同位语从句

在同位语从句中that, whether不作成分，whether表示“是否”，其他连接词具有实义，同时在同位语从句中作一定成分。引导同位语从句的连接词一般都不省略。

The_fact_that some countries are still suffering from poverty is really a great problem to the world.有一些国家仍然贫穷对整个世界来说是一个大问题。

The_question_why so many people would choose to live in the countryside is still under discussion.为什么如此之多的人愿意到乡下去居住仍然在讨论中。

典例2 I made a promise to myself________this year, my first year in high school, would be different.[答案] that 句意：我向自己保证：今年——我高中的第一年——将会是不同寻常的一年。分析句意可知，空格处引导的是同位语从句，解释说明promise的内容，并且此从句结构和意义完整，故用that引导。

(2)what也可引导同位语从句

I gave the girl a big doll, exactly what she longed to have.我给了这个女孩一个大洋娃娃，那正是她渴望拥有的东西。(3)分隔式同位语从句

有时同位语从句的谓语较短，而从句内容较长，这时为避免“头重脚轻”，常常将谓语部分提到从句前面，形成分隔式同位语从句。

My_wish will come true one day that I should buy a big house for my parents.我要给父母买一间大房子的愿望终有一天会实现的。

典例3 The notice came around two in the afternoon________the meeting would be postponed.[答案] that 句意：下午两点左右，有人通知说会议要推迟了。分析句子结构可知，“________the meeting would be postponed”是同位语从句，该从句解释说明notice的具体内容，从句不缺少成分，所以用that引导。此处谓语较短，从句较长，为避免“头重脚轻”而将从句放在了谓语部分之后，形成了分隔式同位语从句。故填that。

重难点 后边不能直接跟that从句的动词

这类动词有allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。

(√)I admire their winning the match.我羡慕他们赢了比赛。

(×)I admire that they won the match.2 不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词

有些动词不可用于“动词＋间接宾语＋that从句”结构中，常见的有envy, order, accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等。

(√)He impressed the manager as an honest man.他给经理的印象是个诚实人。

(×)He impressed the manager that he was an honest man.3 wh­与wh­ever引导名词性从句的区别

连接词what, which, who分别表示“……的东西或事情”、“哪一个”、“谁”，表示疑问含义；而whatever, whichever, whoever分别相当于anything that, any...that, anyone who意为“无论……”，强调一切情况。试比较：

What you choose to wear should be clean.你选择穿的衣服应该是干净的。

Whatever you choose to wear should be clean.无论你选择穿什么，你的衣服应该是干净的。

特别提醒

如何判断是用wh­还是用wh­ever引导名词性从句？

做题时，我们要认真分析语境，看看句子要表达什么意思，如果表示任何一个人或事物，无范围可言，就用wh­ever；如果有疑问的含义，且指的是具体的人或物，就用wh­。wh­ever和no matter wh­的区别

wh­ever既可以引导名词性从句，又可以引导让步状语从句，如：whatever, whichever, whoever等；而no matter wh­只能引导让步状语从句，如：no matter what, no matter where, no matter who等。

I will give this dictionary to whoever can win the first prize in the English

contest.我将把这本字典赠给在英语比赛中获得一等奖的人。(宾语从句)Whoever/No_matter_who can win the first prize in the English contest, I will give this dictionary to him.不管谁在英语竞赛中获得一等奖，我都会把这本字典给他。(让步状语从句)

[考法综述](1)对表语从句的考查通常是以引导词的选择为主，所以正确分析表语从句的结构相当重要。先确定从句的结构和意义是否完整，如果完整就用that，且that不能省略；如果不完整，确定所缺成分，然后结合句意选定答案。弄清从句中的谓语动词是及物的还是不及物的也很重要。如果从句中的谓语是不及物动词，那么后面的部分是状语，再根据缺少的意思来选定答案。

(2)解答考查同位语从句的题目时，一定先要找出从句解释说明的那个名词，然后根据从句的意思和从句的结构判断从句所缺的引导词：

①从句意思和成分都完整就用that引导，此时要注意that引导的同位语从句和定语从句的区别。

②从句成分完整，但意思不完整，就用whether(是否)，切记此时不能用if代替whether。③从句缺少主语、宾语、表语或定语，则应用连接代词。根据句子所要表达的意思进一步选择用哪一个连接代词。

④从句缺少地点状语、时间状语、方式状语或原因状语时，则分别用连接副词where, when, how, why。

命题法1 考查表语从句

典例1 A ship in harbor is safe, but that's not ________ ships are built for.[答案] what 句意：船泊港湾固然安全，可那不是造船的初衷。but连接的并列句中that's后应为表语从句，________ ships are built for表示为什么目的而造船，what for结构与句子意思相符。

典例2 As John Lennon once said, life is that happens to you while you are busy making other plans.________________________________________________________ [答案] that→what 句意：正如约翰·列侬曾经所说，生活就是在你忙于制订其他计划的时候发生在你身上的事情。此处引导表语从句并在从句中充当主语，把that改为what。

【解题法】 表语从句的解题思路

(1)找出主句的动词、系动词之后，为表语从句分析从句意义和结构，利用各引导词的特点。

(2)在语篇型语法填空中，主要考查引导词。找出空前的系动词确定是表语从句，分析所填词在从句中的成分和意义。

(3)在短文改错中，主要考查引导词的错用、漏用和多余。掌握that与what的区别，以及who与whoever等词的区别。分析句子成分，结合句意。

命题法2 考查同位语从句

典例3 —Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday? —Yeah, but I have no idea ________ he did it;that's one of his favorite universities.[答案] why 句意：——迈克昨天真的拒绝了耶鲁大学的录取吗？——是的，可我不知道他为什么那么做；那是他最喜欢的大学之一。设空处引导同位语从句，用于解释说明idea的内容；从句中缺少状语，根据句意此处表示原因，故用why引导。

典例4 The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief what you are better than anyone else on the sports field.________________________________________________________ [答案] what→that [句意：成功达到最高水平的唯一办法是保持这样一种信念，即你比运动场上的任何一个人都好。分析句子结构可知。此处为同位语从句，而且从句结构和意义完整，所以用that。] 【解题法】 同位语从句的解题思路

(1)掌握常跟同位语从句的一些名词如suggestion, advice, hope等，了解同位语从句的功能。

(2)在语篇型语法填空中，主要是考查引导词。同位语从句的引导词that较多见，也会考到when, where等。分析主句结构，识别关键词，判断从句种类。

(3)在短文改错中，主要考查引导词的误用、漏用和多余。考生要根据主句结构挑出从句，如从句表示陈述意义，常用that引导，表疑问常用疑问词引导。

A．单句填空

1．The best moment for the football star was ________he scored the winning goal.答案 when [句意：对这个足球明星来说，进球得分的时刻是最好的时刻。when在表语从句中表时间。] 2．“Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.”This is ________my mother used to tell me.答案 what [句意：“每次你吃甜东西，喝点绿茶。”这是过去妈妈经常对我说的话。分析结构可知，此处考查的是表语从句的引导词。从句缺少tell的直接宾语，用what引导。] 3．—What a mess!You are always so lazy!—I'm not to blame, mum.I am________you have made me.答案 what [句意：——真是一团糟！你总是这么懒惰！——妈妈，别怪我。我现在这样就是你造就的呀。分析成分可知，I am后是表语从句，引导词what在从句中作made me后的宾语补足语，相当于the one that，即I am the one that you have made me。类似例子还有：He is no longer what(＝the one that)he used to be。] 4．Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, “That's________I was born.” 答案 where [句意：奶奶指着那个医院说：“那就是我出生的地方。”此处考查的是名词性从句中的表语从句。] 5．Courage is a kind of quality ——and that's ________it takes to face the

challenges in life.答案 what [句意：勇气是一种好品质，那就是面对生活中挑战所需要的品质。that's 后为表语从句，而且引导词作从句中takes的宾语。故应填what。] 6．Faced with difficulties, you should believe your confidence is ________makes a difference.答案 what [句意：面对困难，你应该相信你的自信会起很大作用。make a difference意为“起作用，有影响”；本句中“________makes a difference”是表语从句，因为从句缺主语，故用what。] 7．Don't be sad.The most important thing is ________we must learn from our mistakes and move on.答案 that [句意：不要难过，最重要的是我们必须从错误中吸取教训，并继续前进。表语从句不缺任何成分，故填that。] 8．I'm afraid he is more of a talker than a doer, which is ________he never finishes anything.答案 why [句意：我觉得他说得多做得少，这就是他从来没有完成任何事情的原因。分析句子结构可知，此处which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子的内容；在定语从句中，空处引导表语从句，再结合句意可知应填why。] 9．The message of Saving Private Ryan is ________humans want peace, not war.答案 that [句意：《拯救大兵瑞恩》传达的信息是人们想要和平而不是战争。此处为表语从句，从句不缺少成分，所以用that引导。] B．单句改错

