高中语法精品学案——倒装

第一篇：高中语法精品学案——倒装

2012版英语一轮语法专项精品学案：倒装

下列情况句子需要全部倒装

(1)表示方位的副词(如there，here，up，down，out，in，away等)位于句首，句子谓语是go，come，run等表示位置的动词，可将谓语动词全部置于主语之前。There goes phone again.It’s not stopping ringing all morning.电话铃又响了。整个上午都响个不停。

There remains the possibility that mistakes have been made.仍然有可能出了差错。

Here comes the train to Beijing.去北京的火车来了。There goes the bell.铃响了。Down came the rain.下雨了。

但主语是人称代词时，主语仍置于动词之前。Here he comes.他来了。Here it comes.它来了。

(2)由一些表示方位的介词短语引起。In the middle of the mountain lies a temple.山里有座庙。

Inside the temple live many monks.庙里有很多和尚。(3)一些作表语的形容词放在句首。

Seated in the lecture hall are hundreds of students.演讲大厅里坐着数百名学生。

Present at the conference were many famous people.出席会谈的是很多著名人士。下列情况需要部分倒装

(1)句子以never，seldom，rarely，little，hardly，scarcely等否定意义的副词以及by no means，not until，not a word，not a single等否定词开头的词组一般都用部分倒装语序。Never in all my life have I felt so humiliated.我这辈子从未感到如此受辱。

Seldom in my life have I met so determined a person.一生中我很少见到如此果断的人。Not a word did he say at the last meeting.在上次会议上他一句话都没说。

(2)hardly...when，no sooner...than，not only...but also引导两个分句时，将前一个分句中的主谓作部分倒装，后一个分句中的主谓语序不变。

Hardly had he began to speak when his father stopped him.他刚开口发言就被父亲制止了。

No sooner had I left my house than it began to rain.我刚刚离开家就下雨了。

(3)当句子用so，nor，neither开头，来说明前面一句话中谓语表示的情况，也适用于另外一些人或物时，主语和谓语部分倒装，这时谓语只是用助动词、情态动词或系动词来表示。其常见句型是：so/neither/nor＋be(have/do等助动词或情态动词)＋主语。Frank adores dogs and so does his wife.弗兰克非常爱狗，他妻子也一样。

She couldn’t work out the answer，and nor could I.她算不出答案，我也算不出。[来源:Zxxk.Com](4)当only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句位于句首时，采用部分倒装形式。Only then did I realize the importance.只有那时我才意识到重要性。

Only when I see it with my only eyes do I believe it.只有亲眼见到，我才相信。

(5)在so...that引导的结果状语从句中，当为了强调把so提到句首时，主谓要倒装。So moved was she that she could not say a word.她激动得一句话也说不出来。

So loudly did he speak that even the people in the next room could hear him.他的声音那么大，连隔壁屋子里的人都听得见。

So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.光速如此之快，我们很难想像。So frightened is he in the darkness that he dare not say a word.他在黑暗中十分害怕，一句话都不敢说。

(6)as引导让步状语从句时句子要用倒装语序，即要将从句中的表语、状语或从句中的动词提到as的前面。

在as引导的让步状语从句中，作表语的单数可数名词前不用任何冠词。Try as she might，Sue couldn’t get the door open.无论苏怎么努力，她都打不开门。

Popular as he is，the President hasn’t always managed to have his own way.尽管总统很受人欢迎，但他也并非总按自己的方式办事。

(7)在省略if的条件状语从句中，were，had或should要提到句首构成倒装。Had you come a few minutes earlier，you would have seen him.如果你早来几分钟，你会见到他。

Should he be here next week，he would help us.[来源:学.科.网Z.X.X.K] 如果他下周来这儿，他就帮助我们。Hearing the dog barking fiercely，away________.A．fleeing the thief

B．was fleeing the thief[来源:学*科*网Z*X*X*K] C．the thief was fleeing

D．fled the thief 【解析】 句意为：听到狗的狂叫声，小偷逃掉了。本题考查了全部倒装句。表地点方位的副词away放句首时，句子要全部倒装。正常的语序是：The thief fled away.【答案】 D 2． The computer was used in teaching.As a result，not only________，but students became more interested in the lessons.A．saved was teachers’ energy

B．was teachers’ energy saved

C．teachers’ energy was saved [来源:学*科*网] D．was saved teachers’ energy

【解析】 句意为：电脑被应用于教学中。结果，不仅节省了老师的精力，学生也对课堂更感兴趣了。此题考查not only用于句首时的倒装结构，not only用于句首时后面的句子必须用部分倒装。【答案】 B 3． Unsatisfied________with the payment，he took the job just to get some work experience.A．though was he

B．though he was C．he was though

D．was he though 【解析】 句意为：尽管对工资不满意，但为了获得工作经验，他还是接受了这份工作。本题考查though引导状语从句可用倒装的形式，即从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首，但主谓顺序不变。though引

导的从句也可以不倒装，前半句可写为：Though he was unsatisfied with the payment。【答案】 B 4． So sudden________that the enemy had no time to escape.A．did the attack

B．the attack did C．was the attack

D．the attack was 【解析】 句意为：这次袭击非常突然以至于敌人没有时间逃跑。so＋adj.放于句首时，主句倒装。sudden是形容词，在句中作表语，故应用was。【答案】 C 5．For a moment nothing happened.Then________all shouting together.A．voices had come

B．came voices C．voices would come D．did voices come 【解析】 句意为：那会儿，什么都没发生。之后大家一起欢呼起来。本题考查倒装句型，副词then，away，out，in 等置于句首，且主语是名词时，主谓要全部倒装。【答案】 B 6． Distinguished guests and friends，welcome to our school.________the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni(校友)from home and abroad.A．Attend

B．To attend C．Attending

D．Having attended 【解析】 句意为：尊敬的来宾朋友们，欢迎莅临我校。今天早上参加50周年庆典的是来自国内外的校友。本句为倒装句，正常的语序应该是：Our alumni from home and abroad are attending the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning.【答案】 C 7．Not until I came home last night________to bed.A．Mum did go

B．did Mum go C．went Mum

D．Mum went 【解析】 句意为：昨晚妈妈直到我回家才上床睡觉。not until引导状语从句且提前置于句首需要部分倒装，又因为时态是过去时(从came可知)，所以要将助动词did提前。【答案】 B 8． So much of interest________that most visitors simply run out of time before seeing it all.A．offers Beijing B．Beijing offers

C．does Beijing offer

D．Beijing does offer 【解析】 so much置于句首，后面的句子应用部分倒装，即将助动词、情态动词提到主语前面。【答案】 C 9． Not until the motorbike looked almost new________repairing and cleaning it.A．he stopped B．did he stop D．he did stop C．stopped he

【解析】 句意为：他把摩托车擦洗和修补得像新的一样才停止下来。not until引导的状语(或状语从句)放在句首，主句部分需部分倒装，所以只有B符合题意。【答案】 B[来源:学_科_网Z_X_X_K] 10．Little________that we were watching his every move，so he seemed to be going his own way in this business.A．he realized

