第一篇：北师大版初中英语八年级上Unit 1 知识点总结(12年教龄高级教师总结,英语家教必备)
Unit 1 知识点总结
1．I have lots of posters on my wall．
1ots of也可以写成a lot of，意为“许多，大量”。后跟可数名词和不可数名词，相当于many／much。例如：
①He had lots ofbooks．
②She had lots of money．在否定句中常用many／much。例如：
①I didn’t have many books．
②You didn’t have much money．
2．I like playing the guitar„
play the guitar意为“弹吉他”。play后面接乐器时，乐器前要加the；后面接球类时，球类前要省略the。例如：
①That girl is playing the piano．
②The boys are playing football over there．
3．I prefer playing football．
prefer做动词，相当于like better，常用于prefer„to„结构中，意为“喜欢„„而不喜欢„„；比
起„„更喜欢„„”，其中to为介词，其后接名词、代词，若跟动词时，用doing形式。例如：
①I prefer English to Chinese．
②She prefers dancing to singing．
prefer后还可跟动词不定式做宾语，常用于prefer to do sth．rather than do sth．中，相当于would rather do sth．than do sth．，意为“宁愿做„„而不愿做„„”。例如：
①I prefer to work rather than have a rest．
②I prefer to do nothing rather than go to the cinema．
4．a member of成员之一 … …分子
①She is a member of the family．
②I hear he is a member of the Basketball Club．
5．I'd like to join the Music Club because I like playing the guitar．
would like表示“想要”，常用于口语中，语气较委婉。一般可用would like sth．，would like to do
或would like sb．to do等结构。接不定式时还可说would like(sb．)to do。would可与主语缩写为’d。例如：
①I’d like a cup of tea．
②He’d like to come and see you．
③I’d love／like to go and see her new house．
④I’d like to say goodbye to you all．
⑤would you like to have a coat like this?Yes．I'd like to．
Would you like／love„?这一疑问句一般用来向对方礼貌地提出请求、邀请或询问，这一表达要比Do you want„?语气委婉，常用于口语中。
对Would you like„?提出的问题肯定回答一般为Yes，I’d like／love to．(不能说Yes，1 would．)还可说Yes，please．／All right．／Yes．／o．K等。because常常用来回答why引导的特殊疑问句。例如：
①why were you late yesterday?Because I had much work to do．
②Why did they move here?Because they found work here and wanted to live in China．
because引导表示原因的状语从句。例如：
①
第二篇：北师大版初中英语八年级上Unit 1 知识点总结(12年教龄高级教师总结,英语家教必备)
Unit 1 知识点总结
1．I have lots of posters on my wall．
1ots of也可以写成a lot of，意为“许多，大量”。后跟可数名词和不可数名词，相当于many／much。例如：
①He had lots of books．
②She had lots of money．
在否定句中常用many／much。例如： ①I didn’t have many books．
②You didn’t have much money．
2．I like playing the guitar„
play the guitar意为“弹吉他”。play后面接乐器时，乐器前要加the；后面接球类时，球类前要省略the。例如： ①That girl is playing the piano．
②The boys are playing football over there．
3．I prefer playing football．
prefer做动词，相当于like better，常用于prefer„to„结构中，意为“喜欢„„而不喜欢„„；比
起„„更喜欢„„”，其中to为介词，其后接名词、代词，若跟动词时，用doing形式。例如：
①I prefer English to Chinese．
②She prefers dancing to singing．
prefer后还可跟动词不定式做宾语，常用于prefer to do sth．rather than do sth．中，相当于would rather do sth．than do sth．，意为“宁愿做„„而不愿做„„”。例如：
①I prefer to work rather than have a rest．
②I prefer to do nothing rather than go to the cinema．
4．a member of成员之一 … …分子
①She is a member of the family．
②I hear he is a member of the Basketball Club．
5．I'd like to join the Music Club because I like playing the guitar．
would like表示“想要”，常用于口语中，语气较委婉。一般可用would like sth．，would like to do
或would like sb．to do等结构。接不定式时还可说would like(sb．)to do。would可与主语缩写为’d。例如：
①I’d like a cup of tea．
②He’d like to come and see you．
③I’d love／like to go and see her new house．
④I’d like to say goodbye to you all．
⑤would you like to have a coat like this? Yes．I'd like to．
Would you like／love„?这一疑问句一般用来向对方礼貌地提出请求、邀请或询问，这一表达要比Do you want„?语气委婉，常用于口语中。
对Would you like„?提出的问题肯定回答一般为Yes，I’d like／love to．(不能说Yes，1 would．)还可说Yes，please．／All right．／Yes．／o．K等。
because常常用来回答why引导的特殊疑问句。例如： ①why were you late yesterday?Because I had much work to do．
②Why did they move here?Because they found work here and wanted to live in China．
because引导表示原因的状语从句。例如： ① I didn’t come here the day before yesterday because I was ill．
=1 was ill the day before yesterday so I didn，t come here．
②I can’t go with you today because I'm too busy．
=I'm too busy today so I c an’t go with you．
⑧We all like her because she’s very helpful． =She’S very helpful SO we all like her．
在汉语中可以说“因为„„所以„„”，但英语中用了because就不能再用so，用了so就不能再用because。because引导的县是原因状语从句．So连接的是一个并列句。6.Enjoyed
动词enjoy表示“喜欢„‘喜爱”，相当于动词like或love。enjoy后接名词或动词-ing形式。不能用不定式。类似enjoy这样的动词还有finish如：
①Do you enjoy(=like)your work?
你喜欢你的工作吗?
enjoy／finish reading，而不能说enjoy／finish to read。
enjoy oneself=have a good time，表示“玩得愉快”。如：
②we enjioyed ourselves very much at the party． 7．What did you thinkofit?。
think of的一些用法：
表示“考虑”时，think of相当于think about。如：
What do you think of? =What do you think about?
表示“想出”时，只用think of，不用think about。如：
Can you think of a Chinese name for him?
think of常与副词或副词短语连用，表示“对„„有某种看法”。如：
①What do you think of it?
②Some young people think well of F4’S performance． 8． help„with„
在某方面帮助某人
这个短语常用来表示帮助某人做某事，介词with后面常接名词或代词，表示需要帮助的事情。如： ② Could you help me with my homework?
②would you please help him with that problem?
