第一篇：河南专升本考试英语语法系列复习专题——动词时态,被动语态
一、一般现在时
1.一般现在时表示经常发生、习惯性动作、客观真理、科学事实、格言，目前的特征、状态、能力等。
2.主句是一般将来时,时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。如：
I’ll go there after I finish my work./ If it rains tomorrow,I won’t go there.3.在以here,there开头的句子里，go,come等少数动词的一般在时表示正在发生的动作。例如：There goes the bell.铃响了。There comes the bus.汽车来了。Here she comes.她来了。
二、现在进行时
1.表示正在进行的动作。
2.表示按计划安排即将发生的动作。例如：She is leaving for Beijing.她要去北京。
He is working as a teacher tomorrow.从明天起他要做老师。My father is coming to see me this Saturday.这个星期六我爸爸要来看我。
3.代替一般现在时，描绘更加生动。例如：The Changjiang River is flowing into the east.江水滚滚向东流。The sun is rising in the east.太阳从东方冉冉升起。
4.大多数动词可用于进行时，但也有些动词不用于进行时。常见的有：exist,live,understand,mean,owe,belong to ,know,doubt,suppose,remember,forget, believe,trust,want,wish,refuse,like,hate,dislike,prefer,mind,hope等。
三、现在完成时
1.表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果，或说话时已完成的动作。例如：I have finished the report./ She has cleand the room.2.表示从过去开始，待续到现在的动作或状态，往往和“for…”, “since…”表述的一段时间状语连用。例如：He has learned English for six years./ They have worked here since they left college.3.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别： 1）用两种时态来表述发生在过去的某一动作，现在完成时强调这一过去动作对现在产生的影响或结果，而一般过去时只表达过去的动作或状态，和现在关系不 大。例如：She has cleaned the room.It’s very clean now.(此句has cleaned就不能改为cleaned.一是因为cleaned与现状无关，二是因为一般过去时不可突然跳到It’s…这样的一般现在时。)2）汉语中的“了”、“过”、“曾”等词常用完成表达，如：I have seen that film.（我看过那部电影了。）但是如果是在特定的过去时间“看了”、“做过”，就不可用完成时而必须用一般过去进来表达。例如：When did you see that film? I saw it yesterday.(你什么时候看了那部电影？我昨天看的。)不能说：When have you seen that film?I have seen it yesterday.4.表示“曾经到过某地（人已回来）”用“have/has been to”,表示“到某地去了（还未回来）”用“have/has gone to”.例如：
——Where is Li Hua? －He has gone to the reading-room.——She knows a lot about Shanghai.－She has been there.5.短暂动词（即瞬间动词），join,lose,buy,borrow,leave,go,come,arrive,die,marry，finish,complete,begin,start,break out等，在完成时态中，其肯定式不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。例如不能说：He has finished the work for three hours.要翻译“他已完成工作三小时了。”可采用1）“ago法”：He finished the work three hours ago.2）“延续法”：He has been through(with)the work for three hours.3）“since法”：It is/has been three hours since he finished the work.四、现在完成进行时
1.用来表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在（或今后还要继续一去）的动作。例如：He has been doing the maths problems since 8:00./ It has been raining for two days.2.凡是不能用于现在进行时的动词均不能用于现成完成进行时。五、一般过去时
表达特定的过去时间内发生的动作或存在的状况，或过去某一时间内经常发生或反复发生的动作或行为。
六、过去进行时
1.表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作（这一过去时间须用时间状语表示）。例如：He was preparing his lecture all day yesterday.2.表示动作在另一过去动作发生时进行。例如：They were still working when I left.3.用在两个过去进行时动作同时发生。例如：I was writing while he was watching TV.4.表示过去将来动作。例如：He said she was arriving the next day.七、过去完成时
1.表示在过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作。例如：He had shut the door before the dog came up./ Everything had been all right up till this morning.2.表示动作或状态从过去某个时刻开始一直延续到另一个过去时刻才完成，甚至还要继续下去。例如：At the age of ten,he had learned 500 English words.He had been ill for a week when we learned about it.3.常用hope,expect,think,intend,want,suppose等动词的过去完成时来表示未实现的希望、打算或意图。例如：We had expected that you would be able to win the match.八、一般将来时
一般将来时表示将来要发生的动作和存在的状况。有下列一些形式：
1.will/shall do（侧重将来行为，不突出计划安排去做某事）
2.be going to do(主观上打算或客观上可能发生)
3.be doing(按计划将要发生，常和表示最近的将来时间连用)
4.be about to do(按计划即将发生)
九、将来完成时
用来表示在将来某个时刻（前）将完成的动作。常和by短语，when,before引起的时间状语连用。例如：We will have finished senior Book 2 by the end of this term.时态考点分析
1．——Can I join your club,dad?
——You can when you______a bit older.A.get B.will get C.are getting D.will have got 析：“You can”是将来意，when引导的时间状语从句要用一般现在时表将来所以此题答案为A.2．——Oh,it’s you!I______you.——I’ve just had my hair cut and I’m wearing new glasses.A.didn’t recognize
B.hadn’t recognized
C.haven’t recognized D.don’t recongnize
析：从“Oh,it’s you!”可知说话时已认出对方。“没有认出”是在此之前为过去情况，所以应选A.3.I don’t think Jim saw me;he______into space.A.just stared B.was just staring C.has just stared D.had just stared 析：在空白处应选一个与“saw”相配，能解释Jim didn’t see me 这一原因的选项，只有着眼于A、B。若选A不能体观他“当时正在做”某事，故排除A而选B。这样因为“他正在望宇宙天空”所以“未看到我”。4.——______my glasses? ——Yes,I saw them on your bed a minute ago.A.Do you see B.Had you seen C.Would you see D.Have you seen 析：现在完成时可表过去发生的事情对现在产生的影响或结果，问话人以这样的时态发问可作现焦急的心情。故答案为D。
5.You don’t need to describe her.I______her several times.A.had met B.have met C.met D.meet 析：答案B。道理同4。
6.——Do you know our town at all? ——No,this is the first time I______here.A.was B.have been C.came D.am going 析：根据this/it is the first/second/…time sb.has done sth.句型，可定答案为B。又如：This is the second time he has visited the Great Wall.7.I don’t really work here.I______until the new secretary arrives.A.just help out
B.have just helped out
C.am just helping out D.will just help out
析：根据I don’t really work here.以及…until the new secretary arrives,可知说话人所要做的事是计划安排行为，C、D两个选项都表将来动作，但D非计划安排，C则体现按计划去做，所以此题答案为C。
8.——Is this raincoat yours? ——No,mine______there behind the door.A.is hanging B.has hung C.hangs D.hung 析：此题的“悬挂”是指现状而言，故表过去“挂”的B、D项可排除。C项虽指“现在挂”，但侧重在常规，习惯。为了突出“你所指的那件雨衣不是我的，我的正挂在门后”这一意思，选A是极为合情理的。
被动语态
一、被动语态的句型
1.常见句式是：主语（受动者）＋be＋过去分词＋（by＋施动者）
例如：He was scolded by the English teacher.2.主语＋get＋过去分词＋其它成分
例如：The boy got drowned last summer./ She got fired because of her faults.注意：使用这种结构不能带有“by＋施动者”
被动：1）I was lent a bike(by her).
3.带有双宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语）的主动句变为动句，其主语可以是直接宾语，也可以是间接宾语。例如：She lent me a bike.2）A bike was lent to me(by her).4.情态动词＋be＋过去分词
例如：This problem must be worked out in half an hour.5.双重被动式：主语＋被动式谓语＋不定式的被动式＋其它成分
例如；These magazines are not allowed to be taken out of the reading-room./The murderer was ordered to be shot.二、主动表示被动的几种情况
1.不及物动词与状语连用，用以表示主语的品质和状态。常见动词 是：cut,sell,read,write,fill,cook,lock,wash,drive,keep等。例如：This knife cuts well.这把刀好切。These books sell well.这些书好卖。The pen writes smoothly.这支笔写起来流畅。Meat won’t keep long in such hot weather.肉在这样热的天气里放不长久。The cloth washes well.这种布好洗。
2.一些连系动词的主动式＋形容词。常见动look,smell,taste,sound,feel,prove,turn out等。例如：The apples taste good./The flower smells wonderful./The news proved/turned out true./Cotton feels soft.注：prove也可用于被动式，如：His answer(was)proved right.3.不定式在某些形容词之后，且与主语有动宾关系。常见形容词 有：hard,defficult,easy,heavy,fit,good,comfortable,convenient,impossible等。例如：The problem is easy to do./The question is difficult to answer./The box is heavy to carry./The project is impossible to complete in a year.比较：The problem is to be done./The question is to be answered.没有形容词时，虽然不定式与主语是动宾关系，但必须用被动式。
三、容易误用被动语态的几种情况：
1.I teach myself French.不可变为Myself is taught French.因为反身代词不可作主语。
2.We help each other/one another.不可变为Each other/One another is helped by us.因为相互代词不可作主语。
3.He lost heart.不可变为Heart was lost by him.因为象lose heart,make a face,keep silence,lose in thought这类动宾结构的固定短语只能用于主动式，不能用被动式。
4.She took part in the sports meet.不能变为The sports meet was taken part in by her.因为象take part in,belong to ,own,have,hate,fail,contain等表状态动词没有被动语态。
被动语态考点分析
1.I need one more stamp before my collection______.A.has completed B.completes C.has been completed D.is completed 析：complete是及物动词，“邮集”是被人完成的，须从表被动意的C、D中选择。又因before等引导的时间状语从句中谓语要用一般现在时表将来，所以此题答案为D。2.——Do you like the material?
