第一篇：专八写作解题策略
专八写作解题策略
一、审题
1.2004班《英语专业八级考试大纲》要求考生“按题撰文”。
2.抓提示信息
(1)固定信息
一般情况下，题意要求规定了作文的大致结构与各段落的主要内容。（可取任意真题中作文的题意要求为例；“按题撰文”，任意发挥，必然失分）
（2）具体信息
（以2001年专八真题为例）
二、筹划
1.45分钟内一般没有足够的时间写出较为完整的草稿。
2.具体步骤
（1）提出自己的观点，确定文章的中心句。
（2）搜集相关资料，并对资料进行分类，从而形成从不同侧面证明主题句的段落雏形。
（3）对材料进行取舍。
（取舍标准：既与每个段落的主题句相关，又能提供最为充足的证据证
明主题句。）
（以2008年专八写作真题范文为例。）
三、写作
打破陈旧开头式、句句紧连丝丝扣、段段逻辑组一体、层次分明条理晰、字迹清楚加整齐。
四、检查
文章的标题是否得当、句法结构有无错误、语法是否正确、过渡词使用是
否恰当、标点符号使用的是否恰当、字母大小写是否存在问题。
第二篇：六级高分写作解题策略
六级高分写作解题策略
一、解题技巧
英语六级写作解题时间为30分钟，分为三步：5分钟审题和构思，20分钟写作，5分钟检查可能犯的错误。下面分步骤说明。
(一)审题和构思
事实上提供给写作的时间不止30分钟。一般来说，各考场会提前5分钟左右将答题卡一发到学生手里，大一点的考场甚至可能提前10分钟发卷。这5到10分钟不允许学生作答，但考生完全可以用来做作文部分的审题和构思工作。注意审题一定要仔细，按要求写作，不得擅自改动题目，给定的提纲不得有遗漏，否则会按比例扣分。尤其注意，不要因为事先自己背过或练过哪篇相似的文章而死搬硬套。否则后果很严重。如，2008年12月六级写作真题题目是College Students’ Mental Health，提纲为
1.心理健康对于大学生很重要
2.鉴于此，学校可以……
3.我们自己应该……”
而在考试之前我出过一道类似的模拟题，题目为“Psychological Problems Among College Students”，提纲为
1.很多大学生有严重的心理问题
2.产生这些问题的原因
3.如何解决这些问题”
可以看出，我给的提纲是按照比较规矩的三段论来的，即“提出问题、分析问题、解决问题”。但真题的提纲并未要求考生分析问题，反倒有两段要写解决问题。有的考生因为看过或背过模拟题的范文，就直接照搬，导致了失分。
另外，构思不是打草稿。并不建议学生练习写作时养成打草稿的习惯。因为考场上时间有限，打完草稿再誊写很可能来不及。另外，更重要的原因是考场上不发草稿纸，一般也不允许往里带纸，难以找到打草稿的地方。考生只要花三五分钟做一下构思即可，即想象一下每段大致写什么，可以记几个关键词(比如在准考证空白的地方)提示自己，在接下来的二十分钟里面按照这几个关键词提示的内容扩展就行。一般来说，要求不少于150词的文章最好写到180到200词，就句子数目来说，如果分三段，每段也就三到五句话，平均四句一段。那么整篇文章大约10个关键词就可以做好构思。以2009年6月六级写作真题为例。
Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On the Importance of a Name.You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.1.有人说名字(或名称)很重要
2.也有人觉得名字(或名称)无关紧要
3.我认为……
构思第一段时，想到可以来一句铺垫的话，如“名字重不重要是个有争议的话题”，可以写下controversial或topic，作为关键词；下一句是“有人说名字(或名称)很重要”，可以先写下important.再往后想两条理由或例证即可。理由如“好名字容易被记住，因而可以给人来机会”(关键词remember或opportunity)，和“按照传统理论起的名字可能会对人起到暗中庇护的作用”(关键词tradition或shelter)；例证如“有人认为毛泽东伟大是因为名字就大气，Bill Gates有钱是因为他的名字可以表示钞票，姓表示很多大门，很多大门都来钱，所以有钱”。第二、三段情同此理。其实第一段想好了，后两段也就容易了。比如第二段可以将第一段的理由或例证反过来用，第三段可以总结或折中一下。字数还是比较容易写够的。
(二)写作
写作的过程当中，要注意这样几条高分策略。
字迹清楚，段落明朗(clear)：字体不要太大，也不要太小，以行间距的三分之一到二分之一为合适；另外，大小要一致，不要忽大忽小；字母的倾斜方向要一致，不要东倒西歪；要抵着给出的虚线写，不能上窜下跳；总之，要给阅卷人清楚、工整的感觉。段落一般为三段，采用段首缩进式，即每段开头空4至8个字母的格，每段段首缩进的量要一致，要让阅卷人一目了然。
内容完整，紧扣提纲(complete)：一般来说，六级写作都会给出三点汉语提纲，考生应严格按照三点写成三段。不要有遗漏，也不要随意改变提纲要点的顺序。因为阅卷人要在30秒左右的时间打出分数，所以不希望看到与提纲严重背离的作文。
首保正确，再求闪光(correct)：这一条是最核心的，因为在写作时间和篇幅都比较短的情况下，考生写出的内容几乎是一样的，唯一的判断标准几乎就是语言的质量。要首先保证语法和拼写正确，哪怕用小词、短句也可以。有能力的话再追求闪光的词句。例如，有考生在写2009年6月的作文时，写出了这样的开头句：There is no denying the fact that the vital of name has been a hotly debated topic in China.这句话是套用我以往范文给过的句子，基本结构是对的，但有两处明显的错误。一处为vital，是个形容词，而这里应该用名词。作者可能想用一个牛词来替换importance以显示用词多样，结果弄巧成拙。另外一处错误为name之前应该有冠词a，其实题目中都给了，结果这位同学忽略了，缺乏基本的语法意识。其实作文中常犯的语法错误除了冠词错误，还包括时态错误、名词和动词单复数错误、代词不一致错误、词性错误以及句子主谓不完整错误。下笔时一定要谨慎。篇幅关系这里不能赘述。
先总后分，连词用上(coherent)：这里说的是段落的结构和连贯性的问题。英语文章特别喜欢先总后分或开门见山的格局，另外，段落之间和句子之间的形式连接手段特别明显，即关联词用的很多。在写作的时候，几乎就是把给出的三点提纲作为每段的开头句，然后再加上两三个扩展句即理由或例证句就可以了。当然有时候为了论证自然或扩展字数也可以加上一点铺垫的句子。如2009年6月真题作文开头一句既可以是Some people claim that names are of great importance.也可以是There is no denying the fact that it is a controversial topic whether names are important or not.然后再说Some hold the positive view.后面再加上两三句论证的话。论证句或扩展句之间最好有连接词，如First, Second, Besides, Also, Similarly, In the same way, However等等。
语言简练，论据得当(concise)：不要？嗦，不要过于重复和堆砌。有些考生背诵了一些经典的句型，为了凑字就全用上了，给人低层次的感觉。如最后一段用同学写道：As far as I am concerned, weighing the pros and cons of the arguments, I am inclined to agree with the latter point of view.其实As far as I am concerned和weighing the pros and cons of the arguments用一个就行了。另外，尽管内容不及语言重要，但也肯定会影响分数的。考生应尽量平时多练，以期在考场上也能很快想到一些有力的理由和贴切的例证。另外，要敢于表达自己的思想，不要一味地为了保证语言正确而裹步不前，只说一些小学生的话。如有同学写09年真题第一段时写道：Some people think that names are important.They say that, if a person has a name, we can remember him.If he does not have a name, we cannot remember him.这样的作文倒是没有语言错误，但肯定也得不了高分。
(三)检查
其实考生应该在下笔写作的时候就谨慎，仔细，避免错误，但即便这样，错误也是会有的，包括语法和拼写错误，尤其对于平时缺乏练习的同学来说。那么就需要留几分钟通读一下，检查和改正。注意，要改的是一些语法或拼写错误，而不是作内容上的大的改动，换言之，是改一些词或词组，而不是改整个句子或段落，因为那样会造成卷面混乱，导致低分。要想避免内容上的错误，构思时就要想好，落笔时就要谨慎。还有改正错误要注意方式，尽量不要用涂改液或涂改带，以免有作弊嫌疑，也不要在一个词上涂画太多，影响卷面整洁。一般可以用一条斜线划掉错词，然后在其上方写出正确的，或者用胶带或刀片之类轻轻将错词去掉，然后在原位置写出正确的。
