专业英语复习指导

第一篇：专业英语复习指导

专业英语复习指导

教参选择：

以下几本资料中选一本看就可以.1、金融英语阅读教程 ２、商务英语阅读 ３、西方报刊文摘选读 ４、《英语文摘》杂志

5.Economist(08年的经济学综合的专业英语就是出自这个杂志上其中最重要的是Economist，每年都有原文！

复习建议：

07年教育部发文，要求各院校经济学一级学科下所有专业合卷命题，也就是所有的“济学”、金融学、贸易学等都必须用一份专业课试卷，于是贸大从业统一初试考815经济学综合。

和改革之前的惯例一样，815院和金融学院一直使用的三大段经济类文章英汉翻译，下大家对于这部分题目的评价。们可以通过整理历年的试题（主要参考经贸和金融）文章加一起大概会有多少句子让自己恶心，难度和努力的方向就有一个比较明确的把握了。我记得当时自己做的整理结论好像是需要80分钟左右才能够保证正常做完。但上了考场是不是能够冷静的分配时间就看个人的临场状态和魄力了。

至于专业英语的复习，建议主要参考是考的题型很单纯，只是翻译而已。另外，每年的三个选题（以经贸学院历年试题为准）的那篇。相比选自原版经济学科教材和国外金融机构的报告、文章的语言显然会更随意一点，难度也会更大些。所以我觉得主攻方向当然就是阅读外刊。至于为什么是Economist，而不是果你家订了Times你就没必要看更高一些。这是说选择复习资料的环节。

下面提一下怎么用这本书。考研复习的时间有限，晚上就给看完了，也就不用准备专业英语复习了。看两三篇文章，新的一期就到了。也不是为了蒙明年的试题，是为了从中找最地道的模拟试题。文章（经济金融的热点问题评论）还是一周只读一本杂志中的三五篇文章，,一定要重视)08年开始，所有经济类专 分值分别是20+20+10=50。其次是题量会很大，以上两点同学来做出自己的评价，第一统计一下三篇第二每年的平均长度是多少词。这样对于试题的Economist，适当参考一些专门的经济英语教材。理由专业英语教材上问答、完型都有，感觉针对性不是很强。中最难的一段也就是外刊上直接剽下来公文之类的文章，报纸杂志上Times和NewsWeek，第一是Economist比较好找，Economist了；第二是Economist上的文章进入选题的频率 这杂志一周一期，我觉得谁要是能三两个所以大部分同学应该是老的一期拿到手没其实要明确的是，你看这个杂志，不是为了紧跟时代潮流，所以更重要的是选对你要读的，和确定你需要练笔的频率。至于是一个月读完一本杂志，我觉得问题都不大。其实这个杂志的装帧和文字都

**经经济学综合的最后一大题仍然是专业英语测试，题型是经贸学先总结一首先是会有些文章很难。就像如

很漂亮，初看确实有点爱不释手的感觉。但一定要了解，这是在训练阅读理解和翻译的水平，不是为看杂志而看杂志。因此制定自己的计划最重要。举个简单的例子，如果你是每周都想看新杂志的那一类，杂志拿到手，首先浏览全书，从中挑出热点或者深入分析且篇幅和难度都适中的文章，五篇，然后粘到word里，格式，行距，然后把杂志删掉，把word打印出来，这一周的训练就都在纸上了。一天或者两天做一篇，无论是精读，泛读，查单词，还是做翻译实战，精力和目标都会更集中一点，也免得自己天天开电脑。