——Yes,it______very soft.A.is feeling B.felt C.feels D.is felt 析：观察题干，空白线后无宾语，可知feel是不及物动词，表“（某物）摸起来…”意思,是连系动词，不能用于被动式，也不用进行时。根据此题对话情景，是指某种材料的常规特性，要用一般现在时，不能用过去时，故答案为C。feel作“感觉”、“认为”、“摸”等意时是及物动词，可带宾语，有时态，语态等 变化。
3．Great changes______in the city,and a lot of factories______.A.have been taken place…have been set up
B.have taken place…have been set up
C.have taken place…have set up
D.were taken place…were set up
析：take place（发生）是不及物动词，不可用于被动语态，于是可排除A、D，又因set up(建造)是及物动词，在此题中应该用被动式，故排除C，答案为B。4.Most of the artists______to the party were from South Africa.A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.had been invited 析：首先可排除B。因为它不表示“被邀请”。又因D项少引导词who，也应排除。A项＝who were invited,C项＝who were being invited,由象invite这类短暂动词的现在分词被动式不可作后置定语，故也应排除。因而可定答案为A。
5.I don’t know the restaurant,but it’s______to be quite a good one.A.said B.told C.spoken D.talked 析：根据“某人/某物据说…”英文句式为“sb/sth.is said…”可定答案为A。又如：He is said to be a clever boy.据说他是一个聪明的男孩。
6.The police found that the house______and a lot of things______.A.has broken into…has been stolen B.has broken into…had been stolen
C.has been broken into…stolen
D.had been broken into…stolen 析：“房屋被人闯入”，“东西被偷”都是被动语态，故可排除A、B。因C项中的has been broken into不能置于found之后，则答案只能是D。7.I promise that the matter will______.A.be taden care B.be taken care of C.take care D.take care of 析：take care of…是固定短语，若无of则不可带宾语，只能跟that从句。所以此题答案为B。8.If city noises______from increasing,people____shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now.A.are not kept…will have to
B.are not kept…have to
C.do not keep…will have to
D.do not keep…have to
析：观察题干，第一处必须用被动式，答案只能在A、B中选一。条件句用一般现在时，主句应为一般将来时，故答案为A。
9.The Olympic Games,____in 776 BC,did not include women players until 1912.A.first playing B.to be first played C.first played D.to be first playing 析；要表达“被举行”，只能在B、C中选。B意“将要首次举行”。显然不合in 776 BC这一过去时间，只有C，first played(＝which was first played)才合用。故答案为C。10.This sentence needs______.A.a improvement B.improve C.improving D.improved 析：初看此题似手A、C皆可，但improvement是元音开头词，其前要用an,故排除。need作实义动词，和require,want一样，后面 可跟doing或to be done 表“需要被…”意。如：The door needs/wants/requires painting/to be painted.(这扇门需要漆一下。)11.I should very much like to have gone to the party,but I______invited.A.am not B.haven’t been
C.was not D.will not be 析：should/would like to have done sth.意“本想做某事”，例如：I should like to have seen the film,but it wasn’t possible.由于这种句式表示“过去想”，所以but后的句子也应该是过去时态与之相配合，故此题答案是C。
12.——______the note______to Mr Smith?
——No,It is still in my pocket.A.Is…being given B.Was…given C.Has…been given D.Hasn’t…been given
析：根据问句与答句，问话人显然是注重结果，故要用现在完成时。似乎D作为反诘句“难道条还没给史密斯先生吗？”也成立，但若是这种口气发问，答话人就应答“Sorry.It is still in my pocket.”,所以此题答案应为C。
13.We heard it______that he had gone to New York.A.say B.said C.to say D.be said 析：It was said that…可以改为We heard it said that…(都表示“据说…”之意)。前一种说法中It 是形式主语，后一种说法中it是形式宾语。故此题答案为B。
动词时态、语态专练
1.The maths problem can be______.A.easy worked out B.easy to be worked out C.easily worked out D.easily to work out 2.Every possible means______,but none proves successful.A.has been tried B.tried C.is being tried D.has tried 3.The girl is to______a rich man.A.marry with B.be married C.marry to D.be married to 4.He received a telegram that______“Mother sick”.A.wrote B.says C.reads D.read 5.Who can you imagine______to his wedding party? A.inviting B.being invited C.was invited D.to be invited 6.I______ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.A.gave B.was given C.was giving D.had given 7.——Will somebody go and get Dr.White? ——He’s already been______.A.asked for B.sent for C.called for D.looked for 8.A conductor______to keep us in time in the singing yesterday.A.needs B.is needing C.was needed D.has been needed 9.When and where to build the new factory______yet.A.is not decided B.are not decided C.has not decided D.have not decided 10.Ways______to stop pollution by now.A.must find B.will be found C.are found D.have been found 11.I don’t want anything______about it.A.to say B.said C.saying D.having said 12.——______that the sports meet might be put off.——Yes,it all depends on the weather.A.I’ve been told
B.I’ve told
C.I’m told
D.I told 13.A library with five thousand books______to the nation as a gift.A.is offered B.has offered C.are offered D.have offered 14.Betty has never been heard _______ill of others.A.speak B.spoken C.to speak D.was said 15.Tom______to have delivered the speech in their theatre room.A.said B.says C.is said D.was said 16.——What do you think of the book?
——Oh,excellent.It’s worth______a second time.A.to read B.to be read C.reading D.being read 17.Little Jim should love______to the theatre this evening.A.to be taken B.to take C.being taken D.taking.18.______more attention,the trees could have grown better.A.Given B.to give C.Giving D.Having given
19.——where______the book?I can’t see it anywhere.——I______it right here but now it’s gone.A.did you put;have put
B.have you put;put C.had you put;was putting D.were you putting;have put 20.He would not fail so long as he______hard the next term.A.studied B.would study C.had studied D.studies 21.How long______the English party______? A.has;been lasted B.did;last C.was;lasted D.will;be lasted 22.What______you______this time next Friday? A.will;do B.have;been doing C.are;doing D.will;be doing 23.Hardly______the bell______when the teacher came in.A.did;ring B.would;ring C.has;rung D.had;rung 24.It______and the streets were still wet.A.had been raining B.rained C.had been rained D.would rain 25.The book______on the ground for ten minutes but no noe has picked it up.A.is lying B.has lain C.lay D.has been lying 26.We______there when it______to rain.A.were getting;would begin B.were about to get;began C.had got;had begun
D.would get;began 27.The teacher said we______ten lessons by the end of this term.A.should have studied B.were going to study C.have studied
D.should study 28.——she told me she had met you in London last year.——______you______her since? A.Had;met B.Did;see C.Would;meet D.Have;seen 29.——When______again?
——When he______,I’ll let you know.A.will he come;will come B.will he come;come C.he comes;comes
D.will he come;comes 30.Tom______for more than a week.A.has left B.had gone away C.went away D.has been away 31.——What happened to her teeth?
——She______the apple more than she could chew.A.has bitten B.bit C.had been bitting D.bites 32.Shakespeare was said______37 famous plays in his lifetime.A.finishing writing B.to finish writing
C.having written
D.to have written 33.——You’ve agreed to go.So why aren’t you getting ready?
——But I______that you______me to start at once.A.don’t realize;want
B.don’t realize;wanted
C.haven’t realized;want
D.didn’t realize;wanted 34.——I missed the lecture last night.——Oh,what a pity!I wish______.A.you heared it
B.you had heard it
C.you never heard it
D.you hadn’t heard it
35.I’ll return the book to the library as soon as I______it.A.finished B.am going to finish C.will finish D.have finished 36.——Your phone number again?I______quite catch it.——It’s 9586442.A.didn’t
B.couldn’t
C.don’t
D.can’t 37.——I’m sorry to keep you waiting.——Oh,not at all.I______here only a few minutes.A.have been B.had been C.was D.will be 38.When I was at college.I______three foreign languages,but I______all except a few words of each.A.spoke;had forgotten
B.spoke;have forgotten
C.had spoedn;had forgotten D.had spoken;have forgotten 39.The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she______.A.will arrive B.arrives C.is going to arrive D.is arriving 40.——Who is Jerry Cooper?