二、冲刺方略
即使到考前剩的时间不多，写作也是大有可为的。要做的事情有两件，一个是背，一个是练。
背主要是背范文，从实战出发，可以背模拟题的范文。背的目的有两个，一是掌握一些常用的经典句型，在考场上应急，另外是学习范文的思路和文章结构，以期为己所用。背不要贪多，一种类型的文章背一篇也就差不多。如果按我课上讲的把作文分为五大类，那差不多背五篇就行。而且实在不能一字不差的背下来也不要太担心，背下大部分就行。其实，与背范文同样重要的是背诵一些自己在阅读里看到的比较有感觉的好词好句，那样可以避免与别人写成一样的。
练也是练模拟题，因为考过的写作真题再考的可能性几乎是没有的。数量大约5到10篇，也就是每种类型一到两篇。练的时候可以用背诵过的模板，但最好还是能用自己的话，不敢肯定的话可以写完之后去查查字典，实在不敢肯定的可以请教别人或使用范文的说法。其实练模拟题主要目的并不是为了押题，而是提高构思和英汉转换的速度，为了培养一批自己比较喜欢的好词好句。
2009年6月六级写作真题参考范文
On the Importance of a Name
There is no denying the fact that it is a controversial topic whether names are important or not.Some hold the positive view.They claim that a good name, or a name that can be easily remembered, can bring one a lot more opportunities than others.Some Chinese may also believe that a name designed according to the traditional theory of five elements can bring good luck.Others, however, hold the opposite view.They argue that a name is nothing but a code to distinguish one from another.A person “good” name may not be as successful as the name indicates.In the same way, a person who has a common or casually given name can also achieve tremendous success.Personally, I believe that both sides have something right, so we should not go to extremes.On the one hand, we have to admit that a well designed name can help a person to some extent.On the other hand, we should not exaggerate the effect of a name on a person’s fate.Anyway, a person’s success mainly depends on his hard work and desirable personalities.(186 words)
第三篇：专八写作话题精选（最终版）
如何看待在校大学生打工（１）
【题目】
In some countries, teenagers have jobs while they are still students.Do you think this is a good idea? Support your opinion by using specific reasons and details.【范文】
In many countries it is common for teenagers to take part-time jobs while they are still in high school, while in other societies this is virtually unheard of.In the latter situation, students are expected to spend all of their time on their studies and consider schoolwork their “job”.In my opinion, students benefit more from a more balanced lifestyle, which may include working at a part-time job.Therefore, I believe that it is a good idea for students to work while studying.While it is true that a student's most important goal must be to learn and to do well at his studies, it does not need to be the only goal.In fact, a life which consists of only study is not balanced and may cause the student to miss out on other valuable learning experiences.In addition to bringing more balance to a student's life, part-time work can broaden his range of experience.He will have the opportunity to meet people from all walks of life and will be faced with a wider variety of problems to solve.Furthermore, work helps a student to develop greater independence, and earning his own pocket money can teach him how to handle his finances.Finally, a part-time job can help a student to develop a greater sense of responsibility, both for his own work and for that of the team he works with.For all of these reasons, I firmly believe that most students would benefit from taking a part-time job while they are in high school.Of course, they must be careful not to let it take up too much of their time because study is still their primary responsibility.In sum, living a balanced life is the best way to be successful.［参考译文］青少年与打工
在许多国家，青少年普遍会在高中时期打工。然而在有些国家，这几乎是前所未闻的。如果是后者的情况，那是因为一般认为学生应把所有的时间花在学业上，把学业当作是自己的“工作”。我认为，生活方式越均衡，对学生就越好，而均衡的生活则须包含打工。所以我认为，在就学期间打工是个不错的想法。
虽然学生最重要的目标的确必须是学习，而且功课要好，但这不必是学生惟一的目标。事实上，只重视学业的生活并不均衡，这可能会使学生错过其他珍贵的学习经验。打工除了使生活更均衡外，还可拓展学生的经验。学生可以有机会见识各行各业的人，而且会面临更多各种不同的问题需要解决。此外，工作帮助学生更加独立，而且自己赚零用钱还可以教导他如何处理自己的财务。最后，打工可以帮助学生培养对自己的工作和团队工作更大的责任感。
基于这些理由，我坚决相信，大多数学生在高中时期打工都能获益。当然，他们也必须小心，不要让打工占据太多时间，因为学业仍然是青少年首要的责任。总之，过均衡的生活才是最佳的成功之道。
讨论汽车快速发展利与弊（２）
以下文章主要讨论小汽车的利与弊（Advantages and disadvantages of private cars）。