研友经验谈选摘：

怎么也没有想到，自己一向英语不错，去年却栽到经贸专业英语上，今年奋发图强，卧薪尝胆，特将自我感觉的经贸专业英语特点公布如下：

一，题量大。要不停地写，不能停下来分析句子，否则就做不完，因此平时训练翻译的反应能力很重要。

二，多数句子结构并不复杂，但不排除个别句子有一定难度，猛一看整篇文章难度不如公共英语翻译部分，但真的动手一点点做，并不容易。

三，大多数单词并不生僻，但总有几个专业词汇点缀其中，甚至非常生僻，能不能翻好这几个专业词是整篇文章得分的关键，如果关键词错了，别的翻译的再好，也可能扣成零分。

四，文章性质参差，有一般题材的内容，通常难度不大；但一定会有专业题材的文章，如果涉及到这类题材的文章，专业化程度很高，有点类似科普文章的性质，所不同的是，说明的对象与真正的科普文章不同罢了。

通过以上分析可以看出，要想在经贸专业英语上取得高分，关键有二，一是平常做练习时，要有意识扩大专业词汇量，二是不要求翻译出来的文章多漂亮，只要在保持速度的同时不出偏差即可。

一家之见，仅供参考。

第二篇：国际贸易专业英语复习

国际贸易专业英语期末考试（开卷）

一、名词英译汉：1’*10=10，（来自课件）

二、句子英译汉：3’*10=30，（来自课件，注意：句子翻译要符合中文的语法习惯）

三、简答题：5’*4=20，（来自课件）

四、判断对错：1’*10=10，（来自课件）

五、阅读理解：15’*2=30，（关注中国商务部英文网，考查的是短语，句子翻译，文章的理解，要关注最近一段时间的新闻，对于像Policies,Topics,Services,上海自由贸易区的等一系列的内容的了解）

第三篇：特殊教育专业英语复习

简答

1.What Does It Take to be a Good Special Education Teacher?

1Patience 2 Diligence 3Compassion 4Flexibility 2.ADHD has three subtypes多动症分类: 1 Predominantly hyperactive-impulsive 过动/冲动控制障碍型2 Predominantly inattentive 注意力缺陷型3 Combined hyperactive-impulsive and inattentive 混合型

3.a student with :hearing impairment听力损伤、vision impairment视觉、mental impairment智力

5What Causes导致 ADHD因素? genes—environmental factors—brain injuries—nutrition—social environment—Food additives 6多动症的症状symptom：inattention注意力缺乏、hyperactive活动过度、impulsive冲动。解释

1.（Inclusive education全纳教育）means meeting individual needs。

2(task Analysis任务分析法）task Analysis is a process by which a task is broken down into its component parts。

3（Autism自闭症)causes kids to experience the world differently from the way most other kids do.4.Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)注意力缺陷多动障碍is one of the most common childhood disorders and can continue through adolescence and adulthood.5.Learning Disability学习障碍

6.Studens with special needs有特殊需要的学生

7.Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)注意力缺陷多动障碍 8.Mainstrseam主流

1通常,有学习障碍的学生的平均智力但是他们将需要更多的具体教学策略、程序修改或住宿。学习障碍不包括一个残疾带来的视觉、听觉受损、身体或行为。虽然,许多行为残疾学生通常有学习障碍。Descrepancies学业成绩之间和实际知识的能力就会发生。学习障碍的诊断通常发生在孩子有一个威R是执行标准化考试,是通过一个心理学家——通常是。学习障碍的定义往往会不同地区地区但往往传达一个共同的意义。这里有一个全面的特质列表学习障碍的学生通过他们的特定类别:1视觉感知2听觉感知3身体和空间关系4概念赤字5内存赤字6行为赤字

2Teaching students with special needs is very rewarding值得的 – but it’s hard work as well.A special education teacher must be willing to struggle奋斗 in order to provide her/his students with the best education possible.Many times, good special education teachers go far above what is expected of them.Going that extra mile can make the difference between a student floating through顺利度过 school and being truly successful.教学生有特殊需要的值都非常有价值得的——但这很困难的工作。一个特殊教育教师必须愿意斗争奋斗为了提供她/他的学生提供最好的教育成为可能。很多时候,良好的特殊教育教师远远高于对他们的期望是什么。将这额外的一英里就区分一个学生浮动通过顺利度过学校和真正的成功。