B．he didn’t realize

C．didn’t he realize D．did he realize 【解析】 本题考查倒装结构。否定词little位于句首时句子要部分倒装。【答案】 D 11．Not until he called the secretary three times________that the manager went to an important meeting.A．did he tell B．he told C．was he told

D．he was told 【解析】 否定词not置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装，加之he与tell为动宾关系，故主句应用被动语态；所以选C。【答案】 C 12． Only under special circumstances________to take make-up tests.A．are freshmen permitted

B．permitted are freshmen C．freshmen are permitted

D．are permitted freshmen[来源:学*科*网] 【解析】 only后面跟状语位于句首时，句子要部分倒装，故答案为A。【答案】 A 13．—Did you see who the driver was? —No，so quickly________that I couldn’t get a good look at his face.[来源:Z#xx#k.Com] A．does the car speed by

B．the car sped by

C．did the car speed by

D．the car speeds by 【解析】 考查倒装句。句型so...that...中so与其后形容词或副词置于句首时，主句部分采用部分倒装结构；此句时态为一般过去时，借助于助动词did构成倒装句。【答案】 C 14． ________he is，________he can do something that grown-ups do.A．A boy as；but

C．Boy as；yet B．A boy though；yet D．Boy as；but 【解析】 考查特殊句式。句意为：虽然他只是一个孩子，但是他可以做一些成年人做的事情。前半句是as引导的让步状语从句，表语前置；此处表语为名词，其前不加冠词。此结构可以和yet，still等连用，但不可与but连用。【答案】 C 15．Hardly________the phone________I was told that the hotel had been booked full.A．I had picked up；when

B．had I picked up；then C．had I picked up；when

D．I had picked up；then 【解析】 考查倒装句和固定句式。本句使用了“hardly...when...”句式，表示“刚一……就……”；当否定副词hardly放在句首时，主句要用倒装结构，因此选C。近年高考试题的单项填空部分有不少试题都呈现“复合型”，一个试题中考查两个或多个语法知识。【答案】 C 16． Only when class began________that he had left his book at home.A．will he realize

B．he did realize C．did he realize D．should he realize 【解析】 考查倒装句，当only＋状语位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装形式。【答案】 C 17． Little________about H1N1 so far，so there is no doubt that many people are afraid when talking about the disease.A．did scientists known

B．scientists have known[来源:学科网ZXXK] C．have scientists known

D．had scientists known 【解析】 本题考查时态和倒装。根据关键词so far，可以确定用现在完成时，故排除A、D两项；little表示否定，放句首要倒装。【答案】 C 18． “By no means，” declared the captain.“________give way to disappointment.” A．we would

C．might we B．we will D．shall we 【解析】 考查倒装句型。by no means位于句首句子要倒装，根据句意应该用shall we。【答案】 D 19．Not until he called the secretary three times________that the manager went to an important meeting.A．did he tell B．he told C．was he told

D．he was told

【解析】 考查倒装。not until 置于句首，句子要部分倒装；he 与tell之间存在着动宾关系，要用被动语态，所以答案为C。【答案】

C 20． ________，she talks a lot about her favorite singers after she went home.[来源:学#科#网] A．A quiet student as she may be B．Quiet as she may be a student C．Be a quiet student as she may D．Quiet student as she may be 【解析】 考查倒装结构。句意为：尽管她是个寡言的学生，但回家后关于她喜欢的歌手她也谈了很多。该倒装结构为：adj.＋n.(单数)＋as＋主语＋谓语。【答案】 D 21．By the side of the Bird’s Nest________，completed in 2008.A．there standing the Water Cube B．does the Water Cube stand C．the Water Cube stands[来源:Z,xx,k.Com] D．stands the Water Cube 【解析】 考查倒装。由于地点状语前置，句子应采用全部倒装语序，即把整个谓语放在主语之前。语境为：鸟巢的旁边就是2008年建成的水立方。

【答案】 D 22．Many people agree that never in history________a more splendid opening ceremony than that of the Beijing Olympics.A．there were

B．has there been C．there has been

D．were there 【解析】 考查倒装结构。在从句中，否定副词never置于句首，所以要用部分倒装。【答案】 B 23．Not a single word________when he left home and joined the army in 1941.A．did he leave

B．left he C．did leave he

D．he left 【解析】 考查倒装语序。not a single word位于句首时，句子的主语与谓语应该使用部分倒装语序。【答案】 A 24． We must apply what we have learned to our daily work because in no case________from practice.A．should theory separate

B．should theory be separated C．theory should separate

D．theory should be separated 【解析】 考查倒装结构。从in no case可知，后面的句子应用部分倒装，同时theory和separate为动宾关系，应用被动结构，故选B项。【答案】 B 25．—Can I smoke here? —No.In no circumstances________in the library.A．smoking permits B．smoking is permitted C．does smoking permit

D．is smoking permitted 【解析】 考查倒装句。in no circumstances 表示否定，意思是“决不，在任何情况下都不”，放在句首时，句子要倒装，由此排除A、B两项；根据句意可知，permit应该用于被动语态，所以D项正确。【答案】 D

第二篇：倒装语法总结

倒装语法总结

一、定义

自然语序：Iwillneverdothat.倒装语序： Whenwillyoucometoseeme?

HerecomesMs.Shao.二、倒装例句

I will never do that.Never will I do that.Mr.Su, Mr.Yang and three other teachers were present at the meeting.Present at the meeting were Mr.Su, Mr.Yang and three other teachers.There was a farm house.There was little boy sitting in front of it.There was a farm house.In front of it sat a little boy.三、倒装的分类：倒装分为完全倒装和部分倒装：完全倒装：整个谓语移至主语之前，例如：Here comes the bus.；

部分倒装：只把系动词，情态动词，助动词或表语，即谓语的一部分放在主语之前，例如： Only then did he realize that he was wrong.四、倒装的应用

（一）完全倒装 1.直接引语在句首 “You are late,” whispered the little child.“Do you think it is beautiful?” he asked.“Look out!” the little child was crying.2.Here/There/Now/Then + 不及物动词(come/go/begin/follow)Now comes your turn to give us a talk.Then began the revolution.Herehecomes.2.表示方位或方向的介词短语或副词短语放在句首，用倒装语序。

Out rushed the boy from the house.In came a girl he had never seen before.Behind the tree was a house.Out he rushed.1

3.强调表语或状语，或使上下文紧密衔接时，用倒装语序。

South of the city lies a big steel factory.Gone are the days when women were looked down upon.He arrived at an old church, in front of which stood a big crowd of people.Written on the blackboard are the key words of this unit.4.There + 不及物动词

be/lie/stand/hang/appear/seem/exist/live… There lives an old man in the mountain.There stood a pine tree in front of the house.There still exist some problems.（二）部分倒装

1.以so/nor/neither开头的句子，表示前文情况同样适用于后文。谓语时态，形式与前句一致。

Society has changed and so have the people in it.I don’t like math and neither does Tom.I don’t know and nor do I care.—It is cold today.—So it is.—So was it yesterday.2.否定意义的副词或短语用在句首

Little did he know who the woman was.In no way should we give up fighting.直到我开始工作，我才意识到我之前浪费了很多时间：I realize I had wasted much time.他不仅读完了那本书，而且能记住大部分内容。Not onlybut Not until…

Not only did he read the book, but also he remembered what he had read.never

seldomnowhereno longerlittle not a bit not only…but… barely not untilin no way by no means in no case in vainnot onceon no account at no timeunder no circumstances 3.Hardly/Scarcely…when…;No sooner…than…

4.某些频度副词用在句首

often, always, once, many a time,now and then…

Often do I think of him.Many a time has he helped me with my homework.5.so/such…that…中 so + adj./adv.或such…用在句首

In such a hurry did he leave that he forgot to lock the door.So loudly did he speak that he was heard upstairs.6.only在句首修饰状语(副词、介词短语或状语从句)时用倒装语序

7.多数疑问句都为倒装语序

Where do you live?