With the fantastic spur both in industry and in economy in China, the number of people who own private cars is on the rise.Some people have bought cars of their own, and others are planning to buy cars.But there have been two quite different views on this phenomenon.Some claim that there are many advantages brought about by cars.First, the automobile industry provides jobs for countless workers and strong support for other industries.Second, if conditions permit, owning a car can make us work more efficiently.Finally, life will become more convenient.A car allows one to move freely and with a car there is no need to wait for the bus in the cold or under the burning sun.However, others strongly object to the increase in developing private cars.They hold that automobiles will give rise to a series of problems.In the first place, as more and more cars are produced and run in the street, a large volume of poisonous gas will be given off, polluting the atmosphere and causing actual harm to the health of people.Next, private cars contr123te to traffic congestion so greatly that the advantages gained in comfort and freedom are often cancelled out by the frustration caused by traffic jams.The last problem is the increasing number of car accidents that have killed and will kill a lot of people in a friction of a second.In my opinion, although automobiles have been playing a vital part in the daily activities of our society, they also bring us numerous troubles such as more serious environmental pollution, more traffic accidents and more 123rgy consumption.They drink up huge amounts of fuel and throw out huge amounts of pollutants.Traffic accidents kill thousands and thousands of people each year and cripple more.Jams waste our precious time.Therefore I am against developing private cars.每天养成存钱习惯的好处(3)
【题目】
Is it better to enjoy your money when you earn it or is it better to save your money for some time in the future? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.【范文】The Advantages of Saving Money
Everyone must work to live, but many people are fortunate enough to make more money than they immediately need.What should they do with this extra income? While it is tempting for people to spend it all on things they desire, I believe it is better to save at least a portion of the extra income for the future.By saving money, people give themselves more security.They cannot predict the future;perhaps one day they will be jobless.At a time like this their savings can spare them a great deal of suffering and help to see them through the hard time.In addition, saving money allows people to build up a larger sum.They can then buy something more worthwhile than the small things they can but if they spend the money right away.For example, they may be able to buy a house with their savings.Finally, the practice of saving helps people develop the habit of setting goals and planning for their future.In this way they are bound to lead more meaningful and successful lives.Most people would like to enjoy their money immediately.Nobody likes to wait for the things that he wants.However, if we learn to save our money, we can gain more advantages in the future.We will lead more secure and, thus, happier lives.We will also be able to buy the things we truly want but cannot afford right now.【参考译文】：存钱的好处
每个人都必须工作以求生存，但是有许多人很幸运，能够赚得比他们立即需要的还要多的钱。他们应该如何处理这些额外的收入呢?尽管把钱全花在自己想买的东西上是很诱人的，但我认为最好至少把一部分的额外收入存起来，以备将来之需。
通过存钱，人们能获得更多的安全感。未来是无法预测的，或许有一天我们会失业。碰到像这样的情况，存款可以让我们免去许多痛苦，帮助我们渡过难关。此外，存钱可以使人积累较多的钱，可以用于买更有价值的东西，比马上把钱花掉所能买到的东西更有用。例如，我们可以用存款买房子。最后，存钱能帮助我们培养设定目标及为未来作计划的习惯。如此一来，我们一定会过着更有意义并且更成功的生活。
大部分的人会想要马上享用手边的钱。没有人想等到以后再买想要的东西。然而，如果我们学会存钱，未来可以获得更多的好处。我们将过着更有安全感而且更快乐的生活。我们也能购买我们真正想要但现在无法负担的东西。
书本知识与实践经验哪个重要(4)
【题目】
It has been said, “Not everything that is learned is contained in books.” Compare and contrast knowledge gained from experience with knowledge gained from books.In your opinion, which source is more important? Why?