3To be a good special education teacher, it is important that you care about your students.Although discipline纪律 is imperative必要的 in the special education classroom, undue不适当的 harshness严肃 is not imperative.You must truly care about your students in order to motivate them to succeed.特殊教育成为一个好老师,但重要的是,你关心你的学生。虽然纪律纪律必要的必须在特殊教育课堂,过度的不适当的严肃严肃不是势在必行。你必须真正关心你的学生

为了促使他们成功。

4Perhaps one of the least noticed characteristics of a good special education teacher is flexibility.Very often, what works for one student will fail for another.Special education teachers often need to alter 改变their approaches to various students due to changes in the student’s IEP, educational circumstances, or personal life.In addition, a special education teacher must be willing to incorporate 综合input 付出from student’s parents and from the student herself.This requires the ability to take into account alternative 选择性的viewpoints and options选择, and to be flexible with your teaching methods.也许一个最不注意到特征的特殊教育教师是灵活性好。通常,最适合一个学生将失败的另一个。特殊教育老师经常需要改变他们的方法对各种改变学生由于改变学生的等电位点,教育环境,或个人生活。此外,一个特殊教育教师必须愿意将综合输入付出从学生的家长和学生自己。这样做需要能够考虑替代选择性的观点和期权选择,灵活的和你的教学方法。

5Patience is definitely the most important characteristic of a special education teacher.Unlike regular teachers, special education teachers work with students who may not grasp concepts quickly.In fact, depending on the needs of the students, the special education teacher may find himself/herself repeating the same simple concept over and over and over again before the student begins to comprehend.In addition to this repetition, the special education teacher may need to break seemingly simple concepts down into parts that are manageable for his students, which can take a considerable amount of patience.忍耐无疑是最重要的特性的一个特殊教育的老师。与普通教师,特殊教育教师与学生工作可能不会很快理解概念。事实上,根据学生的需要,特殊教育的老师可能会发现本人重复相同的简单的概念反反复复的前学生开始理解。除了这种重复,特殊教育的老师可能需要打破看似简单的概念分解成可管理的部分,为他的学生,这可能会花费大量的耐心。

6They also may react to what's going on around them in unusual ways.Normal sounds may really bother someone with autism — so much so that the person covers his or her ears.Being touched, even in a gentle way, may feel uncomfortable.他们也可能对他们周围发生了什么不同寻常的。正常的声音可能真的烦自闭症患者——以至于人覆盖他或她的耳朵。被感动,即使在一个温和的方式,可能会感到不舒服。

7Kids with autism often can't make connections that other kids make easily.For example, when someone smiles, you know the smiling person is happy or being friendly.But a kid with autism may have trouble connecting that smile with the person's happy feelings.闭症儿童往往不能使连接,其他孩子使容易。例如,当别人微笑,你知道了微笑的人是快乐或友善。但一个患自闭症的孩子可能无法连接,微笑与人的快乐的感觉。

8A kid who has autism also has trouble linking words to their meanings.Imagine trying to understand what your mom is saying if you didn't know what her words really mean.It is doubly frustrating then if a kid can't come up with the right words to express his or her own thoughts.一个孩子患有自闭症的也有麻烦连接词含义。想像一下你妈妈明白说如果你不知道她的话真正的意思。它更是令人沮丧的然后如果一个孩子不能想出合适的词语来表达自己的想法。8Autism causes kids to act in unusual ways.They might flap 拍打their hands, say certain words over and over, have temper tantrums发怒, or play only with one particular toy.Most kids with autism don't like changes in routines.They like to stay on a schedule that is always the same.They also may insist that their toys or other objects be arranged a certain way and get upset if these items are moved or disturbed.孤独症造成孩子以不寻常的方式采取行动。他们可能皮瓣拍打他们的手,说某些单词,有发脾气发怒,或者只有一个特定的玩具玩。大多数自闭症儿童不喜欢