③Let me help you with the heavy box．
help sb．with„和help sb．(to)do„许多时候可互换。help sb．(to)do„中的动词不定式符号to可有可无。如： ① The boy is helping his mother with(=to carry)the bag．
②Our teacher often helps US with(=Iearn)English．
③The children often help the farmers to pick apples(=with the apples)． 9．
get ready for后面接名词，接动词时应用get ready to do sth．，都表示“为„„作准备”，强调动作。
be ready to do sth．表示“准备就绪”“准备好了”，强调状态。如：
They are getting ready for the coming English test． 10． invite Vt．意为“邀请，招待”。
invite后接不定式的复合结构。例如： She invited him to sing．
invite后接“名词／代词+介词短语”，常用介词to。例如： I invited him to the party．
invite后接“名词／代词+副词／副词性短语”。例如： He didn，t invite me in．
11．except做介词；意为“除„„之外”，后接名词、代词、介词短语、副词、带to的不定式，表示把某一个人或物排除出某一范围，即不包含在内。例如：
I can take my holidays at any time except in August．(不包括8月在内)
除了8月我可以在任何时间度假。12.how often，how soon和how long
这三个疑问词组都用来询问时间，但意义各不相同。how often指动作发生的频率，即每多长时间进行一次，与一般现在时或一般过去时连用。回答一般是once a week，twice a month，every two days等这样的词语。how soon指还要多久将发生某个动作或达到某种状态，回答一般是介词in加表示时间段的名词，与一般将来时连用，如in two days，in three weeks，in aIl hour等。how long指某
个动作或状态持续了多久，与持续性动词的一般时或完成时连用，回答一般是for two hours，for a year，for two weeks等表示时间段的词语。13．What about／How about„?
用于询问对方或第三者与情景有关的各种情况。例如：
①My parents are both fine．What about yours?
②I’m going to the movies this evening．What about you?
③This white shirt is twenty pounds．
What about the blue one over there?
用于向对方提出一个建议，或征求对方的意见，后接名词或动词．ing形式。例如：
What about a cup of tea?
What about going for a walk after supper?
用于以上两种意义时，What about„?=How about„?两者在意思上没什么区别。
14．Mr．Brown will be free at three o，clock． be free=have time有空闲的时间。例如①Are you free tomorrow night?
be free to do„表示“可随意地做„„”。例如：
①You’re free to do anything on Sunday．
②She is free to leave or stay here．
free的反义词是busy(忙)。be busy with sth．或be busy doing sth．都表示“忙于做某事”。
15．late作为形容词，后接for，如：be late for class／work／the train 注意class，work前无冠词。late也可做副词，如：come late(来晚了)，sleep late(晚起床)，start later than„(比„„晚动身)。
later也是副词，指时间上的“后来”“稍后”；later on表示“以后”“下回”“不久”。later可用来指过去或将来，而later on一般指将来。指将来时，两者区别不大。
现在进行时表示将来
现在进行时的结构，不但可以表示现在正在进行的动作，还可以表示将要发生的动作，这是现
在进行时的一种特殊用法。
现在进行时有时可用来表示一个在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作，这时大多有一个表示时
间的状语，这种用法只限于某些动词，常见的有go，come，leave，meet，have，visit，start，arrive，return，move，travel等。例如：
①He is coming this afternoon．
②We are going to Shanghai for a holiday this spring．
When are you leaving?
①We are having a meeting this evening．
⑤She is meeting her grandparents tonight．
⑥They are moving to the factory in a few days．
[说明]并不是所有动词都能这样用，只限于上述一些动词。当然，表示短期将来也可以用
be going to do这个形式；如不强调打算或安排等概念，也完全可以借助于助动词will和shall来表达。
16．on a farm在农场①He works on a farm．
他在农场工作。17．
on one's own意为“独立地，凭自己，主动地，自愿地”。在句中做状语。如：
①He is living on his own now．
18．keep“保持，保存”，常用于“keep sbfsth．+形容词／介词短语”的结构中，表示某人或某物处于某
种状态或情况中。例如： ① We should always keep our classroom clean． 19．on time按时。准时 ①The plane arrived on time．
20.in time及时①If you hurry，you’11 get there just in time． 21．arrive at(in)的用法
arrive vi到达；抵达
如果表示“到达某地”之意时，则应用arrive in／at。较大的地点我们用in，小地点我们用at。同义词有get，reach。
get与to连用，构成get to，to后的宾语为副词时，to应去掉。reach为及物动词，可直接带宾语。
22．how often指动作发生的频率，常用些表示频率的单词或短语回答。如：usually，never，sometimes，once a week，twice a year等。
how long①指长度。例如：
How long is the Great Wall?
②指动作或状态持续的时间。例如：
How long did he stay there?
For three days．
第三篇：八年级英语上册Unit1课堂教学知识点归纳总结
八年级英语上册Unit1课堂教学知识点归纳总结 Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?
本单元的语法： 1.复习一般过去时；
2.学习不定代词和不定副词的用法。1.本单元出现的动词不规则过去式有： 1)isam--was是
2)are--were是
3)go--went去 4)buy—bought买
5)take--took拿走 6)dodoes—did 7)feed—fed喂
8)see—saw 看见
9)eat—ate 吃
2.不定代词和不定副词的用法： 不定代词和不定副词
（1）左边的some、any、every、no与右边的body、one、thing构成不定代词，some、any、every、no与右边的疑问副词where构成不定副词；
（2）一般情况下以some开头的不定代词和不定副词用于肯定句，以any开头的不定代词和不定副词用于否定句、疑问句；以no开头的不定代词和不定副词表示否定含义（no one为两个单词）；
（3）不定代词或不定副词和形容词连用时，形容词放在后面。
He has something important to do.他有重要的事情要做。（肯定句用something，形容词important放后）
10)havehas—had 有，吃
11)
feel—felt感觉
12)ride—rode骑
13)
get—got到达,得到
14)can—could能，会
15)
forget—forgot忘记
16)drink—drank喝
17)find—found找到
Did you buy anything special?（一般疑问句用anything，形容词special放后）Did you go anywhere interesting last month?上个月你去令人感兴趣的地方了吗？
(一般疑问句用不定副词anywhere，形容词interesting放后)（4）不定代词和不定副词做主语时，后面的动词用单数形式。Everyone is here today.今天每个人都在这里。
本单元的短语和知识点：
1.go on vacation去度假 go to the mountains 上山/进山
2.stay at home呆在家go to the beach去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆 go to summer camp去夏令营
3.study for tests为考试而学习备考
go out出去 4.quite a few相当多,不少（后跟可数名词复数）He has quite a few friends.他有不少朋友；
take photos照相 time大部分时间
5.buy sth for sb = buy sb sth为某人买某物
My mother bought me a sweater=My mother bought a sweater for me.我妈妈给我买了一件毛衣。
most of the 6.taste good.尝起来很好
taste（尝起来）、look（看起来）、sound（听起来）为感官动词，后跟形容词 The food tastes delicious.这食品尝起来非常可口。The T-shirt looks beautiful.这件体恤衫看起来很漂亮。The songs sound beautiful.这些歌曲听起来很优美。
7.have a goodgreatfun time过得高兴，玩得愉快（=enjoy oneself）They had a good time yesterday.= They enjoyed themselves yesterday.他们昨天玩得很开心。
8.(P3,3a)go shopping去购物 9.nothing…but+动词原形：除了……之外什么都没有
He had nothing to do at home but read yesterday.昨天他在家除了读书无事可做。10.seem to do sth:好像… I seem to know him.我好像认识他。
seem+（to be）+形容词：看起来…The work seems（to be）easy.这工作看起来很容易。
11.keep a diary记日记
arrive in+大地方：达到某地