Who did that?

（三）特殊结构

1.虚拟条件句的倒装。

Had you reviewed your lessons, you might have passed the exam.If I were to do the work, I should do it some other way.Were I to do the work, I should do it some other way.2.让步状语从句

形容词/名词/副词/实义动词 + as + 主语 + 动词/系动词/助动词

Pretty as she is, she is not clever.as I like it, I won’t buy it.Try as he might, he couldn’t open the door.五、倒装翻译句子

1.大约在二十三个世纪之前，在希腊有一位叫做亚里士多德的思想家。

About twenty-three centuries ago, there lived in Greece a great thinker named Aristotle.2.门开了，进来一些手里拿着花的女孩儿。

The door opened, and in came some girls with flowers in their hands.3.要是他以前每天练习阅读和口语的话，他现在就会说得非常好了

Had he practiced reading and speaking English every day, he would speak it well enough now.4.字典是我们最好的老师。它不但教我们词汇的意思，还教我们如何使用它们。

A good dictionary is our best teacher.Not only does it teach us the meaning of words, but also teaches us how to use them.5.雨一停士兵们就又上路了。

Scarcely had it stopped raining when the soldiers started on their way again.6.我昨晚睡觉的时候还在下雨。雨直到半夜才停。

It was still raining when I went to bed.Not until midnight did it stop raining.7.经过了一天繁重的劳动后，我累得都快站不住了。

So tired was I after a whole day’s heavy work that I could hardly stand on my feet.8.山顶上有一座庙，这些僧侣们曾经在那里住过。

On the top of the hill stands a temple, where the monks once lived.9.尽管她很年轻，她对于这项工作很有经验。

Young as she is, she is quite experienced in the work.10.昨天晚上直到我写完作业才睡觉。

Last night, not until I finished my homework did I go to bed.

第三篇：高中语法精品学案——定语从句

2012版英语一轮语法专项精品学案：定语从句

whose 是一个表示所属关系的词，在定语从句中作定语，相当于my，his，her，its，their等修饰人或物。of which 可以代替whose 指物，词序一般是名词＋of which 或of which ＋名词。of whom 可以代替whose 指人，词序是名词＋of whom。

Many children，whose parents are away working in big cities，are taken good care of in the village.父母亲在大城市里打工的许多孩子在村庄里被照顾的非常好。

The newly-built cafe，the walls of which are painted light green，is really a peaceful place for us，especially after hard work.这家新建的墙体被涂成浅绿色的咖啡厅对我们而言确实是个安静场所，尤其是在辛苦工作之后。1.Children who are not active or________diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.A．what

C．which

B．whose D．that 解析： 句意为：一些不是很活跃，或者他们的饮食中热量太高的孩子会很快长胖。本题考查定语从句。先行词为children，or 连接两个并列的定语从句，第一个定语从句的引导词为who，第二个引导词为考查点，先行词children在第二个定语从句中与从句中的主语diet形成所属关系：children’s diet，故选择B项。答案： B 2．The old temple________roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair.A．where

C．its

B．which D．whose 解析： 句意为：那座在暴风雨中屋顶受损的古庙现在正在维修当中。本题考查定语从句的用法。此句先行词是the old temple，代入定语从句后为：The_old_temple’s roof was damaged in a storm.由此可知先行词在定语从句中作定语，故用关系代词whose 引导。答案： D 3．The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people，many of________left their village homes for a better life in the city.A．whom

C．them

B．which D．those 解析： 句意为：近千人在这一小社区居住，他们当中很多都是从农村老家来城市寻求更好的日子的。本题考查定语从句。先行词为1,000 people，代入定语从句为many of 1,000 people left their village homes for a better life in the city，关系代词在从句中作介词of的宾语且指人，故用whom。

答案： A[来源:Z§xx§k.Com] 1．与定语从句中的动词构成搭配。

The man(who/whom/that)I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University.＝The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.在会议中我与他谈话的那个人是从北京大学来的。

注意： 但是在下面一句中for 不可以提前，因为look for 是动词词组。

This is the person(who/whom/that)you are looking for.[来源:Zxxk.Com][来源:学*科*网Z*X*X*K] 这就是你找的那个人。

2．与定语从句所修饰的先行词构成搭配。

He built a telescope，through which he could study the skies.他架起一架望远镜，通过它他可以研究天空。

In the dark street，there wasn’t a single person to whom she could turn for help.在漆黑的大街上没有一个人能为她提供帮助。

3．of＋which/whom表示所属关系。(表所属关系也可用whose)Recently I bought an ancient vase，the price of which(＝whose price)was very reasonable.最近我买了个古代的花瓶，它的价钱很合理。

1.(2011·龙岩检测)At 13，Samuel received a training course in drawing for three years，________he got a good opportunity for further development.A．after that

C．after it

B．after which D．after this 解析： 考查定语从句。after which he got a good opportunity for further development 是非限制性定语从句。答案： B 2．Wind power is an ancient source of energy ________ we may return in the near future.A．on which

C．to which

B．by which D．from which 解析： 句意为：风力是很古老的一种能源，不久的将来我们也许会再利用它。考查定语从句。return to重新利用，属于固定搭配。故排除含有介词on，by 和from 的A、B、D项。答案： C 3．(2011·东北三校一模)There are 51 students in Class Three，________failed in the test.A．all of which

B．all of them

C．none of whom

D．none of them 解析： 考查定语从句。后半句是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词students，应用whom引导。因为前后两句之间没有并列连词，所以B、D两项不正确。答案： C point，situation，case等，从表面上看它们不是表地点的，但却表示类似地点的意义，因此它们作先行词时，如果引导词在从句中作状语，那么这个引导词要用where；如果不作状语，则用关系代词that/which。It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves different.(where 作状语)把孩子放在一个能使他们从另外一个角度认识自己的环境中对他们有益。

Now there is just one point that/which I wish you make quite clear.(which/that 作宾语)现在只有一点我希望你弄清楚。

1.(2011·云南检测)—Do you have anything to say for yourselves? —Yes，there’s one point________we must insist on.A．why

C．how

B．where D．/ 解析： the point 作介词on的宾语，因此应选用关系代词或者省略。答案： D 2． I have reached a point in my life________I am supposed to make decisions of my own.A．which

