英语摘要的写作重点（★）

第一篇：英语摘要的写作重点

英文摘要

一．英文摘要的写作注意事项

1.一般不要对论文内容作评论，尤其是自我评价。

2.结构严谨，表达简明，语义确切。摘要先写什么，后写什么，要按逻辑顺序来安排。句子之间要上下连贯，互相呼应。每句话要表意明白，无空泛、笼统、含混之词。摘要不分段。

3.用第三人称。建议采用“对···进行了研究”，“报告了···现状”，“进行···调查”等记述方法表明文章的性质和文章主题，建议使用“本文”，“作者”等作为主语。

二．要写好英文摘要，作者（考生）必须要回答好以下几个问题。

1.本文的目的或要解决的问题

2.解决问题的方法及过程

3.主要结果及结论，陈述文章的结论是应该用现在时态

三． 范文临摹

Directions:

Read the following Chinese text and write an abstract of it in 80-100 English words on Answer Sheet.冬季的体育锻炼

尽管冬季寒冷，但是仍需进行必要的体育锻炼。寒冷的气候条件下进行体育锻炼，一定要注意自我保健，否则，会适得其反，冻坏身体。冬季体育锻炼项目主要有滑冰、滑雪、晨练、冬泳等，下面结合冬季气候作介绍。

首先是着装问题。服装的隔热值必须与运动中增强的代谢产热过程平衡。在冷天中多穿衣服，衣服在皮肤之外包住一层温暖的空气，使传导散热过程减弱。但在运动时，机体的产热大大增加，如果穿得过多，反而有害，应穿轻便的衣服。这样在运动中产热增加时，可以方便地脱掉。近年来服装制造商在发展轻质服装方面不断改进，这样可以保证良好的隔热性，同时又保证了活动的自由性。

在寒冷环境下运动时，机体能量代谢增强，产热增加，此时机体血管扩展，大大降低了身体对寒冷的抵抗能力。因此，在运动间隙要特别注意保暖，及时加衣。寒冷环境中运动能量消耗大，代谢水平高，使身体内的能源物资消耗增多，在代谢过程中还需要各种维生素的参与，如维生素B1、B2、B3、烟酸、维生素C等需求增加。

因此，对于从事滑冰、滑雪及在寒冷环境下锻炼者的膳食，应注意增加较多的热量。一般来说，冬季比春季从事同等强度的运动热量消耗高10℅左右。据测算，一个成年人两小时的滑冰练习可增加消耗1000-1500千卡热量。在三大物资的比例中，因脂肪具有产热量多的特点，且增加脂肪有助于机体御寒，故应适当增加脂肪的供能比例，一般可占全部热量的25℅-30℅；而蛋白质也应偏高，占12℅-18℅；其余由糖来供给。体育运动者按每天消耗3500卡热量计算，蛋白质约需130克，脂肪150克，糖约480克。相当于每天应摄入米饭或馒头600克左右，鸡肉100克，瘦猪肉200克，鸡蛋两个，牛奶两杯，植物油50克等。冰雪项目锻炼中，膳食中维生素也应相应增加，维生素C能增强人体对寒冷的适应能力。据文献，摄入大量维生素可明显减少寒冷环境中的体温下降幅度，缓解机体肾上腺的过度应激反应，增加机体耐寒能力。

冬泳是我国北方的一大特色，冬泳健身在理论上有其科学性，但冬泳毕竟是一项冒险的运动，必须掌握科学的方法。反之，就会影响身体健康，甚至诱发疾病。一是冬泳锻炼应从

秋季的冷水浴开始，逐渐提高对寒冷的适应能力；冬泳期间应加强高能力饮食的补充，冬泳前不要喝酒；对于心、肝、肾有严重疾病的人或脑血管病、溃疡、关节炎患者，以及妇女在月经期均不宜冬泳。

冬季有晨练习惯的人，遇大雾天，最好在室内进行，一是雾天能见度低，容易发生交通事故；二是冬雾中含有对人体有害的酸和胺等污染物，吸入人体易引起气管炎、喉炎、结膜炎和一些过敏性疾病。另外，冬季晨练应尽量用鼻呼吸，鼻道能对人的冷空气预热，鼻粘膜能阻止吸入空气中的灰尘。对于严重的疾病患者，冬天的耐寒锻炼更应适度。锻炼时应根据病情变化适当减少或增加幅度，以防旧病复发。注意循序渐进，掌握体育锻炼与药物治疗相结合的原则。在天气过于寒冷时，最好不要外出锻炼。

Physical Exercises in Winter

In this essay, the author gives some tips for self-health care in winter exercises.Firstly, special attention should be given to clothing during winter exercises.Meanwhile, it is important to keep warm during breaks, for strenuous exercises make our blood vessels expand and thus reduce our cold resistance.Secondly, more fat, protein, sugar and vitamins should be added in daily diet to meet the need of 10% higher energy consumption.Thirdly, if you want to go winter swimming, scientific instructions should also be followed.High-energy diet and cold shower in autumn are necessary for winter swimmer.At last, as for those who are fond of morning exercises in winter, the author suggests indoor exercises when there is heavy fog outside.