（get to +地方：达到某地）arrive at+小地方：达到某地
(get的过去式为got)He arrived in Beijing yesterday.他昨天达到北京。
若是arrive和get后跟home、there、here三个地点副词，后面的介词inatto必须去掉。
Tom got home yesterday evening=Tom arrived home yesterday evening.昨晚汤姆到家。
13.decide to do sth:决定做某事
He decided to go home.他决定回家。14.try doing sth.尝试做某事
try to do sth.尽力去做某事 The boy tried riding bicycle.这个小孩试着骑自行车 He tried to help the old man.他尽力帮助这个老年人。15.feel like给…的感觉；感受到
16.in the past 在过去
walk around四处走走
enjoy doing sth:喜欢做某事
He enjoys playing basketball.他喜欢打篮球。
17.difference(名词，差异，差别)----different(形容词，不同的)18.start doing sth：开始做某事（= start to do sth）He started doing his homework.他开始做家庭作业。
19.over an hour一个多小时
（over超过，多余 = more than）20.too many 太多，后接可数名词复数。
Mother bought too many eggs yesterday.昨天妈妈买了很多鸡蛋。too much 太多，后跟不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。
We have too much work to do.我们有很多工作要做。Don’t talk too much.不要说太多。
much too 太，后跟形容词或副词The hat is much too big for me.这帽子对我来说太大。
You’re walking much too fast.你走地太快了。
分辨三者的口诀： too much, much too, 用法区别看后头:much 后接不可数,too 后修饰形或副。too many 要记住，后面名词必复数。
21.because of 因为,后接名词、代词或动名词（即动词+ing），不能接句子。
because因为，后跟句子。He can’t go to school because of the rain.他因为下雨没去上学。（rain为名词）
He was late for school because of getting up late.他因为起晚而上学迟到。（get为动词）
= He was late for school because he got up late.I don’t buy the shirt because it was too expensive.我没有买这件衬衣因为它太贵。
22.enough(足够的)与名词连用，一般放在名词前 He has enough money.他有足够的钱。(money为名词)enough(足够的)与形容词或副词连用，enough放在后面。He is old enough to go to school.(old为形容词)
23.forget doing sth.忘记已经做过某事（已经做完）forget to do sth.忘记去做某事（还未做）(forget的过去式为forgot)
Don’t foget to close the door.不要忘记关上门。（门还未关）
He forgot closing the door.他忘记已经关上门了。（门已经关上，但是他忘了）
24.another+数字+可数名词单数或复数：额外多少某物
He ate one apple,he wanted another two apples.他吃了一个苹果，还想再要两个。
25.so+形容词+that+句子：如此…以至于… too+形容词+to do sth：太…以至于不能…
形容词+enough to do sth：足够…能够做某事（注意三个句型有时可以互换）He is so young that he can′t go to school.他如此年轻以至于不能去上学。
= He is too young to go to school.他太年轻以至于不能去上学。= He isn′t old enough to go to school.26.tell sb(not)to do sth:告诉某人（不要）做某事
My mother often tells us not to play in the street.我的妈妈经常告诉我不要在街上玩。
第四篇：仁爱英语八年级上知识点总结
八年级英语（仁爱版）语言点
Unit 1 Sports and Games Topic 1 Are you going to play basketball? 1.see sb.do sth “看见某人做了某事” 强调动作的全过程,常与every day;often等连用.see sb.doing sth.“看见某人正在做某事” 强调动作正在进行.Eg : I saw you play basketball almost every day during the summer holidays.I often see him draw pictures near the river.我常看见她在河边画画.I saw her go across the street.我看见她过了马路
I saw her going across the street.我看见她正在过马路.[类似的有watch,hear,feel 等这类感观动词.] 2.join sb.表示 “加入某人的行列” “和某人在一起”
join + 组织
表示 “加入某个组织”
take part in
表示 “参加/出席某个活动”
如: Will you join us?
I will join the skiing club.She is planning to take part in the high jump.3.prefer to 更喜欢
（to是介词，后接名词、V-ing形式）
Eg：She prefers fish to meat.She prefers playing the piano to playing the guitar.4.arrive in + 大地点arrive at + 小地点
get to + 地点 = reach + 地点 如: My uncle arrived in Beijing yesterday.I arrived at the Great Wall.= I got to the Great Wall.= I reached the Great Wall.注意: reach here/there/home = get here/there/home = arrive here/there/home 5.leave„ 离开„„
leave for„ 动身去„/离开到„
如: They are leaving Beijing tomorrow.明天他们要离开北京.They are leaving for Japan the day after tomorrow.后天他们要前往日本.6.a few “几个;一些” 修饰可数名词
a little “一点点” 修饰不数名词 如: There are a few eggs in the basket.There is a little water in the bottle.7.how long 表示“多久(时间)”;提问时间段.how often 表示 “多常;多久一次”;提问时间的频率.如: They will stay in Beijing for a week.→ How long will they stay in Beijing?
He plays basketball twice a week.→
How often does he play basketball? 8..be good at(doing)sth.= do well in(doing)sth.擅长于(做)某事
如: She is good at(playing)baseball.= She does well in(playing)baseball.9..make sth/sb + adj.使某物(某人)在某种状态
keep „sth/sb + adj.保持某物(某人)在某种状态
如: Playing soccer can make your body strong.Swimming can help to keep your heart and lungs healthy.重点语法
一般将来时：
（一）be going to 结构: ①表示主语进行某一将来行动的打算、意图。这种打算常经过预先考虑并含有自己做好某些准备的意思，因此通常认为用be going to表达的行动很可能会见诸实践。
如：I’m going to play basketball with my classmates this Sunday.我打算本周日和同学们一起打篮球。
She is going to buy a sweater for her mother.她打算为她妈妈买一件毛衣。
②表预测。指根据迹象推测，而且马上或很快就要发生。
如：Look at those clouds.It’s going to rain.瞧那些乌云！快要下雨了！
（二）will + 动词原形：表示单纯的将来事实，常与表将来的时间状语如:tomorrow, soon, later, next time(week/month/year„)等连用。will not = won’t;缩略形式为’ll.表示作出立即的决定。这种意图并未经过事先的考虑或计划，是临时的一种决定。如：a.----Please put your things away, Tom.汤姆，把你的东西收拾好。----I’m sorry.I’ll do it right away.对不起。我马上就去做。b.----Would you like coffee or tea? 您要咖啡还是茶？
----I will have a cup of tea,please.我要一杯茶。
c.Don’t worry.I’ll help you.别担心。我会帮你的。表示预测。指说话人对于将来的看法、假设和推测。
如： I’m sure our team will win next time.我确信下次我们队会赢。Maybe she will go to the gym.也许她会去体育馆。
表示许诺。如： I’ll do better next time.下次我会做得更好的。
I’ll visit you tomorrow.明天我会去看你的。句式：肯定句：I/She/He/They will go to play baseball soon.否定句：I/She/He/They won’t go to play baseball soon.一般疑问句：Will you/she/he/they go to play baseball soon? 回答：Yes, I/she/he/they will.No, I/she /he/they won’t.（三）动词plan, come, go, leave, fly等用现在进行时表示将要发生的事.如： I’m coming.我就来。
He is leaving for Shanghai.他将到上海去。
We are going to Beijing.我们将去北京。
Topic 2
Would you mind teaching me ?