C．how

B．where D．why 解析： 句意为：我已经到了应该自己作决定的那个人生阶段。where 引导定语从句修饰先行词point。答案： B 3． The doctor said that the treatment would continue until the patient reached the point________he could walk correctly and safely.A．where

C．which

B．when D．that 解析： point 为先行词，后面为定语从句，在定语从句中walk 为不及物动词，从句不缺少宾语，且表时间故用when引导。句意为：医生说，病人的治疗要持续到他能够安全稳当地行走为止。答案： B 1．as 与which 都可以代指主句中的一部分或整个句子的内容，有时可以互换。He married her，as(which)was natural.很自然地，他和她结婚了。

(2009·山东卷)Whenever I met her，which was fairly often，she greeted me with a sweet smile.不管我何时遇见她，她都用甜甜的微笑迎接我，这是常事儿。2．但在下列情况下一般只能用as。

(1)as引导的定语从句可以放在句首，而which 则不能。

As we know，more than seventy percent of the earth is covered with water.正如我们所知，地球表面的70%以上被水覆盖。

(2)as 表示“正如，正像”，而which 无此意。

此时，as从句中常有know，expect，happen，point out，plan，suggest 等单词或短语。He came back home late，as we expected.正如我们所料，他回家晚了。

(3)当先行词被the same，such 修饰时，定语从句需用as引导。I bought the same book as you have.我买了一本跟你一样的书。

I’ll give you such things as you may need.我将给你你需要的东西。

He’ll marry as pretty a girl as he can find.他将与他能发现的最漂亮的女孩结婚。

(4)但是当先行词被the same修饰时，that 也可引导定语从句，但意义有所不同。the same...as(指同样或同类的)，the same...that(指同一个)This is the same watch as I lost.这块表与我丢的那块一样。This is the same watch that I lost.这就是我丢的那块表。

1.(2011·山东潍坊质量抽样)Her books were all over the dining table，________meant we had to eat in the kitchen.A．which

C．that

B．what D．it 解析： 句意为：她的书摆满了餐桌，这就意味着我们必须在厨房吃饭了。which 引导的是非限制性定语从句，代替主句所表达的整个内容。

答案： A 2．(2011·浙江金华一中月考)Mrs Black took the police back to ________ place________she witnessed the robbery.A．the same；that

B．the same；as C．the same；where

D．as the same；is 解析： 句意为：Black 夫人把警察带到她目睹抢劫案的那个地方。可见在以the same place 为先行词的定语从句中，从句缺少的是地点状语，因此用where。A、B两项中的引导词that，as均为关系代词，要在从句中作主语或宾语，故错误。答案： C 3．(2011·银川实验中学第一次月考)________is mentioned above，the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing.A．Which

C．That

B．As D．It 解析： as 引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在句首，which引导的定语从句不能放在主句的前面；that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。it 可以作形式主语，如果把句子中的逗号改为that，D项也正确。句意为：正像上文提到的那样，高中生的数量在增长。答案： B 4． After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling，________turned out to be a wise decision.A．that

B．which D．where C．when

解析： 句意为：大学毕业之后，我休息了一段时间去旅游，结果证明这是一个明智的决定。本题考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知第二个逗号后是一非限制性定语从句，排除A项；定语从句缺主语，排除C、D两项，先行词是逗号前的整个句子，所以B为正确答案。答案： B 5．(2011·黄冈检测)Beijing was attacked by such a terrible sandstorm ________few residents had ever experienced before.A．as

B．which D．that C．and it was

解析： 考查定语从句。as在此处为关系代词，作experienced 的宾语。答案： A

6． In China，the number of cities is increasing ________development is recognized across the world.A．where

C．whose

B．which D．that 解析： 句意为：在中国，城市的数量在快速地增加，其发展被世界所公认。考查定语从句。先行词为cities，代入定语从句后为：The cities’ development is recognized across the world.由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作定语，故用whose。答案： C 7． I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school________I met in the English speech contest last year.A．who

B．where D．which C．when

解析： 代入定语从句后为：I met several of the students in the English speech contest last year.由此可见先行词在定语从句中作宾语，先行词指人，故用who/whom/that引导，故答案为A。答案： A 8 That’s the new machine________parts are too small to be seen.A．that

B．which D．what C．whose

解析： 句意为：那台新机器的部件太小了，以至于都看不见。考查定语从句。先行词为the new machine，代入定语从句后为：the new machine’s parts are too small to be seen，可以看出the new machine 在定语从句中作定语，故用whose。答案： C 9． As a child，Jack studied in a village school，________is named after his grandfather.A．which

C．what

B．where D．that 解析： 句意为：小时候，杰克在一所乡村学校读书，那所学校是以他祖父的名字命名的。本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是a village school，代入定语从句后为：The village school is named after his grandfather.由此可见先行词在定语从句中作主语，且该从句为非限制性定语从句，故用which引导。答案： A 10． The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister________she would stay for an hour.A．where

C．which

B．who[来源:学,科,网] D．what 解析： 句意为：这个女孩准备在培训中心和她姐姐一起上钢琴课。在那里她将待一小时。本题考查定语从句。先行词为the training centre，从句中缺少地点状语，故选where。答案： A 11． I refuse to accept the blame for something ________was someone else’s fault.A．who

B．that C．as

D．what 解析： 句意为：我拒绝接受因为别人的错误而遭受的责备。本题考查定语从句关系词的选择。先行词在从句中作主语，而且为不定代词something，关系词只能用that。答案： B 12． The house I grew up________has been taken down and replaced by an office building.A．in it

B．in D．in which C．in that

解析： 分析句子结构可知house后面有一个限制性定语从句，而且定语从句的引导词已经省略，那么该引导词一定在定语从句中作宾语，所以此空中要填介词in，且其后不能再有宾语。答案： B 13． Gun control is a subject________Americans have argued for a long time.A．of which

B．with which C．about which

D．into which 解析： 句意为：枪支的控制是在美国争论了很长时间的一个话题。此题考查“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。先行词为subject，带入定语从句后为：Americans have argued about the subject for a long time.由此可知，先行词在定语从句中作about的宾语，介词about提前，故用关系代词which。答案： C 14．A person________e­mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e­mails.A．who

B．whom C．whose

D．whoever 解析： 句意为：一个人的电子邮件账户满了，就不能收发任何邮件了。此题考查定语从句。先行词为a person，代入定语从句后为：whose e-mail account is full.由此可见，whose在定语从句中作定语，是形容词性的，修饰名词。who作主语；whom作宾语；whoever连接代词，“无论谁”，用来引导名词性从句或状语

从句。答案： C 15． She brought with her three friends，none of ________I had ever met before.A．them

B．who D．these C．whom

解析：

句意为：她带了3个朋友过来，没有一个是我曾经见过的。此题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是her three friends，代入定语从句后为：I had ever met none of her three friends.而介词后指人时用关系代词whom。