第二篇：英语摘要写作

英语摘要写作应试要点

写文章摘要，最忌讳逐字逐句地翻译汉语原文中的一些句子。不幸的是，许多考生往往这么做，尤其喜欢翻译第一句，这是因为他们不得写文章摘要的要领。在英语写作水平还没有到达高级程度的情况下，死译的结果就是写出来的东西错误百出，让人不忍卒读。由于时间和英语水平的限制，许多考生翻译的句子往往是东一句西一句，写出来的摘要没有逻辑，杂乱无章，成绩自然不会好。写好摘要的要点是：

总结出原文的中心思想。拿到原文，不要马上动笔，要用5――10分钟对原文进行再加工。这点非常重要，考生千万要记住。首先，看看阐述的是什么事物或事情，也就是文章的主题。看看是说明或描写事物的客观性质、作用、特征、前因后果、过程、意义、及方法，还是表明对事物的主观看法与态度。这样，找出作者的主要观点或论点。其次，看看作者是如何表达他的中心思想的，是描述、说明、比较、例证、定义、还是分类，并找出主要的论点。这里特别要注意的是，由于中文写作的散点思维的特点或者作者的思维素质，医学博士生英语入学考试所节选的中文文章，往往显得内容杂乱、观点不明，条理不清，很难总结。但无论如何，考生必须总结出一个条理大致清楚的、有若干主要论点支持的中心思想来。再加工是关键。在总结的过程中，考生可以将原文中的带有结论性的重要句子用笔划出来，帮助自己整理思想。近年来写作考试反映出来的考生的一个最大问题是，写出来的东西杂乱无章，东一句西一句，大大影响了考生作文的得分。记住，一定要使你写出来的摘要有一个明确中心思想，语句要连贯，有逻辑。

最好写出一个粗略的非常简单的汉语提纲和中心思想，形式不拘。汉语提纲和中心思想必须简单。语言和思想都要简单，否则考生无法用简单的规范的英语表达出来。可以说，总结再加工就是简化。考生要时刻想象，你的短文的读者是小学三年级的学生，你写出的东西要让他们明白。做到这一点，考生要摆脱原文语句的影响和束缚，因为那是为成年人看的。

汉语提纲和中心思想必须要有足够的概括性和总结性。概括性和总结性的语句往往是原文中没有的，需要考生自己写出来。许多考生往往受原文语句的影响和束缚，爱用原文中的一些语句，这样写出来的话缺乏概括性和总结性，影响了摘要的质量。

说你会说的。同一篇文章，不同人有不同的概括和总结；同一个意念，不同人有不同的语言表达。所以，文摘写作是允许有合理的个人再加工的差异的。考生在选择表达的语句时，要考虑自己的英语表达能力。也就是说，考生要尽量展示自己会的东西，尽量用有把握的表达方式表达原文的意思，或者说，尽量把原文的意思往自己掌握的句型上靠。

在以后的实战练习部分，将用例证说明如何写出粗略的非常简单的汉语提纲和中心思想。

考生在进行英语写作时，往往是先用汉语思维，再经过一个翻译转换的过程，表达成英语的。这样写出的英语毫无疑问地会受到汉语语句的表达方式的影响。面对一篇汉语原文时，情况就更是如此了。中国学生的英语写作中出现的种种毛病，根源就在此。

然而，英语思维的能力，或者说习惯，决不是一年半载能够培养出来的。那么，考生首先要做到的是，有意识地尽量克服汉语语句对自己英语语句写作的束缚和不良影响。头脑中出现的要写成英语的汉语语句，不能基本上字对字地直接转换成英语的语句。要找一个规范的符合英语思维表达习惯的英语句型，来表达大体相当的意思。字面上不要相等，但只要意思或者说意念大体相同就行了。这是一个从汉语思维到英语思维的过渡阶段，这种过渡能力就是我们考生应该慢慢培养的能力和习惯。有了这种能力和习惯，考生写出的英语才能象英语，才基本规范。