1.ill 与 sick 都表示 “生病的”, 只能作表语而既可作表语也可作定语.如: The man is ill/sick.那个男人病了.(作表语)
He is a sick man.他是个病人.(作定语)2.Would you mind(not)doing sth? 表示 “(不)做某事介意/好吗?” 如: Would you mind coming and checking it? 来修理它好吗?
Would you mind not smoking here? 不要在这儿吸烟好/介意吗? 3.one of + 名词复数
表示 “其中之一„„”, 主语是one,表单数.谓语动词用单数。
如: One of my teammates is strong and tall.其中我的一个队友又高又壮。4.miss “错过,思念,遗失”
如: I missed the last bus yesterday.昨天我错过最后一班车.He missed his mother.他想念他的母亲.My God!I missed(=lost)my key.天啊!我把钥匙弄丢了.5.do one’s best 尽某人的最大努力
= try one’s best We do our best to finish the task.6.be sure to do sth.= be sure that + 句子
“确定做某事”
如: We are sure to win next time.= We are sure that we will win next time.我们确信下次一定会赢。7.be sorry for„ “为某事抱歉”
be sorry to do sth.= be sorry(that)+ 句子 “很抱歉做了某事” 如: I am very sorry for what I said.我为我所说的话感到抱歉.I’m sorry I lost your book.= I’m sorry to lose your book.很抱歉弄丢你的书。8.tired adj.“（感到）疲惫的” , 主语是人
如: I feel tired today.今天我感到累了.tiring adj.“令人疲劳的”, 主语是事物
如:This job is tiring.这份工作令人疲惫.类似的有: excited 感到兴奋的 exciting 令人兴奋的 interested 感到有趣的interesting 有趣的 9.15-year-old “15岁的” years old “15岁”
如: He is a 15-year-old boy.= The boy is 15 years old.类似用法: 2.5-mile / 2.5 miles 10.instead “替代;相反”, 一般单独使用,放在句末,前面用逗号隔开.instead of„“替代„„;而不„„,相反”
如: I won’t go to Shanghai.I’ll go to Beijing, instead.我不会去上海而会去北京.= I’ll go to Beijing instead of Shanghai.I drank a lot of milk instead of water.我喝了许多牛奶而不是水.have fun doing sth.= enjoy doing sth.表示 “从做„„.中获得乐趣”
如: I have great fun running.= I enjoy running.我总能在跑步中得到很大乐趣。
Topic 3 Which sport will you take part in?
1.be ready for 为„准备
= prepare for
Eg：We are ready for the final exam
= We are preparing for the final exam 2.encourage 鼓励
(to + V)Eg：We should encourage children to look after themselves.3.take / do exercise 做锻炼
Eg：They often takes / does exercise in the morning.4.group up 长大
Eg：What are you going to be when you grow up.bring up : 抚养
5.a symbol of代表
= stand for Eg：The Tang costume stands for Chinese fashion culture and the long history of China.The Tang costume is a symbol of Chinese fashion culture and the long history of China.6.at least 至少
at most 至多
Eg：We need at least another two days to finish the task.There are 1000 students in this school at most.7.fill out + 名词
“填好„„” fill + 名词/代词+out 如: Please fill out this form.= Please fill this form out.请填好这张表格.Please fill it/them out.(当宾语是代词时, 只能放中间)请把它(们)填好.8.be afraid„
“恐怕” 指有礼貌地、委婉地拒绝别人.be afraid of„
“害怕(做)„„”
如: I’m afraid I won’t be free.我恐怕没有空.He is afraid of dogs.他害怕狗.They are afraid of losing the game.他们害怕输了比赛.9.may be “可能是„„”
may是情态动词 + be maybe “或许;可能”
maybe是副词
如: He may be a teacher.= Maybe he is a teacher.他可能是一名老师.He may know her name.= Maybe he knows her name.他可能知道她的名字.10.between 在两者之间
among
在三者或三者当中 如: The answer is between A and B.答案在A和B 之间.The winner is among of us.获胜者在我们当中.Unit 2
Keeping Healthy Topic 1 How are you feeling today? 1.身体某个部位 + ache，表身体某处疼痛。
如: headache 头痛
backache 背痛
stomachache 胃痛
toothache 牙痛 2.medicine
“药”（为不可数名词）
pill
“药片”（为可数名词）如: take some medicine
吃些药
take some cold pills
吃些感冒药 3.with
“含有„”
without “没有”
Eg：hot tea with honey 加蜜的茶
coffee with sugar and milk
加糖和牛奶
mooncake with eggs 含鸡蛋的月饼
Chinese tea with nothing = Chinese tea without anything 中国清茶
Go to school without(eating)breakfast.没吃早饭去上学。4.well 康复
well 是副词，修饰动词。作为形容词来用时，是“身体健康”的意思。Eg：She dances well.(well是副词)
Take care of you，you’ll be well soon.(well是形容词)good是形容词，“好的”
eg：He is a good boy.5.You’d better go to see a doctor.你最好去看医生
see a doctor 看医生
had better(not)do sth 最好（不）做某事 Eg：You’d better ask your teacher for help
You have a fever，Let’s see a doctor.Your leg is hurt，you’d better not move.6.have a rest 休息一下
Eg:You look tired ,why not have a rest? 7.until
“直到„为止”;句中动词一般为延续性动词
not „until„
“直到„才„”;句中动词一般为短暂性动词
如: He will wait for his father until ten o’clock.他将等他父亲一直到10点为止.He won’t leave until his father comes.直到他父亲来他才离开.8.plenty of„ “充足;大量”
既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词, 只用于肯定句, 相当于a lot of„/ lots of„
many
“许多”, 修饰可数名词
much
“许多”, 修饰不可数名词 如: You should drink plenty of /a lot of boiled water.你应该喝大量的开水.You shouldn’t drink so much water.你不应该喝这么多水.I have many/lots of/a lot of/plenty of books.我有许多水.Topic 2 I must ask him to give up smoking.1.be good for„
对„„有益
be bad for„
对„有害 如: Swimming is good for health.游泳对健康有益.Reading in strong sunlight is bad for the eyes.在强烈的阳光下看书对眼睛有害.2.enough adj.“足够的”
修饰名词时, 既可放在名词之前, 也可放在名词之后.(但通常放在名词之前)如: I have enough time/ time enough to finish this work.我有足够的时间完成这项工作.There is enough food in the fridge.冰箱里有足够的食物.adv.“足够地”
修饰形容词或副词时, 均放在所修饰词的后面.如: He is tall enough to reach the apple.他足够高,能够得着苹果.He speaks clearly enough.他讲得足够清楚.3.need “需要, 必需”
作实义动词: need sth.需要某物
need to do sth.需要做某事 如: I need some help.我需要一些帮助.You need to see a doctor.你需要去看医生.He needs to take a bus.他需要去搭车.作情态动词: need + 动词原形
如: If she wants anything, she only need ask.她想要什么东西, 只要开口就行了.You needn’t finish this work today.你不必今天完成这项工作.4.too much + 不可数名词
表“太多的„”
much too + 形容词
表“太„”，much 起加强语气作用
如：Don’t eat too much meat.不要吃太多的肉。
He is much too fat.他实在太胖了。5.give up 放弃
Eg|：In order to keep healthy，you must give up smoking and drinking.6.Staying up late is bad for your health.熬夜有害你的健康.(V-ing短语做主语)
staying up（late）熬夜（到很晚）6.throw about 乱扔
Eg：We shouldn’t throw litter about.7.in public 公共的
Eg：We shouldn’t smoke in public.8.more than 超过
less than 少于
Eg：There are more than 1000 students in that school.I do morning exercise less than three times a week.9.must “必须, 一定”
如: We must study hard.我们必须努力学习.must表示推测时一般用于肯定句；在疑问句和否定句中一般应用can,否定句中也可用功ay,但may not表示“可能不”，而can't表示“不可能”；
(4）否定句中，mustn't表示禁止，意为“不允许”。以must开头的疑问句，肯定回答应用must，而否定回答则常用needn't,needn't表示“不需要、不必”，相当于don't have to。如：
There's someone knocking on the door.It must he Jim.有人敲门。肯定是吉姆。
Eg-Must we keep the windows open all the time?