1．From space, the earth looks blue.This is why about seventy­one percent of its surface is covered by water.________________________________________________________ 答案 why→because [句意：从太空看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面大约有71%的区域被水覆盖。分析句子结构可知，此处为表语从句，表示原因，故用because。because后加原因，why后加结果。因此把why改为because。] 2．Evidence has been found through years of study why children's early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.________________________________________________________ 答案 why→that [句意：通过数年的研究，儿童早期睡眠问题长大后有可能继续的证据已经被找到了。分析句子结构可知，空格后面的部分是解释说明evidence的内容，是evidence的同位语从句，引导词在从句中不作任何成分，故把why改为that。] 3．Her only problem, if you can call it a problem, is what she expects to be successful all the time.________________________________________________________ 答案 what→that [句意：如果能称之为问题的话，她唯一的问题是她一直想成功。引导表语从句，从句中不缺少任何成分，故用that引导。] 4．The problem is what we can improve our reading skill in such a short time.________________________________________________________ 答案 what→how [句意：问题是我们如何在这么短的时间内提高我们的阅读技能。分析句子成分并结合句意可知，这里需要用连接副词how来引导表语从句。] 5．There is still some doubt that the system will work even though all the factors have been considered.________________________________________________________ 答案 that→whether [句意：即使所有的因素都考虑了，系统是否会运转仍有些疑问。whether引导同位语从句，作doubt的同位语，whether表示“是否”。] 6．People all over the world have a dream whether they will always live a peaceful life.________________________________________________________ 答案 whether→that [句意：全世界的人民都有一个梦想，即永远过着和平的生活。此处为同位语从句，解释名词dream的内容，因为从句中不缺少成分且意义完整，所以用that引导。] 7．The expert's argument what the increasing number of cars is the main cause of the rising PM 2.5 readings has got much support from the public.________________________________________________________ 答案 what→that [句意：这个专家的争论已经得到了来自公众的大力支持，争论围绕汽车数量的增加是PM2.5值上升的主要原因。此处为同位语从句，解释说明argument的内容，因从句不缺少成分，且句意完整，所以使用that引导。]

易错题一：名词性从句中连接词的误用

[例1] ________ surprised me most was to see some of the village people seated on the benches at the end of the room.[错解] It/That/Who [错因分析] 此处缺少主语，因此考生容易误用It, That, Who, Which等。[答案] What [心得体会]

[例2] I have no idea ________ he will come here or not this afternoon, for he is very busy at the present time.[错解] which/that/if [错因分析] 该题貌似定语从句，考生易误填which/that。此外，一些考生也许一看到后面的“or not”容易误填if。根据语意可知，idea后面接一个同位语从句，该从句是

对idea的解释说明，且由后面的“or not”可知应用whether。if不能引导同位语从句。

[答案] whether [心得体会]

易错题二：漏用关系词

[例] She was so angry and spoke so fast that none of us understood ________ ________ he said meant.[错解] that;what [错因分析] 许多同学一看便判断出understood后为宾语从句，第一空误填that;第二个空认为said后缺宾语，填what。

[答案] what;what [心得体会]

易错题三：名词性从句中用it作形式主语或宾语

[例] ________has been proved that eating vegetables in childhood helps to

protect you against serious illnesses in later life.[错解] What [错因分析] 考生误认为此空引导主语从句，缺少主语，误填What。[答案] It [心得体会]

第三篇：高三英语名词性从句学案

名词性从句一轮复习同步导学案

【学习目标】：

掌握名词性从句引导词的用法，并能判断出主语从句这一类型的从句。

名词性从句定义：在句子中起_________作用的句子叫名词性从句。

名词性从句分四类：____________ _____________ ______________ _____________

【名词性从句的引导词】

1.从属连词：that, whether/if, as if/as though, because, 其中that, whether/if, 在从句中不担任成分，只起到引导从句的功能。that 没有实际意义。if(whether), 意思为 “是否”。

I don’t care about __________ you have money or not.The problem is __________ Tom is able to arrive on time.__________ the meeting will be held here is not decided yet.It looks __________ it is going to rain.The truth is __________he didn’t come for the concert.__________ the earth is round is true.易混点whether与if区别

二者都可以作“是否”讲，能引导名词性从句，都不能省略。1.）在及物动词后引导宾语从句时可以互换；

注意：在某些动词后（如:discuss）只能接whether，不能跟if。如： We discussed whether we should close the shop.2.）引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时都用whether，不用if。如：

The question whether he should come himself or send another man hasn’t been decided.Whether he will win is all the same to me.The question is whether you can go there yourself.如果用形式主语，if和whether都可以 It is unknown whetherif she is ill.3.）如果whether后紧跟or not，不用换做if；若whether与or not分开使用，则可以换作if。如：

I wonder whether or not he has arrived at the destination.I don’t know whetherif I can come or not.4.）若宾语从句为否定结构，则多用if，而不用whether。如： I don’t care if he doesn’t show up.（在乎，炫耀）

5.）在介词后引导宾语从句或与带to的动词不定式结合而构成不定式的复合结构时，只能用whether，而不用if。如：

I haven’t settled the question of whether I will go back home.She doesn’t know whether to get married now or wait.2、连接代词：连接代词指既具有代词的特点，同时又能够引导从句的词。主要有what, whatever, who, whoever, whose, whom, whomever, which, whichever。有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等,不能省略。

I don’t believe __________ he has achieved so far.__________ breaks the law should be punished.____________ he said encouraged me greatly.What worried us most is_________ let out the secret.3、连接副词：连接副词指既具有副词的特点，同时又能够引导从句的词。主要有when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。

__________ we will hand in the project will be discussed later.Parents are thought to understand __________ important education is to their children’s future.The reason __________ he was absent was that he was ill.This is_____________ the accident happened.【判断】下列各句哪句含有名词性从句，并指出是什么从句： 1.China is no longer what it used to be.2.The truth that the earth turn around the sun is known to all.3.It was snowing when he arrived at the station.4.How he persuaded the manager to change the plan is interesting to us all.5.The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.6.The news that you told me yesterday was really disappointing.7.That is where Lu Xun used to live.8.He spoke as if he understood what he was talking about.9.Do you remember the teacher who taught us English at middle school? 10.I wonder why she refused my invitation.主语从句

1、主语从句在复合句作主语。引导主语从句的引导词如下：who，that，which，what，when，where，how，whether，why，whoever，whichever，whatever等。e.g.Who will go is not important.When they will come hasn't been made public.他们来的时间没有公布。

2、用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。e.g.It doesn’t matter so much whether you will come or not.It worried her a bit that her hair was turning gray.她的头发正在变白，这使她很不安。

It is a pity that you missed such a good chance.3、that引导主语从句时，不能省略。e.g.That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.4.whoever，whatever，whichever引导的主语从句

(1)whoever相当于anyone who，表明泛指关系，表示 “任何„„的人都，凡是„„的人都”。Whoever comes will be welcome.谁来都是受欢迎的。(2)whatever相当于anything that，表示“无论什么„„”。

Whatever was said here must be kept secret.在这里所说的一切都要保密。(3)whichever意为“无论哪个，无论哪些”。既可指人，也 可指物；既可单独使用，也可修饰名词，也可以跟of短语连用。

Whichever of us fulfils his task first will lend a hand to others.无论我们中哪一个先完成了任务都将帮助其他人。

Whichever book you choose doesn't matter to me.你选哪本书不关我的事。5.what与that引导主语从句的区别 what引导主语从句时，表示“所„„的(东西)”，并且在从句中充当句子成分；而that作为从属连词，引导主语从句时，其本身没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，不可省略。

What she was afraid of was their taking her daughter abroad.她害怕的是他们带她女儿出国。

That he will refuse the offer is unlikely.他不可能拒绝这个报价。It is reported that three people were killed in the accident.据报道，三个人在这次事故中死亡。

例题： some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.A.Whether B.What C.That D.How 例题： It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.A.how B.which C.that D.what

任务：找出10个主语从句的例子。

英语语法专题------名词性从句 同步导学案(2)

学习目标：第二部分学案主要解决表语从句，宾语从句，同位语从句的判断。

表语从句

1.可接表语从句的连系动词可接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, seem, sound, appear等。China is no longer what she used to be.今日的中国不再是过去的中国了。The question remains whether they will be able to help us.问题还是他们能否帮我们。It appears that he has a taste for music.看来他对音乐有一定的鉴赏力.At that time, it seemed as if I couldn’t think of the right word anyhow.当时，我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。The question was who could go there.My idea is that we can get more comrades to help in the work.2.从引导词角度学习表语从句

that 引导的表语从句

The fact is that we should depend on ourselves.事实是我们必须依靠自己。

如果主语是 suggestion, advice, order, command 这类建议，要求，命令的名词，表语从句的的谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should 可以省略。

My advice is that you(should)think it over before you make a decision.我的建议就是你做出决定之前仔细考虑一下。

whether 引导的表语从句

The point is that whether we should lend him the money.翻译_________________________________________________

Wh-类连接词引导的表语从句

自己总结连接代词what, whatever, who, whoever, whose, whom, whomever, which, whichever。连接副词when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever相关句子。例如：The question is however we can do the work better.问题是我们究竟如何才能够把这项工作做得更好。

As as if/as though 引导的表语从句

此类表语从句连系动词有be, look, seem, sound, appear。

He looked just as he had looked ten years before.他看起来还与十年前一样。

It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door.听上去好像有人在敲门。

because 引导的表语从句

That is because he didn’t understand me.那时因为他不理解我。

宾语从句

.宾语从句：在复合句中作主句的宾语。引导词有连词that , whether, if;who, whom, whose, what ,which;when ,where, how, why 等。在谓语动词、介词、动词不定式、分词、动名词之后都可以带有宾语从句。某些形容词如sure, happy, glad, certain, pleased 等之后也可以带有宾语从句。

如:

(1)V + 宾语从句，即“动宾”： We believe that he is honest.I asked if they had a cheap suit.Can you tell me which dictionary is hers? I really don’t know what he is doing.例1---Don’t you believe me?