考生怎样才能培养和运用这种过渡能力呢？

就目前考生的水平而言，我们提出一条很实用很奏效的建议，希望考生牢记心中，尤其是在开始阶段以及考试的时候，那就是，写你会写的，不要写你想写的。这一点前面提到过，这里再详细说明。

出现在考生头脑中的，首先是具有成人特点的地道的汉语思维的语句，把这种语句直接写成英语，难度很大，结果往往弄巧成拙、适得其反、出力不讨好。我们需要把具有成人思维特点的地道的汉语的语句转换成具有儿童思维特点的简单的汉语语句，再转换成我们能够掌握和表达的规范的简单英语，这样就容易多了。

具体到医学博士生英语入学考试的摘要写作，要做到“写你会写的，不要写你想写的”，有两个技巧。一是规避，二是变通。下面举例说明规避。

规避不仅仅是因为意思及语句复杂，难以用英语表达，而且因为其意思及语句不属于主要论点，避而不谈之后，对中心思想的完整性影响不大。例如：

在97年的考题中，“碳水化合物是最主要也是最经济的功能营养素。1克碳水化合物能提供的热量为16.7千焦。蛋白质的供热量虽与碳水化合物相同，但价格较贵。1克脂肪能提供的热量为37.7千焦，但食物易产生饱腻感，无法摄入过多。”，“但是在碳水化合物提供热量不足的情况下，蛋白质和脂肪将首先被消耗以提供热量，不能发挥它们原有的功能，从而导致肌体生长发育迟滞。严重者可引起营养不良，表现为体重不增、食欲不振、各器官功能低下、容易反复感染等。”，“以3岁小儿为例，每日应得到的总热量为5.86兆焦，其中碳水化合物提供的热量应为3.5兆焦，约需碳水化合物210克，折合大米约280克。”，这些句子都可以避而不写。

又如，在04年的考题中，“民营医院的出现让人想起十几年前人们对超市的概念认识也是比较模糊的。即使总认为里面装修豪华、高档，但因货物很贵而不愿意进门。而今超市大大普及了，人们纷纷进入购物，因为物有所值。民营医院或许正有类似的经历，它也将有一个自然成长的过程。而2002年我国政府又提出了在卫生资源相对过剩的地方，鼓励投资者通过收购、重组现有公立医院的方式举办赢利性医疗机构和民办非赢利性医疗机构，提出了社会资本投资着重于目前服务能力较欠缺的老年慢性病护理、康复、婴幼儿保健等领域”，“不同于民营医院的是，医药费还可以报销。”，这些大段的话都可以基本不去考虑怎么用英语表达。

有时原文的语句很重要，不能规避，但用英语表达又有困难，这时可以考虑部分规避，也就是简化。如在04年的考题中，“随着社会观念的变化和政策环境的改善，民营医院必能与公立医院相辅相成，互争高低，成为医疗卫生界一道独特的风景，从而为人民群众提供更多更好的医疗服务。”是一句重要的结论性的句子，最好用英语表达出来。那么可以简化为“随着社会观念的变化和政策的改善，民营医院必能与公立医院一道为人民提供更好的医疗服务。”还有，“为了留住病人，公立医院开始实施全方位的改革措施，不仅在管理体制上、人事制度上进行改革，而且更多的是纷纷打起了技术、服务、环境、价格牌。”也可以简化为“为了留住病人，公立医院在管理上开始实施全面改革”。

在摘要写作的考试中，规避是比较容易掌握的技巧，但规避得恰到好处还需要有意识的注意，考生可以通过实战练习提供的参考摘要细心揣摩。

一个意念功能，可以用几种大体相当的语言方式表达出来，这是语言能力熟练的表现和结果。英语专业的学生，都经过长期的这方面的训练，才达到熟练的英语表达能力。这种训练叫paraphrase。Paraphrase的能力，就是变通的能力。非英语专业的学生，往往没有这种训练，也就很难用多种不同形式来表达同一种意念。但他们在培养英语写作能力的过程中，要有意识地注意练习和培养这种能力。

一个重要的意念，我们不能规避，但它的汉语表达形式让我们感到用英语表达不出来，或者感到硬用英语表达出来，结果多半是错的。这时，我们就需要运用变通的技巧，或者说能力。变通就是将汉语的意念，用我们能够掌握的英语形式大体相当地表达出来。变通的原则是把不会的变成会的，把复杂的变成简单的。这和上面说讲的“写你会写的，不要写你想写的”原则是一致的。后面课文中的句型讲解与练习，有大量的变通的实例，尤其是斜体标明的句子，考生们可以自己体会。