-No, we don’t have to./ No, we needn’t.(注意回答时不能用No, we mustn’t.)* have to “不得不,必须”, 侧重表示因客观条件或客观环境的迫使而＂不得不做某事＂．（可用于各种时态）如：It’s too late.I have to go now.太迟了.现在我得走了.I had to borrow some money at that time.那时我不得不借了一些钱.Topic 3 We should do to fight SARS?
1.hurry up 赶快 2.be on TV 上电视 Eg：He is on TV 3.go ahead 向前走 ； 着手干
Eg：Go ahead and you will find a bank.-Mr.Wang ,I want to ask you a question.-Go ahead.4.build up 使强健
Eg:We must do as much exercise as we can to build up our bodies.5.take care of 照顾
= look after Eg: The boy is too young to take care of himself.= The boy is too young to look after himself.6.It’s my duty to save the patients.挽救病人是我的职责。
It’s my duty to do sth 做„是我的责任 Eg：It’s our duty to keep the classroom clean.7.on 通过，使用
Eg：Now，more and more students learn English on Internet.8.Long time no see.好久不见。
9.talk with sb.表 “与„„交流” , 指 “与人平等地交流、讨论”
talk to sb.表示 “找某人谈话” , 在口语中常 “责备某人” 如: Jim’s father is talking with the teacher.吉姆的父亲正在和老师交谈.I will talk to him about his careless.我要找他谈话,批评他的粗心大意.10.teach oneself 自学
= learn by oneself
Eg：His family is too poor to afford his education ,so he teach himself after school.11.enjoy oneself = have a good time 玩得高兴
12.help sb(to)do sth = help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事 如: I helped my mother cook at home.= I helped my mother with the cook at home.我在家帮我母亲做饭.Unit3 Our Hobbies Topic 1 What hobbies did you use to have ? 1.What beautiful stamps!(Page 53)哇，那么漂亮的邮票！what引导的感叹句
（1）.What +a(an)＋形容词＋可数名词的单数形式＋主语十 谓语！
What a beautiful girl she is！
她是一个多么漂亮的女孩呀！
（2）.What＋形容词＋可数名词的复数形式＋主语＋谓语！女日：
What important jobs they have done！
他们做了多么重要的工作呀！
（3）.What＋形容词＋不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！如：
How sweet water it is！多甜的水呀！
how引导的感叹句
（1）.How十形容词或副词＋主语＋谓语！如：
How interesting the dog is！多么有趣的狗呀！
（2）.How＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词的单数形式＋主语＋谓语！如：
How useful a subject they are learning！
他们正在学的科目多么有用呀！
（3）.How＋主语＋谓语！如：
How time flies！时间过得真快呀！
技巧总结：从后往前划出主语、谓语，然后看前部的中心词，名词用what，形容词、副词用how。
2.We can learn a lot about people, places, history, and special times from stamps.(Page 53)通过这些邮票我们可以学到许多关于人文、地理、历史和特殊时代的知识。
a lot “许多、大量”，用在动词后，同very much。如: eg： She had told me a lot about how to learn English well.另外，a lot of 和lots of 的意思也是“许多、大量”，要用在名词前，在肯定句中常代替much，many。Eg：There are a lot of / lots of history books in the room.屋里有许多历史书。
There is still a lot of / lots of snow on top of the house.房上仍有许多雪。
a lot of和lots of之间没有多大区别，都可以与可数名词和不可数名词连用。与不可数名词连用时，动词用单数，与可数名词连用时，动词用复数。见上述例句。
3.What things do you love collecting?(Page 53)你喜欢集什么东西？ love + doing表示“喜欢、爱好”，也可以用like+ doing表示。如： 1）I love listening to the music.我爱好听音乐。
5.I am interested in playing sports.(Page 54)我对运动感兴趣。
be interested in(doing)sth.“对„感兴趣”如:
I?am interested in reading books.我对读书特别感兴趣。
Jack is interested in football.杰克对足球很感兴趣。
6.What do you often do in your spare time?
在你的业余时间里面你都做些什么啊？ in one’s spare time “在业余时间”“在闲暇之际”，也可用in one’s free time替换。如: eg：I shall do it in my spare time.我会在我的业余时间做这件事。
In my free time I often go to the movies.在闲暇之际，我常去看电影。
?7.I often go fishing.(Page 55)我经常去钓鱼。go + doing表示“去做某事”
go +v-ing结构很常用，多用于体育活动和业余娱乐活动。如: 1)Let’s go fishing next Sunday.下星期天我们去钓鱼吧。
2)Are you going hiking this weekend?这个周末你打算去远足吗？
另外还有：go hunting 去打猎??go shooting 去射击??go swimming 去游泳 go bathing 去沐浴??go shopping 去购物??go climbing 去爬山 8.And I do a lot of reading.我通常都是阅读一些书籍。在英语中有不少由“do + doing”的结构，表示“干某事”。如： 散步?do some walking ?? ?do a lot of walking 读书?do some?reading
do a lot of reading 洗衣服?do some?washing
do a lot of washing 买东西?do some shopping
do a lot of shopping 清扫?do some cleaning
do a lot of cleaning 9.Why not go out and do some outdoor activities?