---______, I will believe ______ you say.A.No;whatever B.Yes;no matter what C.No;no matter what D.Yes;whatever 例2“What did your parents think about your decision?” “They always let me do ______ I think I should.”

A.when B.that C.how D.what

(2)prep + 宾语从句，即“介宾”：

He’s pleased with what we did yesterday.Pay attention to what the teacher said.例3 I wish to have a friend with ______ shares my hobbies and interests.A.whomever B.no matter who C.whoever D.anyone 例4 Mary wrote an article on ______ the team had failed to win the game.A.why B.what C.who D.that

(3)adj + 宾语从句，即“形宾”： that 引导的名词性从句还可以用在一些形容词后面。这种句型一般都用人作主语，所用的形容词都是表示思想状况或感情色彩的形容词，如certain, sure, positive, afraid, convinced, anxious, disappointed, worried, glad, happy, sorry, amazed, surprised, aware, doubtful, confident等等。

I am sure/certain that he’s at home now.我肯定他现在在家。He remains confident that he will win.他仍然自信他会赢。She is aware that I can’t help her.她知道我帮不了她的忙。I am glad that you’ve come.你来了我很高兴。

I’m sure that my brother will love the jacket./ I am glad that you can come and help me.不能误将”It + be + adj + that” 的主语从句当成宾语从句.如：It is necessary that we should learn English well.例4 Exercises: I asked her __________ she had a bike.__________ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.We’re worried about __________ he is safe.I don’t know __________ he is well or not.I don’t know ___________ or not he is well.The question is __________ he should do it.The doctor can hardly answer the question __________ the old man will recover soon.（1）如果宾语从句是由that 引导，and或but连接的两个或两个以上的并列的宾语从句, 那么只有第一个that可以省略，第二个或第二个以后的that不能省略.He said(that)the text was very difficult and that we had to work hard at it.My desk mate told me(that)he watched a football match last night, but that it was very discouraging.如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，就用it作形式宾语，将宾语从句后置，并且that不可以省略.He has made it clear that he will win the game.I find it necessary that we should learn English well.We find it necessary that we practice spoken English every day.(2)表示“建议，命令，要求”的宾语从句，如advise, suggest, order, request, require, demand 等，从句用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形,should可省略。

(3)在“主语+ believe/think/suppose/know/expect”的结构中，其否定形式要用否定转移，即主句否定，从句肯定。

I don’t think he will come.I don’t think I’ll trouble you again.I don’t expect that they will get married soon.(4)宾语从句的时态呼应：

a.如果主句时态是一般现在时或将来时,从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态.他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的.He believes _________________________.b.请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么.Please tell me _________________________.c.如果主句谓语是一般过去时,从句谓语动词一般用过去的某种时态,但如果从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然规律等时，从句谓语通常用一般现在时。

他告诉我他正在为考试做准备.He told me _______________________________.他说他已离开家乡十年了。He told me _________________________________.老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的.The teacher told us _________________________.例5Exercises:（1）Do you see ______ I mean? A.that B./ C.how D.what（2）Tell me______ is on your mind.A.that B.what C.which D.why（3）We must stick to ______ we have agreed on.A.what B.that C./ D.how（4）Let me see ______.A.that can I repair the radio B.whether I can repair the radio C.I can repair the radio

D.whether can I repair the radio(5)Keep in mind ______.A.that the teacher said

B.what did the teacher say C.that did the teacher say D.what the teacher said

同位语从句

同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词（如：news, fact, idea, suggestion, promise等）之后，说明该名词的具体内容。

e.g.I have no idea when he will be back.The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody.同位语从句中that引导词与定语从句中 that区别

The father made a promise that he will buy his son a new car.同位语从句 The father broke his promise(that)he made last week.定语从句 跟同位语从句的名词

(只是作为辅助方法判断同位语从句，不是主要依据。)Advice belief, doubt, explanation, fact, fear, feeling, hope，Idea, news, opinion, order, possibility, promise, problem, probability

Question, reply, report, suggestion, thought, truth, wish, warning

判断同位语从句的主要依据：（假设法）

假设that 引导的为定语从句，看that 在从句中是否担当成份，如：he father broke his promise(that)he made last week.定语从句 that 担当了made的宾语，即made his promise,所以本句为定语从句，否则如The father made a promise that he will buy his son a new car.同位语从句，that不担当从句的成份，所以不是定语从句，为同位语从句。

The father made a promise that he will buy his son a new car.同位语从句 The father broke his promise(that)he made last week.定语从句 本节任务：宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句各找出5个例子。

自主学习完成下列题目

15.The film brought the hours back to me _____ I was taken good care of in that far-away village.A.until B.that C.when D.where 16.News came from the school office _____ Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.A.which B.what C.that D.where 17.－Is there any possibility ______ you could pick me up at the airport? －No problem.19.One reason for her preference for city life is _____ she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.A.that B.how C.what D.why 20.The news __________________________（房价将要下跌）has caused many people to sell their houses at lower prices.(fall)高三英语语法专题------名词性从句 同步导学案(3)

学习目标：第三部分学案主要解决名词性从句的疑难点。热点一．语序与时态：

想一想：名词性从句中的语序要注意什么问题？

1.No one can be sure _____in a million years.A.what man will look like B.what will man look like C.man will look like what D.what look will man like 2.Someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and see _____.A.who he is B who he is C who is it D who it is 小结1：不管主句是肯定句、否定句还是疑问句,名词性从句总是使用_____________.疑点：Mum is coming.What present do you expect _____for your birthday? A.that she has got B.that has she got C.she has got D.has she got 思考：句中出现插入语时，语序该怎么办？ 疑点观察、总结与拓展：

4.What do you think we should do to solve the problem of air pollution in cities? 5.Where do you suppose he can be? 小结2：以上句子体现了何种句式结构？_____________________________ 小试牛刀：

6.Rose looks worried.What do you think ____________________(她该怎么办)? Exception :7．He went up to see ________ with her.A what was the matter B what is the matter C what the matter was D what the matter is 思考：1.语序？ 2．时态？ 能力激活2：

想一想： 宾语从句中的时态应如何与主句时态保持相应的一致？

1.The police found that the house _____ and a lot of things _____． A．has broken into;has been stolen B．had broken into;had been stolen C．has been broken into;stolen D．had been broken into;stolen 2.We were all surprised when he made it clear that he _____ office soon． A.leaves B.would leave C． left D． had left 小结1: 主句是过去时态时，宾语从句用_________________.但如果表达真理性 的，则用现在时。

3.I don’t know when_____, but if he _____, I’ll let you know.A.he comes , will come B he will come , will come C he will come, comes D he comes, comes 观察与比较：I’m not sure if he will come ,but if he comes ,I’ll let you know.小结2：主句是现在时态，宾语从句用_________________.感悟疑点 : He has come, but I didn’t know that he _____ until yesterday.A is coming B will come C was coming D wasn’t coming

热点二．连接词的选择 能力激活3 观察与思考：that与what 的用法有什么不同？ 1.What you need is more practice.2.That he needed a lot of money made us surprised.3.Energy is what makes things work.4.China is no longer what it used to be.5.What impressed me most was that he was always patient with children.6.He told me(that)she was ill and that her mother wouldn’t let her go.7.Word came that our team won the game.归纳：

1．that和what都可以引导名词性从句。2．what是连接代词，引导名词性从句，在从句中有____，必须担任____,不能_________.3．that是连接词，本身无______，仅起_____作用，不在从句中担任______；引导宾语从句时可以省略，但引导多个宾语从句时，只有第 ___个that 可以省略。在引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时that一般__________。

感悟疑点：

1.After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _____ our astronauts desire to do is walking in space.A where B what C that D how 2.They lost their way in the forest, and _____ made matters worse was that night began to fall.A.that B it C what D which 3._____ no one likes his ideas is not strange at all.A.What B How C When D That 4._____ made the school proud was _____ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key university.A.What;because B What;that C That;what D That;because 5..Word has came _____some American guests will come for a visit.A.what B.that C.whether D.when 6.He told us _____ his father had died and ____ he had to live alone.A that, / B /, that C what,/ D / , what Test : 1.He often thinks of _____ he can do for his country.2.He often thinks of _____ he can do more for his country.A.what B how C that D which 3.One of the men held the view _____ the book said was right.A that B what that C that what D whether 4.(?)I’m not sure that when he will be back.能力激活4

观察与思考：在名词性从句中wh—ever与 wh---有什么异同？ 1.Whoever breaks the law should be published.2.whatever was said here must be kept secret.3.I’ll give you whatever you want.4.I’ll give you what you want.小结1: wh-ever 与wh-引导的名词性从句在语法结构上________,在意义上__________，有“__________”的意思。