答案： C 关系代词that与which的用法区别

(1)关系代词指代物，而引导词只用which不用that的情况： ①关系代词指物，作介词宾语的时候：

This is the question about which they have had so much discussion in the past few weeks.这是他们在过去几周讨论了多次的问题。

②关系代词指前面的整个句子，引导非限制性定语从句时： He failed in the exam，which made his father angry.他考试不及格，这使他父亲很生气。

(2)that和which都指物时，在下列四种情况下只能用that而不能用which：

①当先行词是all，everything，something，nothing，anything，much，little，few等不定代词时。There was little that I could do for you.我不能为你做什么。That is all that I want to say.那就是我想要说的。②当先行词被序数词和形容词最高级修饰时。

The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.在桂林他们所参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。This is the best film that I have ever seen.这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。

③当先行词被the very，the only，the just等修饰时。

This is the very dictionary that I want to buy.[来源:学#科#网Z#X#X#K] 这正是我要买的词典。

Mr Smith is the only foreigner that he knows.史密斯先生是他唯一认识的外国人。

④当人和物同时作先行词时。

Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? 你知道他们正在谈论的人和事吗？ ⑤当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。

Which is the bike that you lost？哪一辆是你丢失的自行车？ Who is the boy that won the gold medal？获金牌的小男孩是谁？ 介词＋关系代词

(1)介词＋关系代词中介词的宾语只能是which或whom。

The gentleman about whom you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.你昨天告诉我的那位绅士证实是小偷。In the dark street，there wasn’t single person to whom she could turn for help.在漆黑的大街上没有一个人能为她提供帮助。

(2)当复合介词短语＋which引导定语从句时，这种定语从句常与先行词用逗号隔开，从句用倒装语序。He lived in a big house，in front of which stood a big tall tree.他住在一所大房子里，房前有一棵大树。(3)介词＋which/who＋不定式结构。The poor man has no house in which to live.那个可怜的人没有房子住。

(4)of＋which/whom表示所属关系。(表所属关系也可用whose)Recently I bought an ancient vase，the price of which(＝whose price)was very reasonable.最近我买了个古代的花瓶，它的价钱很合理。关系代词as引导的定语从句

关系代词as既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句，as在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。

引导限制性定语从句常用于下列句式：

其中关系代词as在从句中担当主语、宾语或表语。We have found such materials as are used in their factory.我们已经找到了像他们工厂里用的那种材料。(as作主语)These houses are sold at such a low price as people expected.(as作宾语)这些房子以人们期望的低价出售。He is not the same man as he was.他和过去不同了。(as作表语)

注意：(1)such...as...(定语从句)像…… 那样[来源:学科网ZXXK] such...that...(状语从句)如此……以至于…… This is such an easy question as I can answer.(定语从句)这是一个我能回答的简单问题。This is such an easy question that I can answer it.(状语从句)这是个简单的问题，我能回答。(2)the same...as...表示相似的东西 the same...that...表示同一人或物

This is the same knife as I lost.这把小刀和我丢的那把一样。This is the same knife that I lost.这把小刀就是我丢的那一把。关系代词as，which的区别

(1)as引导的非限制性定语从句，既可在主句前，又可在主句后，有时还可插入主句中，而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能置于主句之后。相同的是两者都可替代主句的整个内容，而不是主句中的某一个词。The weather turned out to be very good，which was more than we could expect.(2)当非限制性定语从句放在主句前面时，只能用as。

As is known to everybody，the moon travels round the earth once every month.＝The moon travels round the earth once every month，as/which is known to everybody.＝It is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.＝What is known to everybody is that the moon travels round the earth once every month.后两句属名词性从句范畴。[来源:Z§xx§k.Com](3)as意为“正如……”，后面的谓语动词多是see，know，expect，say，mention，report，announce等；which意为“这一点”。

As is known to all，Edison invented the telephone.＝Edison invented the telephone，as is known to all.使用定语从句应注意的几个问题

(1)当先行词是way，意为“方式，方法”，在从句中作状语，则引导定语从句的关系词有以下三种： 我不喜欢他说话的方式。(2)注意区别先行词和引导词。①Is this＋名词＋the one ＋that从句 ②Is this the＋名词＋that从句

(3)当先行词是表示时间的名词时，应注意引导词在定语从句中的成分。

Do you still remember the days that/which we spent in Qingdao？你还记得我们一起在青岛度过的日子吗？ Do you still remember the days when we spent the summer holidays in Qingdao? 你还记得我们在青岛过暑假的日子吗？

(4)当先行词为case，point，position，situation等词且关系词在从句中作状语时，常用where引导定语从句。They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.他们已经到了必须彼此分手的地步。定语从句中的谓语动词与先行词保持一致

当引导定语从句的关系代词在从句中作主语时，那么定语从句中的谓语动词的数的形式应与先行词保持一致。

(1)one of＋复数名词＋关系代词＋复数动词

He is one of the students who pass the exam.(2)the only one of＋复数名词＋关系代词＋单数动词 He is the only one of the students who passes the exam.他是唯一通过考试的学生。

(3)其他情况

I，who am your teacher，will try my best to help you.我，你的老师，将尽力帮你。

Have you heard of the persons and things that are being talked about？你听说过正在被谈论的这些人和事吗？ 1． It’s helpful to put children in a situation________they can see themselves differently.A．that B．when D．where C．which

【解析】 句意为：把孩子放在一个能使他们从另外一个角度认识自己的环境中对他们有益。本题考查定语从句，先行词是situation，代入定语从句后为：They can see themselves differently in_the_situation.由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作状语，故用关系副词；而when表“时间”，不合本题要求，只有where符合本题要求。【答案】 D 2． Whenever I met her，________was fairly often，she greeted me with a sweet smile.A．who B．which D．that C．when

【解析】 此处考查which引导非限制性定语从句。句意为：无论何时我遇见她，她都会一如既往地向我 微笑。【答案】 B 3． The house I grew up________has been taken down and replaced by an office building.A．in it B．in D．in which C．in that

【解析】 分析句子结构可知house后面有一个限制性定语从句，而且定语从句的引导词已经省略，那么该引导词一定在定语从句中作宾语，所以此空中要填介词in，且其后不能再有宾语。【答案】 B 4． Gun control is a subject________Americans have argued for a long time.A．of which B．with which C．about which

D．into which 【解析】 句意为：枪支的控制是在美国争论了很长时间的一个话题。此题考查“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。先行词为subject，带入定语从句后为：Americans have argued about the subject for a long time.由此可知，先行词在定语从句中作about的宾语，介词about提前，故用关系代词which。【答案】 C 5． A person________e­mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails.A．who

C．whose

B．whom D．whoever 【解析】 句意为：一个人的电子邮件账户满了，就不能收发任何邮件了。此题考查定语从句。先行词为a person，代入定语从句后为：whose e-mail account is full.由此可见，whose在定语从句中作定语，是形容词性的，修饰名词。who作主语；whom作宾语；whoever连接代词，“无论谁”，用来引导名词性从句或状语从句。【答案】 C 6． She brought with her three friends，none of________I had ever met before.A．them B．who D．these C．whom