【范文】 Book Knowledge vs.Experience
Knowledge can be acquired from many sources.These include books, teachers and practical experience, and each has its own advantages.The knowledge we gain from books and formal education enables us to learn about things that we have no opportunity to experience in daily life.We can study all the places in the world and learn from people we will never meet in our lifetime, just by reading about them in books.We can also develop our analytical skills and learn how to view and interpret the world around us in different ways.Furthermore, we can learn from the past by reading books.In this way, we won’t repeat the mistakes of others and can build on their achievements.Practical experience, on the other hand, can give us more useful knowledge.It is said that one learns best by doing, and I believe that this is true, whether one is successful or not.In fact, I think making mistakes is the best way to learn.Moreover, if one wants to make new advances, it is necessary to act.Innovations do not come about through reading but through experimentation.Finally, one can apply the skills and insights gained through the study of books to practical experience, making an already meaningful experience more meaningful.However, unless it is applied to real experiences, book knowledge remains theoretical and, in the end, is useless.That is why I believe that knowledge gained from practical experience is more important than that acquired from books.【参考译文】 书本知识与实际经验
获得知识的来源有很多，其中包括书本、老师，以及实际经验，而每一种都有其优点。
从书本上及正规教育中所获得的知识使我们知道在日常生活中没有机会亲身去体验的事。通过读书，我们可以研究世界各地的资料，还可以向不曾谋面的人学习。我们也可以培养分析的技巧，并学习如何以不同的方式去观察并理解周围的世界。此外，我们可以通过读书，从历史中获取教训。如此一来，就不会再重复别人的错误，并且能够以他人的成就作为我们行动的基础。
另一方面，实际经验能够给我们更多有用的知识。大家都说从做中学的效果最好，我也认为的确如此，无论一个人成功与否。事实上，我认为犯错是最好的学习方式。此外，如果想要有新的进展，就必须要付诸行动。想要创新，只靠阅读是不够的，必须要去实践。最后，我们可以将通过读书所获得的技巧和见解应用于实际经验中，使得原本有意义的经验变得更有意义。不过，除非我们能将书本知识运用于实际经验中，否则书本知识终究仍只是理论，毫无用处。那就是为什么我会认为从实际经验中获得的知识比从书本中所得到的知识更为重要。
居民住房附近有工厂的利弊(5)
【题目】
A company has announced that it wishes to build a large factory near your community.Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this new influence on your community.Do you support or oppose the factory? Explain your position.【范文】 A Factory near the Neighborhood
Having a factory near where one lives brings with it both advantages and disadvantages.An obvious advantage is an increase in the number of available jobs, and many people in the community might find employment in the new factory.The factory would bring money into the community in other ways as well.It would have to pay some taxes to the local government, and workers might go shopping or eat at a restaurant in the area before or after their shifts.However, the factory would bring some disadvantages, too.Depending on what kind of factory it is, it might pollute the environment and bring down property values.It would be sure to increase traffic in the area, causing congestion and making it unsafe for children to play outside.Finally, the neighborhood would become a noisy, busy place.For all of these reasons, I would be opposed to the construction of a new factory near my community.While the employment opportunities would help the community, I believe it would be better for residents to commute to work and preserve the peace of our neighborhood.【译文】 住家附近的工厂
住家附近有工厂既有优势也有弊端。一项明显的优势是工作机会会增加。社区内的许多居民可能会在新工厂找到工作。工厂也会以其他方式为社区带来收入。它必须上缴给当地政府部分税金，工人也可能会在轮班工作的前后在当地购买东西或在餐厅用餐。
然而，工厂也会带来某些弊端，这取决于工厂的性质。它可能会污染环境，造成房地产价格下跌。工厂一定会使当地的交通流量增加，导致交通阻塞，使得小孩在外面玩耍变得不安全。最后，社区附近地区会变得既热闹又嘈杂。基于这些理由，我反对在社区附近兴建新的工厂。虽然就业机会能造福社区，但我认为还是居民乘车上下班，保持社区附近环境的安宁比较好。
运气在事业成功中的作用(6)
【题目】
“When people succeed, it is because of hard work.Luck has nothing to do with success.” Do you agree or disagree with the quotation above? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your position.【范文】 The Role of Luck in Success
It has been said that when people succeed, it is because of hard work and that luck has nothing to do with success.Although I believe that hard work is very important and is the surest way to success for most people, I must disagree with this statement.It cannot be denied that luck often plays an important role in success.For example, many important discoveries have been made by accident.There have been many cases of researchers and inventors making major breakthroughs while they were actually trying to solve another problem or create a different device.Furthermore, there is something to be said for simply being in the right place at the right time-perhaps meeting someone by chance who can offer a good job or rare opportunity.And of course, there are the rare examples of gamblers and lottery winners who beat the odds and achieve sudden and unexpected success.While the influence of luck cannot be ignored, this is not to say that one should depend on it and ignore the value of hard work.If one is willing to work hard, I believe that success will eventually be achieved, with or without the added benefit of luck.Moreover, hard work is often an essential ingredient of luck because it enables one to take advantage of a lucky encounter.If the scientist has not worked hard to develop his knowledge and skills, he may not recognize that lucky breakthrough when it comes along.Therefore, my suggestion is not to count on luck to bring you success.Instead, work hard and keep your eyes open for that lucky opportunity.参考译文：运气在成功里所扮演的角色
有人说一个人会成功是因为努力，而运气和成功则是一点关系也没有。虽然我相信努力很重要，而且对大部分的人来说，努力是成功最可靠的方法，可是我不得不反对这种说法。能否成功，运气扮演着一个很重要的角色，这是不可否认的事实。例如，很多重要的发现都是在偶然情况下发生的。有很多实例表明，有重大突破的研究人员和发明家，原本是要试图解决其他问题或是发明别的仪器。而且，仅仅是天时地利这方面也有一些关系--也许是偶然碰到能提供好的工作和珍贵机会的人。当然也有极少数赌徒和彩票得主得到突如其来、意想不到的成功。
尽管运气的影响力不容忽视，但也不表示人就应该完全靠运气，而忽视努力的价值。如果一个人愿意努力，不论有没有运气额外的帮助，我相信终究还是会成功。此外，因为努力能让人充分利用幸运的机会，所以努力通常也是运气的必要因素。如果科学家没有努力培养自己的知识和技巧，那么当某个幸运的突破出现时，他可能也看不出来。因此，我建议大家不要指望运气能带来成功。相反地，应该努力，并随时注意不要错过任何好机会。人们为什么要参观博物馆(7)
【题目】
Many people visit museums when they travel to new places.Why do you think people visit museums? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.【范文】 Why People Visit Museums?