变化在例程。他们喜欢呆在一个时间表,总是相同的。他们还可能会坚持他们的玩具或其他对象是安排一个特定的方式,如果这些产品是生气移动或干扰。

9Not seem to listen when spoken to.Daydream, become easily confused, and move slowly。Have difficulty processing information as quickly and accurately as others(90)。Struggle to follow instructions.85。Children who have symptoms of hyperactivity may: 似乎听的时候才说话。做白日梦,变得容易混淆,慢慢地移动。有困难准确而快速地处理信息和其他人(90)。努力遵循instructions.85。症症状可能: 10孩子们的多动Fidget 烦躁 and squirm蠕动 in their seats Talk nonstop。touching or playing with anything and everything in sight。Have trouble sitting still during dinner, school, and story time。Be constantly坚持不懈地 in motion动作。Have difficulty doing quiet tasks or activities.Children who have symptoms of impulsivity may: 孩子们的多动烦躁烦躁,在座位上扭动蠕动。聊个不停。碰或玩什么,眼前的一切。有麻烦静坐晚餐期间,学校,和故事时间吗。被不断地坚持不懈地在运动动作。有困难的任务或活动做安静。儿童症状的冲动可能: 11Be very impatient。Blurt out 未加思索地冲口说出inappropriate comments。Show their emotions without restraint克制。Act without regard for consequences。Have difficulty waiting for things they want or waiting their turns in game。sOften interrupt conversations or others' activities.很不耐烦，脱口而出未加思索地冲口说出不恰当的评论。表现自己的情绪毫无节制克制。不顾后果的行为。有困难等待他们想要的东西或者等待他们的将在游戏。经常中断谈话或别人的活动。12if a child: Is experiencing undetected seizures that could be associated with other medical conditions Has a middle ear infection that is causing hearing problems Has any undetected hearing or vision problems Has any medical problems that affect thinking and behavior Has any learning disabilities 是否一个孩子: 正在经历未被发现的发作可能伴随其他疾病吗 有一个中耳炎感染导致听力的问题 有任何未被发现的听力和视力问题吗 没有任何医学问题,会影响思维和行为吗 有学习障碍

13Has anxiety or depression, or other psychiatric problems that might cause ADHD-like symptoms Has been affected by a significant and sudden change, such as the death of a family member, a divorce, or parent's job loss.有焦虑或抑郁,或其它精神问题可能导致多动症像症状吗

一直受到重大和突然的变化,比如一个家人的死去,离婚,或者父母的失业。

13A specialist will also check school and medical records for clues, to see if the child's home or school settings appear unusually stressful or disrupted, and gather information from the child's parents and teachers.Coaches, babysitters, and other adults who know the child well also may be consulted.一个专家还将检查学校和医疗记录为线索,看看孩子的家里或者学校设置出现异常压力或中断,并收集信息从孩子的父母和老师。教练、保姆和其他成年人知道孩子好也可以咨询。

14The specialist also will ask: 1.Are the behaviors excessive and long-term, and do they affect all aspects of the child's life? 2.Do they happen more often in this child compared with the child's peers? 3.Are the behaviors a continuous problem or a response to a temporary situation? 4.Do the behaviors occur in several settings or only in one place, such as the playground, classroom, or home? 专家还会问: 1。是行为过度和长期,他们影响所有方面的孩子的生命吗? 2。他们发生在这个孩子更经常与孩子的同龄人相比? 3。是一个连续的行为问题或一个响应一个临时的情况吗? 4。做行为发生在几个设置或只在一个地方,比如操场,教室,或在家吗? 15The specialist pays close attention to the child's behavior during different situations.Some situations are highly structured, some have less structure.Others would require the child to keep paying attention.Most children with ADHD are better able to control their behaviors in situations where they are getting individual attention and when they are free to focus on enjoyable activities.These types of situations are less important in the assessment.A child also may be evaluated to see how he or she acts in social situations, and may be given tests of intellectual ability and academic achievement to see if he or she has a learning disability.Finally, if after gathering all this information the child meets the criteria for ADHD, he or she will be diagnosed with the disorder.专家密切关注孩子的行为在不同的情况。有些情况是高度结构化的,一些有更少的结构。其他人将要求孩子保持关注。大多数儿童多动症的能更好地控制他们的行为,在这种情况下,他们越来越关注和当他们是免费的把注意力放在令人愉快的活动。这些类型的情况下是不太重要的评估。一个孩子也可能会被评估,看看他或她的行为在社交场合,可以通过测试的知识能力和学术成就,看看他或她有学习障碍。