体会例题

1.It is a rule in his family that_____ comes home earlier should cook the dinner for the family.A.anybody B.who C.who that D.whoever 2.I think the doctor is able to care for_____ is the matter with your son.A.all B.what C.whatever D.anything 3.The wild flowers are so special I would do _____ I can to save them.A.whatever B.that C.which D.whichever 观察、体会与思考：以下从句都是什么从句

1.Whoever breaks the law should be punished.2.Whoever breaks the law , he should be punished.3.________________ breaks the law , he should be punished.4.(?)Who breaks the law should be punished.5.(?)Anyone breaks the law should be punished.小结2 ：

wh－ever既可以引导__________从句，又可以引导_________从句．引导名词性从句时相当于名词＋定语从句；引导让步状语从句时相当于__________________.能力激活5

观察、体会与总结：

1.Whether we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.2.Her ability has never been in doubt---the question is whether he is prepared to work hard.3.It depends on whether we will have enough money.5.It doesn’t' t matter whether he' s come back or not.？ 小结：名词性从句只用 whether的几种情况： 1.主语从句置于__________________.2.引导________从句时，不用 if.3.做______的宾语从句时 4.与______和______连用时.热点三：几点特殊用法 能力激活6

思考: 想一想it在名词性从句中起到什么作用？

1.______ is reported that he will return to his hometown soon.A What B It C As D That 2.I made _____ clear that I was determined to carry out the plan.A this B that C them D it 小结1:.在名词性从句中，当主语从句置后时，要使用________________.2.在如果宾语从句后边还有宾语补足语，则用it作_______而将宾语从句放于句末.3.I hate_____ when people talk with their mouths full.(NMET 98)A it B that C these D them 4.I should have seen to it that she was told.（我本应该确保通知到她的）

小结3：see to, appreciate, like , love, hate----等动词后跟上宾语从句时，要使用__________.Exercise : 1.很遗憾他竟然犯了那样一个错误。

_________________________________________ 2．我认为学好英语很重要

____________________________________.能力激活7：学以致用

1.______ is known to us ____ the moon travels around the earth every month.2.______ is known to us is ____the moon travels around the earth every month.3._____ is known to everyone , the moon travels round the earth once every month.A.What B.It C.that D.As 能力激活8 想一想: 当你看到insist, order, commend, suggest, advise, recommend, require, request, desire, urge时，你会想到什么语气？它的结构是什么样的？

1.He made a suggestion that the English test ______ until next Wednesday.A.will be put off B.be put off C.will put off D.put off 2.Her pale face suggested that she ______ ill.A.should B.should be C.was D.is 3.The step—mother was punishing the poor girl, but she insisted that she ______the flower vase.A didn’t break B not break C doesn’t break D shouldn’t break 小结：

1.与“命令、要求、建议”等相关的名词性从句中通常用虚拟语气，虚拟语气的构成是_____________________________________.2.suggest 与insist在当___________________意思用时,用陈述语气

完成相关习题

11.— I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.— That’s ______ I don’t agree.You should have a more active life.A.where B.how C.when D.what 12.Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was _____ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.A.what B.that C.why D.whether 13.—I think it is going to be a big problem.—Yes, it could be.—I wonder ___ we can do about it.A.if B.how C.what D.that 14.__ is no possibility ___ Bob can win the first prize I the match.A.There;that B.It;what C.There;whether D.It;whether

英语语法专题------名词性从句 自主学习完成相关习题

1.It is obvious to the students ______ they should get well prepared for their future.A.as B.which C.whether D.that 2.______ parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.A.That B.Which C.What D.As 3.It is none of your business ______ other people think about you.Believe yourself.A.how B.what C.which D.when 4.___ matters most in learning English is enough practice.A.What B.Why C.Where D.Which 5.---Are you still thinking about yesterday's game?---Oh, that's_______.A.what makes me feel excite B.whatever I feel excited about C.how I feel about it D.when I feel excited 6.---I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.---Is that_______ you had a few days off? A.why B.when C.what D.where

7.Perseverance is a kind of quality and that’s ____ it takes to succeed.A.When B.that C.whether D.what 8.We should consider the students’ request ___ the school library provide more books on popular science.A.that B.when C.which D.where 8.When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly____ he wants.A.what B.which C.when D.that 9.Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears.No one in do anything well.A.what B.that C.which D.why the office knew she was so angry.A.where B.whether C.that D.why here and treat food nicely.A.that B.which C.what D.whether

高三英语语法专题------名词性从句 同步导学案(1)参考答案

【名词性从句的引导词】

1.从属连词：that, whether/if, as if/as though, because, 其中that, whether/if, 在从句中不担任成分，只起到引导从句的功能。that 没有实际意义。if(whether), 意思为 “是否”。

I don’t care about ____whether______ you have money or not.The problem is ___whether_______ Tom is able to arrive on time.____where(when/how)______ the meeting will be held here is not decided yet.It looks ___as if(as though)_______ it is going to rain.The truth is ____that______he didn’t come for the concert._____That _____ the earth is round is true.易混点whether与if区别

二者都可以作“是否”讲，能引导名词性从句，都不能省略。4.）在及物动词后引导宾语从句时可以互换；

10.We should respect food and think about the people who don’t have we have 注意：在某些动词后（如:discuss）只能接whether，不能跟if。如： We discussed whether we should close the shop.5.）引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时都用whether，不用if。如：

The question whether he should come himself or send another man hasn’t been decided.Whether he will win is all the same to me.The question is whether you can go there yourself.如果用形式主语，if和whether都可以 It is unknown whetherif she is ill.6.）如果whether后紧跟or not，不用换做if；若whether与or not分开使用，则可以换作if。如：

I wonder whether or not he has arrived at the destination.I don’t know whetherif I can come or not.4.）若宾语从句为否定结构，则多用if，而不用whether。如： I don’t care if he doesn’t show up.（在乎，炫耀）

5.）在介词后引导宾语从句或与带to的动词不定式结合而构成不定式的复合结构时，只能用whether，而不用if。如：

I haven’t settled the question of whether I will go back home.She doesn’t know whether to get married now or wait.2、连接代词：连接代词指既具有代词的特点，同时又能够引导从句的词。主要有what, whatever, who, whoever, whose, whom, whomever, which, whichever。有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等,不能省略。

I don’t believe ____what______ he has achieved so far.__Whoever________ breaks the law should be punished.____What_______ he said encouraged me greatly.what What worried us most is____who____ let out the secret.who

3、连接副词：连接副词指既具有副词的特点，同时又能够引导从句的词。主要有when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。

____when_____ we will hand in the project will be discussed later.(此题答案需要再讨论)Parents are thought to understand ___how_______ important education is to their children’s future.The reason ___why_______ he was absent was that he was ill.This is__where/when/how__________ the accident happened.一、判断下列各句哪句含有名词性从句，并指出是什么从句： 1.China is no longer what it used to be.2.The truth that the earth turn around the sun is known to all.3.It was snowing when he arrived at the station.4.How he persuaded the manager to change the plan is interesting to us all.5.The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.6.The news that you told me yesterday was really disappointing.7.That is where Lu Xun used to live.8.He spoke as if he understood what he was talking about.9.Do you remember the teacher who taught us English at middle school? 10.I wonder why she refused my invitation.参考答案

一、1、表语从句；

2、同位语从句；

3、不是；

4、主语从句；

5、同位语从句；

6、不是；

7、表语从句；

8、宾语从句；

9、不是；

10、宾语从句

主语从句

1、主语从句在复合句作主语。引导主语从句的引导词如下：who，that，which，what，when，where，how，whether，why，whoever，whichever，whatever等。

e.g.Who will go is not important.When they will come hasn't been made public.他们来的时间没有公布。

2、用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。

e.g.It doesn’t matter so much whether you will come or not.It worried her a bit that her hair was turning gray.她的头发正在变白，这使她很不安。

It is a pity that you missed such a good chance.3、that引导主语从句时，不能省略。

e.g.That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.4.whoever，whatever，whichever引导的主语从句(1)whoever相当于anyone who，表明泛指关系，表示 “任何„„的人都，凡是„„的人都”。Whoever comes will be welcome.谁来都是受欢迎的。

(2)whatever相当于anything that，表示“无论什么„„”。

Whatever was said here must be kept secret.在这里所说的一切都要保密。(3)whichever意为“无论哪个，无论哪些”。既可指人，也 可指物；既可单独使用，也可修饰名词，也可以跟of短语连用。

Whichever of us fulfils his task first will lend a hand to others.无论我们中哪一个先完成了任务都将帮助其他人。Whichever book you choose doesn't matter to me.你选哪本书不关我的事。5.what与that引导主语从句的区别 what引导主语从句时，表示“所„„的(东西)”，并且 在从句中充当句子成分；而that作为从属连词，引导主语从句时，其本身没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，不可省略。

What she was afraid of was their taking her daughter abroad.她害怕的是他们带她女儿出国。

That he will refuse the offer is unlikely.他不可能拒绝这个报价。It is reported that three people were killed in the accident.据报道，三个人在这次事故中死亡。

例题： some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.A.Whether B.What C.That D.How 答案：B