为什么不走出去做一些户外运动呢？用why not do sth
用来征求对方的意见或表达建议。使用这种句子必须要有上下文，如：
Why not run a little faster?为什么不跑快一点呢？
11.And I wasn’t interested in sports at all.我对运动一点兴趣都没有。not...at all “一点也不„„”；“全然不”。如： 1）I didn’t mind it at all.我一点也不在意。
2）—Thank you for helping me.谢谢你帮助我。—Not at all.没关系。12.I used to know little about paintings.我过去不太懂绘画。
little和few都含有否定的意思。表示“不多”；“很少”。little相当于not much, few相当于not many。little与不可数名词连用, few与可数名词复数连用。如：
I have little time.我的时间很少。
Few people would agree with him.没有多少人同意他。而a little和a few含有肯定的意思，表示“一些”；“几个”（虽然少，但有一些）。如：
There’s a little water in the glass.杯子里还有点儿水。
I still have a few friends in Beijing.我在北京还有几个朋友。13.I enjoy listening to rock music.(Page 56)我喜欢听摇滚音乐。
enjoy意为“喜欢，欣赏”，含有“乐于、享受„„之乐趣”之意，其后可以跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。enjoy oneself表示“玩得愉快”之意。
The Greens enjoy living in China.格林一家喜欢在中国居住。
Did you enjoy yourself in the zoo?你在动物园玩得愉快吗？
Many foreigners enjoy Chinese food.很多外国人喜欢中国菜。
prefer意为“宁愿、更喜欢”，用于两者之间的选择，其后可跟名词、代词、动名词或不定式。prefer...to...表示“宁愿„，不愿„”，“喜欢„而不喜欢„”，其中to为介词，后可跟名词或动名词。如：
Which do you prefer, tea or coffee?
你比较喜欢喝茶，还是喝咖啡？
I prefer walking to cycling.我喜欢步行胜过骑单车。
My brother likes maths, but I prefer English.我哥哥喜欢数学，而我更喜欢英语。
14.Did you use to go swimming during?summer vacations? 在暑假里，你过去经常去游泳么？
during “在„的期间、在„的时候”。如：
eg
The sun gives us light during the daytime.太阳在白天给我们阳光。
He called to see me during my absence.当我不在的时候他来访过我。
15．I used to do that in the pond in front of my house.(Page 57)我过去常在我家门前的池塘里游泳。
in front of “在„„的前面”；指在物体外部的前面。而in the front of “„„的前部”；指在物体内部的前面，即前部。注意它们的区别。试比较：
eg:
There is a tall tree in front of my house.我家房前有一棵大树。
The driver is sitting in the front of the car.司机坐在汽车的前面。
16.When they are free, people usually do what they like.当人们空闲的时候，他们总是做一些自己喜欢的事情。
free “有空、空闲”，be free可以替换为have time。如：
eg:
Are you free this evening? = Do you have time this evening? 你今天晚上有空吗？
If I am free, I am going to visit the museum.= If I have time, I am going to visit the museum.如果有时间，我打算去参观博物馆。
17.such as
比如„
Eg|：They also paint pictures or collect things such as coins, dolls or stamps.他们也绘画或者收集一些东西，例如：硬币、娃娃或邮票。
eg: We study several subjects, such as Chinese, maths, English and physics.我们学习很多的科目，比如语文、数学、英语和物理。
18.When people become old, hobbies can keep them healthy.When people are sick, hobbies can help them get well sooner.当人们变老的时候，爱好可以帮助他们保持健康。当人们身体虚弱的时候，爱好还可以帮助他们很快地康复。本句中become, keep, be, 与get都是系动词。系动词的基本用法是其后加形容词做表语。三.语法学习
used to do sth.这一结构表示过去的习惯（过去经常反复发生的动作）或状态（暗含的意思是现在已不复存在），只有一种形式，即过去式，用于所有人称。used to的否定形式为：used not to do或didn’t use to do。疑问句为Used you to...? 或 Did you use to...?如：
eg: He used not to like Peking opera, but now he’s very fond of it.他过去不喜欢京剧，但现在非常喜欢。
现在大多数人在口语中或不太正式的书面语中对否定句和疑问句常使用与do 连用的形式。例如： 1)I didn’t use to like skating, but now I like it very much.我过去不喜欢滑冰，但现在很喜欢。2)Did you use to go there?你以往常去哪儿？
3)There used to be a theatre here, didn’t there?以前这里有一座剧院，是不是？
另外，注意be used to doing sth.与used to do sth.的区别：
be used to doing sth “习惯于„„，适应于„„”如:
eg: He is used to working hard.他习惯于努力地工作。
eg: He used to bring me roses when he came to see me.过去他来看我时,常带玫瑰花。
be used to do sth.“某物被用来做某事”。如：
eg: Computers can be used to do a lot of work now.如今电脑可用来做许多事.3.He doesn’t mind whether they’re good or not.他并不介意它们是否是好的。
此句为以whether引导的宾语从句。whether...or not“不论是否„”。如：
eg: You have to get up early everyday whether it rains or not.你必须天天早点起床，不论是否下雨。
if与whether的区别。
whether 后可紧接or not，而if一般不能。
eg: Let me know whether or not you can come.你能来还是不能来，请告诉我一声。whether引导的宾语从句可移到主句前，if则不能。如：
eg: Whether this is true or not, I can not say.这件事是否真实，我说不上。
不定式前用whether，不用if。如：
I haven’t decided whether to go to the cinema or to stay at home.介词后可用whether，不用if。如：
I haven’t settled the question of whether I’ll go back home.我是否回家还没有定。Topic2 What sweet music!1.What kind of musical instrument can you play?(Page 62)你会弹什么种类的乐器？ kind 是“种类，类型”的意思。如：
a kind of 一种，all kinds of各种各样，what kind of 什么类型的。如: eg: Dumpling is a kind of Chinese food.饺子是一种中国食品。
eg: There are all kinds of books in Beijing Library.北京图书馆有各种各样的图书。eg: What kind of room would you like, a double room or a single room? 2.They are very popular among young people.(Page 64)它们在年轻人当中很流行。among 介词“在„„当中”,“在„„中间”，用于三者或三者以上；而between也是介词“在„„当中”,“在„„中间”之意，则只能用于两者之间。如：
eg: Tom runs fastest among the boys in his class.eg: Mary is sitting between the twins.玛丽坐在双胞胎的中间。? 8.Guo Lanying, Song Zuying and Tenger are famous for their folk songs.(Page 64)be famous for“以„„而著名”, “因„而出名”。如：
eg: Gui Lin is famous for the stone forests.桂林以石林而著名。be famous as „
作为„出名
Eg: YaoMing is famous as a basketball player.9.In the fall of 1976, a-14-year-old high school student, Larry Mullen, looked for some musicians.look for “寻找”，强调“寻找”的过程，而find“找到”，则是强调“找到”的结果。如： I looked for it everywhere, but I can’t find it anywhere.? 10.They continue making music.他们继续创作音乐。continue + to do sth./ doing sth./ n.“继续做某事”。如：
eg：After having a rest ,he continued to read/writing/ a story 继续阅读/写作/一个故事 ?11.And people all over the world still enjoy their music very much.all over the world 全世界
12.His father asked a music teacher to teach him to play the piano.ask sb.to do sth.“让某人做某事”。如：
eg: I often ask my uncle to help me with my maths.我常请我叔叔帮我学数学。
还有一些其他类似的用法。如：
tell sb.to do sth.?告诉某人做某事
want sb.to do sth.想让某人做某事
teach sb.to do sth.教某人做某事
play the piano?“弹奏钢琴”。