——______?I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting.A.Don’t you meet him yet
B.Hadn’t you met him yet
C.Didn’t you meet him yet D.Haven’t you met him yet 41.——We could have walked to the station.It was so near.——Yes,a taxi______at all necessary.A.wasn’t
B.hadn’t been
C.wouldn’t be
D.won’t be
42.We haven’t heard from Jane for a long time.What do you suppose______to her? A.was happening B.to happen C.has haqqend D.having happened 43.On Saturday afternoon,Mrs Green went to the market,______some bananas and visited her cousin.A.bought B.buying C.to buy D.buy 44.As she______the newspaper,Granny______asleep.A.read;was falling
B.was reading;fell
C.was reading;was falling D.read;fell 45.I______the bad cold for a week,still I can’t get rid of it.A.caught B.have caught C.have D.have had 46.I______the time______so quickly.A.didn’t realize;had passed
B.don’t realize;passed
C.haven’t realized;passed
D.hadn’t realized;had passed
47.——My watch______twelve o’clock.It’s so late.——Let’s hurry up.A.is said B.says C.is told D.tells 48.Helen______her key in the office so she had to wait her husband_____home.A.has left;comes B.left;had come C.had left;came D.had left;would come 49.The pen I______I______is on my desk,right under my nose.A.think;lost B.thought;had lost C.think;had lost D.thought;have lost 50.——Jane has just arrived.——I didn’t know she______.A.is coming B.was coming C.had been coming D.will come
动词时态、语态专练答案
1－5 C A D D C 6－10 B B C A D 21－25 B D D A D 26－30 B A D D D 41－45 A C A B D 46－50 A B C B B
－15 B A A C C 16－20 C A A B A 31－35 B D D B D 36－40 A A B B D 11
第二篇：内部资料高考英语语法复习系列-动词时态、被动语态讲与练
一、一般现在时
1.一般现在时表示经常发生、习惯性动作、客观真理、科学事实、格言，目前的特征、状态、能力等。2.主句是一般将来时,时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。If it rains tomorrow, I will not go there.3.在以here,there开头的句子里，go,come等少数动词的一般在时表示正在发生的动作。
There goes the bell.铃响了。There comes the bus.汽车来了。Here she comes.她来了。
二、现在进行时
1.表示正在进行的动作。
2.表示按计划安排即将发生的动作。She is leaving for Beijing.她要去北京。
He is working as a teacher tomorrow.从明天起他要做老师。
My father is coming to see me this Saturday.这个星期六我爸爸要来看我。3.代替一般现在时，描绘更加生动。
The Changjiang River is flowing into the east.江水滚滚向东流。The sun is rising in the east.太阳从东方冉冉升起。
4.大多数动词可用于进行时，但也有些动词不用于进行时。
常见的有：exist, live, understand, mean, owe, belong to, know, doubt, suppose, remember, forget, believe, trust, want, wish, refuse, like, hate, dislike, prefer, mind, hope等。
三、现在完成时
1.表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果，或说话时已完成的动作。I have finished the report./ She has cleand the room.2.表示从过去开始，待续到现在的动作或状态，往往和“for…”, “since…”表述的一段时间状语连用。He has learned English for six years./ They have worked here since they left college.3.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：
1）用两种时态来表述发生在过去的某一动作，现在完成时强调这一过去动作对现在产生的影响或结果，而
一般过去时只表达过去的动作或状态，和现在关系不大。She was very clean.She is very clean and she has cleaned the room.2）汉语中的“了”、“过”、“曾”等词常用完成表达，I have seen that film.我看过那部电影了
但是如果是在特定的过去时间“看了”、“做过”，就不可用完成时而必须用一般过去进来表达。When did you see that film? I saw it yesterday.(你什么时候看了那部电影？我昨天看的。)不能说：When have you seen that film?I have seen it yesterday.4.表示“曾经到过某地（人已回来）”用“have/has been to”, 表示“到某地去了（还未回来）”用“have/has gone to”.——Where is Li Hua? －He has gone to the reading-room.——She knows a lot about Shanghai.－She has been there.5.瞬间动词join,lose,buy,borrow,leave,go,come,arrive,die,marry,finish,complete,begin,start,break out 在完成时态中，其肯定式不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。(×)He has finished the work for three hours 他已完成工作三小时了。
1）“ago法”：He finished the work three hours ago.2）“延续法”：He has been through(with)the work for three hours.3）“since法”：It is/has been three hours since he finished the work.四、现在完成进行时
1.用来表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在（或今后还要继续一去）的动作。He has been doing the maths problems since 8:00.It has been raining for two days.五、一般过去时
表达特定的过去时间内发生的动作或存在的状况，或过去某一时间内经常发生或反复发生的动作或行为。
六、过去进行时
1.表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作（这一过去时间须用时间状语表示）。
He was preparing his lecture all day yesterday.2.表示动作在另一过去动作发生时进行。
They were still working when I left.3.用在两个过去进行时动作同时发生。
I was writing while he was watching TV.4.表示过去将来动作。
He said she was arriving the next day.七、过去完成时
1.表示在过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作。
He had shut the door before the dog came up./ Everything had been all right up till this morning.2.表示动作或状态从过去某个时刻开始一直延续到另一个过去时刻才完成，甚至还要继续下去。
At the age of ten,he had learned 500 English words.He had been ill for a week when we learned about it.3.常用hope,expect,think,intend,want,suppose等动词的过去完成时来表示未实现的希望、打算或意图。
We had expected that you would be able to win the match.八、一般将来时
一般将来时表示将来要发生的动作和存在的状况。有下列一些形式： 1.will/shall do（侧重将来行为，不突出计划安排去做某事）2.be going to do(主观上打算或客观上可能发生)3.be doing(按计划将要发生，常和表示最近的将来时间连用)4.be about to do(按计划即将发生)
九、将来完成时
用来表示在将来某个时刻（前）将完成的动作。常和by短语，when,before引起的时间状语连用。例如：We will have finished senior Book 2 by the end of this term.主动和被动
一、注意短语动词和含有情态动词的被动语态
That old man was often laughed at.那位老人常受人嘲笑。The doctor has been sent for.已经派人请大夫去了。Time must be made good use of.时间一定要充分利用。The plan will be given up.那计划就要被放弃了。Bad habits have been done away with.坏习惯已经改掉了。
He must be prevented from going.必须阻止他去。
二、get + 过去分词可以表示被动，此结构比较口语化
She got married last week.她上周结婚了。
The patient got treated once a week.那位病菌人一周得到一次治疗。He fell off the car and got killed.他从车上摔下来，摔死了。
三、主动形式表被动意义 系动词look, sound, feel, smell, taste, appear, seem, go, prove, turn, stay, become, fall, get, grow, keep + 形容词/名词构成系表结构。The steel feels cold.His plan proved(to be)practical.It has gone bad.表示开始、结束、运动的动词 begin, finish, start, open, close, stop, end, shut, run, move 等。Work began at 7 o’clock this morning.The shop closes at 6 p.m.every day.表示主语的某种属性特征的动词
read, write, act, iron, cut draw, drive, sell, wash, clean, wear, open, cook, lock, shut, dry, eat, drink
这类动词一般不单独使用，常用一个修饰语。
This coat dries easily.这种外衣容易干。Nylon cleans easily.尼龙容易洗干净。The door won’t lock.这门锁不上。
Food can keep fresh in a fridge.食物在冰箱里能保鲜。Your speech reads well.你的演说讲得好。
This material has worn thin.这个材料已经磨薄了。His book does not sell.他的书没有销路。Your pen writes smoothly.你的笔好写。This lock won’t catch.这锁锁不上。The match won’t catch.火柴擦不着。
The plan worked out wonderfully.这计划制定得很好。The recorder won’t play.这录音机不转。The engine won’t start.引擎发动不起来。This knife cuts well.这把刀子很快。The cloth washes well.这布很耐洗。少数动词用于进行时，其主动形式表示被动含义print, cook, fry, hang, build, make。
The books are printing.这本书正在排印中。The neat is cooking.肉在煮。
5．介词in, on, under 等+名词构成介词短语表被动意义
表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合用，其意义相当于该名词相应的被动形式，名词前不用冠词。under control(受控制)
under treatment(在治疗中)
under repair(在修理中)under discussion(在讨论中)
under construction(在施工中)
beyond belief(令人难以置信)for sale(出售)
in print(在印刷中)
in sight(在视野范围内)on sale(出售)
on show(展出)
on trial(受审)
out of control(控制不了)
out of sight(超出视线之外)
out of one’s reach(够不着)
The building is under construction(is being constructed).The rumor is beyond belief(= can’t be believed).His honest character is above all praise.(= His honest character cannot be praised enough.)That house is for sale.(= That house is to be sold.)The book is not yet in print(= is not yet printed).Today some treasures are on show in the museum(= are being showed).The plane was out of control(can’t be controlled).He took two days off within the teacher’s permission.6． 不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语：
fit, have, wish, cost, agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to
This key just fits the lock.Your story agrees with what had already been heard.