变通有词与词组层面上的和句子层面上的两种，下面再举例说明。

雌激素（estrogen）可以用female hormone来表示，冲动（impulse）可以用sudden excitement来表示，悲剧（tragedy）可以用sad result来代替，诱发（induce）可以lead to或result in来代替，慢跑（jog）可以用slow running 来表示。“打技术、管理牌”肯定不能说成“play technological and management cards”，可以根据不同上下文，变通成“改善技术、管理”（improve technology and management）或者“利用技术、管理”（make use of technology and management）。

要表达“乡村一级卫生院医疗质量无法保证。”，如果有考生觉得“质量无法保证”不好说，一下子又想不起来“保证”如何拼写，最好变通一下，说一个大概类似的意念就行了：“乡村一级卫生院医疗质量通常不好。”或者“你无法有好的医疗质量在乡村一级卫生院。”变通成我们熟悉的形式之后，表达起来成功的把握就大多了：You can not have good medical services in village clinics.，或者The quality of medical services in village clinics is usually poor.另外，同一种意念有多种表达方式时，我们的选择要注意使得文章中的句式有变化，或者是我们最有把握的那一种。如果原句为“洋医院的优势在于，病人能得到医务人员的尊重和周到的服务。”，可以表达的句式有“The advantage of foreign-invested hospitals is that a patient can enjoy respect and considerate medical services from medical workers.”（表语从句），“It is to the advantage of foreign-invested hospitals that a patient can enjoy respect and considerate medical services from medical workers.”（主语从句），“It is a great advantage of foreign-invested hospitals that a patient can enjoy respect and considerate medical services from medical workers.”（主语从句），以及“Foreign-invested hospitals have an advantage that a patient can enjoy respect and considerate medical services from medical workers.”（同位语从句），“Foreign-invested hospitals have an advantage, because a patient can enjoy respect and considerate medical services from medical workers.”（原因状语从句）。考生可以根据自己的具体情况来选择。再例如，“忽视人的心理社会背景，影响了医疗服务的质

量。”可以有以下表达：“If a doctor overlooks the social and mental background of his patient, his medical service can be weakened.”（条件关系、忽视），“Ignorance of the social and mental background of a patient can have a negative effect on the outcome of the medical service.”（忽视、影响），“Neglect of the social and mental background of a patient can harm the medical service.”（忽视、有害），“When a doctor does not pay attention to the social and mental background of a patient, he can not provide good medical services.”（注意、提供），以及“Ignorance of the social and mental background of a patient can result in poorer outcome of the medical service.”（忽视、因果关系）。考生可以根据自己所掌握的句型的熟练程度或上下文，在心中作出选择。

变通是一种必需的、有效的写作策略，考生在后面的句型讲解和练习中可以看到更多的运用。随着英语语言能力的提高，变通的能力和技巧也会日益熟练，写作不再是一件让人头痛的苦差事。

第三篇：2003考研英语写作重点

2014考研英语：11月，如何高效备考写作 2013-11-05 09:50

时至11月，考研随之也进入倒计时，作文，作为考研英语中占据30%分值的部分，绝对不容忽视。关于写作部分今年的大纲没有任何改动，虽然年年岁岁 题相似，但是岁岁年年愁煞人，对于广大考生来说，是最没有把握的部分。要想应对写作，光有好的英文基础还是不够的，要想拿高分，必须了解考试的目的，考试 评分要点，有的放矢的准备。一篇好作文应该是紧扣文章主题，遵循特定的文体格式，选用恰当的语言合理组织文章结构，内容统一、连贯，语法、拼写、标点正确，用词恰当。在考 研英语作文评分中，语言第一位，结构第二位，内容第三位。所以最重要的是无错误的语言表达，逻辑词的运用。一定要记住，阅卷老师阅卷时间极其有限，其评分 标准主要是错误量和语言的变化。这二者是高分的重要条件。英语是讲究变化的。这种变化不光是词汇还包括句型。请尽可能的回避掉那些被阅卷老师看得直想吐的 陈词滥句，比如，“I think”, “very important”之流。但是各位考生也千万不要为了追求词语的华丽而堆积一些自己也没把握的单词，不要刻意追求长句而写一些自己不知对错的有多个从句组成的长句，不要 因为大量套用很多难词难句而走进写的越多，错误越多，错误越多，分数越低的误区，词句的高级，语言的漂亮都应该是建立在表达准确的前提之下，不然还不如使 用简单但是正确的语言的得分高。所以，这是一个需要取舍的问题。所以不同的考生应根据自身的情况量力而行，要清楚知道你的能力极限是什么，那些难词难句是 否超出你的能力范围，适合自己的才是最好的。