【解析】

句意为：她带了3个朋友过来，没有一个是我曾经见过的。此题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是her three friends，代入定语从句后为：I had ever met none of her three friends.而介词后指人时用关系代词whom。

【答案】 C

7． My friend showed me round the town，________was very kind of him.A．which

C．where

B．that D．it 【解析】 句意为：我的朋友真不错，他带我绕城转了一圈。本题was缺少主语，排除where；it不能引导定语从句，排除it；that不引导非限制性定语从句，排除that。[来源:学科网] 【答案】 A 8．I have reached a point in my life________I am supposed to make decisions of my own.A．which

C．how

B．where D．why 【解析】

句意为：我已经到了应该自己作决定的那个人生阶段。where引导定语从句修饰先行词point。【答案】 B 9． They’ve won their last three matches，________I find a bit surprising actually.A．that

C．what B．when

D．which 【解析】 句意为：他们已经赢得了最后三场比赛，我发现这确实有点令人惊讶。考查定语从句。先行词是前面整个句子，which引导非限制性定语从句，并在定语从句中作find的宾语。【答案】 D 10．Because of the financial crisis，days are gone________local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night.A．if B．when D．since C．which

【解析】 句意为：由于经济危机，在当地五星级酒店住一个晚上就要6 000元的日子一去不复返了。when local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night作days的定语，关系副词when在定语从句中作时间状语。【答案】 B 11． Many youth went to the Shanghai Science and Technology Museum on Nov.16,2009，________US President Barack Obama delivered a speech during his four-day state visit.A．which

C．where

B．in that D．that 【解析】 考查定语从句的用法。where引导的定语从句修饰先行词the Shanghai Science and Technology Museum。【答案】 C

12． “You’ll have to wait for two hours，________is，about 11∶30，________the medical report will come out，” the doctor said to me.A．that；when

C．that；before B．which；that D．which；when 【解析】 考查插入语和定语从句的用法。that is是插入语，意思是“也就是”；when引导的是定语从句，修饰前面的时间11∶30。【答案】 A 13．I don’t like the way________he often uses to speak to me.A．in which

C．which

B．how D．what[来源:Z*xx*k.Com] 【解析】 考查定语从句。which引导定语从句，修饰先行词way，而且which在从句中作uses的宾语。【答案】 C 14． John，________money is no problem，still leads a simple life.A．for whose

C．of whom B．of whose D．for whom 【解析】 考查定语从句。可以把定语从句部分变化成“Money is no problem for John”，这样便不难看出用介词for＋关系代词whom(指代John)来引导定语从句。【答案】 D 15．Nowadays，when people talk about magicians，the first one________comes into their mind is Liu Qian.A．whom C．that

B．which D．what 【解析】 考查定语从句。根据语境可知，空缺处应填一个关系代词且该关系代词在定语从句中充当主语且指人，先行词前有the first修饰，所以选that。【答案】 C 16． He didn’t put the things________they belonged，for________he got his punishment.A．which；that C．that；whose B．what；this D．where；which 【解析】 考查复合句。从句子结构看前半句中的从句是状语从句表示放东西的地方，因此使用where引导；后半句是非限制性定语从句，使用which指代前面整个句子的意思，这是which的典型用法。【答案】 D

17． All the neighbors admire this family，________the children and parents build up a friendly relationship.[来源:学_科_网] A．why B．where D．that C．which

【解析】 考查定语从句。句意为：所有的邻居都羡慕这个家庭，在这个家庭里父母和子女建立了和谐的关系。where在此处相当于in which，引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为this family。【答案】 B 18．Young people who have got jobs may realize university lessons can’t be the only preparation for all of the situations________appear in the working world.A．where C．that

B．when D．what 【解析】 本题考查定语从句。句意为：找到工作的年轻人也许会意识到大学的功课不足以应对工作中的所有情况。先行词是the situation，代入定语从句后为：The situations appear in the working world。【答案】 C 19． This term the students in our province are studying a new course called Life Guidance，________covers possible real life issues.A．whose

C．that

B．which D．what 【解析】 考查定语从句。which在句中引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Life Guidance。cover覆盖，涉及。【答案】 B 10． All________is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.A．what is needed B．for our needs C．the thing needed

D．that is needed 【解析】 考查定语从句。句意为：现在所需要的是基本生活必需品的不断的供应。在该句中，主语部分含有一个定语从句，先行词是all，在主句中作主语，因此要用关系代词that。all that is needed＝what is needed。【答案】 D 11．As to the unemployment，the government has taken a series of measures in many areas，________，I am sure，will benefit the people out of work.A．which

C．what B．that D．where 【解析】 考查非限制性定语从句。which引导的从句修饰前面整个句子，I am sure为插入语。【答案】 A 12． The days are gone________we studied together at college，but I can still remember your lovely voice.A．which C．that

B．in which D．when 【解析】 考查定语从句。when引导定语从句，修饰先行词the days，在定语从句中充当状语。【答案】 D

13．________is often the case with elder people，my grandma talked about my new hairstyle for at least 50 minutes nonstop.A．That C．As B．Which D．It 【解析】 考查定语从句。as此处引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面的内容。as意为“正如”。【答案】 C 14． Safety in school has been of great concern because of frequent reports about accidents________students got injured or killed while in school.A．in which

B．for which C．which

D．when 【解析】 该题考查从句。该句中的which是引导词，引导定语从句修饰先行词accidents。句意为“由于学生在学校受伤或死亡的不断报道，学校安全成为一个重要问题”。【答案】 A 15．Everyone has periods in their lives________everything seems very hard.A．when

C．which

B．where D．that 【解析】 考查定语从句。关系副词when指代先行词periods，且在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于during which。【答案】 A

16．(2011·天津十校联考)Patience，without________you can’t do the work well，is a kind of quality.A．that

B．it

C．which

D．what 解析： 句意为：耐心是一种品质。没有了耐心，你不能做好工作。此处考查了定语从句中“介词＋which”的情况，which指代的是先行词patience。

答案： C 17． The owner wanted to charge $5,000 for his car，________I managed to lower to $3,500.A．since

C．which

B．what D．that 解析： 关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中充当lower 的宾语，而that不能引导非限性定语从句。

答案： C 18．(2011·安徽合肥第一次质检)I still can’t believe my eyes when I remember the scene________the best player should miss the pass.A．that

C．where

B．which D．how 解析： where 引导定语从句修饰先行词scene，where在从句中作状语。句意为：当我记起当时那个最好的选手没有过关时，我简直不敢相信我的眼睛。

答案： C 19．(2011·北京东城期末目标检测)________was reported in the paper，people in mainland China sent disaster relief materials to help the flooded area in Taiwan Island.A．It

C．As

B．That D．What 解析： 选择定语从句的引导词的关键是：在主句中找出先行词。该句中定语从句的先行词是后面的整个句子people in mainland China sent disaster relief materials to help the flooded area in Taiwan Island.答案： C 20．(2011·青岛联合模拟)China’s new food law provides for a food recall system ________producers have to stop production if their food isn’t up to standards.A．where