第三篇：英语语法—动词时态（推荐）
动词时态
英语语法中的时态（tense）是一种动词形式，不同的时态用以表示不同的时间与方式。动词时态是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。因此，当我们说时态结构的时候，指的是相应时态下的动词形式。
所谓“时”就是行为发生的时段或状态存在的时段，即：“现在、进行、过去、将来”四种；所谓“态”就是行为或状态发生时所呈现的状态，有一般状态、进行状态、完成状态和完成进行状态四种。由时态结合，便形成下列十六种时态： 一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，一般过去将来时； 现在进行时，过去进行时，将来进行时，过去将来进行时； 现在完成时，过去完成时，将来完成时，过去将来完成时；
现在完成进行时，过去完成进行时，将来完成进行时，过去将来完成进行时． 一般现在时
1.概念：表示经常发生的情况、有规律出现的情况、总是发生的事和事实真理。2.时间状语：Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week(day, year, month„），once a week(day, year, month„），on Sundays（on Mondays „）.3.基本结构：主语 + do/does +其他；（如主语为第三人称单数，动词上要改为第三人称单数形式）。
4.否定形式：主语 + am/is/are + not + 其他（此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't，如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词）。5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。6.例句：（1）It seldom snows here.这里很少下雪。
（2）He is always ready to help others.他总是乐于帮助别人。（3）Action speaks louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。一般过去时
1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
2.时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month„），in 1989,just now, at the age of 5,one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.3.基本结构：主语 + 动词的过去式或be的过去式+名词。
4.否定形式：主语 + was/were + not + 其他(在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词)。5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。6.例句：（1）She often came to help us in those days.那些天她经常来帮助我们。（2）I didn't know you were so busy.我不知道你是这么忙。一般将来时
1.概念：表示将要发生的动作、打算、计划或准备做某事。
2.标志：Tomorrow, soon, in a few minutes,，the day after tomorrow, etc.3.基本结构：（1）主语 + am/is/are + going to + do sth（2）主语 + will/shall + do + do sth 4.否定句：在系动词is/am/are或情态动词will/shall后加not 5.一般疑问句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。{首字母大写} 6.例句：They are going to have a competition with us in studies.他们将有一场比赛和我们一起研究。
It is going to rain.天要下雨了。一般过去将来时
1.概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。2.时间状语：The next day(morning , year„），the following month(week„），etc.3.基本结构：主语 + was/were + going to + do + 其它；主语 + would/should + do +其它 4.否定形式：主语 + was/were + not + going to + do;主语 + would/should + not + do.5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；would/should 提到句首。6.例句：（1）He said he would go to Beijing the next day.他说他第二天要去北京。（2）I asked who was going there.我问，谁要去那里。现在进行时
1.概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。2.时间状语：Now, at this time, days, etc.look, listen 3.基本结构：主语+ be + doing + 其它
4.否定形式：主语 + be + not +doing + 其它 5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。
6.例句：How are you feeling today? 你今天感觉如何？ He is doing well in his lessons.在课上他表现得很好。过去进行时
1.概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
2.时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
3.基本结构主语+was/were +doing +其它
4.否定形式：主语+was/were + not +doing+其它 5.一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。（第一个字母大写）
6.例句：At that time she was working in a PLA unit.那段时间她在人民解放军部队工作。When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.他进来时，我正在读报纸。将来进行时
1.概念：表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作，或表示要在将来某一时间开始，并继续下去的动作。常用来表示询问、请求等。
2.时间状语：Soon, tomorrow, this evening，on Sunday, by this time，in two days, tomorrow evening 3.基本结构：主语 + shall/will + be + 现在分词 + 其它
4.否定形式：主语 + shall/will + not + be + 现在分词 + 其它
5.例句：This time next day they will be sitting in the cinema.下一天的这个时间，他们正坐在电影院。
He won’t be coming to the party.他不去参加聚会了。过去将来进行时 1.概念：表示就过去某一时间而言，将来某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作，主要用于宾语从句中，尤其多用于间接引语中。2.基本结构：should/would + be + 现在分词
3.例句：They said they would be coming.他们说了他们将要来。
He said he could not come because he would be having a meeting.他说他不能来因为要开会。现在完成时
1.概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。2.时间状语：yet, already ,just, never, ever, so far, by now, since + 时间点，for + 时间段，recently, lately, in the past few years, etc.3.基本结构：主语 + have/has + p.p（过去分词）+ 其它
4.否定形式：主语 + have/has + not + p.p（过去分词）+ 其它 5.一般疑问句：have或has放句首。
6.例句：I've written an article.我已经写了一篇论文。
The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years.在过去的几年，农村发生了巨大的变化。过去完成时
1.概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。
2.时间状语：Before, by the end of last year(term, month„），etc.3.基本结构：主语 + had + p.p（过去分词）+ 其它
4.否定形式：主语 + had + not +p.p（过去分词）+ 其它 5.一般疑问句：had放于句首。
6.例句：As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.当我们到车站的时候，火车已经开走了。
By the end of last month, we had reviewed four books.到上个月底，我们已经复习了四本书。基本结构：主语 + had + p.p（过去分词）+ 其它 ①肯定句：主语 + had + p.p（过去分词）+ 其它
②否定句：主语 + had + not + p.p（过去分词）+ 其它 ③一般疑问句：Had +主语 + p.p（过去分词）+其它 ④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句 将来完成时
1.概念：在将来某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态。
2.时间状语：by the time of;by the end of + 时间短语（将来）；by the time + 从句（将来）3.基本结构：主语 + be going to/will/shall + have + p.p（过去分词）+ 其它 4例句：By the time you get back, great changes will have taken place in this area.到你回来的时候，就将发生巨大的变化。过去将来完成时
1.概念：表示在过去某一时间对将来某一时刻以前所会发生的动作，常用在虚拟语气中，表示与过去的事实相反。
2.基本结构：should/would have done sth.3.例句：I thought you'd have left by this time.我想这会儿你已经走了。
He told them he would have finished it by 8 o'clock.他告诉他们他会在8点以前干完。现在完成进行时
1.概念：表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作。这一动作可能刚刚开始，也可能仍在继续，并可能延续到将来。
2.基本结构：主语 + have/has + been + doing + 其它 3.时间状语：since + 时间点，for + 时间段等。
4.例子：I have been sitting here for an hour.我已经在这里坐了一个小时。
The children have been watching TV since six o'clock.从6点起，孩子们一直看电视。过去完成进行时
1.概念：表示某个正在进行的动作或状态，持续到过去某个时刻，还未完成，一直持续到之后的当前才结束。
2.基本结构：主语 + had + been + doing + 其它
3.例子：She had been suffering from a bad cold when she took the exam.她在考试之前一直患重感冒。
Had they been expecting the news for some time? 他们期待这个消息有一段时间了吧？ 4.特殊含义：①尚未完成：He had been writing the novel.他已经在写小说了。（他没写完）②企图：He had been studying the meaning of this proverb.他曾经学习过这个谚语。（他曾努力学习过它）③未得结果：We had been studying what our enemy had said.我们一直致力于敌人所说的。（但是我们没有理解）
④最近情况：He had been quarrelling with his wife.他和他的妻子吵了一场架。（最近）⑤反复动作：He had been asking me the same question.他一直问我相同的问题。（屡次）⑥情绪：What had he been doing？他做了什么 将来完成进行时
1.概念：表示动作从某一时间开始一直延续到将来某一时间。是否继续下去，要视上下文而定。
2.基本结构：shall/will have been doing 3.例子：I shall have been working here in this factory for twenty years by the end of the year.到今年年底，我将在这个工厂工作20年了。
If we don't hurry up the store will have been closing before we get there.咱们如不快一点儿，等我们到了那儿，店门就会关了。过去将来完成进行时
1.概念：表示从过去某时看至未来某时以前会一直在进行的动作。2.基本结构：should/would + have + been +现在分词
3.例子：He told me that by the end of the year he would have been living there for thirty years.他告诉我，到年底时，他就在那住了30年了。
第四篇：高三英语语法复习教案-动词时态语态
高三英语语法复习教案-动词时态语态 【时态的基本概念】
时态是表示谓语动作时间概念的动词形式。英语中的时态专指谓语动词而言，不同时间概念的谓语动作有不同的时态，每一个时态又有各自不同的动词形式。高中阶段要求学生熟练掌握八种时态，此外现在完成进行时在高中教材中反复出现，也应列入“应知应会”的范围。
1.一般现在时：经常发生的动作或规律性的动作。
Each person needs water and a diet of healthy food.(P.2, Senior Book1B)The moon travels round the earth once every month.(P.8, Senior Book2B)在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来的概念。引起时间状语从句的连词有：when, after, before, until, as soon as；引起条件状语从句的连词有：if, unless;so(as)long as。
I will not stop my fight against slavery until all slaves are free.(P.52, Senior Book1A)2.一般过去时：过去发生过了的动作，这个动作的全过程已经结束。诸如yesterday, last… …ago都是典型的一般过去时的时间状语。
Fortunately, I was in time for the interview.(P.34, Senior Book2B)The interview went well and I told the company about my experiences and answered their questions as honestly as I could.(P.34, Senior Book2B)3.一般将来时：将要发生的动作。----It's a bit windy today, isn't it?----Yes, it is.Hopefully tomorrow will turn out fine.(P.43, senior Book2B)Besides, you will not find coral near the mouths of rivers either because the river water has too much soil in it or because it is polluted.(P.20, Senior Book2B)Do you think our manager is going to have a new factory built?(P.24, Senior Book2B)4.现在进行时：说话时正在发生的动作。