在英语中，在表示弹奏、演奏乐器时，所有的乐器前面都要加定冠词the，如： play the guitar?/piano?/violin/drums
英语中表达玩球类项目时，我们通常在球类项目的名词前不加定冠词。如：
play football踢足球
play basketball打篮球
play bridge cards打桥牌
play?chess下棋 13.He says violin music is his favorite and it makes him happy.make +sb+adj.结构。如： The news made us very exciting.这个消息使我们很激动。
Topic3 What were you doing from seven to nine yesterday? 1．I called you but nobody answered the phone.answer the phone? “接电话”
answer “回答，答复”。如： eg: Have you answered his letter? 你回了他的信吗？ 2.Yeah, I think so.(Page 71)是，我也这样认为。
I think so.的否定形式一般为I don’t think so.例如：
—Do you think classical music is very popular in China? 你认为古典音乐在中国很流行吗？ —No, I don’t think so.不，我认为不很流行。
3.And I also like the young man with light hair.我也喜欢那个留着浅色头发的年轻人。with “有”。如：
a girl with blue eyes碧眼女郎
4.I agree with you.我同意你的意见。
agree with sb.同意某人的看法。如：
I don’t agree with her.我不同意她的意见。5.There’s nothing serious.没什么严重的事。nothing serious “没事”。
注意此结构的用法。用来修饰代词something, anything, nothing, somebody, anybody, nobody等的形容词，要放在被修饰词的后面。如句中serious要放在nothing的后面。如：
eg: Would you like anything else?你还要点儿什么吗？
eg: I’ll tell you something important.我要告诉你一件重要的事。6.Well, Miss Wang was angry with me.王老师生我的气了。
注意be angry?后所跟的介词：be angry with + sb.?生某人的气
be angry at + sb.对某人的言行气愤 be angry about + sth.对某事生气 如：
eg: He was angry with her for what she did.他对她所做的感到生气 eg: He was angry at being kept waiting.他因旁人使他久等而生气。
eg: He was angry about so much traffic in the street.他对街上那么多的车辆而气恼。? 7.In the early 1800s, Sunday was the “holy（神圣的）day”.1800s表示19世纪，同样的，1900s则表示20世纪。8.spend度过；花费（时间、金钱）。结构有：spend...on sth., spend...(in)doing sth.如：
eg: He spent 5 yuan on the post card.他买这张明信片花了5元钱。
They spent three days looking for the lost sheep on the hill.cost 的主语是物
eg：The dictionary cost me ＄10.pay for 为„付款
eg：I paid ＄10 for the dictionary.take 的结构为It takes sb „to do sth。
Eg：It take me a hour to finish my homework.9.复习过去进行时.Unit 4 Our World Topic1 Plants and animals are important to us.1.cover 覆盖
eg：He covered the pan with a piece of paper.2.Thousands of 成千上万的hundreds of 成百上千
hundred / thousand 复数+ of Eg: We plant thousands of trees every year.3.feed on 以„为主食 eg: Horse feed on grass.We live on rice.(讲人时用 live on)4.复习形容词的比较级和最高级的构成
Topic 2 I am sure there are no UFOs.1.take the place of 取代
= instead of eg：Robort can take the place of humans to do most of work in the future.= Robort can do most of work instead of humans in the future.2.mistake„for 把„弄错
eg：People often mistake some man-made objects for UFOs.3.be late for 迟到
eg：Hurry up ,or you will be late for school.4.wake up 叫醒
eg：Please wake me up at 6:00 tomorrow.5.How is everything going these days? Topic 3 The builders used to live models, didn’t they? 1.order 命令
eg:The cruel emperor ordered his men to fight for him.2.be made up of „ 由„组成
eg: The Great Wall is made up of thousands of huge stones.3.from then on 从那时起
from now on 从现在起 4.join together 连接在一起
Eg：Joining the short ropes together，you’ll get a longer one.重点语法
(一)情态动词: must 与 have to ① must
＂必须;一定”, 表示有做某一动作的必要或义务,侧重表达说话者的主观看法.（只有一种时态）如：We must wash hands before meals.饭前我们必须洗手.We must eat healthy food.我们必须吃健康的食物.② have to
“不得不,必须”, 侧重表示因客观条件或客观环境的迫使而＂不得不做某事＂．（可用于各种时态）如：It’s too late.I have to go now.太迟了.现在我得走了.I had to borrow some money at that time.那时我不得不借了一些钱.*----Must we keep the windows open all the time?----No, we don’t have to./ No, we needn’t.(注意回答时不能用No, we mustn’t.)
(二)电话用语: Hello!Could /May I speak to„, please? 你好!我能跟„„通话吗? May I take a message? 我能捎个口信吗? This is Kangkang.我是康康.Hello!Who’s that? 你好!你是谁?
Review of Units 1---2 break the window
打破窗户（玻璃）get lost
丢失；迷路 on one’s way(to)
在„.的路上 take the wrong bus
搭错车
one of the most popular sports
最受欢迎的运动之一 a group of people
一群人
form an international organization
成立一个国际组织 put sth in low places
把某物放在低处 eat sth by mistake
误吃
put„away
把„收起来 ask for three days’ leave
请三天的假
①must
“必须, 一定”
如: We must study hard.我们必须努力学习.mustn’t “不可以”
如: You mustn’t walk on the lawn.你不可以在草坪上行走.②should
“应该”
如: We should finish it on time.我们应该按时完成它.shouldn’t “不该”
如: You shouldn’t go to school late.你不该上学迟到.③had better “最好”
如：You had better go to bed early.你最好早睡。
had better not “最好不”
如：You had better not go to bed late.你最好不要迟睡。④may
“可以”
如: May I come in? 我可以进来吗? “可能”如: You may get a headache when you work too hard.当你工作太努力时,你可能会头疼.(一)询问病情
What’s wrong/the matter/ the trouble with you ? 有什么不舒服? How are you feeling now? 你现在感觉怎么样? Do you have a cold? 你得了感冒了吗?(二)诉说病情
1.I feel terrible./ I am feeling terrible.我感到难受.2.I have a headache/stomachache/„.我头痛/肚子痛„..3.I can’t sleep well at night.我晚上睡不4.好觉.5.I cough day and night.我日日夜夜地咳嗽.6.But my left leg hurts when I move it.但是当我移动时,我的左腿疼.(三)表示同情
1.I’m sorry to hear that.听到这事我感到难过.2.That’s too bad.那太糟了.3.Bad luck.倒霉.(四)表达建议
1.You’d better(not)do sth.最好(不2.)做某事.3.You should/shouldn’t do sth.你(不4.)应该做某事.5.Shall I take you to the hospital?
我带你去医院好吗?
Would you like to go hiking with us? 你想和我们一起去远足吗? What/How about going hiking with us? 和我们一起去远足怎么样? Why don’t you go hiking with us? 你为什么不和我们一起去远足呢? Why not go hiking with us? 为什么不和我们为什么不和我们一起去远足呢?呢? Let’s go hiking.让我们一起去远足吧!Would you mind going hiking with us? 你介意和我们一起去远足吗? Would you please go hiking with us? 和我们一起去远足好吗? Shall we go hiking? 我们一起去远足好吗?(shall在疑问句中与I 和we连用,表示提出或征求意见.意思为 “„„好吗?/ 要不要„„?)(五)请求和回答
Requests
Responses
Could you please do me a favor? Sure.What is it?