Museums are great repositories of mankind’s historical artifacts and achievements in art.From them we can learn a great deal about the people of the past and their link to the people of the present.We can also learn about cultures other than our own.I believe this last advantage is the main reason many people visit museums when they travel.When someone chooses to visit a new place, he often does so because he is interested in seeing a different environment and a different way of life.To gain a better understanding of this new culture, many travelers will go to a history or cultural museum.Even those who never visit museums at home may be inspired by the new sights around them and want to find out more.Other people choose to visit museums abroad in groups to see things that they cannot see at home.They may have read of famous works of art and look forward to the chance to see them with their own eyes.Still others may have a specific interest, such as butterflies or eighteenth century furniture.It is not possible for every community to support a museum devoted to every field of study, but travelers can take advantage of the opportunity to pursue their interests.No matter why one travels, the journey often offers the opportunity to visit a new museum.It is an activity that will provide the traveler with a better understanding of the world, no matter what his specific interest is.That is why I think most people choose to visit museums when they travel to a new place.------------------
参考译文：人们为什么要参观博物馆？
博物馆是人类历史文物及艺术成就的伟大宝库。我们可以从中了解到很多与过去的人们有关的事以及他们与现代人之间的关联。我们也可以从中了解其他不同的文化。我认为最后这项优点是许多人旅行时会去参观博物馆的主要原因。
人们选择游览一个新的地方是因为他们对不同的环境以及不同的生活方式感兴趣。为了更加了解这个新的文化，许多游客会去参观历史或文化博物馆。即使是在国内从不去参观博物馆的人，也可能会受到周围景物的启发而想要发掘更多东西。有些人在国外选择参观博物馆是为了要看国内所看不到的东西。他们可能已经阅读过一些著名艺术作品的资料而期待这个可以亲眼目睹的机会。还有些人可能对某些事物有特定的兴趣，如蝴蝶或18世纪的家具。可是并非每个地区都能资助与每一种学术领域有关的博物馆，所以游客就可以利用这个机会去追求自己的兴趣。
无论一个人为了什么而去旅行，旅行常能提供参观新博物馆的机会。这项活动能让旅行者更加了解世界，不管他的特殊兴趣是什么。这就是我认为为什么大部分人到新的地方旅行都会选择参观博物馆的原因。
电影电视给观众带来的影响(８)
【题目】
How do movies or television influence people’s behavior? Use reasons and specific examples to support your answer.【范文】 The Influence of Television and Movies
There is no doubt that watching television and movies can influence the way that people behave.Moreover, it seems that people are spending more and more time watching some sort of visual entertainment, whether it is television, a video tape or a DVD.Therefore, the effects of visual media cannot be ignored.One obvious effect of these media is that watching them induces people to buy certain products.Television advertising is widespread and, nowadays, even movie theaters permit advertisements.Another way TV and the movies affect people is that they give people either a broader view of the world or a distorted one, depending on what type of program they watch.Those who watch news and educational program can learn many new things while those who watch primarily entertainment shows may come to believe that most people in the world possess great wealth and good looks.It may make them become dissatisfied with their own lives.Finally, perhaps the most susceptible viewers are children, who may be unable to tell fact from fiction and may try to imitate acts that they see on TV or in the movies.With the ever-increasing popularity of video entertainment, society must pay attention to these effects.Television and movies, while entertaining and informative, cannot take the place of real experience.控制影视暴力场景的意义(９)
［题目］
The government should control the amount of violence in films and on television in order to decrease the violent crimes in society.To what extent do you agree or disagree with this issue?
［参考范文］
It is widely acknowledged that the amount of violence in films and on TV is one of the direct causes that lead to our high crime rate in our society.The voice of demanding the government to control violent scenes in media has been much louder than before.Personally, I totally agree with this voice, for it is the most effective way to reduce violent crimes in the real world.First and foremost, violence on TV or in films is often portrayed as extreme as possible in order to attract audiences.This will definitely set a bad example for those immature audiences, who, lacking correct parental guidance, are most likely to copy the violent behaviours and commit real violent crimes.Next, media, such as TV or film, is considered as the correct information source regulated by the government.It should be reporting and reflecting true phenomena in the society.Violence, as one of the facts in the real world, certainly has to be reported.However, excessive violence is offering misleading information to the public, which will exert detrimental influence to the society.For example, teenagers will regard those killers and murderers in the films and on TV as role models and copy their behaviors.It is recently reported in the news that a seventeen-year-old killed all his family members, one sister and two parents out of hatred and jealousy.In the real world, we are often reminded of the harm and hurt that violence in fictional world has brought us.n a word, our society is preoccupied by the violent scenes and plots at present.What the government has to do immediately is to take effective measures to control the amount of violence in media.Only in this way, can our society enjoy high level of security and peace.
第四篇：四六级写作与翻译解题策略.