最后,如果在收集所有这些信息符合标准的孩子多动症,他或她将被诊断为这种疾病。

第四篇：专业英语复习1

REVIEW

Ⅰ.Translate the following words into English.1、比例与尺度proportion and scale2、黄金分割golden section3、折衷主义eclecticism4、功能主义functionalism5、后现代主义post-modernism6、极简抽象派艺术minimalism7、解构主义deconstruction, deconstructivism8、哥特式大教堂 Gothic cathedral9、哥特复兴Gothic Revival10、希腊神庙Greek temple11、凯旋门triumphal arch12、意大利文艺复兴Italian Renaissance13、公爵府邸ducal mansion14、多立克柱式，爱奥尼柱式，科林斯柱式Doric order, Ionic order, Corinthian order15、古典主义classicism16、装饰美学ornamental aesthetics17、注册建筑师licensed architect18、注册规划师licensed planner19、电气工程师electrical engineer20、注册结构工程师 licensed structural engineer21、设备工程师plant engineer22、机械工程师mechanical engineer23、景观建筑师landscape architect24、景观规划landscape planning25、场地规划site planning26、总体规划general planning27、方案设计schematic design28、初步设计preliminary design29、购物中心shopping center30、住宅组团housing cluster/group31、市政中心civic center32、居住区residential community33、居住密度residential density34、施工图与施工说明书working drawings and the specifications35、标准层平面typical floor plan36、立面与剖面elevation and section37、投标价格bid price38、详图detail drawing39、工程监理project supervision40、项目管理project management41、工程预算project budget42、咨询服务consulting service43、设计荷载design load44、自然通风natural ventilation45、标准荷载standard load46、剖断线section line47、空气调节系统 air-conditioning system48、建筑合同building contract49、三维空间three-dimensional space50、能源消耗 energy consumption151、供暖与通风 heating and ventilation52、给水排水 water supply and drainage53、暖气管道thermal flue, heating pipe54、建筑实践architectural practice55、环境质量quality of environment56、给水管supply pipe57、挑出压顶projecting coping58、落水管drain pipe59、过梁与悬臂梁 lintel and cantilever60、屋檐与山墙eaves and gable61、压力与拉力compression and tension62、亭子pavilion63、天窗dormer window64、避雷针lightning rod65、落地窗French window66、凸窗bay window67、上下推拉窗sash-window68、百叶窗louver window69、材料特性nature of material70、钢过梁steel lintel71、钢筋混凝土柱子 reinforced concrete column72、混凝土梁concrete beam73、钢筋混凝土楼板 reinforced concrete slab74、混凝土薄壳concrete shell75、承载力bearing strength76、楼梯踏步stair step77、承重墙bearing wall78、楼梯厅stair hall79、砖石结构masonry construction80、楼梯井stairwell81、超大型建筑结构（巨型结构）megastructure82、楼梯平台stair landing83、钢框架结构steel-frame construction84、楼梯栏杆stair railing85、地下地质构造 subsurface geological formation86、房间布置room layout87、日光浴室 solarium88、建筑创作architectural