最后为了降低错误率，写完之后，请务必检查一遍。英语写作时考生由于仓促，紧张等原因，很容易犯一些简单的，一眼就能发现的错误。检查不检查最 少有两分之差，看看拼写是否有误，主谓是否一致，单复数有无问题，时态正确与否。所以海文考研希望考生一定要留出几分钟时间用于修改。不要大幅度进行修 改，更不要因为修改破坏卷面整洁，卷面整洁永远比你想象的要重要的多。这直接影响阅卷人的第一主观判断。

语言的应用能力不可能一蹴而就，必须经过长期的实践锻炼，才能厚积薄发。

第四篇：英语3写作次重点

开放英语３写作

一、1.日常活动2.主要工作（职业活动）3.社交生活

Dear Bob, I’ll tell you something above my daily life in this email and hope you will find it interesting.I usually get up early and go to work at 8 o’clock.I have lunch in the office.And I come back home at six.As a secretary, I deal with phone calls, emails and faxes during work hours.I also do the paper work for the manager.After work, I like to do shopping with friends or watch TV at home.Sometimes, I also like to chat on the Internet.Best regards, Michelle 二.1童年的梦想2.目前的情况3.对未来的希望

Dear Jennifer, Thank you for telling me about yourself.I’d like to let you know more about me too.As a child, I wanted to be a detective.I thought a detective was really great because he could solve criminal cases to do justice.But my dream never came true.I’m now a librarian, dealing with books every day.The work is nothing thrilling, but I like it.Since there are more and more electronic materials, I hope that we will have an e-library built soon.Looking forward to hearing from you again.Best wishes, Ian 三.1.事件发生的时间和地点2.人物3.事件的经过

One day last week, a girl parked her car outside a fashion house.As soon as she was inside, two men opened the car door, started the engine and drove away in just one minute.When the girl recovered from the shock, she called 110.Luckily, there was a police patrol car nearby.So the girl got in the police car and they drove in the direction where the thieves escaped.Twenty minutes later, they found the car waiting at a busy crossroad for the traffic lights to turn green.Needless to say, the car thieves were caught red-handed.Part II.Use of English 四.1.自主(autonomous)学习与远程教育2.自主学习与合作(collaborative)学习3.你自己的学习情况 Autonomous learning is an important learning style in distance education.It is an essential skill for distance learners because they study alone most of the time.They do not meet their tutors or classmates very often.However, distance learners can learn a lot from each other.So autonomous learning and collaborative learning go hand.I am a distance learner.I have to do most learning tasks by myself.Meanwhile we have group activities every two weeks to complete some learning tasks or share experiences.I have found both forms of learning very helpful.五.1.有一种观点认为：城市生活比乡村生活好2.你对这种观点的看法3.你的结论

Some people believe that country life is better than country life.I don’t agree with this.Town life can be convenient to us in many aspects.For example, you can move around easily, shopping can be more fun in a big shopping mall and you can enjoy a more colorful nightlife.But there are also many disadvantages.It is much nosier than in the country.Air pollution is more serious.It is not easy to park your car.It costs more to live in town.To name but a few is enough.Therefore, I prefer country life.六1.保持身体健康的重要性2.保持身体健康的方法3.重申保持身体健康的意义