I'm doing a word puzzle in this newspaper.I'm trying to find the name of a famous person.Can you help me?(P.1, Senior Book2B)现在进行时同always配合使用时，带有厌恶、批评，不喜欢等感情色彩。
They also have bad teeth, because of the sugar which they are always eating.(P.3, Senior Book1B)5.过去进行时:过去某一时间或某段时间正在进行的动作。
He bought a coffee and as the train was traveling fast and moving from side to side , he decided to drink it there and not to carry it back to his seat.(P.32, Senior Book2B)Over 500 people were working in the building when the fire broke out on the 11th floor.(P.6, Senior Book1B)6.现在完成时：与现在有联系的过去的动作。
Mr.Ball has just called on Mrs.Zhu to give her a message.(P.13, Senior Book2B)同现在的联系是：“刚刚探访了朱夫人，给她带了口信”，这件事距现在时间很近，没有多长时间。
We shall have to make a decision about Ms King, whose story I have just told you.(P.19, Senior Book1B)同现在的联系是：现在你们已经知道有关她的经历，不会影响做出决定。
7.过去完成时：比过去的一个参照动作或时间更早的动作，作为参照的过去的动作或时间有时在句子中直接表述出来，有时通过上下文暗示。Her parents were dead and had left her a lot of money.(P.14, Senior Book2B)本句中had left her a lot of money 发生在her parents were dead之前，比较容易看出“过去的过去”，应该不会产生理解上的困难。
Einstein had always been fond of music and had learnt music as a young boy.(P.3, Senior Book2B)课文一直在叙述爱因斯坦的经历、成就，使用的都是一般过去时。或者我们可以说一般过去时是课文的基础时态。课文的最后又倒叙爱因斯坦少年时代的事情，这是比基础时态一般过去时更早的动作，因此两个并列的谓语动词都用过去完成时。在这类句子中，作为参照的动作或时间需要我们通过对文章的整体理解才能体会出来。
8.过去将来时：以过去某一时间为参照，将要发生的动作。在宾语从句中由于时态呼应的要求，经常会用到过去将来时。
I thought it was going to be fun.(P.54, Senior Book1A)针对 I thought 这个过去的动作而言的将来。
9.现在完成进行时： 由过去开始，延续到现在并且可能继续进行的动作。现在完成进行时在句子中一般可以翻译成“一直┉”。
People have been talking of it a lot recently.(P.25, Senior Book2B)最近人们一直在大量地谈论这件事。
Pippa's parents have been waiting for them.(P.61, Senior Book2A)Pippa的父母一直在等他们。
For years we have been dreaming better housing and jobs.(P.37, Senior Book2B)多年来我们一直梦想着更好的住房和工作。【相关知识及运用】
1.一般过去时、现在完成时、过去完成时的区别。
上述三个时态在使用中容易混淆是因为他们有相近的地方，这个相近之处就是“过去”。现在完成时和过去完成时的概念都同“过去”有关，彼此之间的混淆便由此产生。只有抓住他们的不同，才能熟练地将这三种时态区别开。①一般过去时只用以陈述过去发生过的事情。
In a poor district in Paris, in the year 1775, there was a wine shop, the owner of which was Monsieur Defarge.(P.56, Senior Book2B)向读者陈述1775年所发生的故事的地点、人物等有关信息。②现在完成时表达的动作虽然发生在过去，但说话时要强调的是这个过去的动作与现在有关系，语意的重心着眼于现在。这种过去的动作同现在的联系有两种情况： a)过去的动作对现在仍具有影响。
----Would you go to see the film with me this evening?----Sorry, I have seen it before.have seen the film的动作肯定发生在过去，对现在的影响是“我不想和你去看了”。b)过去的动作延续到现在。表示这种延续时经常会用到for、since一类时间状语。I have worked in Beijing since I graduated from the university.(从毕业一直延续到现在)We have lived in Beijing for about 20 years.(20年前发生的 “live”，一直延续到现在)③过去完成时必须有一个过去的动作作为参照点，由此发生了同一般过去时混淆的问题。过去完成时是一种相对的时态，它必须有一个过去的动作为参照，比这个过去的参照动作更早的动作才能用过去完成时。如果没有这个过去的参照的动作，就没有过去完成时，即使是一亿年前的动作也是一般过去时。
When I got to the cinema, the film had begun.got to the cinema是过去的动作，had begun则发生在got to the cinema 之前。进行时态的两种概念
现在进行时和过去进行时都具有两种不同的时间概念：瞬间概念和阶段概念。
①现在进行时的瞬间概念就是“说话的时候”。表示瞬间概念时，现在进行时的时态特点是，动作已经开始，正在过程中，但尚未结束。
基于这一特点，下列句子通常用现在进行时，以表达动作没有结束。Our country is getting stronger and stronger.I'm getting on well with my English.过去进行时的瞬间概念通常用表示“点时间”的时间状语表达出来。I was doing my homework this time yesterday.Mother was cooking when I came home.②阶段概念的时间状语是“段时间”，表示在一段时间内一直在做的动作，至于动作是否结束则不是说话者所关心的。
He is writing a new novel these days.这些天他一直在写一本新小说。（没有干其他的事情）The workers were building a bridge last year.这些工人们去年一直在修建一座桥。2.将来时的五种动词形式
1.will(shall)+动词原形，用以表示“预见”和“主观意图” Go through the gate and you will find the entrance to Bear Country on the other side.(P1, Senior Book2A)（表示“预见”）
Let's go together then.I will meet you at the theatre at six-thirty.(P.19, Senior Book2A)
(表示“主观意图)2.be going to + 动词原形，用以表示”打算做某事“或”已经有迹象将要发生的情况。I'm going to cut this tree down.(P.25, Senior Book1B)It is going to rain.(有迹象表明将要下雨)3.be to +动词原形，用以表示按照计划、安排即将发生的动作或表示命令、禁止。
The message is this: you are to go to the hotel where rooms have already been booked for you.(P.33, Senior Book2B)4.will be doing，在当代英语中用以表示纯粹的将来。Who will be taking over her job? Everybody else will be wearing jewellery.(P.13, Senior Book1B)5.用进行时的动词形式表示将来的概念。这种用法通常仅限于瞬间动词，因为瞬间动词不可能有“进行”的概念，所以不会产生歧义。
How many of you are making the trip?(P.9, Senior Book1B)Is anybody seeing you off?(P.13 Senior Book1A)
【语态的基本概念】 语态是表示主语、谓语和宾语之间相互关系的动词形式。在英语中有主动语态和被动语态之分。
主动语态所表达的主、谓、宾之间的关系是：主语发出或执行谓语动作，谓语动作的对象或承受者为宾语。即主语同谓语具有语意上的逻辑关系，谓语同宾语具有语意上的逻辑关系。被动语态所表达的关系是：动作的承受者做句子的主语，这时句子的主语和谓语之间具有逻辑上的动宾关系。Satellites for broadcasting are used to send radio and TV programmes from one part of the world to another.(P.8, Senior Book2B)谓语动词use同主语satellites for broadcasting具有逻辑动宾关系，因此使用被动语态。我们可以将这个句子恢复成正常的主、谓、宾关系：
We use satellites for broadcasting to send radio and TV programmes from one part of the world to another.【相关知识及运用】
1.被动语态的动词形式问题： 在语言实践中，语态和时态总是结合在一起使用，每一个时态都有同它相对应的被动语态形式。
被动语态的基本形式：语态助动词be + 过去分词。
凡需进行时态变化时，只将be 变为与其相应的时态形式，过去分词永远不变。
动词do 的时态、语态形式变化对照表
主动语态 被动语态
一般现在时 do(does)am(is, are)+ done 一般过去时 did was(were)+ done 一般将来时 will(shall)do will be + done 现在进行时 am(is are)doing am(is,are)being+done 过去进行时 was(were)doing was(were)being+done 现在完成时 have(has)done have(has)been+done 过去完成时 had done had been+done 过去将来时 would do would be + done 现在完成进行时 have(has)been doing 没有被动形式 过去完成进行时 Had been doing 没有被动形式
Many of them are well received, such as Follow Me;Follow Me to Science.(P.46, Senior Book1A)Ships and planes can be warned so that they can keep out of the path of the hurricane.(P.9, Senior Book2B)They are already being used in agriculture and industry.(P.26, Senior Book2B)Computer will be used more and more in transport.(P.26, Senior Book2B)A new government programme has been designed to help disabled people.(P.46, Senior Book2B)2.高考试题实例分析 直接考查时态、语态知识的试题主要体现在单项选择和改错两个题型中，而且几乎每年都会考到，因此必须将时态、语态问题作为复习的重点内容，务求达到深刻理解，熟练运用。近年来高考命题的特点是，在特定的语言环境中考查对时态、语态的理解。试题的意图往往隐蔽、迂回，迷惑项的设计技巧很高，容易干扰考生的思维。如果没有对时态概念的深刻理解，没有对语言应用环境的综合分析，便会对试题感到困惑。下列试题可以帮助我们领悟高考命题的趋势。例1：
Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology ______ so rapidly.（2001年高考试题）
A.is changing
B.has changed
C.will have changed
D.will change 答案为A。试题没有把考查的意图定位于对时态概念的简单理解，考生必须对现在进行时的本质特征----动作尚未完成，仍在过程中----有深刻的理解，否则将思路仅仅局限在“正在变化”、“已经变化”或“将要变化”，难于得出正确的结论。例2：
I ______ ping-pong quite well, but haven't had time to play since the new year.（2001年高考试题）
A.will play
B.have played
C.played
D.play 答案为D。but 分句使用现在完成时，将谈话的时间概念限定在“当前”。如果选C，前一分句说“过去”，后一分句说“现在”，不合逻辑。本句的意思是说“乒乓球一向打得好，只是最近一段时间没有打”，“乒乓球打得好”是一种技能，选用一般现在时，是“经常发生的动作”这一概念的扩展和延伸。例3：
----You haven't said a word about my new coat, Brenda.Do you like it?---I'm sorry I ______ anything about it sooner.I certainly think it's pretty on you.（2002年高考试题）
A.wasn't saying
B.don't say
C.won't say
D.didn't say 答案为D。sorry的原因是早先没有说到这件事，因此必须用一般过去时。例4：
The price ______, but I doubt whether it will remain so.（1999年高考试题）
A.went down
B.will go down
C.has gone down
D.was going down 答案为 C。目前价格的状况已经低下来，至于“价格下降”始于何时同谈话的内容无关。试题意在考查对“过去的动作对现在的影响”的理解。
时态语态基础训练1 I.用所给动词的适当的过去时或将来时的形式填充。
1.Let's keep to the point or we ______ never_______(reach)any decisions.2.My mind wasn't on what he was saying, so I'm afraid I______(miss)half of it.3.I don't think Jim saw me;he _____ just ______(start)into space.4.I ____(ask)you not to move my dictionary--now I can't find it.5.Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s, when people ______(begin)to enjoy the advantages of this new technology.6.--George and Lucy got married last week.Did you go to their wedding?
--No, I ______ ______ ______(invite).Did they have a big wedding?
7.Shirley _____(write)a book about China last year but I don't know whether she has finished it.8.John and I have been friends for eight years.We first got to know each other at a Christmas party.But we _____ ______(see)each other a couple of times before that.9.His wife _____ ______(hope)to catch the first train but she was too late.10.I _____ ______(catch)in the heavy rain on the way to the cinema.11.I found the sentence _____ ______(not read)smoothly.12.What he had said at the meeting _____(prove)true.13.---Did you see Tom at the party?