四六级写作与翻译解题策略
一、写作
l
解题技巧
写作解题时间为30分钟，分为三步：5分钟审题和构思，20分钟写作，5分钟检查可能犯的错误。下面分步骤说明。
（一）审题和构思
事实上提供给写作的时间不止30分钟。一般来说，各考场会提前5分钟左右将答题卡一发到学生手里，大一点的考场甚至可能提前10分钟发卷。这5到10分钟不允许学生作答，但考生完全可以用来做作文部分的审题和构思工作。注意审题一定要仔细，按要求写作，不得擅自改动题目，给定的提纲不得有遗漏，否则会按比例扣分。尤其注意，不要因为事先自己背过或练过哪篇相似的文章而死搬硬套。否则后果很严重。如，2008年12月六级写作真题题目是College Students’ Mental Health，提纲为 1.心理健康对于大学生很重要 2.鉴于此，学校可以…… 3.我们自己应该……”
而在考试之前我出过一道类似的模拟题，题目为“Psychological Problems Among College Students”, 提纲为 1.很多大学生有严重的心理问题 2.产生这些问题的原因 3.如何解决这些问题”
可以看出，我给的提纲是按照比较规矩的三段论来的，即“提出问题、分析问题、解决问题”。但真题的提纲并未要求考生分析问题，反倒有两段要写解决问题。有的考生因为看过或背过模拟题的范文，就直接照搬，导致了失分。
另外，构思不是打草稿。并不建议学生练习写作时养成打草稿的习惯。因为考场上时间有限，打完草稿再誊写很可能来不及。另外，更重要的原因是考场上不发草稿纸，一般也不允许往里带纸，难以找到打草稿的地方。考生只要花三五分钟做一下构思即可，即想象一下每段大致写什么，可以记几个关键词（比如在准考证空白的地方）提示自己，在接下来的二十分钟里面按照这几个关键词提示的内容扩展就行。一般来说，要求不少于150词的文章最好写到180到200词，就句子数目来说，如果分三段，每段也就三到五句话，平均四句一段。那么整篇文章大约10个关键词就可以做好构思。以2009年6月六级写作真题为例。Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On the Importance of a Name.You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.1.有人说名字（或名称）很重要
2.也有人觉得名字（或名称）无关紧要
3.我认为……
构思第一段时，想到可以来一句铺垫的话，如“名字重不重要是个有争议的话题”，可以写下controversial或topic，作为关键词；下一句是“有人说名字（或名称）很重要”，可以先写下important。再往后想两条理由或例证即可。理由如“好名字容易被记住，因而可以给人来更多机会”（关键词remember或opportunity），和“按照传统理论起的名字可能会对人起到暗中庇护的作用”（关键词tradition或shelter）；例证如“有人认为毛泽东伟大是因为名字就大气，Bill Gates有钱是因为他的名字可以表示钞票，姓表示很多大门，很多大门都来钱，所以有钱”。第二、三段情同此理。其实第一段想好了，后两段也就容易了。比如第二段可以将第一段的理由或例证反过来用，第三段可以总结或折中一下。字数还是比较容易写够的。
（二）写作
写作的过程当中，要注意这样几条高分策略。
字迹清楚，段落明朗（clear）：字体不要太大，也不要太小，以行间距的三分之一到二分之一为合适；另外，大小要一致，不要忽大忽小；字母的倾斜方向要一致，不要东倒西歪；要抵着给出的虚线写，不能上窜下跳；总之，要给阅卷人清楚、工整的感觉。段落一般为三段，采用段首缩进式，即每段开头空4至8个字母的格，每段段首缩进的量要一致，要让阅卷人一目了然。
内容完整，紧扣提纲（complete）：一般来说，六级写作都会给出三点汉语提纲，考生应严格按照三点写成三段。不要有遗漏，也不要随意改变提纲要点的顺序。因为阅卷人要在30秒左右的时间打出分数，所以不希望看到与提纲严重背离的作文。
首保正确，再求闪光（correct）：这一条是最核心的，因为在写作时间和篇幅都比较短的情况下，考生写出的内容几乎是一样的，唯一的判断标准几乎就是语言的质量。要首先保证语法和拼写正确，哪怕用小词、短句也可以。有能力的话再追求闪光的词句。例如，有考生在写2009年6月的作文时，写出了这样的开头句：There is no denying the fact that the vital of name has been a hotly debated topic in China.这句话是套用我以往范文给过的句子，基本结构是对的，但有两处明显的错误。一处为vital，是个形容词，而这里应该用名词。作者可能想用一个牛词来替换importance以显示用词多样，结果弄巧成拙。另外一处错误为name之前应该有冠词a，其实题目中都给了，结果这位同学忽略了，缺乏基本的语法意识。其实作文中常犯的语法错误除了冠词错误，还包括时态错误、名词和动词单复数错误、代词不一致错误、词性错误以及句子主谓不完整错误。下笔时一定要谨慎。篇幅关系这里不能赘述。
先总后分，连词用上（coherent）：这里说的是段落的结构和连贯性的问题。英语文章特别喜欢先总后分或开门见山的格局，另外，段落之间和句子之间的形式连接手段特别明显，即关联词用的很多。在写作的时候，几乎就是把给出的三点提纲作为每段的开头句，然后再加上两三个扩展句即理由或例证句就可以了。当然有时候为了论证自然或扩展字数也可以加上一点铺垫的句子。如2009年6月真题作文开头一句既可以是Some people claim that names are of great importance.也可以是There is no denying the fact that it is a controversial topic whether names are important or not.然后再说Some hold the positive view.后面再加上两三句论证的话。论证句或扩展句之间最好有连接词，如First, Second, Besides, Also, Similarly, In the same way, However等等。
语言简练，论据得当（concise）：不要啰嗦，不要过于重复和堆砌。有些考生背诵了一些经典的句型，为了凑字就全用上了，给人低层次的感觉。如最后一段用同学写道：As far as I am concerned, weighing the pros and cons of the arguments, I am inclined to agree with the latter point of view.其实As far as I am concerned和weighing the pros and cons of the arguments用一个就行了。另外，尽管内容不及语言重要，但也肯定会影响分数的。考生应尽量平时多练，以期在考场上也能很快想到一些有力的理由和贴切的例证。另外，要敢于表达自己的思想，不要一味地为了保证语言正确而裹步不前，只说一些小学生的话。如有同学写09年真题第一段时写道：Some people think that names are important.They say that, if a person has a name, we can remember him.If he does not have a name, we cannot remember him.这样的作文倒是没有语言错误，但肯定也得不了高分。
（三）检查
其实考生应该在下笔写作的时候就谨慎，仔细，避免错误，但即便这样，错误也是会有的，包括语法和拼写错误，尤其对于平时缺乏练习的同学来说。那么就需要留几分钟通读一下，检查和改正。注意，要改的是一些语法或拼写错误，而不是作内容上的大的改动，换言之，是改一些词或词组，而不是改整个句子或段落，因为那样会造成卷面混乱，导致低分。要想避免内容上的错误，构思时就要想好，落笔时就要谨慎。还有改正错误要注意方式，尽量不要用涂改液或涂改带，以免有作弊嫌疑，也不要在一个词上涂画太多，影响卷面整洁。一般可以用一条斜线划掉错词，然后在其上方写出正确的，或者用胶带或刀片之类轻轻将错词去掉，然后在原位置写出正确的。冲刺方略
即使到考前剩的时间不多，写作也是大有可为的。要做的事情有两件，一个是背，一个是练。
背主要是背范文，从实战出发，可以背模拟题的范文。背的目的有两个，一是掌握一些常用的经典句型，在考场上应急，另外是学习范文的思路和文章结构，以期为己所用。背不要贪多，一种类型的文章背一篇也就差不多。如果按我课上讲的把作文分为五大类，那差不多背五篇就行。而且实在不能一字不差的背下来也不要太担心，背下大部分就行。其实，与背范文同样重要的是背诵一些自己在阅读里看到的比较有感觉的好词好句，那样可以避免与别人写成一样的。练也是练模拟题，因为考过的写作真题再考的可能性几乎是没有的。数量大约5到10篇，也就是每种类型一到两篇。练的时候可以用背诵过的模板，但最好还是能用自己的话，不敢肯定的话可以写完之后去查查字典，实在不敢肯定的可以请教别人或使用范文的说法。其实练模拟题主要目的并不是为了押题，而是提高构思和英汉转换的速度，为了培养一批自己比较喜欢的好词好句。写作模拟题可参见我的博客http://blog.sina.com.cn/wangzhaofei6666 附：2010年12月六级作文范文
Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled My View on University Ranking.You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.1.目前高校排名相当盛行 2.对这种做法人们看法不一 3.我认为……