creation89、太阳能板 solar panel90、建筑草图architectural sketch91、投资成本 capital cost92、建筑构思architectural conception93、建筑成本 construction cost94、建筑布局architectural layout95、拱跨度arch span96、绘图比例尺drafting scale97、绘图板drafting board98、旧建筑改造renovation of old building99、声学设计 acoustic design 100、照明设计lighting design, illumination design101、人行道pedestrian walkway102、过街楼bridge gallery 103、展览馆exhibition building104、体育馆gymnasium105、办公楼office building106、体育场stadium107、保龄球馆bowling alley108、排式平房 row houses109、半独立式住宅 semi-detached house110、独立式住宅 detached house 111、幼儿园kindergarten, nursery school, infant school112、大城市形态的决定因素crucial elements of metropolitan form113、中央商务区 central business district114、地标与节点landmark and node 115、外部形态external form and image116、壁画与雕塑mural and sculpture 117、建筑工业化 building industrialization118、现有建筑 existing building 119、场所感的缺失absence of a sense of place120、房地产 real estate121、交通流线与停车场 circulation and parking122、交通量load of traffic 123、绿地覆盖率green coverage ratio124、周边地区 peripheral area 125、持久的平衡sustainable equilibrium126、城市更新 urban renewal 127、多功能高层建筑multi-use high-rise building128、低层中密度住宅群 low-rise medium-density cluster housing129、城市改造urban redevelopment130、城市布局 city layout 131、过境交通through-traffic highway132、城市化与郊区化urbanization and suburbanization133、城市分区规划city district planning134、城市膨胀 urban expansion 135、城市管理city administration, administration of city136、城市规划管理局city planning and administration bureau137、城市发展模式urban development pattern138、城市规模city size 139、公共设施分布utility distribution140、城市设计urban design 141、城市防灾规划disaster planning, calamity precaution planning142、城市抗震规划seismic planning, aseismatic planning143、城市风貌cityscape, city style and features144、城市城乡规划urban and rural planning, town and country planning145、城市天际线city skyline, skyline of town146、城市景观cityscape, city appearance147、城镇群（集合城市）conurbation 148、城市噪声city noise149、城市生态学 urban ecology 150、城市学，都市学 urbanology151、城市设施 urban facilities 152、城市散乱发展，城市扩张 urban sprawl153、城市网架 urban network154、城市复苏urban revitalization155、城市建设 urban construction 156、城市垃圾city refuse, town refuse157、城镇cities and towns158、城市规划委员会city planning commission, urban planning commission159、建筑规范building code160、绿色建筑green building161、摩天大楼设计 skyscraper design162、现代建筑modern architecture