Nowadays, more and more people know the importance of keeping healthy.Without a healthy body, we can do nothing.For me, there are three main ways to keep healthy.First, it is necessary to keep a balanced diet, which is the basis of good health.It is better for us to have more fruit and vegetables everyday.Secondly, it is important to take regular exercises, such as swimming, jogging and so on.Last but not least, it is essential to keep in a good mood.Relaxation and entertainment are ways to renew our spirits and release our stress.When we make healthy habits a part of our everyday life, we are bound to keep healthy.七、1.哪一种是你最喜欢的交通方式2.阐述你的理由3.作出结论 In a modern city, there are many means of transportation, such as subway, taxi, bus and so on.But my favorite means of transportation is by bike.First, riding a bike is good for keeping healthy.I spend one hour riding a bike to my office on my working day, and I think it is a good form of physical exercise.Secondly, it is money-saving.Recently, the private car drivers always complain the price of gas is higher and higher, but if you ride a bike, it will cost you nothing.Thirdly, it is beneficial for protecting the environment, so it is a “green ”form of transportation.Therefore, although it has some disadvantages, I like riding a bike best.八、1.描述你家的位置2.各个房间的功能3.表达你对你们家居条件的态度 My home is a newly-built house in the north of the city.We have three rooms in addition to the kitchen and bathroom.The first room is the main room or living room.It is for having meals, relaxing, reading, watching television and so on.It is the busiest room in the house.The second room is my daughter’s bedroom.She sleeps and dresses there.The third room belongs to my wife and me.It seems quite spacious because we have little furniture.We sleep, prepare lessons and generally relax there.I think my home is cozy and I like my home.十.写投诉信（1）假设你是A.Banister, 你对正在你家进行的装修工程感到不满意，你向经理Mr Townsend 写一封70-80词的投诉信，将你的问题和所作的决定告诉他。（2）假设你是游客Mary Brown, 你曾于元月14，15日住在Hotel Royal，你对那里的住宿感到不满意，你向经理（不知姓名和性别）写一封70-80词的投诉信，将你遇到的问题和希望得到的解决方法告诉他。3．该题的具体要求:内容要点:（1）你遇到的问题；（2）你的决定或希望得到解决的方法。Dear Mr Townsend, I am writing to you to complain about the work on my house.I am not pleased with the work you have done.The chimney is not satisfactory, and I am unhappy about the path.I am also concerned about the roof.The quality of the work is not good enough in my opinion.I am also appalled by the mess in the garden.Generally I am very dissatisfied with the work.I am therefore withholding payment until you put it right.Yours sincerely, A.Bannister Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing to you to complain about my stay at Hotel Royal.I stayed there on the 14th and 15th January.I was dissatisfied with the shower.It was too cold.I was unhappy with the room.It was very dirty.Also I was surprised by the restaurant.It closed very early.I would like the hotel to refund me some of the money I paid.Yours faithfully, Mary Brown 十四．写提出忠告的电子邮件..假设你是Jim，你给一位健康状况欠佳的朋友Pat写一封120词左右的电子邮件，以自己的情况向她提出坚持锻炼的忠告。4．该题的具体要求.内容要点.（1）你朋友的问题及你的简况；（2）你向朋友提出的忠告。Dear Pat, Last time I saw you, you didn’t look too good.I felt just the same a few months ago, and so I started going to the gym, and I’m also on a diet and now I’m feeling really good.I hope you don’t mind if I give you some advice.You should go to the gym and get a personal trainer.You shouldn’t take the lift when you go upstairs and you shouldn’t take the bus to work.You should walk through the park.Always have fruit for breakfast and never eat too much fat.I am sure that if you stuck to this routine for a month, you would see the difference, and if you gave up smoking too, you would feel fantastic.Anyway, let me know how you get on.Good Luck!Jim 18．写一篇80词左右的短文，介绍中国的风俗习惯，给即将到中国访问的外国朋友提建议。该题的具体要求：内容要点：主要的文化差异及风俗习惯。In China, when you meet someone for the first time you shake hands and say, “ni hao?” meaning “How do you do?” The reply to it is another “ni hao?” If you are invited to someone’s house for dinner, it is usual to take a present – some toys for the children, or flowers, wine, tea, etc.for the host or hostess.But don’t give the presents at the door and don’t expect the hosts and hostesses to open the gifts.We only open the gifts until after the guest leaves.You don’t need to telephone the next day to thank the host, unless you want to.Chinese people tend to talk about personal things, and talk about a person’s age, so don’t feel offended about that.Good topics for small talk are children’s education, food, sports, health, holiday, weekend activities and so on.19、写一篇短文，描述你所认识的一位朋友。字数约为80词。该题的具体要求：内容要点：（1）人物的姓名，关系（name and relationship）。（2）描述外貌，性格（describe his/her appearance and character）。（3）描述行为（describe something that happened to him/her.）I’m going to write about my mother, Yang Meishun, who I like very much.My mother is medium height.I look up to her because she’s gifted in many ways and I learned a lot from her, such as cooking, knitting and handiwork.She likes cooking, walking and reading, and she doesn’t like singing KTV.She is warm, good-natured and outgoing.I remember once one of my friends wanted to learn embroidery, and my mother taught her patiently.She always invites my friends to come to our house.We get on very well.I like my mother very much.20、写一篇80词左右的短文描述你就读的学校的情况。该题的具体要求：内容要点：描述你过去或现在就读的学校的情况。On-the-job training and life-long learning is very popular now.Many people attend courses after work in order to improve themselves with more advanced knowledge and skills.I am one of them.I work as an accountant, and therefore I study at Shenzhen TVU, majoring in accountancy.I think the courses are specially designed to help us to pass the national examination for the professional title in accounting.We study part-time, attending the tutorials in the evening or at the weekend two or three times a week.Most of the time, we study at home, reading books or the Internet resources.By the end of each term, we take final examinations.If we pass all of the exams, we will gain enough credits and then get diplomas and degrees.21．假设你是吴华，想去北京21st Century 报社应聘，请根据下面表格写一封80-90词左右的应聘信。姓名吴华职业记者工龄11年出生年月1965年7月6日出生地中国吉林长春外语英语、日语、德语有何特长会使用计算机 个人简历1990年北京大学新闻系毕业 1990年至1996年12月在深圳日报社工作 1997年至1998年在英国BBC学习一年 1999年回报社新闻编辑部，任主任至今 Dear Sirs, My name is Wang Hua.I have been a journalist for eleven years.I’m writing to apply for the post of journalist you advertised for in the 21st Century.I was born in Changchun of Jilin Province on July 6th, 1965.I graduated from Journalism Department of Peking University in 1990.And then I worked in Shenzhen Daily From 1990 to December of 1996.I also studied in BBC in England for one year from 1997 to 1998.After that, I came back to Shenzhen daily in 1999 and have been the director of the news editorial department since then.Since I have such experience and I am good at computer and acquainted with three foreign languages including English, Japanese and German, I think I have the qualities to fit the job.Please give me an opportunity of personal interview on your most convenient date.I should be grateful if you could kindly give me an early reply.Yours sincerely, Wang Hua