例题： It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.A.how B.which C.that D.what 答案：D

第四篇：2017高考英语——名词性从句

2017年高考题

【2017·北京】23.Every year, ______ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.A.whatever B.whoever C.whomever D.whichever 【答案】B 代词，根据意思可知是人获奖，故排除AD，因为需要做主语，只能用主格代词who，故选B。考点：考查连词。【名师点睛】

主语从句 Subject Clauses(在主语的位置上)1.从句的连接词可以是that, 也可以是特殊疑问词wh-。

That he is a famous singer is known to us.= It is known to us that„ Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn’t been decided yet.Who will go makes no difference. It is known to us that he is a famous singer. It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.本题中，whatever引导主语从句，同时作do的宾语。2.wh和ever 连用的词引导的名词性从句和状语从句的区别

 区分使用wh-和wh-ever: wh 有疑问的意思；wh-ever有肯定强调的意思 *Who will be invited hasn’t been decided.*Whoever comes here is welcomed.*A reward of $1,000 will be given to whoever can provide any clues to the case.*The gift will be given to whomever I like. wh-ever 在引导名词性从句时不能用no matter wh-来替换，但在引导状语从句时可以替换 Whatever happened, he would not mind.= No matter what happened, he„„

【2017·北京】26.Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing ______she was heading.A.why B.where C.how D.when 【答案】B 试题分析：A.why 为什么 B.where 在哪 C.how 如何 D.when什么时候。句意：Jane漫无目的地走在两旁栽树的街道上，不知道她将去往何方，根据语境可知此处是表地点的，很容易就可选出答案B。考点：考查连词。

【2017·江苏】26.We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of _______ it used to charge.A.that 【答案】C 【解析】

B.which

C.what

D.how

【名师点睛】

这里容易误判为定语从句的“介词+关系代词”结构，需要注意的是，half of后面的价格是以前的价格。如果是定语从句，那么half of后面的价格则是$20的一半，即$10，再结合“down to”可知，原来的价格

高于$20，因此不是定语从句。

介词of后跟宾语，因此这里是宾语从句，通过分析句子成分可知，宾语从句缺少宾语，因此用what引导。

宾语从句

1.动词后的宾语从句 1)that引导的宾语从句

后常接that引导的宾语从句的动词有admit, agree, answer, believe, decide, declare, expect, explain, feel, hear, hope, intend, insist, mean, notice9 0rder, remember, reply, say, suggest, think, wish 等

2)wh-，if引导的宾语从句

后常接wh-，if引导的宾语从句的动词有advise，ask，discuss，doubt，find out，imagine，inform,1nquire, know, question, tell, understand, wonder，出scover等。3)“动词十间接宾语+宾语从句”

常使用此类结构的动词有advise，ask，inform，promise，question，remind，show，teach，tell，warn，assure等。

4)“动词+it十形容词／名词+that从句”

常见的后接it作形式宾语的动词有find，feel，think，believe，make，consider等。5)it作形式宾语的特殊句型

常见的有：see to it that...；hate it that...；owe it to sb.that...；take it for granted that.2.形容词后宾语从句

后常接宾语从句的形容词有：anxious，aware，certain，determined，glad，proud，surprised，worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, pleased, content, proud, annoyed, convinced，confident等。

3.介词后宾语从句

后常接宾语从句的介词有on，about，in，but，except等。4.宾语从句需要注意的问题

1)当主句是一般现在时或者一般将来时时，宾语从句可根据句子意思选择用所需要的时态。2)当主句是一般过去时时，宾语从句必须用相应的过去时态。

3)但是当宾语从句表达的是普遍真理或客观规律时，宾语从句时态不受主句时态限制而用一般现在时。4)当主句谓语是think，believe，suppose，expect，imagine等，宾语从句的意义是否定时，not要转移到主句中；但当从句有否定意义的never，．seldom，hardly，scarcely等词时，否定词不转移。5)主句中谓语是think，believe，suppose，ex》ect，imagine，guess等，同时，wh-连词引导的表示疑问的宾语从句，应将连词wh-置于主句前面，主句若是疑问语序，从句语序不变。例 如：When do you think he will come back? Do you think when he will come back?(错句）

6)当主句动词是wish时，从句的时态要用虚拟语气；当主句的动词是suggest，demand，require等词时，从句要用可省略should的虚拟语气。

7)if常可代替whether，但是当从句作介词宾语时，只能用whether。

8)引导宾语从句的that常可省略，但是当两个that从句由and或or连接时，第二个从句的that不能省略。考点：宾语从句

【2017·天津】4.She asked me _______ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t.A.when B.where C.whether D.what 【答案】C 【解析】

试题分析：句意：他问我是否已经把书还给图书馆了，我承认。我还没有还。A.什么时候；B.在哪里；C是否；D.什么。根据句意，故选C 考点：考查宾语从句。

【名师点睛】本题是对宾语从句中连词的考查。对于宾语从句的连词的确定，首先确定连词的词义，然后根据句意判断出正确的连词，本句的句意很明显，确定为是否。

2016年高考题

1.【2016·北京】24.Your support is important to our work.________ you can do helps.A.However 【答案】C 【解析】

试题分析：题目考查主语从句。helps是谓语，“________ you can do”是主语部分，即主语从句，在主语从句中，do后缺少宾语，表示“任何事情”，因此用whatever引导，故选C。考点：考查主语从句 【名师点睛】

主语从句 Subject Clauses(在主语的位置上)1.从句的连接词可以是that, 也可以是特殊疑问词wh-。

That he is a famous singer is known to us.= It is known to us that„ Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn’t been decided yet.Who will go makes no difference. It is known to us that he is a famous singer. It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.本题中，whatever引导主语从句，同时作do的宾语。2.wh和ever 连用的词引导的名词性从句和状语从句的区别

B.Whoever

C.Whatever

D.Wherever  区分使用wh-和wh-ever: wh 有疑问的意思；wh-ever有肯定强调的意思 *Who will be invited hasn’t been decided.*Whoever comes here is welcomed.*A reward of $1,000 will be given to whoever can provide any clues to the case.*The gift will be given to whomever I like. wh-ever 在引导名词性从句时不能用no matter wh-来替换，但在引导状语从句时可以替换 Whatever happened, he would not mind.= No matter what happened, he„„

2.【2016·北京】29.The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________ one can be entirely free from dust.A.what 【答案】B 【解析】 B.that

C.whether

D.why

考点：考查表语从句 【名师点睛】

表语从句 Predictive Clauses(在be动词 后)

1.从句的连接词可以是that, 也可以是wh-的特殊疑问词。The fact is that she never liked him.The question is whether the movie is worth seeing.The question is who can complete the difficult task. This/That/It is because „

I think it is because you are doing too much. The reason why„is that„

The reason why the play is successful is that it appeals to many different people.2.只能用whether 的情况

* 在表语从句、主语从句、同位语从句中 * 在介词后的宾语从句中 It all depends on whether they will support us.* 在不定式之前

He doesn’t know whether to stay or not.* 从句中有or not时

He doesn’t know whether he should stay or not.3.【2016·江苏】21.It is often the case ______anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.A.why 【答案】D 【解析】 B.what

C.as

D.that

【名师点睛】

that 引导主语从句：由连词that引导的主语从句，在大多数情况下被放到句子的后面，用it 作形式主语来代替它的位置。常见的以it作形式主语的主语从句的句型有三种。1.It + be + 形容词+that从句

适用于这种句型的常见形容词有：necessary，clear，true，strange，important，wonderful，possible，likely，obvious，surprising etc。

1)It’s clear that they badly need help。很明显，他们急需援助。

2)It’s possible that we can carry out the project at last.最终我们能完成这项工程是有可能的。

表语为 necessary，clear，true，strange, important, wonderful，possible, likely, obvious, surprising, astonishing, etc.等形容词时，谓语动词的形式一般为“should ＋ 动词原形”

3)It is necessary that you(should)master the computer.你很有必要掌握电脑。

4)It is strange that he should have killed himself.真奇怪，他竟然自杀了 2.It +be +名词词组+ that从句

常用于这种句型的名词词组有：a fact，a good idea，a pity，an hour，a shame，no wonder，good news etc.1)It’s a pity that you missed the film.你没有看那部电影真是太遗憾了。

2)―Tom has a bad cold.汤姆患了重感冒。

―It is no wonder that he looks pale.――难怪他看起来脸色苍白。

3)It is a great shame that he should have stolen a pen.他竟然偷钢笔，真是太丢脸了。shame 所用的句中要用虚拟语气。3.It + be+ 过去分词+ that从句

常有的过去分词有：said，reported, hoped, believed, expected, decided, well-known, thought, suggested 等。

1)It is well-known that the earth moves around the sun.众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。

2)It’s reported that the two countries have made an agreement about their trades.据报道这两个国家就贸易问题达成协议。

过去分词表示：建议，命令，愿望如suggested，ordered，requested等词时，从句需用虚拟语气。动 词形式为：should ＋ 原型。

1)It is requested that Mr.Wang(should)give a performance.有人请求王先生表演一个节目。

2)It is suggested that we should discuss the problem.有人建议我们应该讨论一下这个问题。考点：考查主语从句

4.【2016·天津】11.The manager put forward a suggestion ____ we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do.A.whether B.that C.which D.what 【答案】B 【解析】