Will you join us? I’d be glad to.Would you mind teaching me? Not at all.Let’s go and practice.(六)道歉和回答
Apologies
Responses
I’m sorry I didn’t call you last night.Never mind.I guess you were busy last night.I’m sorry I’m late for class.That’s OK.Please take a seat.I’m sorry I lost your book.It doesn’t matter.That book isn’t important to me.I’m sorry I broke your pen.Don’t worry.I have another pen.
第五篇：八年级上英语知识点总结(已整理)
八年级上英语语法点滴
1)leave的用法
1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。
例如：When did you leave Shanghai?
你什么时候离开上海的？ 2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地，前往某地”。
例如：Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London.下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了。3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。
例：Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing?你为什么要离开上海去北京？
2)情态动词should“应该”学会使用
should作为情态动词用，常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等，有“竟会”的意思，例如：How should I know? 我怎么知道？
Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚？
should有时表示应当做或发生的事，例如：
We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。
我们在使用时要注意以下几点：
1.用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如：You should be here with clean hands.你应该把手洗干净了再来。
2.用于提出意见劝导别人。例如：
You should go to the doctor if you feel ill.如果你感觉不舒服，你最好去看医生。
3.用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如：
We should arrive by supper time.我们在晚饭前就能到了。
She should be here any moment.她随时都可能来。
3)What...? 与 Which...? 1.what与which 都是疑问代词，都可以指人或事物，但是what仅用来询问职业。如: What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的？
该句相当于：What does your father do? What is your father's job?
Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。如：
---Which is Peter? 哪个是皮特？--The boy behind Mary.玛丽背后的那个男孩。
2.What...? 是泛指，所指的事物没有范围的限制；而 Which...? 是特指，所指的事物有范围的限制。如：
What color do you like best?（所有颜色）你最喜爱什么颜色？
Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow?（有特定的范围）
你最喜爱哪一种颜色？
3.what 与 which 后都可以接单、复数名词和不可数名词。如：
Which pictures are from China?
哪些图片来自中国？
4)频度副词的位置
1.常见的频度副词有以下这些：
always（总是，一直）
usually（通常）
often（常常，经常）
sometimes（有时候）
never（从不）
2.频度副词的位置：
a.放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词后面。如：
David is often late for school.大卫上学经常迟到。
b.放在行为动词前。如： We usually go to school at 7:10 every day.我们每天经常在7：10去上学。
c.有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾，用来表示强调。如：
Sometimes I walk home, sometime I ride a bike.有时我步行回家，有时我骑自行车。
3.never放在句首时，主语、谓语动词要倒装。如： Never have I been there.我从未去过那里。
5)every day 与 everyday
1.every day 作状语，译为“每一天”。如：
We go to school at 7:10 every day.我们每天7：10去上学。
I decide to read English every day.我决定每天读英语。
2.everyday 作定语，译为“日常的，每天的”。
She watches everyday English on TV after dinner.她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。
What's your everyday activity?
你的日常活动是什么？ 6)什么是助动词
1.协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词（Auxiliary Verb）。被协助的动词称作主要动词（Main Verb）。
助动词自身没有词义，不可单独使用，例如：
He doesn't like English.他不喜欢英语。
（doesn't是助动词，无词义；like是主要动词，有词义）
2.助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用，可以用来：
a.表示时态，例如： He is singing.他在唱歌。
He has got married.他已结婚。
b.表示语态，例如： He was sent to England.他被派往英国。
c.构成疑问句，例如：
Do you like college life? 你喜欢大学生活吗？
Did you study English before you came here?你来这儿之前学过英语吗？
d.与否定副词not合用，构成否定句，例如：
I don't like him.我不喜欢他。
e.加强语气，例如：
Do come to the party tomorrow evening.明天晚上一定来参加晚会。
He did know that.他的确知道那件事。
3.最常用的助动词有：be, have, do, shall, will, should, would 7)forget doing/to do与remember doing/to do
1.forget to do sth 忘记要去做某事。(未做)
forget doing sth 忘记做过某事。
(已做)
The light in the office is still on.He forgot to turn it off.办公室的灯还在亮着，它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)
He forgot turning the light off.他忘记他已经关了灯了。(已做过关灯的动作)
Don't forget to come tomorrow.别忘了明天来。(to come动作未做)
典型例题
----The light in the office is still on.----Oh，I forgot___.A.turning it off
B.turn it off
C.to turn it off
D.having turned it off
2.remember to do 记得去做某事
(未做)
remember doing 记得做过某事
(已做)
Remember to go to the post office after school.记着放学后去趟邮局。
Don't you remember seeing the man before? 你不记得以前见过那个人吗? 8)It's for sb.和 It's of sb.1.for sb.常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：
It's very hard for him to study two languages.对他来说学两门外语是很难的。
2.of sb 的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。
It's very nice of you to help me.你来帮助我，你真是太好了。
3.for 与of 的辨别方法：
用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for。如：
You are nice.(通顺，所以应用of)。
He is hard.(人是困难的，不通，因此应用for。)9)对两个句子的提问
新目标英语在命题中有将对句子划线提问这一题型取消的趋势，现在采取的作法是对一个句子进行自由提问。例如：
句子：The boy in blue has three pens.提问：1.Who has three pens?
2.Which boy has three pens?
3.What does the boy in blue have? 4.How many pens does the boy in blue have?
很显然，学生多了更多的回答角度，也体现了考试的灵活性。再如：
句子：He usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday.提问：1.Who usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
2.Where does he usually go with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
3.What does he usually do with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
4.With whom does he usually go to the park at 8:00 on Sunday?
5.What time does he usually go to the park with his friends on Sunday?
6.When does he usually go to the park with his friends? 10)so、such与不定冠词的使用
1.so与不定冠词a、an连用，结构为“so+形容词+a/an+名词”。如：
He is so funny a boy.Jim has so big a house.2.such与不定冠词a、an连用，结构为“such+a/an+形容词+名词”。如：
It is such a nice day.That was such an interesting story.11)使用-ing分词的几种情况
1.在进行时态中。如：
He is watching TV in the room.They were dancing at nine o'clock last night.2.在there be结构中。如：
There is a boy swimming in the river.3.在have fun/problems结构中。如：
We have fun learning English this term.They had problems getting to the top of the mountain.4.在介词后面。如：
Thanks for helping me.Are you good at playing basketball.5.在以下结构中：
enjoy doing sth
finish doing sth
feel like doing sth
stop doing sth
forget doing sth
go on doing sth
remember doing sth
like doing sth
keep sb doing sth
find sb doing sth
see/hear/watch sb doing sth
try doing sth
need doing sth
prefer doing sth
乐于做某事
完成做某事 想要做某事
停止做某事
忘记做过某事
继续做某事
记得做过某事
喜欢做某事
使某人一直做某事
发现某人做某事 看到/听到/观看某人做某事
试图做某事
需要做某事
宁愿做某事
mind doing sth
介意做某事
practice doing sth
练习做某事
be busy doing sth
忙于做某事
can't help doing sth
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