23、假设你是一位顾客, 在一家商店买了一台彩色电视机。回家后发现没有图象，经过与商场营业员交涉，没有得到满意解决，你向商场经理Mr Gao写一封70 – 90词的投诉信，将你的问题和希望得到的解决方法告诉他。Dear Mr Gao, As a customer, I am writing to you to complain about the colour TV set that I bought from you market.When I brought it back home, I found it had no picture.Although I talked about this problem with the salesman, but I didn’t get a satisfactory solution.So I have to write to you.You must check it and put it right or exchange another one for me.Otherwise you should refund me the money I paid.I look forward to hearing from you.Yours sincerely, Mary Brown 24.你同学建华在国外学习，你们经常用英文通信。他即将完成学业，不久前来信说将回国工作。请根据下列提示回信：词数 80左右； Dear Jianhua, I’m very glad to have received the letter you sent me two weeks ago.I’m very glad to know that you have finished your studies abroad.And what you are studying is well needed nowadays in China.It will be quite easy for you to find a good job.I know a few big companies in our city are hoping to hire people like you.I’m working for the computer company now, and I must work from nine clock to five.If you are free, please come to visit me.I am looking forward to your letter.Best wishes, Minghua 25.根据下面的中文提示，写一封电子邮件给你以前的一位同学，字数要求不少于80)： 1.了解对方最近的学习情况。2.你的学习情况。3.请对方说说提高英语水平的经验。Dear Jane, How are you getting on with your study these days? Do you enjoy your study? Now we are studying politics, economics, maths, English, writing and so on.I find politics and maths interesting and easy to handle, while English is still my headache.The worse thing is: I have to take an English exam in the coming month.I am quite anxious about it.You are always good at English, I know.Can you tell me how to improve my English? I’ll really appreciate your help.Looking forward to your reply.Yours, Jack 8.My favorite means of transportation.（我最喜欢的交通方式）

In a modern city, there are many means of transportation, such as subway, taxi, bus and so on.But my favorite means of transportation is by bike.First, riding a bike is good for keeping healthy.I spend one hour riding a bike to my office on my working day, and I think it is a good form of physical exercise.Secondly, it is money-saving.Recently, the private car drivers always complain the price of gas is higher and higher, but if you ride a bike, it will cost you nothing.Thirdly, it is beneficial for protecting the environment, so it is a “green ”form of transportation.Therefore, although it has some disadvantages, I like riding a bike best.l.了解对方毕业后的情况2.你的近况。3.遨请对方方便时来访。

Dear li fang: It has been five years since we separated after graduation from college.After I have leaned by chance that you live in the same city with me, I am so excited about the fact that we are so near but never get any chance for a meeting.Five years is long enough to bring about many changes to us.I work in a trading company and met my husband there who is the vice manager of the same department I work.We just got married last year and we will have a baby in three months.I am very happy with my present life.I am so eager to know more about you.So would you contact me for a meeting as soon as you read my email? You can reach me any time at 33335555 Yours!Yang li l.告诉对方你最近将出去旅游。