试题分析：句意：经理提出一个建议，我们应该有个助手。有太多的工作要做。使用同位语从句说明suggestion 的内容，而且同位语从句成分和意思都是完整的。用that引导，that不作成分，只是起着连接的作用。故选 B。

考点：考查同位语从句。

【名师点睛】解答这类题目，关键在于分析清楚句子结构，知道引导词的使用习惯。通过判断引导词在从句中所作的成分，来选择正确的引导词。连接同位语从句的连词主要有that, if, whether，和疑问词（what how where when...)。that引导表示陈述句的同位语从句，if和whether，whether...or not引导表示“是否”的一般疑问句的同位语从句。判断是否是同位语从句，还可以用同位词+is+同位语从句，如果可以讲的通，一般就是同位语从句，例如这题中，可以改成The suggestion is that we should have an assistant.2015年高考题

1.【2015·湖南】26.You have to know ________ you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.A.what 【答案】C 【解析】 B.that

C.where

D.who

【考点定位】考查宾语从句。

【名师点睛】判断是什么句子最关键，这个句子是由know引导的宾语从句，宾语从句的连接词有连接代词和连接副词。因为从句部分缺少状语成分，答案就出来了。正确解答该题需要理解句意以及注意上下文（you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.）的表达。2.【2015·北京】33.I truly believe ______beauty comes from within.A.that 【答案】A 【解析】 B.where

C.what

D.why

【考点定位】考查名词性从句。

【名师点睛】名词性从句分多种，宾语从句在考试中也是很常见的，要注意宾语是句子的一个重要成分，它可以由名词、代词、名词短语或句子充当。当一个句子充当宾语时，这个句子就称之为宾语从句。一般情况下，宾语从句可作谓语 的宾语，也可做主语的宾语。根据所选空在句中所作的成分来判断出是何种名词性从句。

3.【2015·安徽】25.A ship in harbor is safe, but that’s not ______ ships are built for.A.what 【答案】A 【解析】

试题分析：句意：船停放在海港里是很安全的，但这并非建造船的目的。isn’t后跟从句作表语，表语从句中的for后缺少宾语，用what引导，what与for连用，表示目的。故选A。【考点定位】考查名词性从句

【名师点睛】本题考查表语从句。表语从句是名词性从句的一种，名词性从句还包括主语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。可以根据从句在句子中充当的成分来判断名词性从句的类型。isn’t后跟一个从句作表语，what在名词性从句中作主语、宾语或表语；why和when作状语。介词for后缺少宾语，因此用what。4.【2015·浙江】6.If you swim in a river or lake, be sure to investigate is below the water surface.Often there are rocks or branched hidden in the water.A.what

B.who

C.that D.whoever B.whom

C.why

D.when 【答案】A 【解析】

试题分析：句意：如果你在河里或湖里游泳，请确定查看水面下有什么？通常总有一些石头或树枝藏在水里。此处的what指代的是树枝或石头，B选项和D选项用于指人，that 只有语法意义。句式上，该句用了(If 从句，祈使句)的句式，非谓语to investigate 后接一个宾语从句的表达。分析宾语从句的成分可以发现，空格所做的成分是主语。根据下一句的表述中的树枝和石头，可以得出答案是what.【考点定位】考查宾语从句的连接词

【名师点睛】判断是什么句子最关键，这个句子是由investigate引导的宾语从句，因为从句部分is 前面缺少成分，答案就出来了。正确解答该题需要理解句意以及注意上下文（Often there are rocks or branched hidden in the water.）的表达。

5.【2015·重庆】8.We must find out ____ Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him.A.when B.how 【答案】A 【解析】

试题分析：句意：我们必须弄明白什么时候来，因此我们能给他预定房间。Find out 后面跟着宾语从句。

C.where D.why 根据句意选when。【考点定位】考查宾语从句。

【名师点睛】 宾语从句连接词的考查，宾语从句一共分为三类，一由that引导的宾语从句；二是由连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词when,where,why,who,how引导的宾语从句，这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句充当某个成分。三由if或whether引导宾语从句。首先要根据句子结构来确实是哪一类，再根据具体的信息来确实用哪一个，是否符合当时的语境。

6.【2015·四川】8.The exhibition tells us we should do something to stop air pollution.A.where B.why C.what D.which 【答案】B 【解析】

【考点定位】考查宾语从句

【名师点睛】本题考查宾语从句的引导词。通常情况下，宾语从句如果是由陈述句变来时用that引导；如果由一般疑问句变来则用whether/if；而由特殊疑问句变来则用特殊疑问词。通过四个选项，排除1、2两种情况。而特殊疑问词的选择则要求对句子的结构内容有着全盘的掌握。此句中，主语、宾语、定语并不缺少，故选项C、D是错误的，再根据句意，只有B最为恰当。

7.【2015·陕西】19.Reading her biography, I was lost in admiration for Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.A.what B.that C.why D.how 【答案】A 【解析】

【考点定位】考查宾语从句

【名师点睛】宾语从句是名词性从句的一种，解答这类题目，关键在于分析清楚句子结构。确定这是什么从句，再通过判断从句中缺少的内容决定引导词在从句中所作的成分及意义，来选择正确的引导词。通常如果名词性从句缺少主语宾语和表语的时候用what连接。

8.【2015·福建】29—I wonder _________ Mary has kept her figure after all these years.—By working out every day.A.where 【答案】B 【解析】

试题分析：考查宾语从句。句中I是主语，wonder是谓语，how引导的宾语从句在整个句子中做宾语。连接副词How是宾语从句中的方式状语。句子是用表示方式的介词by回答的，所以是针对方式题提问的，故用how。根据句意---我好奇玛丽在这些年是怎么保持着身材的。--通过每天锻炼。故选C 【考点定位】考查宾语从句

【名师点睛】宾语从句算是高考中一个比较简单的考点，引导词主要的选择方法是看宾语从句的引导词在主句中做什么成分，不同的引导词表达的意思也不相同。通常宾语从句的前面会有一个及物动词，及物动词后面可以直接接上宾语，但是也要结合具体情况进行具体分析。

9.【2015·江苏】25._____ Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won’t accept it.A.That B.Why C.Where D.How 【答案】C 【解析】

试题分析：句意：李白是中国一位伟大的诗人，他的出生地是众所周知的，但有些人不愿接受这一事实。分析句子结构可知，a great Chinese poet做Li Bai的同位语，is前面是主语从句。比较选项只有where符合句意，where在从句中做地点状语。故选C项。【考点定位】名词性从句

【名师点睛】此题由于“a great Chinese poet”的插入，句子结构变得稍显复杂，因此要求考生能够排除结构干扰，看清考点还是考查名词性从句连接词的选择，然后根据“从句部分缺什么补什么的原则选则连接词”这一根本原则，同时结合句意，迅速锁定正确答案。

10.【2015·北京】35._____we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.A.Where B.How C.Why D.When 【答案】B 【解析】 B.how

C.why

D.If

【考点定位】主语从句。

【名师点睛】主语从句分多种，解题时要分析原题空中缺少的是何种状语。这类题考生首先要利用主句与从句之间的逻辑关系判别，尤其是连词在从句中的功能，由于引导主语从句的连词功能有所分别，较为容易抉择，但有的连词的形式一样，但具有不同意思，这就需要考生仔细甄别，充分利用与之相关内容或与其搭配相关词语的意思。

2014年高考英语分项解析精编版

专题10名词性从句

1.【2014·全国大纲卷】24.Exactly______ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.A.whether B.why C.when D.how 【答案】C 【解析】

试题分析：考查主语从句的连接词。句意：准确的说，土豆是什么时候被传到欧洲的还不确定，但是可能在1565年左右。此处when引导主语从句并在从句中作主语。考点：考查主语从句的连接词。

【名师点睛】从句分多种，主语从句在考试中也是很常见的，要注意主语是句子的一个重要成分，它可以由名词、代词、名词短语或句子充当。当一个句子充当主语时，这个句子就称之为主语从句。根据所选空在句中所作的成分来判断出是何种名词性从句。从而来选出合适的连接词。

2.【2014·重庆卷】12.---Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?---Yeah, but I have no idea _______ he did it;that’s one of his favorite universities.A.when B.why C.that D.how 【答案】B 【解析】

项。故本题选择B项。why表示“原因”。考点：考查同位语从句的用法。【名师点睛】 一般来说，在主从复合句中,用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它通常跟在某些名词之后，用以说明或解释该名词表示的具体内容。可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有：advice, decision, fact, hope, idea, information, message, news, promise, proposal, reply, report, suggestion, word(消息), problem, question, doubt, thought等。本题中的idea可以跟同位语从句的名词，做好此类题先分析从句的成分，然后再选择适当的连接词。

3.【2014·北京卷】Some people believe _______ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.A.whatever C.wherever 【答案】A 【解析】

试题分析：本题考查宾语从句，考查方式为连接词。句意：有些人认为以前或现在正在发生的事情将来还会重复发生。根据题干信息，“过去发生或现在正发生的事情，将来仍然会重复”，宾语从句中缺少主语，并且指的是事件，所以选用A。考点：考查宾语从句的用法