My View on University Ranking There is no denying the fact that it has become a prevailing trend for some individuals or organizations to rank universities.Taking a look around, we can find examples too many to list.To this phenomenon people’s attitudes differ sharply.Some hold the positive view.They claim that ranking universities can help high school graduates or their parents to make a sound choice when enrolling in a university or college.Besides, this practice can help promote the level of higher education as a whole in that many universities will exert efforts to elevate their position.Others, however, hold the opposite view.They point out that the result of ranking is not always credible, for many individuals or institutions do it merely for the purpose of colleting money.Furthermore, some universities overemphasize the result of ranking and waste large amounts of resources.Personally, I believe that we should not go to extremes.On the one hand, it must be admitted that ranking is an effective means to encourage universities or colleges to compete with each other and improve their work.On the other hand, it should not be conducted and used in the wrong way.二、翻译
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解题技巧
翻译是很多考生选择放弃的题型，因为它排在试题最后，建议时间只有5分钟，分值只占5%。其实这样做是挺可惜的，因为翻译的评分标准比大部分同学想象的要宽松的多。以2009年6月的翻译真题第一题为例：
82.With the oil prices ever rising, she tried to talk ____-_____________________(说服他不买车).评分时给出的满分答案有四种： 1.him out of buying cars 2.to him an persuade him not to buy the car 3.to him in order to persuade him not to buy a car 4.him into giving up buying a car
当然，出题人希望考生给出的是第一种，或者说该题考点是talk sb.out of doing sth.这一搭配。但能写出后三种答案也照样得满分，因为它们也都完整地表达了原文的意思，而且没有语法和拼写错误。所以大家不要放弃翻译，只要用自己会的词充分表达了原文的意思，就有可能得分，甚至得满分。
具体来说，像写作一样，翻译也分为三步:
（一）理解
即通读并透彻理解原文含义，包括理解出题人想考察的语法或搭配。语法如虚拟语气、倒装、不定式、分词、情态动词、各种从句等等；搭配如动宾搭配、介宾搭配等等。
（二）翻译
确定译文句子的时态、句型、结构和用词。实在无法准确猜出出题人的意向，就用解释的方法写出答案。
（三）审校
首先检查译文是否正确地转述了原文内容，是否有错译和漏译；其次，检查是否有语言上的明显错误，如时态、语态、单复数、拼写、大小写、标点符号等。发现错误，及时改正。
翻译冲刺方略
要备考翻译，还是需要做比较多细致的工作的。
首先，大家应该重视语法结构和句型。可以通过做我们给的语法专项练习来实现。有语法的盲点应该通过练习和查阅语法书即使扫清。
其次，应该重视搭配。记单词的时候要养成记搭配的习惯，尤其对于动词来说要这样。大家最好能够了解到《大学英语课程教学要求》里面所规定的搭配，如09年6月第一题里考到的talk sb.out of doing sth.就在其中。当然这并不够因为像以往考过的deprive sb.of sth.这样基本的重要搭配在《大学英语课程教学要求》里面又找不到，所以还需要大家自己在背单词的时候尽可能多记一些搭配。
附：2010年12月六级翻译：
82.There is no denying that you __________________________________(越仔细越好)in dealing with this matter.83.Only when I reached my thirties _____________________________(我才意识到读书是不能被忽视的).84.Much _________________________________(使研究人员感到惊讶), the outcome of the experiment was far better than they had expected.85.Oh, my, I can’t find my key;______________________________(我一定是把它忘在哪儿了).86.I ____________________________________________(宁愿加入你们去做义工)than go to the beach for a holiday.82.cannot be too careful(结构)
83.did I realize that reading could not be neglected（倒装与时态）84.to the researchers’ surprise（搭配）85.I must have left it somewhere（情态动词）
86.would rather join you to work as volunteers（结构与搭配）
第五篇：专八写作热点话题预测
专八写作热点话题预测
作者：刘莉华
来源：《英语专业八级考试写作标准范文背诵》
时间：2006-08-24
【写作题目】
People used to regard college life as most carefree days, but now depression, anxiety and even suicide are creeping onto campus.How should college students react to this change? Write an essay of about 400 words entitled: How to Survive College Life In the first part of your essay you should state clearly your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details.In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary.【范文呈现1】
How to Survive College Life
The college life should be joyful and colorful, but on campus you can also see the sights: some students are extremely embarrassed when it’s time for them to pay the tuition;some students may have difficulty in going to sleep, when it’s time for them to have final exam or hand in term papers;some freshmen are on the verge of breakdown because of loneliness or homesickness.Maybe you are suffering from one of these troubles.Do you want to get rid of it and enjoy a more pleasant and rich college life? Here is my advice about how to cope with financial, academic and emotional problems.First of all, there are several ways to reduce your financial pressure.The best way is to take a part-time job, such as being a tutor or a part-time cleaner.By doing so, you can increase both your income and experience.Next, if
have no extra spare time to take one, you can try to apply for a loan fund from government.The good news is that it is usually interest-free and you are allowed to pay back by installment after graduation.Then besides earning money, you should learn to spend carefully and wisely.Set priorities and avoid unnecessary expenses for luxuries such as new clothes or snacks.Besides, to release academic pressure, you can take the following suggestions into account.First, you can ask teachers for help directly when you have difficulty in understanding lessons.Most often, the teachers can not only help you solve the problem but also help you improve learning methods.Second, you should relax yourself after long time study.You can do some exercise, or listen to music to release your physical