C．when

B．that D．which 解析： 考查定语从句。句意为：中国新的食品法规定了食品召回制度，即如果食品达不到标准，生产者就必须停止生产。先行词为a food recall system，定语从句为producers have to stop production if their food isn’t up to standards(in the food recall system)，故选A。

答案： A 21． Our teacher urges us to form a good habit of learning，________we think will benefit us in the long term.A．what

B．that

C．which

D．who 解析： 本题考查定语从句。本题属于非限制性定语从句，从句意可知关系代词指代a good habit of learning，在从句中作主语，因此选择which。

答案： C 22．(2011·福建龙岩检测)Remember that there is still one point________we must make clear at the conference tomorrow.A．where

C．when

B．why D．that 解析： 考查定语从句。解定语从句题的关键是：在主句中找出先行词，该句的先行词是one point，然后把先行词“代入”从句中，判断其在从句中的“地位”和“作用”，这里先行词在从句中作make clear的宾语，所以用关系代词that/which引导定语从句并在从句中作宾语，据此选D项。

答案： D 23．She’s in a hopeless situation，________we will keep a very close eye on.A．where

C．which

B．when D．that 解析： 考查定语从句。定语从句的解题关键是：在主句中找出先行词，该句的先行词是a hopeless situation，然后把先行词“代入”从句中，判断其在从句中的“地位”和“作用”，此处关系词在从句中作on的宾语，同时这里又是非限制性定语从句，所以应该用关系代词which，选C项。

答案： C 24．I admire my English teacher.I can remember very few occasions ________she stopped working because of ill health.A．that

C．where

B．when D．which 解析： 考查定语从句。根据语意“我记得她很少因生病而停止工作”可知，定语从句引导词在从句中作状语，故用when。

答案： B 25．(2011·海南五校联考)The moment________John will never forget is________Mr Smith gave him a lot of valuable advice on how to improve his writing.A．that；that

C．when；that

B．that；when D．when；when 解析： 考查从句引导词。第一空用that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词The moment；第二空用when引导表语从句，并在从句中作时间状语，故答案为B。

答案： B 26．(2010·福建四地六校第三次联考)I don’t like the way________he often uses to speak to me.A．in which

B．how

C．which

D．what 解析： 考查定语从句。which引导定语从句，修饰先行词way，而且which在从句中作uses的宾语。答案： C 27． John，________money is no problem，still leads a simple life.A．for whose

C．of whom

B．of whose D．for whom 解析： 考查定语从句。可以把定语从句部分变化成“Money is no problem for John”，这样便不难看出用介词for＋关系代词whom(指代John)来引导定语从句。

答案： D 28．(2010·苏州模拟)He didn’t put the things________they belonged，for________he got his punishment.A．which；that

C．that；whose

B．what；this D．where；which 解析： 考查复合句。从句子结构看前半句中的从句是状语从句表示放东西的地方，因此使用where引导；后半句是非限制性定语从句，使用which指代前面整个句子的意思，这是which的典型用法。

答案： D 29．(2010·浙江嘉兴二模)All the neighbors admire this family，________the children and parents build up a friendly relationship.A．why

C．which

B．where D．that 解析： 考查定语从句。句意为：所有的邻居都羡慕这个家庭，在这个家庭里父母和子女建立了和谐的关系。where在此处相当于in which，引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为this family。

答案： B 30．(2010·日照二模)As to the unemployment，the government has taken a series of measures in many areas，________，I am sure，will benefit the people out of work.A．which

C．what

B．that D．where 解析： 考查非限制性定语从句。which引导的从句修饰前面整个句子，I am sure为插入语。答案： A

第四篇：高中英语语法倒装总结全

倒 装 句

倒装的两种考法：

1.放在单项选择题中，考查考生的倒装语法知识是否熟练掌握； 2.放在完形填空和阅读理解中，设置理解障碍。倒装的两种形式：

1.完全倒装： 将整个谓语动词提到主语前。

2.部分倒装：即半倒装，将谓语的一部分即助动词提到主语前。

一、完全倒装

1】表方位的副词here, there 或out, in, up, down, away, off, over, back等标志词放在句首，句子用完全倒装。【翻译句子】

(1)车来了。Here comes the bus.(2)铃响了。There goes the bell.(3)孩子们冲出来了。Out rushed the children.(4)那个男孩离开了。Away went the boy.【疑难】 Here it is.In she came.Away he went.【疑难剖析】当主语是人称代词时，主谓语序不变。

2】地点状语放在句首且谓语动词为come, live, lie, go, sit, stand等时用完全倒装。【完成例句】

(5)河的南面有一家小工厂。In south of the river lies a small factory.(6)山谷里传来一声喊叫。From the valley came a cry.3】 such, the following等放句首时，句子要完全倒装。【翻译句子】

(7)Such are the facts.情况就是如此。(8)生活就是这样。Such is life.(9)The following is the answer to the question.这个问题的答案如下。4】There lie / exist / stand / live ＋主语＋…是there be 句型的变式 【翻译句子】

(10)山顶上有一幢高楼。There is a tall building on the top of the mountain.(11)山顶上耸立着一座古塔。There stands an ancient tower on the top of the mountain.5】“表语＋系动词＋主语”的结构。【例句观察】

Present at the party were Mr.Green and many other guests.出席晚会的有格林先生，还有一些别的宾客。

Seated on the ground are a group of young men.坐在地上的是一群年轻人。【注意】此时，主语较长，可还原为正常语序即：主＋系动词＋表语。

二、部分倒装 将情态动词、助动词、be提到主语前。(通常可以还原为正常的语序，并以此检验倒装句是否正确。)1】含有否定意义的副词或短语如：few, little, never, not, nowhere, rarely, seldom, at no time, by no means, in no case等放在句首时，需用部分倒装。【翻译句子】

(12)Little does he know about the news.他对这消息知之甚少。

(13)By no means can he catch up in such a short time.他根本不可能在这么短的时间里赶上来。【疑难1】

He is active in personality, and he seldom stays indoors.(无助动词)He is active in personality, and seldom does he stay indoors.(添加does)【疑难剖析1】若原句中没有助动词，必须根据谓语动词的具体时态来确定相应的助动词do, does 或did。【完成例句】

(14)— 我有大量的工作要做。

— I've got an enormous amount of work to do.— 我也是。—So have I.(15)他，和他全家人一样，相信你是无辜的。

He believed, as did all his family, that you were innocent.(16)如果她不同意这个计划，Tom也不会同意。If she doesn„t agree to the plan, neither will Tom.2】so / as / neither / nor 为标志词放在句首时，句子用倒装。