【名师点睛】名词性从句分多种，宾语从句在考试中也是很常见的，要注意宾语是句子的一个重要成分，它可以由名词、代词、名词短语或句子充当。当一个句子充当宾语时，这个句子就称之为宾语从句。一般情况下，宾语从句可作谓语 的宾语，也可做主语的宾语。根据所选空在句中所作的成分来判断出是何种名词性从句。

4.【2014·北京卷】30.The best moment for the football star was _______ he scored the winning goal.A.where C.how 【答案】B 【解析】

B.when B.whenever.D.however

D.why

考点：考查表语从句的连接词

【名师点睛】本题考查表语从句的用法，表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。说明主语是什么或者怎么样，由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当，和连系动词一起构成谓语。表语从句是名词性从句的一种。表语从句的基本结构是“主语+ 连系动词+ 关联词+ 表语从句”。做此类题时应该分析句子成分，指出主语谓语，看缺少何种成分。

5.【2014·天津卷】14.I think _______ impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.A.what B.that C.which D.who 【答案】A 【解析】

试题分析：考查主语从句。句意：我认为关于他的画给我印象最深的是他使用的颜色。在主语从句中what做主语，指代物；that 只起连接作用，不做句子成分；which哪一个；who做主语，指代人；本从句中缺少主语，根据语境可知，物做主语。所以选A。考点：考查主语从句。

【名师点睛】本题考查学生对主语从句的掌握情况。主语从句是在句子中担当主语的是一个从句,这个从句就叫做主语从句。主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。What 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语。所以做此类题时看题中是否缺少成分，在选择连接词。

6.【2014·山东卷】7.It is difficult for us to imagine_____ life was like for slaves in the ancient world.A.where B.what C.which D.why 【答案】B 【解析】

试题分析：imagine后需要一个宾语，“life was like„”做imagine的宾语需要一个不做句子成分的引导词，同时这个句子中like缺少宾语，所以空格处缺少一个兼词what。句意为：很难想象古代奴隶的生活是什么样子的。故答案选B。考点：考查宾语从句的用法。

【名师点睛】本题考查学生对宾语从句的掌握情况，宾语从句在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句.What, whatever,引导名词性从句，且在名词性从句中作主语，宾语，表语，做题时看句子中是否缺少成分。然后判断出答案。7.【2014·江西卷】28.Among the many dangers_--sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog.A.which B.what C.where D.when 【答案】A 【解析】

考点：考查定语从句

【名师点睛】本题考查定语从句中which的用法，which所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等也就是说做题时要注意句子中是否缺少主语。宾语等成分，然后判断关系代词，学生要注意分析定语从句在不同情况下的应用，才能面对更多的题型。

8.【2014·四川卷】2.Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, “That's ______ I was born.” A.when

B.how

C.why

D.where 【答案】D 【解析】

试题分析: A何时；B谁；C为什么；D哪儿。系动词is后是表语从句，四个选项均为连接副词，故判断缺少状语，根据题干中给出的提示信息pointed to the hospital可知“奶奶”说的是出生的地点，故答案选D。句意：奶奶指着医院说，“那就是我出生的地方。” 考点：考查表语从句的用法。

【名师点睛】本题考查表语从句的用法，表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。说明主语是什么或者怎么样，由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当，和连系动词一起构成谓语。表语从句是名词性从句的一种。表语从句的基本结构是“主语+ 连系动词+ 关联词+ 表语从句”。做此类题时应该分析句子成分，指出主语谓语，看缺少何种成分。

9.【2014·福建卷】34.Pick yourself up.Courage is doing you're afraid to do.A.that B.what C.how D.whether 【答案】B 【解析】

【知识拓展】

在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类：动词的宾语从句，介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that, if, whether，和疑问词（what，how，where，when...)。

考点：考查宾语从句。

【名师点睛】本题考查学生对宾语从句的掌握情况，宾语从句在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句.What引导名词性从句，且在名词性从句中作主语，宾语，表语，做题时看句子中是否缺少成分。学生必须仔细斟酌句子成分，然后再作判断。

10.【2014·江苏卷】26.—What a mess!You are always so lazy!—I’m not to blame, mum.I am ________ you have made me.A.how 【答案】B 【解析】

试题分析：考查名词性从句用法。本题考查的是表语从句，注意动词make后接双宾语，即make sb.sth.故用关系词what来引导。句意：——怎么这么乱啊！你总是这么懒！——我不应该受到责备，妈妈。我是你使得我这样的。故B正确。考点：考名词性从句用法

【名师点睛】本题考查考生对名词性从句的掌握情况，做名词性从句的题时，先划分句子结构，找出从句是什么，然后看主句完整不完整，如果主句不完整，就是主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句三者之一；如果主句完整，就是同位语从句。这里就是一个表语从句，从句子成分中分析出正确答案。

11.【2014·陕西卷】15.________ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.A.Why 【答案】B 【解析】试题分析：考查主语从句。句意：被延误的航班何时起飞依天气而定。题干中主句的谓语动词为depends，为此前面是主语从句。Why在主语从句中做原因状语；when在主语从句中作时间状语；that在主语从句中不做任何成分；what在主语从句中作主语或宾语。根据语境判断主语从句中缺少时间状语，故选B.When

C.That

D.What B.what

C.that

D.who B。

考点：考查主语从句

【名师点睛】本题考查考生对主语从句，主语从句是在句子中担当主语的是一个从句,这个从句就叫做主语从句。主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。本题 when在主语从句中作时间状语，所以做此类题时看题中是否缺少成分，再选择连接词。

12.【2014·湖南卷】24.As John Lennon once said，life is_____ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.A.which 【答案】C 【解析】 B.that C.what

D.where

考点：考查名词性从句用法

【名师点睛】本题考查考生对名词性从句的掌握情况，定语从句作用相当于形容词，修饰主句中的一个名词或代词或整个句子，同位语从句是对前面的名词做进一步解释，说明该名词的具体内容的句子。本题中说的那个 “句子中宾语或主语用一个句子来代替就是该种从句”用一个句子来代替宾语或主语，那就属于主语从句或宾语性从句了。所以做题时仔细分析题干，才能更好地做好题。

13.【2014·浙江卷】8.“Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.” This is _____ my mother used to tell me.A.what

B.how

C.that

D.whether 【答案】A 【解析】

【知识拓展】这四个词在引导表语从句的区别：what引导的表语从句，它在从句中作主语或宾语；how引导的表语从句，它在从句中作状语；that引导的表语从句，它在从句不做成分，没有词义；whether引导的表语从句，它在从句中作主语或宾语不做成分，但是有“是否”的含义。考点：考查表语从句。

【名师点睛】本题考查考生对表语从句的掌握情况，表语从句放在连系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语。

表语从句由关联词+简单句构成。表语从句就是一个句子在整个句子中处于表语的位置，通常情况下放在系动词之后。英语中的系动词不多，放在系动词后面的句子、单词、词组通常作的是表语。最常见的系动词是be动词。所以做题时仔细分析题干，才能更好地做好题。

2013年高考英语试题分类汇编之单项填空

专题10—名词性从句

1.【2013浙江】The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief ______ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.A.how B.that C.which D.whether 【答案】B 【解析】

试题分析：考查名词性从句。此处是由that引导的同位语从句，指代belief的具体内容，同时从句中不缺少成分，所以用that引导，这里选B项。

【名师点睛】同位语从句和定语从句不一样，同位语从句是对同位词内容的说明不是修饰，同位语从句的that不能省略。定语从句引导词that在从句中做成分，做宾语的时候可以省略。注意二者的区别。2.________ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.A.When B.How C.What D.That 【答案】C 【解析】

试题分析：考查名词性从句。此处you said 需要宾语。describes a bright future for the company需要主语，只有what能满足要求。句意：你会上所说的话是对公司发展前景的一个很好的描述。

【名师点睛】考查名词性从句的连接词要学会分析句子成分。如果主语从句缺少主宾表，用what连接主语从句，如果不缺成分，用that连接，引导主语从句的that在从句中不做成分，只起到连接的作用。3.It remains to be seen the newly formed committee’s policy can be put into practice.A.that B.which C.what D.Whether 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：考查名词性从句。题干中it作形式主语，所填词引导的从句作真正的主语，引导词在从句中不作成分，但其意思是：是否，用whether引导，故选D。句意：新成立的委员会的政策是否能够付诸实施还有待观察。

【名师点睛】主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。根据句意可知需要whether，而且It remains to be seen whether可以当成固定句型记忆。

4.________struck me most in the movie was the father's deep love for his son.A．That B．It C．What D．Which 【答案】C 【解析】

试题分析：考查名词性从句。________ struck me most 是主语从句，在这个从句中缺主语，因此用what引导。

【名师点睛】看到名词性从句的题目首先判断是什么名词性从句。其次看从句的成分。如果从句缺少主宾表，用what连接，如果不缺成分，用that连接，引导主语从句的that在从句中不做成分，只起到连接的作用，学生要会分析句子成分。

5.Police have found ________ appears to be the lost ancient statue.A.which 【答案】D 【解析】 B.where