Ⅱ.Complete the following sentences with the words given below, changing the form where necessary.Ⅲ.Match the words in Column A with their corresponding definitions or descriptions in Column B.Ⅳ.Translate the following sentences into Chinese.Ⅴ.Write a composition in English.

第五篇：护理专业英语期末复习

考试范围：U1---U4

题型：

1.课文内容理解，是非题10%

2.词汇选择题10%

3.课文段落选词填空10%

4.句子英译中20%

5.课外阅读理解20%

6.作文30%

Unit 1

1.In my view, no knowledge can be more satisfactory to a man than that of his own frame, its

parts, their functions and actions.(Para.1)

在我看来，对人来说，没有什么知识会比了解自身的构架、它的部件以及各部件的功能和作用更能使他满足的了。

2.The possible approaches to a study of the body are legion.To the cynic, the body is no more than a tenement of clay;to the poet, a palace of soul;to the physician, an all-too-ailing hulk.The psychiatrist sees it as a housing for the mind and personality.The geneticist sees it as a perpetuator of its own kind.The biologist sees it as an organism which can alter the future as a result of the experience of the past.(Para.2)

研究人体的途径可谓五花八门：玩世不恭者视其为泥土构作的陋室；诗人赞之曰灵魂的宫殿；医生视它作百孔千疮的躯壳。精神病学家视之为理智和个性的居所；遗传学家视之为自我繁衍的机器；生物学家看见的则是一个能以往昔之经历改造将来的生物体。

3.Bounding the cytoplasm is the cell membrane, which keeps the cell contents in and undesirable material out, yet permits passage of both proper nutrients and wastes.(Para.5)

包裹着细胞质的是细胞膜，它将细胞内含物包容于细胞之内，将不需之物排斥于外，而又允许适当的营养物和废物通过。

4.All nerve cells, varied as they may be, receive and conduct electrochemical impulses.(Para.9)尽管可能有所不同，所有神经细胞都接收和传递电化学冲动。

Unit 2

1.The body is supported and given shape by this structure, consisting of more than 200 bones and the muscles and tendons which are connected to them.(Para.2)

人体由这个结构作支撑，并构成轮廓，这一结构由大约200多块骨头和与之相连的肌肉和键组成。

2.From there, the blood is pumped into the right ventricle and to the pulmonary artery to be sent to the lungs, where carbon dioxide is removed and oxygen is added.(Para.7)

血液从那里被泵入右心室，再进入肺动脉而被送至两肺，在此二氧化碳被去除，氧气被加入

3.Another major body complex is the digestive system, which processes the food so that it can be used for energy.(Para.12)

另一个主要的器官是消化系统，该系统对食物进行加工，以便食物能被作为能量使用。4 Normally, the fertilized egg then travels to the uterus where it becomes an embryo, is

implanted, and develops for about 280 days(until childbirth).(Para.14)

在正常情况下，受精卵移动进入子宫，在那里变成胚胎，完成植入（子宫内膜）过程，生长约280天左右（直至分娩）。

Unit 3

1.Although all pathogens pose potential threats if they gain entry to the body, the chances of this occurring are actually quite small.(Para.1)

虽然所有病原体若进入人体都会造成潜在的威胁，但这种清况发生的可能性却相当小。

2.Whether threatened by an invading organism, a physical object, or a chemical irritant, the body reacts in a similar way to defend itself.(Para.寻）

不管威办是来自入侵微生物、异物，还是化学刺激物，人体都以类似的方式作出反应以自我防卫。

3.To varying degrees, this natural defense mechanism is our strongest ally in the battle against disease, being with us from birth until death.(Para..9)

在不同程度上，这种自然防卫机能是我们与疾病斗争的最坚强的盟友，从出生到死亡始终相伴。

4.In some instances, if a person is already weakened by other diseases, giving a vaccination may provoke an actual case of the diseases.(Para.11)

在某些情况下，如果一个人已经因其他疾病变得虚弱，注射疫苗可能引发实际产生疾 病。

Unit 4

1.As life expectancy increases, people are more likely to succumb to degenerative conditions that the aging body is susceptible to.(Para.2)

随着预期寿命的增长，人们更可能死于易侵袭衰老的躯体的退化性疾病。

2.When heart disease is suspected and more detailed information is needed, an angiogram is ordered.(Para.3)

当病人疑似患有心脏病，需要有更为详细的信息时，可以做血管造影。

3.Patients can decrease the likelihood of developing atherosclerosis by cutting down on their consumption of fats, cutting out cigarettes, and getting adequate exercise.(Para.5)

病人可通过减少脂肪摄入，停止吸烟和进行充分锻炼，来降低发生冠状动脉粥样硬化的可能性。

4.Less serious but still frightening is the condition called angina pectoris, chest pains that occur when the heart muscle does not get enough oxygen(often because of a temporary spasm of a vessel).(Para.6)

危险性较小但仍然令人恐惧的是心绞痛，即心肌得不到足够氧气时发生的胸痛（常常因为血管暂时性痉挛造成）。

5.“An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure” is an expression that especially applies to AIDS…(Para.15)

“小防胜于大治”，这个民谚特别适用于艾滋病。