you must keep a positive attitude toward your studies.Don’t feel frustrated when you fail an exam;stay confident and be eager to learn when facing excellent competitors.Above all, set yourself long-term goals and fix your eyes on them, which enable you to go ahead despite temporary setbacks.When it comes to the problem of homesickness, here are a few tips for freshmen.Obviously, you can write to your family or call home every few days.Meanwhile, you should adapt to the new environment as soon as you can by making new friends, joining some clubs, taking part in all sorts of activities.In addition, cultivating a hobby is another effective way to shake off the loneliness and enrich your life.Life is a journey full of stumbling blocks, dangerous traps and unexpected
as part of it, college days are no exception.However, those who survive and succeed are not lucky people who slide by, but tough nails that react bravely and positively.So, be tough, take right actions, and you will free yourself from the present predicament soon.【范文呈现2】
How to Survive College Life
Many high school graduates cheerfully receive university admissions, painting a rosy picture of college life in mind.However, after stepping onto campus, they are confronted with all sorts of problems and haunted by depression and anxiety.Therefore, it takes both a positive attitude and proper actions to lead a happy college life.Many freshmen, suddenly falling into a
frustrated to realize that their living and learning habits in high school are no longer practical at college.They have to manage their life and plan spare time on their own, while in high school almost everything is assigned by teachers and supervised by parents.This change may puzzle them for a short time, but certainly can be overcome with a little effort.In daily life, they should learn to do chores such as washing and shopping either by calling home or by consulting experienced roommates.In their studies, they should set up a busy schedule in order not to waste time, exchange ideas with juniors and seniors so as to improve learning methods, talk to teachers voluntarily when having questions or dissatisfactions.By following the above advice, a first year student can
adjustment.Money shortage also inflicts pain on a large number of undergraduates.Some may be tightfisted due to their family conditions;some may encounter a financial problem because of poor management of their pocket money.What can those students do? Both should try to balance between earning and spending.The former can do part-time jobs such as a private tutor or a salesperson of McDonald, or obtain a scholarship by studying hard, or get a bank loan.Yet, the latter ought to make better use of their money, spending only on necessities and cutting down expenses on luxuries.In addition to the above matters, many students suffer depression for unrequited love.Some become obsessed with his or her crush;some feel
there is a few who have tried murder or suicide at the time of breakup.How should they relieve themselves from such pain? An effective remedy is to pour out to closed friends, who can always listen to their worries, share their frustration, give rational advice and heal their confidence.In the meantime, they can divert their attention by developing more hobbies and engaging in various healthy social activities such as charity or recreational programs.Few expect to face so many problems in a short period of 4 years, but once it happens, provided one has enough confidence, courage and will to change, he can still achieve what he wants.Besides, as the old saying goes, every cloud has a silver lining.Looking back, he may even treasure and thank for
him strong and prepared him for his future.【范文赏析】
两篇范文立意相近，但结构安排各有特点，展示了面对“问题解决型”写作任务时，同学们可采取的两种基本组织模式：前者在首段通过描述了大学生活常见的三类问题，在文章主体分别从三个角度予以解决；后者则是在每个主体段落中，逐个描述分析问题再对症下药。
从选词造句的角度来说，二者都大量运用了平行结构和排比句，这样既加强了列举事例的简洁性，又突出了语言的节奏感，例如：第一篇文章的首段中on campus you can also see the sights: some students are extremely embarrassed when it’s time for them to pay the tuition;some students may have difficulty in going to sleep, when it’s time for them to have final exam or hand in term
of breakdown because of loneliness or homesickness;第二篇文章中的Some become obsessed with his or her crush;some feel heartbroken when being rejected;even there is a few who have tried murder or suicide at the time of breakup。此外，两篇短文虽都在提建议，前者采用了第二人称，多处使用了简练有力的祈使句；后者采用了第三人称，多处采用了分词、动名词结构，表意主次鲜明，同时体现了句式变化。选词的亮点分别在于：前者使用了on the verge of sth（在…的边缘）, fix one’s eyes on …（集中注意力在…;关注）, stumbling block（绊脚石），tough nails（坚强的人）;后者使用了短语inflict pain on…（使…痛苦），cut down expenses（减少开支），及谚语every cloud has a silver lining（每朵乌云都镶有银边）。
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