---No.He _____ _____(leave)by the time I arrived.14.---How time flies!It's already 10 o'clock.---Oh, I _____ _____(not realize)it at all.15.---I'm sorry that I shouldn't have been so rude to you.---You did_____(lose)your temper but that's OK.II.用所给动词的适当的过去时或将来时的形式确翻译下列各句 ：
1.The thief tried to break away from the policeman who _____ _____(一直抓着)him but failed.2.--What were you doing when Tony phoned you?
--I had just finished my work and ____ _____(正准备开始)to take a shower.3.--You were out when I dropped in at your house.--Oh, I_____ _____(在等候)for a friend from England at the airport.4.---Why haven't you asked her to come here?
---She ________(正在做工)an important experiment when I found her and she hasn't finished it.5.---What were you up to when she dropped in?
---I_____ _____(刚玩了一会儿)for a while and _____ _____ _____ _____(正打算看书)some reading.6.Turn on the television or open a magazine and you ______often_____(会看到)advertisement showing happy families.7.---What place is it?---Haven't you seen that we are back where we _____(回到了原地)? 8.---Tomorrow is my birthday.I'd like you and Jane to come.---I'm not sure if she _____ _____(将)free.9.The crazy fans ______ _____ ______(一直在等)patiently for two hours and they would wait till the movie star arrived.10.You_______ _______(要求你ask)not to move the desk--now it is broken.时态语态基础训练2 1.By the time I saw the angry expression in his face, I _____ exactly what I was having to face.But not for a moment _______ I should quit.A.had known;I thought
B.have known;had I thought
C.would know;I would think
D.knew;did I think 2.In such a fierce competition, a person h as to make every effort if he _____.A.has succeeded
B.is to succeed
C.should succeed
D.will succeed 3.The man opened his eyes and moved his lips, as if ______ that he had something to tell the doctor.A.saying
B.having said
C.to say
D.to have said 4.It should be 302.But I hear that it _____ till tomorrow.A.was put off
B.will put off
C.has been put off
D.is put off 5.The University of Tokyo is the oldest university in Japan and has always been in the lead when it comes to ____ new challenges.A.be faced
B.face
C.facing
D.faced 6.In fact, more and more people _____ to live a greener, healthier and more environmentally “green life”.A.chose
B.choose
C.are choosing
D.have chosen 7.Our car _____ at the present speed until it reaches Qingdao at about nine o'clock tonight.A.went
B.is going
C.goes
D.will be going 8.China is _____ to______ continued help to Iraq in its reconstruction.A.willingly;give
B.willing;giving
C.willing;offer
D.will;offering 9.I ________, but I can't leave until I finish typing all the letters.A.had planned to
B.planned to
C.am still planning to
D.was still planning to
10.Unfortunately, when we dropped in, Doctor Li _______ for Indonesia to rescue the injured there, so we only had time for a few words.A.has just left
B.was just leaving
C.had just left
D.just left 11.Has George returned from Japan yet? I'd like to meet him.Why do you look so upset?Usually at 13:15 but because of a small accident on the line, it
at 13:45.A．does;is going to start B．will;starts C．does;will start D．will;is to start 11.---How about my food? I __________ here for almost half an hour.---I'm sorry, sir.It must be ready by now.A.have been sitting
B.am sitting C.had been sitting
D.was sitting 12.---Remember the first time we met, Susan?---Of course I do.You _______ in the library.A.read
B.had read
C.were reading
D.would read 13.The number of people hurt in the traffic accident _______ to 95, the news agency reports.A.has increased
B.have increased
C.has been increased
D.have been increased 14.It seems that you _______ this report or you can see what I questioned just now.A.don't read B.didn't read C.haven't read D.hadn't read 15.-Hello, Jim.I
to see you today.Sonia said you
ill.-Oh I'm OK.A.didn't expect;were
B.don't expect;were C.haven't expected;are
D.are not expecting;are 16.We were very busy yesterday.Otherwise we _____ part in the discussion.A.would take
B.did take
C.had taken
D.would have taken 17.---My flight ______.I'd better be on my way.Goodbye.---Bye.Happy landing!A.was announced
B.is being announced
C.has announced
D.is announced 18Dear me!You
anything in the taxi!A.had never left
B.have never left
C.would never leave
D.never leave 19.This time next week, we _______astronauts from the Challenger trying to deal with the mechanical problems.A.will see B.will have seen C.will be seeing D.shall see 20.Hey, Lee.I ___________ you never took interest in anything like this.What a surprise!A.don't think
B.didn't think C.think
D.thought 21.George had thought of paying a visit to the zoo with his children last Sunday, but he just ________ he would have so little time to spare.A.hadn't known
B.wouldn't know
C.knew
D.didn't know 22.Those who were late for school this morning，down your names on the blackboard!A.write
B.wrote
C.are writing
D.will write
时态语态高考题 2007年高考
1.The flowers were so lovely that they __________ in no time.（全国卷I）
A.sold
B.had been sold
C.were sold
D.would sell 2.I know a little bit about Italy as my wife and I ________ there several years ago.（全国卷I）
A.are going
B.had been
C.went
D.have been 3.-Is there anything wrong, Bob? You look sad.-Oh, nothing much.In fact, I ____ of my friends back home.（全国卷II）A.have just thought B.was just thinking C.would just think D.will just be thinking 4.-Tom, you didn't come to the party last night?
-I ____, but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do.（全国卷II）A.had to B.didn't C.was going to D.wouldn't 5.-Did you tidy your room?（上海卷）
-No, I was going to tidy my room but I ______ visitors.A.had B.have C.have had
D.will have 6.With the help of high technology, more and more new substances ______ in the past years.（上海卷）A.discovered B.have discovered C.had been discovered D.have been discovered 7.They_____ two free tickets to Canada, otherwise they'd never have been able to afford to go.（山东卷）
A．had got
B．got
C．have got
D．get 8.-Did Peter fix the computer himself?-He ________, because he doesn't know much about computers.（安徽卷）A.has it fixed
B.had fixed it
C.had it fixed
D.fixed it 9.They became friends again that day.Until then, they _____ to each other for nearly two years.（安徽卷）
A.didn't speak
B.hadn't spoken
C.haven' t spoken D.haven' t been speaking 10.-How can I apply for an online course?
-Just fill out this form and we _____ what we can do for you.（北京卷）A.see
B.are seeing
C.have seen
D.will see 11.I got caught in the rain and my suit____.（北京卷）
A.has ruined
B.had ruined
C.has been ruined
D.had been ruined 12.-It was really very kind of you to give me a lift home.-Oh, don't mention it.I _____past your house anyway.（北京卷）
A.was coming
B.will come
C.had come
D.have come 13.-I saw Jane and her boyfriend in the park at eight yesterday evening.（福建卷）-Impossible.She
TV with me in my home then.A.watched B.had watched C.would watch D.was watching 14.Danny
hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular.（福建卷）A.works
B.is working
C.has worked
D.worked 15.As the years passed, many occasions-birthdays, awards, graduations-________ with Dad's flowers.（湖南卷）
A.are marked
B.were marked
C.have marked
D.had marked
16.Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she _____ English for a year.（湖南卷）
A.studies
B.studied
C.is studying
D.has been studying 17.At the end of the meeting, it was announced that an agreement ______.（江苏卷）A.has been reached B.had been reached
C.has reached
D.had reached 18.-______ you ______ him around the museum yet?（江苏卷）-Yes.We had a great time there.A.Have … shown
B.Do … show C.Had … shown
D.Did … show 19.-Ouch!You hurt me!
-I am sorry.But I
any harm.I
to drive a rat out.（江西卷）A.didn't mean;tried
B.don't mean;am trying C.haven't meant;tried
D.didn't mean;was trying 20.-I have got a headache.-No wonder.You
in front of that computer too long.（江西卷）
A.work
B.are working
C.have been working
D.worked 21.I
there little more than a week when I set to work with the scientist.（陕西卷）A.would be B.have been C.had been D.will be 22.The unemployment rate in this district
from 6% to 5% in the past two years.（上海春）A．has fallen B．had fallen
C．is fall in
D．was falling 23.John had to have his car repaired in a garage because it
seriously.（上海春）A．damaged B．was being damaged
C．had damaged D．had been damaged 24.When you get the paper back, pay special attention to what ________.（四川卷）A．have marked
B.have been marked
C．had marked
D．had been marked 25.-Did you see a man in black pass by just now?
-No, sir.I ________ a newspaper.（四川卷）
A.read
B.was reading
C.would read
D.am reading 26.If Newton lived today, he would be surprised by what ____ in science and technology.（天津卷）
A.had discovered
B.had been discovered
C.has discovered
D.has been discovered 27.-Jack bought a new mobile phone the other day.（浙江卷）-________? That's his third one in just one month.A.Had he
B.Did he
C.Does he
D.Has he
28.Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where ____ yet.（浙江卷）
A.hasn't been decided
B.haven't decided
C.isn't being decided
D.aren't decided 29.The play had already been on for quite some time when we ____ at the New Theatre.（浙江卷）
A.have arrived
B.arrived
C.had arrived
D.arrive 30.-Did Alan enjoy seeing his old friends yesterday?-Yes, he did.He ________ his old friends for a long time.（重庆卷）
A.didn't see
B.wouldn't see
C.hasn't seen D.hadn't seen 31.Leonardo da Vinci(1452-1519)_______birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free.（重庆卷）
A.is said to be buying
B.is said to have bought
C..had said to buy
D.has said to have bought 32.-Do you have any idea what Paul does all day?-As I know, he spends at least as much time playing as he _______.（重庆卷）A.writes B.does writing
C.is writing
D.does write 33.When I called you this morning, nobody answered the phone.Where______?（重庆卷）A.did you go
B.have you gone
C.were you
D.had you been 34.-Have you handed in your schoolwork yet?