C.how

D．what 的数量，故选D。句意：警察已经找到了好像是失踪的古代雕像的东西。

【名师点睛】看到名词性从句的题目首先判断是什么名词性从句。其次看看从句的成分。根据found可知后面是宾语从句。宾语从句缺少主语，用what连接，如果不缺成分，用that连接，只起到连接的作用，不做成分。

6.Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell ________ close you may be to victory.A.how B.that

C.which

D.where 【答案】A 【解析】

【名师点睛】解答名词性从句的题目首先判断是什么名词性从句。其次看看从句的成分。根据tell可知后面是宾语从句。宾语从句中形容词close前面缺少修饰语。用how对它进行修饰。

7.It's good to know ________ the dogs will be well cared for while we're away.A.what B.whose C.which D.that 【答案】D 【解析】

试题分析：考查名词性从句。句中的it是形式主语，________ the dogs will be well cared for while we're away是真正的主语，用引导词that。句意：非常高兴知道，我们不在的时候这些狗会被照顾得很好。【名师点睛】主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。解答这类题目，关键在于分析清楚句子结构。引导主语从句的that在从句中不做成分，只起到连接的作用。

8.________ I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.A.That B.Which C．Whether D．What 【答案】D 【解析】

试题分析：考查名词性从句中主语从句连接词的用法。分析句子结构知，此句的谓语是is，其前是主语从句，从句中谓语动词want后缺宾语，故用what引导名词性从句。句意：我想告诉你的是我对我父母的深深的爱和尊敬。

【名师点睛】如果主语从句缺少主宾表，用what连接主语从句，如果不缺成分，用that连接，引导主语从句的that在从句中不做成分，只起到连接的作用，学生要会分析句子成分。表语从句也是这样。9.From space, the earth looks blue.This is ________ about seventy－one percent of its surface is covered by water.A．why B．how C．because D．whether 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：考查表语从句。语境中“地球表面约71%被水覆盖”和“从太空上看，地球是蓝色的”之间是因果关系，故用because引导表语从句。

【名师点睛】连接表语从句的连接词有：that, what, who, when, where, which, why, whether, how, whoever，whomever，whichever，whatever等。还有如because, as if, as though等。解答这类题目，关键在于分析清楚句子结构。通过判断引导词在从句中所作的成分及意义，来选择正确的引导词。10.________ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.A.That B.What C.Who D.Which 【答案】B 【解析】

试题分析：考查名词性从句的连接词。is之前为主语从句，该从句缺主语，指的是事物，所以选B。【名师点睛】主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。解答这类题目，关键在于分析清楚句子结构。通过判断引导词在从句中所作的成分及意义，来选择正确的引导词。连接主语从句的从属连词主要有that, if, whether，和疑问词（what how where when...)。that引导表示陈述句的主语从句，if和whether，whether...or not引导表示“是否”，引导一般疑问句。连接代词主要有who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever等。连接代词一般指疑问，但what, whatever除了指疑问外，也可以指陈述。连接副词主要有when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however等.11.Experts believe ________ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.A.why B.where C.that D.what 【答案】C 【解析】

试题分析：考查名词性从句的连接词。believe后的宾语从句陈述的是一个事实，并且从句中不缺成分，所以只需填入关系词that即可。

【名师点睛】宾语从句属于名词性从句一种，宾语从句中的连接词that, whether, if在句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用；连接代词who(ever), which(ever), whom(ever)，whose(ever)，what(ever)在句中做主语，宾语，表语和定语；连接副词when, why, where, how，在句中做状语。应从上下句的句法关系着手分析，同时注意宾语从句的语序问题。

第五篇：高考英语语法：名词性从句

www.xiexiebang.com 解决高考问题，就上高考圈

名词性从句

在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。17.1 引导名词性从句的连接词

引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：

连接词： that, whether ,if（不充当从句的任何成分）

连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which 连接副词：when, where, how, why 不可省略的连词：

1.介词后的连词

2.引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。例如：

That she was chosen made us very happy.她被选上了，我们很高兴。

We heard the news that our team had won.我们听到消息说我们队赢了。

比较：whether与if 均为“是否”的意思。但在下列情况下，whether 不能被if 取代：

1.whether引导主语从句并在句首

2.引导表语从句

3.whether从句作介词宾语

4.从句后有“or not”

大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末，用 it充当形式主语。例如：

It is not important who will go.谁去，这不重要。

It is still unknown which team will win the match.到底谁赢呢，形势尚不明朗。17.2 名词性that-从句 www.xiexiebang.com 解决高考问题，就上高考圈

1）由从属连词that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句。That只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义。名词性that-从句在句中能充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语和形容词宾语。例如：

主语：That he is still alive is sheer luck.他还活着全靠运气。

宾语：John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。表语：The fact is that he has not been seen recently.事实是近来谁也没有见过他。同位语：The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.近来谁也没有见过他，这一情况令办公室所有的人不安。

形容词宾语：I am glad that you are satisfied with your job.你对工作满意我感到很高兴。2）That-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末。例如：

It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。

It's a pity that you should have to leave.你非走不可真是件憾事。用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系：

a.It + be +形容词+ that-从句

It is necessary that…

有必要……

It is important that…

重要的是……

It is obvious that…

很明显…… b.It + be +-ed 分词+ that-从句

It is believed that…

人们相信……

It is known to all that…

从所周知……

It has been decided that…

已决定…… c.It + be +名词+ that-从句

It is common knowledge that…

……是常识

www.xiexiebang.com 解决高考问题，就上高考圈

It is a surprise that…

令人惊奇的是……

It is a fact that…

事实是…… d.It +不及物动词+ that-分句

It appears that…

似乎……

It happens that…

碰巧……

It occurred to me that…

我突然想起…… 17.3 名词性wh-从句

1）由wh-词引导的名词从句叫做名词性wh-从句。Wh-词包括who, whom,.whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever等连接代词和where, when, how, why等连接副词。

Wh-从句的语法功能除了和that-从句一样外，还可充当介词宾语、宾语补语和间接宾语等。例如：

主语： How the book will sell depends on its author.书销售如何取决于作者本人。直接宾语：In one's own home one can do what one likes.在自己家里可以随心所欲。

间接宾语：The club will give whoever wins a prize.获胜者俱乐部将颁奖。

表语： My question is who will take over president of the Foundation.我的问题是谁将接任该基金会主席职位。

宾语补足语：She will name him whatever she wants to.她高兴给他起什么名字就取什么名字。

同位语：

I have no idea when he will return.我不知道他什么时候回来。

形容词宾语：I'm not sure why she refused their invitation.我尚不能肯定她为什么拒绝他们的邀请。

介词宾语： That depends on where we shall go.那取决于我们去哪儿。2）Wh-从句作主语也常用先行词it做形式主语，而将wh-从句置于句末。例如：

It is not yet decided who will do that job.还没决定谁做这项工作。

It remains unknown when they are going to get married.他们何时结婚依然不明。17.4 if, whether引导的名词从句

1）yes-no型疑问从句 www.xiexiebang.com 解决高考问题，就上高考圈

从属连词if, whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问转化而来的，因此也分别被称为yes-no型疑问句从句和选择型疑问从句，其功能和wh-从句的功能相同。例如：

主语：Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved.这一计划是否可行还有等证实。

宾语：Let us know whether / if you can finish the article before Friday.请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章写完。

表语：The point is whether we should lend him the money.问题在于我们是否应该借钱给他。

同位语：They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy.他们调查他是否值得信赖。

形容词宾语： She's doubtful whether we shall be able to come.她怀疑我们是否能够前来。

介词宾语： I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness.我担心他是否能度过疾病的危险期。

2）选择性疑问从句

选择性疑问从句由关联词if/whether…or或whethe…or not构成。例如：

Please tell me whether / if they are Swedish or Danish.请告诉我他们是瑞典人还是丹麦人。

I don't care whether you like the plan or not.我不在乎你是否喜欢该计划。17.5 否定转移

1）将think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。例如：

I don't think I know you.我想我并不认识你。

I don' t believe he will come.我相信他不回来。

注意：若谓语动词为hope,宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。例如：

I hope you weren't ill.我想你没有生病吧。

2）将seem, appear 等后的从句的否定转移到前面。例如：

It doesn't seem that they know where to go.看来他们不知道往哪去。

It doesn't appear that we'll have a sunny day tomorrow.看来我们明天不会碰上好天气。www.xiexiebang.com 解决高考问题，就上高考圈

3）有时将动名词，介词短语或整个从句的否定转变为对谓语动词的否定。例如：

I don't remember having ever seen such a man.我记得从未见过这样一个人。（not否定动名词短语 having…）

It's not a place where anyone would expect to see strange characters on the street.在这里，人们不会想到在街上会碰上陌生的人。（anyone 作主语，从句中的谓语动词不能用否定形式。）

4）有时状语或状语从句中否定可以转移到谓语动词前。例如：

The ant is not gathering this for itself alone.（否定状语）蚂蚁不只是为自己采食。

He was not ready to believe something just because Aristotle said so.（否定because状语）

他并不因亚里斯多德说过如何如何，就轻信此事。

She had not been married many weeks when that man's younger brother saw her and was struckby her beauty.（否定状语many weeks）她结婚还不到几个月，这个人的弟弟就看见她了，并对她的美貌着了迷。