2.了解对方所在地的旅游景点。3.请对方给予帮忙安排。

Dear Zhang lan: I am very glad to let you know that we will have a one-week holiday next month.You know I have been looking forward to a trip for nearly two years.So I collected two of good friends to enjoy the trip with me.After much consideration, we at last planned a trip to your city.You know we have got round to nearly every place worth seeing in my province.So this time we must take the chance to make a long journey.Your city is well known for its places of historic interests which greatly attracts us.But one week is not long enough to visit all of them.Thus we need your brief introduction of the places most worth a visit.Since it is the first time to go to your city, would you help us with an arrangement for a local trip and accommodation? Thanks!Guo feng 1.了解对方近来状况.2.通知对方同学将在元旦举行聚会.3.请对方参加。

Dear Zhouyi: Another year has passed since we met last time on the reunion party of former classmates.The only news about you is that you got a promotion, so would you reply me an email with more details about how you are getting on? This letter is mainly to inform you that this year's get-together of the former classmates will be held on the fist day of new year.You know this is the only occasion when we can catch up on each other.We are looking forward to your attendance by the time.Yours!Liang shan l.了解对方最近的学习情况。2.你的学习情况.3.请对方说说提高英语水平的经验。

Dear Li hua: It has been two years since we went to different colleges after our graduation.I know you were the best in English in high school, so I believe you are still in a leading place with English in your class.Last year I took the college English test band four, but I got so low a mark that I want to try again this term.I don't like my other subjects to be disturbed by only the English test.For a satisfactory result, I need your help with your experience of English learning.Thank!Deng ping 1.你的近况.2.请对方帮你购买英语语法书.3.遨请对方方使时来访。Dear Lihua, Five years is long enough to bring about many changes to us.I work in a trading company and met my husband there who is the vice manager of the same department I work.We just got married last year and we will have a baby in three months.I am very happy with my present life.Now I need an English grammar book..Can you help me to buy one? I can't find a suitable one here.I haven't seen you for ages.If you have time, please come here.I will show you around my city.It is worth seeing.I am so eager to know more about you.So would you contact me for a meeting as soon as you read my email? You can reach me any time at 33335555 Dengping 6.my hometown（我的家乡）

My hometown is called Wencun, located in Taishan county, Guangdong province.My hometown is at the seaside of the South Sea, it takes about two hours to get there from Jiangmen city.The population is about 50 thousand.They are mostly farmers and usually very friendly, but a bit conservative.People still hold onto a lot of old traditions, but they are very kind, for example, if you ask someone for directions, they are always try the best to help you out.It's a quiet place and I like it.10.Spring Festival Spring Festival is Chinese new year, it is also called the lunar new year and it’s the greatest traditional festival in a year.Before the day, we clean the room, sweep the floor, dust the furniture.We are all very exciting.In the evening, we have dumplings and have a big meal.In the morning of Chinese new year, we have noodles.We go out and visit friends and relatives.We say Good Luck and Happy New Year to them.We are dancing and singing.Everybody is happy and gay.9、Why we learn English English is one of the world's most widely used languages.and is spoken as a native language by over three handred million people in the world.English is often necessary for official business，education，information, international trade and other activities in many countries.Our country is a developing country, if we wants our country strong and rich, we must learn the advanced technology and science from the developed country.We should use English as a weapon in our life.So we must learn English well.

第五篇：英语摘要

1.U.S.Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius has apologized to the American people for the problems preventing many from signing up for（报名参加）health insurance coverage, as President Barack Obama said Wednesday the health care law is still the “strongest protector” for health care consumers。

2.I’m accountable to（对…..[人]有责任）you for fixing these problems。

3.I really have no idea whether or not I'll be offered a better plan,whether or not the government will help me subsidize（资助 vt.）it。

4.With recent elements of（少许，一些）his health care program under attack（受到攻击；在攻击之下）, President Obama has defended its promise。

5.The president promised millions of uninsured Americans that they could purchase comprehensive（综合的；有理解力的）health insurance plans at affordable rates。

6.The international community（国际社会）has condemned its brutal tactics（残忍的策略）of using chemical weapons and bombing schools, bakeries, hospitals, and refugee camps（难民营；难民收容所）.7.up to now到目前为止

8.Simply put, the world must act quickly and decisively（果断地；决然地）to get life-saving assistance to the innocent（无辜的）civilians who are bearing the brunt of the civil war.9.He called for transparent（透明的，显然的）justice a day before the start of the trial against the former president.10.Kerry says it is no secret that Egypt is going through difficult times following July's military-backed（军方支持的）takeover, but he told officials here that President Obama is confident Egyptians will overcome those challenges.11.Kerry did not mention the former president by name（名字，名叫）but said it is important that civilians face civilian justice.12.The restaurant is hosting fundraising events(筹款活动)to help people left homeless by the storm.13.Pam Windle is the organization's regional vice president（副主席）.14.one person with conviction can make a change.