-Yes, I have.I guess it ______ now.（辽宁卷）
A.has graded
B.is graded
C.is being graded
D.is grading 35.-Has your father returned from Africa yet?-Yes, but he _____ here for only three days before his company sent him to Australia.（辽宁卷）A.was
B.has been
C.will be
D.would be 2008年高考
1.-Have you known Dr.Jackson for a long time?（全国I卷）-Yes, since she ______ the Chinese Society.A.has joined B.joins
C.had joined
D.joined 2.The wet weather will continue tomorrow, when a cold front ______ to arrive.（全国I卷）A.is expected B.is expecting C.expects
D.will be expected 3.-----Did you watch the basketball match yesterday?（安徽卷）
-----Yes, I did.You know, my brother ________ in the match.A.is playing
B.was playing
C.has played
D.had played 4.I like these English songs and they ________many times on the radio.（安徽卷）A.taught
B.have taught
C.are taught
D.have been taught 5.So far this year we ______ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent.（福建卷）A.saw
B.see
C.had seen
D.have seen 6.I called Hnnah many times yesterday evening, but I couldn't get through.Her brother _____ on the phone all the time!（湖南卷）
A.was talking
B.has been talking
C.has talked
D.talked 7.Well, I'm thinking about the salary….（湖南卷）
A.offer
B.will offer
C.are offered
D.will be offered 8.-I'm sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.-I think so.He ______ for it for months.（江苏卷）A.is preparing B.was preparing C.had been preparing D.has been preparing 9.By the time he realizes he ______ into a trap, it'll be too late for him to do anything about it.（山东卷）A.walks
B.walked C.has walked D.had walked 10.I ______it to you this morning!（浙江卷）
A.would lend
B.was lending
C.had lent
D.lent 20.-What's that noise?（浙江卷）
-Oh, I forgot to tell you.The new machine ______ A.was tested
B.will be tested
C.is being tested
D.has been tested 21.-Have you read book called Waiting for Anya?-Who _______ it?（北京卷）
A.writes
B.has written
C.wrote
D.had written 22.The hotel wasn't particularly good.But I ____ in many worse hotels（北京卷）.A.was staying
B, stayed
C.would stay
D.had stayed 23.No decision
about any future appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed.（北京卷）
A.will be made
B.is made
C.is being made
D.has been made 24.He _____ football regularly for many years when he was young.（天津卷）A.was playing
B.played
C.has played
D.had played 25.Judy is going to marry the sailor she __ in Rome last year.（重庆卷）A.meets
B.met
C.has met
D.would meet 26.He __ as a national hero for winning the first gold metal for his country in the Olympics.（重庆卷）
A.regarded
B.was regarded
C.has regarded
D.had been regarded 27.Teenagers __ their health because they play computer games too much.（重庆卷）A.have damaged
B.are damaging
C.damaged
D.will damage 28.Do you know if Terry will go camping this weekend?(上海卷)Terry? Never!She ___ tents and fresh air!A.has hated
B.hated
C.will hate
D.hates 29.In recent years many football clubs ___ as business to make a profit.(上海卷)A.have run
B.have been run C.had been run D.will run
参考答案
时态语态基础训练1 I.1.will never reach
2.missed
3.was;staring
4.asked
5.began
6.hadn't been invited
7.wrote
8.had seen
9.had hoped
10.was caught 11.didn't read
12.proved
13.had left
14.didn't realize
15.lose II.1.was holding
2.was starting
3.was waiting
4.was doing
5.had played;was going to do
6.will;see
7.were
8.will be
9.had been waiting
10.was asked 时态语态基础训练2 1-10 DBCCC CDCCB
11-20 AABCA DBCDC
时态语态强化训练
1-5 BCCDD
6-10 ABBDB
11-15 ACACA
16-21 DBBCD
21-22 DA
时态语态高考题 2007年高考
1-5 CCBCA 6-10 DBCBD 11-15 CADCB
16-20 DBADC 21-25CADBB 26-30 DBABD
31-35BBCCA 2008年高考题
1-5 DABDD
6-10 ACDCA
11-15 CDACA 26-29 BBDB
21-25CDABB 16-20 ABBDC
第五篇：2018年河南专升本英语语法16种时态汇总
2018年河南专升本英语语法16种时态汇总
英语的基础知识无非就是单词+语法，基础不牢，地动山摇，一切的英语知识都是围绕着这两个基础去开展的。时态是英语中一个重要的语法范畴，它表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态以及动作发生或存在的方式。动作发生的时间可分为现在、过去、将来和过去将来四种形式，动作发生的方式可分为一般、完成、进行和完成进行四种形式。将这时间形式和动作方式结合起来，就构成了以下16种时态形式(以do为例)：
注：构成时态的助动词be(is, am, are), have(has, have), shall, will 等需根据主语的变化来选择。
在这16种时态中，其中有8种时态是最重要的，也是用得最多的，是初学者必须要掌握的，它们是一般现在时(也称一般现在时)、一般过去时(也称一般过去时)、一般将来时(也称一般将来时)、现在进行时、现在完成时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来一般时(也称过去将来时)，其余的时态相对用得较少。
1.一般现在时
用法：
A)表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。
B)习惯用语。
C)经常性、习惯性动作。
例：He always helps others.(他总是帮助别人。)
D)客观事实和普遍真理。尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般现在时，则无法保持 主句、从句时态一致。
E)表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，(仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词)可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用。常见的用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。
例：The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon.(下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。)
How often does this shuttle bus run?(这班车多久一趟?)
F)在时间和条件状语从句里经常用一般现在(有时也用现在完成时)表示将来事 情。
例：When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours.(等你完成这份报告的时候，我就已经等了将近3个小时了。)
2.现在进行时(be doing)
用法：现在正在进行的动作。
3.现在完成时(have done)
用法：
A)表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成。
例：I bought a new house, but I _________ my old one yet, so at the moment I have two houses.A)didn't sell B)sold C)haven't sold D)would sell
答案是C)haven't sold。
B)表示从过去某时刻开始，持续到现在的动作或情况，并且有可能会继续延续下去。此时经常用延续性动词。时间状语常用since加一个过去的时间点，或for 加一段时间，或by加一个现在时间。
例：Great as Newton was, many of his ideas ___________ today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time.A)are to challenge C)have been challenged
B)may be challenged D)are challenging
全句的意思是：“虽然牛顿是个伟大的人物，但他的许多见解直到今天还在受到挑战，并且被现代科学家的工作所修正。”challenge是及物动词，在本句中应当是被动语态;其动作延续到今天，所以要用现在完成时态。可见答案是C)have been challenged。A)are to challenge和D)are challenging都是主动语态，不可能是答案。B)may be challenged虽然是被动语态，但意思与全句内容不合，所以不对。
C)表示发生在过去，但对现在仍有影响的动作或情况。通常用点动词，如：arrive, begin, find, give, lose等。
例：John has broken his left leg.(约翰摔断了左腿。)
注意事项
A)现在完成时是联系过去和现在的纽带。现在完成时和过去时的区别在于：现在完成时强调动作的动态，或受动态的影响，是动态的结果，对现在有影响;过去时只表示过去的某个具体时间里发生的动作，与现在没有联系。
例：He worked in that hospital for 8 years.(他曾经在那家医院工作了8年。这只是讲述一个过去的事实，他现在已经不在那家医院了。)
He has worked in that hospital for 8 years.(他已经在那家医院里工作了8年。表示他从过去开始工作，一直工作到现在，现在仍在那家医院工作。)
B)因为含有for加一段时间或since加一个时间点这样的时间状语的完成时，有动态和延续性的特点，所以不能使用终端动词或瞬间动词。
例：My sister has been married for 5 years.(过去分词做表语表示状态，可以延续)
My sister has married.Don't disturb her.(终端动词)
C)在“this is the first/ second/ third„„ time that„„”句型里要求用完成时。
例：This is the second time that the products of our company have been shown in the International Exhibition.(这是我公司产品第二次参加国际展览会。)
D)句型“It is/ has been„„since”所使用的两种时态都正确。
例：It is/ has been 10 years since I last saw him.(从我上次见到他以来已经10年了。)
E)在“no sooner than”、“hardly/ scarcely „„when”、“before”、“prior to”等句型中，主句要求完成时。
例：I haven't met that professor prior to today.(以前我从未见过那位教授。)
4.现在完成进行时(have been doing)
用法：表示某一动作开始于过去某一时间，延续或重复地出现至今，或将继续延续至将来。
例：We have been working on this project for over a month now.(到目前为止，我们一直在处理那个项目，已经花了一个多月时间了。)
注意事项：与现在完成时相比，现在完成进行时更强调：在从过去到现在的时间里，动作或状态一直持续或一直反复出现。
例：1997年6月四级第45 题
It seems oil ___________ from this pipe for some time.We'll have to take the machine apart to put it right.A)had leaked B)is leaking
C)leaked D)has been leaking
从本题上下文看，这两个句子的意思是：“看来，这个管道漏油已有一段时间了，我们将不得不拆卸机器排除故障。”第二句表示将要采取的措施。第一句动作发生在第二句之前，并且延续到现在为止仍在继续。因此，空格中需用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。D)has been leaking是现在完成进行时，因此是本题的答案。有11%的考生误选了B)is leaking。由于本句有时间状语for some time，表示谓语动作延续，谓语不能用现在进行时，必须用和完成时有关的时态。有些考生误选了C)leaked或A)had leaked。是因为他们没有注意到本题第二句是一般将来时，所以第一句的谓语不能用过去时或过去完成时。
5.一般过去时
用法：
A)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。
B)表示过去习惯性动作。特别是由would/ used to do表达的句型，本身表示的 就是过去时。
例：The old man would sit on a bench in the quiet park and look at others for hours without doing anything or talking to anybody.(老人过去常常坐在宁静的公园里的一条长椅上，看着其他的人，一坐就是数个小时，什么也不干，也不和任何人交谈。)
He used to visit his mother once a week.(他以前总是每周看望一次他的母亲。)
C)有时可代替一般现在时，表达一种婉转、客气、礼貌、商量的语气。
例：I wanted to ask you if I could borrow your car?(我想向您借车用一用，可以吗?)