①表示前面所说的肯定情况，也适合于另一人或物时，句式如下： so / as ＋ be(助动词或情态动词)＋ 主语。

②表示前面所说的否定情况也适合于另一人或物时，句式如下： neither(nor)＋ be(助动词或情态动词)＋ 主语。

【特别提醒】

① “so ＋主语＋助动词(或be动词)”表示对上文肯定的内容加以肯定或赞同，意为“的确如此”；

— It's raining hard.天下着大雨。

— So it is.是的。

② “主语＋did ＋so”表示：“主语”这样做了。例如：

Tom asked me to go to play football with him and I did so.Tom要我去踢足球，我去了。

3】①“only ＋ 状语(或状语从句)”放在句首时，句子用部分倒装。

②only之后跟的不是状语时不可倒装。【完成例句】

(17)你只有用这种方法才能学好英语。Only in this way can you learn English well.(18)只有他有时间的话他才会来。Only if he has time will he come here.(19)他被请了3次才来开会。Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.(20)Only that boy can work out the problem.只有那个男孩才能解答出这个问题。(21)Only socialism can save China.只有社会主义才能救中国。4】在if引导的虚拟语气条件句中，从句谓语有助动词were, had, should时，可将if 省略，而把 were, had, should 移到句首。【翻译句子】

(22)如果我是你，我就不会那样做。Were I you, I wouldn't do that.【特别提醒】

①若从句是否定句，则必须将 not放在主语后。② had必须是助动词。

5】在 “so…that” 和 “ such…that”结构中，将“so＋adj.”和“such＋n.”提到句首时，句子用部分倒装。【完成例句】

(23)暴风雨如此厉害，整个屋顶都被吹掉了。

So terrible was the storm that the whole roof was blown off.(24)杰克是如此聪明的孩子，他能解答所有这些难题。

Such a clever boy was Jack that he was able to work out all these difficult problems.6】often, always, once, many a time, now and then, every the other day, then等状语位于句首时，句子部分倒装。【完成例句】

以前我经常提到他。

Often did I speak of him.他常常帮助我做实验。

Many a time has he helped me with my experiment.7】在not…until…, no sooner…than…, scarcely/hardly…when, not only…but also…, neither…nor…,等否定词开头的句式中。【完成例句】

约翰知道昨天才改变了主意

Not until yesterday did John change his mind.她一坐下，电话就响了。

Hardly had she sat down when the phone rang.他没去拜访她，他也不会这样做。

Neither has he called on her,nor will he do so.她不但说的正确，而且说的流利。

Not only did she speak correctly, but also she spoke fluently.8】当as /though引导让步状语从句时，可出现“N/adj/adv/分词+as +S+V”或“V+as+S+助动词”的倒装形式。当表语是名词时，名词前不加任何冠词。【完成例句】

尽管他们很勇敢，但这样的危险仍使他们感到畏惧。Brave as they were, the danger made them afraid.尽管他是孩子，但是他知道的很多。Child as he is, he knows a lot of things.虽然尝试了，但是她打不开门。

Try as she might, she couldn‟t get the door open.8】当may 放句首，表达祝愿时，句子倒装。May you succeed.

第五篇：高中文言文倒装句式

《高中文言文倒装句式》总结讲解

高中文言文倒装句式包含：主谓倒装 宾语前置 定语后置 介词结构作状语后置)现代汉语的句子成分的顺序，一般为“主─谓─宾”“定（状）─中心词”，但在文言文中，在一定条件下，句子成分的顺序会发生变化的，这就是古汉语中的所谓倒装句，即指文言文中一些句子成分的顺序出现了前后颠倒的情况。主要有以下几种表现形式：

(一)主谓倒装

古汉语中，谓语的位置也和现代汉语中一样，一般放在主语之后，但有时为了强调和突出谓语的意义，在一些疑问句或感叹句中，就把谓语提前到主语前面。如：“甚矣，汝之不惠！”（《愚公移山》）实际上是“汝之不惠甚矣！”

(二)宾语前置

文言文中，动词或介词的宾语，一般置于动词或介词之后，但在一定条件下，宾语会前置，其条件是： 第一、疑问句中，疑问代词作宾语，宾语前置。

这类句子，介词的宾语也是前置的。如：“沛公安在？”（《史记．项羽本记》）这种类型的句子关键是作宾语的疑问代词（像：谁、何、奚、曷、胡、恶、安、焉等）。值得注意的是，介词“以”的宾语比较活跃，即使不是疑问代词，也可前置。如：“余是以记之，以俟观人风者得焉。”（柳宗元《捕蛇者说》）其中的“是”是一般代词，但也前置了。

第二、文言否定句中，代词作宾语，宾语前置。这类句子有两点要注意，一是否定句（一般句中必须有“不”、“未”“毋”、“无”、“莫”等否定词）；二是代词作宾语。如：“时人莫之许也。”（陈寿《三国志．诸葛亮传》）正常语序应该是“时人莫许之也。” 第三、用“之”或“是”把宾语提前取动词前，以突出强调宾语。这时的“之”只是宾语前置的标志，没什么实在意义。如：“句读之不知，惑之不解。”（韩愈《师说》）有时，还可在前置的宾语前加上一个范围副词“唯”，构成“唯......是......”的格式。如：“唯利是图”、“唯

命是从”等。第四、介词宾语前置的情况除去第一种情况外，还有一种情况，就是方位词、时间词作宾语时，有时也前置；例如：“业文南向坐。”（《史记．项羽本记》）意思是“业文面向南坐。”

(三)定语后置

文言文中，定语的位置一般也在中心词前边，但有时为了突出，中心词的地位，强调定语所表现的内容，或使语气流畅，往往把定语放在中心词之后，并用“者”结句，形成“中心词＋后置定语＋者”或“中心词＋之＋后置定语＋者”的形式。如：“求人可使报秦者，未得。”（《史记．廉颇蔺相如列传》）以及：“石之铿然有声者，所在皆是也。”（苏轼《石钟山记》）等。应注意的是，文言文中定语后置只限于表示修饰关系的句子，表领属关系的定语则不后置。

(四)介词结构作状语后置

介词结构即介宾短语，文言文中常见的是用“以”、“于”组成的介宾短语，作状语后置有以下

几种情况：

第一、用介词“于”组成的介宾短语在文言文中大都处在补语的位置，译成现代汉语时，除少数仍作补语外，大多数都要移到动词前作状语。

如：“青，取之于蓝，而青于蓝。”（荀子《劝学》）两个“于蓝”在翻译时，都要放在动词前

做状语。

第二、介词“以”组成的介宾短语，在今译时，一般都作状语。

如：“具告以事。”（《史记．项羽本记》）即“以事具告。”这种句子往往是承前省略了动词

宾语，实际就是“以事具告（之）。” 还有一种要注意，介词“乎”组成的介宾短语在补语位置时，在翻译时，可视情况而定其成分。如：“生乎吾前，其闻道也固先乎吾。”（韩愈《师说》）句子中的“生乎吾前”既可译为“在我的前面出生”，作状语，又可译为“生在我的前面”，作补语，一般来说仍作补语，而“固先

乎吾”的“乎吾”则一定要作状语。

文言文倒装句式做题三技巧：

技巧一：

用 “是”或“之”作为提宾标志。技巧二：否定句中代词作宾语时，宾语前置。高中文言文中常见的否定词：不、莫、勿、弗、未 高中文言文中常见的代词：之、余、吾、已、自、汝、尔

技巧三：

在疑问句中疑问代词作宾语时，宾语前置。

高中文言文中疑问代词有“谁、曷、恶、安、焉、何、奚、孰、胡”等。