Would you mind my sitting here?(您介意我坐在这里吗?)
注意事项：
A)注意时间状语的搭配。一般过去时的时间状语应该是表示过去某个时间的词或词组，如：yesterday, last month, in 1999, two days ago等，绝对不可与recently, in the past 10 years, this month等连用，因为这样的时间状语都与现在有关系，应该用现在完成时或一般现在时。
B)used to do的否定形式和疑问形式很特别：你怎么写都正确。以否定形式为例：used not to do, didn't used to do, didn't use to do都对。
Used to do经常与 be used to doing sth/ sth结构进行对比。前者表示“过去常常或过去曾经”，要求加动词原形;后者表示“习惯于”，要求加名词或动名词。
6.过去完成时(had done)
用法：表示在过去的某个时间或动作以前已经发生的动作或已经存在的状态。就是我们常说的：表示“过去的过去的动作或状态”。
Until then, his family _________ from him for six months.A)didn't hear C)hasn't heard B)hasn't been hearing D)hadn't heard
全句的意思是：“到那时为止，他家里已经有六个月没得到他的消息了。”由此可以看出，谓语动词的动作延续到过去的某一时刻才完成，因此谓语要用过去完成时。答案是D)。其它选项中：A)didn't hear，因为一般过去时只表示过去发生的事情或存在的状态，所以不能与时间状语for six months连用。B)hasn't been hearing，现在完成进行时表示过去某时刻继续到现在或现在还在进行的动作，与题意不符。C)hasn't heard，现在完成时表示从过去某一时刻到现在为止发生的动作。而题中的then只表示过去的某一时刻，不能表示现在时间。
注意事项：“过去的过去”这种逻辑关系常通过上下文体现出来，而不一定受某个时间状语的限制。
例：There had been some one in our room just now, because I noticed a burning cigarette end on the floor when we opened the front door.(刚才有人在我们的房间里，因为我们打开前门进来时，我注意到地板上有一支仍在燃烧的香烟。)
分析：虽然时间状语是just now，似乎应该使用一般过去时，但是“在房间里”这个状态是在“开门”和“注意”这两个过去的动作之前就存在的，所以应该用过去完成时。
7.过去将来时(would/ should do)
用法：表示从过去的某个时间看将要发生的事。
例：I said on Thursday I should see my friend the next day.(我星期四说我将于第二天拜访我的朋友。)
注意事项：由于过去将来时是由过去时和将来时组合而成的，所以其注意事项可以参考过去时和将来时的相关注意事项。想学习更多英语知识，请关注口袋英语aikoudaiyy
8.过去进行时(was/ were doing)
用法：
A)表示在过去一个比较具体的时间正在发生的动作。
例：Mary was listening to light music 10 minutes ago.(10分钟前，玛丽正在听轻音乐。)
B)如果when, while这样的时间状语引导词所引导的主从句之一是一般过去时，则另一个句子常用过去进行时。
例：I was washing my hair when you knocked at the front door.(你敲前门时我正在洗头发。)
注意事项：其它与将来时有关的事项请参见下面所讲的一般将来时。
9.一般将来时
用法：
A)基本结构是will / shall do。
例：We shall send her a glass hand-made craft as her birthday gift.(我们将送给她一个玻璃的手工制品，作为给她的生日礼物。)
B)有些动词，如：arrive, be close, come, do, done, go, have, leave, open, play, return, sleep, start, stay等，用于一般进行时，并且通常与一个表示将来时间的时间状语连用，可以表示将来时。
例：My mother is coming to visit me next week and is staying here until May.(我妈妈下周将来看我，并会呆到5月。)
C)表示“打算去„„，要„„”时，可用be going to do。
例：This is just what I am going to say.(这正是我想说的。)
D)表示“即将、正要”时，可用be about to do。强调近期内或马上要做的事。
例：Don't worry, I am about to make a close examination on you.(别担心，我马上就给你做一次仔细的检查。)
E)“be to do”的5种用法：
a)表示“按计划、安排即将发生某事或打算做某事”。
例：She is to be seen in the lab on Monday.(星期一你准会在实验室见到她。)
b)该做或不该做的事情(语气上接近于should, must, ought to, have to)，表示一种命令、规劝性语气。
例：You are to go to bed and keep quiet, kids.Our guests are arriving in less than 5 minutes.(孩子们，你们必须 上床睡觉，不准吵闹。我们的客人5分钟之内就要到了。)
c)能或不能发生的事情(接近can, may)
例：How am I to pay such a debt?(我怎么可能还得起这么大的一笔债呢?)
d)不可避免将要发生的事情，后来将要发生的事情。
例：I assure you that the matter _______ as quickly as possible.Have a little patience.A.will be attended B.will be attended to
C.is attended D.is attended to
will be attended to关键的一点是：attend表示“处理，解决”时是不及物动词，必须与to连用。另外，从上下文看，事情显然尚未解决，所以应该用将来时的被动语态。答案是B。
e)用于条件从句“如果„„想，设想”(接近if „„want to,或if „„should)
例：Greater efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage ____________ avoided.A)is to be B)can be C)will be D)has been
答案是A)is to be。全句的意思是：“如果要避免食品短缺，就必须作出更大努力来增加农业产量。”
F)同样可以表示“正要、将要”的意思的句型是be on the point of doing。
例：The coach is on the point of giving up the game because our team has been scored 7 points.(教练想要放弃这场比赛了，因为对方已经射进了7个球。)
例：1999年6月四级第65题
I was _______ the point of telephoning him when his letter arrived.A)in B)to C)at D)on
答案是D)。on the point of doing 是固定词组，意思是“正要、打算”。全句的意思是：“当他的信到的时候我正要打电话给他。”
注意事项：
在以if, when, as long as, as soon as, after, before, in case, until, unless等连词以及具有连词作用的副词(immediately, the moment, directly)等引导的状语从句，一般用现在时代替将来时。强调延续性或动态时，可用完成时。
例：I hope his health will have improved by the time you come back next year.(我希望到明年你回来的时候，他的身体已经好多了。)
10.将来进行时(will be doing)
用法：强调在将来的某个具体时间正在发生的动作或事情。
例：Don't worry, you won't miss her.She will be wearing a red T-shirt and a white skirt at that time.(别担心，你不会认不出她的。她到时会穿一件红色的T恤衫和一条白色的短裙。)
注意事项：由于本时态是由将来时和进行时融合在一起的，所以关于本时态的注意事项，可参考“一般将来时”和“现在进行时”的有关注意事项。
11.将来完成时(will have done)
用法：表示从将来的某一时间开始、延续[]到另一个将来时间的动作或状态，或是发生在某个将来时间，但对其后的另一个将来时间有影响的动作或状态。就好象把现在完成时平移到时间轴的将来时时段一样。其用法从和过去及现在有关，变成了和将来及将来的将来有关。
例：1997年1月四级第22题
The conference __________ a full week by the time it ends.A)must have lasted B)will have lasted
C)would last D)has lasted
本题考核谓语动词的时态。全句的意思是：“会议从开始到结束将持续整整一个星期。”句中by the time it ends表示动作要延续到将来某一时刻，因此要用将来完成时。答案是B)will have lasted。如果选A)，因为情态动词must后面接动词不定式的完成时形式表示对已经发生的事情的一种肯定推测，而本句的时间状语是by the time it ends而非by the time it ended，所以犯了时态不呼应的错误。Would虽可以表示推测或可能性，但would last不能表示延续到将来某一时刻的动作，所以C)would last错误。因为D)has lasted是现在完成时，表示到现在为止已经完成的动作，不能表示延续到将来某一时刻的动作，所以也不正确。
注意事项：由于本时态是由将来时和完成时融合在一起的，所以关于本时态的注意事项，可以参考“一般将来时”和“现在完成时”的有关注意事项。想学习更多英语知识，请关注口袋英语aikoudaiyy
12)将来完成进行时：shall have been doing，will have been doing
例：By the end of next month, the project will have been being worked for 3 years.(到下个月底为止，这项工程就已经不停地进行了3年了。)(被动语态)
13)过去完成进行时：had been doing
例：The old clock had been being taken apart of and fixed up again for several times by my 10-year old son before I came back home.(我回到家之前，我10岁大的儿子已经把这个旧钟表拆卸并重新组装了好几回了。)(此处强调“拆卸”和“组装”这两个过去的过去的动作一直在反复进行。)(被动语态)
14)过去将来进行时：should be doing , would be doing
例：The government promised that a new highway would be being built next July.(政府承诺说第二年7月将有一条新的高速公路正在修建。)(此句的时间状语是具体的将来时间，所以最好用将来进行时。)(此句为被动语态)
15)过去将来完成时：should have done , would have done
例：I believed by the end of that year an advanced version of that software would have been developed, but I was wrong.(我坚信到那年年底为止，那个软件的新版本将被开发出来。但是我错了。)(此句为被动语态)
16)过去将来完成进行时：should have been doing , would have been doing
例：They said that by the end of the following month, the project would have been being worked for 3 years.(他们说到第二个月底为止，这项工程就已经不停地进行了3年了。)
点击咨询 