第一篇:复习2014年中考英语跟踪练习
新词达标练
一、改写同义句
1.She likes reading in the park.She __________ __________ in the park.2.When do you get to the zoo?When do you __________ __________ the zoo?3.Do the children have a good time in the party?Do the children __________ __________ in the party?
二、根据汉语提示完成下列句子,每空一词
4.我想在家里享用晚餐。I want to __________ my __________ at home.5.欢迎到中国来。
__________ __________ China.参考答案:
新词达标练 1.enjoys reading 2.arrive at 3.enjoy themselves
4.enjoy, dinner 5.Welcome to
第二篇:中考词语复习专题及练习
中考词语复习专题及练习
⒈考点扫描:
(1)辨析多义词、同义词、反义词;(2)了解词语的感情色彩;(3)理解词语在具体语境中的含义和作用;(4)在理解词义的基础上正确运用词语。
★对词语的考查有如下特点:(1)由原来直接考查词语的释义变为以考查词语在上下文中的含义为主;(2)对同义词的考查,重在比较辨析;(3)加大成语考查的力度。
★要特别注意以下几点:(1)把基本课文下有注释的词看一看,有重点地记一记,做些积累。(2)辨析同义词要从词义范围大小、程度轻重、感情色彩、使用对象和搭配关系方面进行区别。(3)运用一些有关解释词义的知识解释词语。(4)要学会在一定的语境中揣摩、理解词语的意思,因为,词的感情色彩有时取决于一定的语言环境,褒义词可带上贬义,贬义词也能带上褒义。(即:褒义贬用;贬义褒用)如狡猾、标致等。⒉技巧点评:
要解答好这类题,首先要重视平时对词汇的积累,尤其对词义的用法要有准确的理解和掌握。其次,应对不同的题型采取不同的解答方法。如词语运用性选择题,可以从四方面入手:①注意题干显示测试要求的关键性词语;②快速浏览句子,了解句子的基本意思;③把备选词语进行相互比较,找出其细微差别;④根据提供的语境推敲备选词语,以确定恰当的选项。再如,解答结合语境理解某一词语的确切含义这类试题,也应注意三点:①准确把握题干所示的语境;②准确判断词语在特定语境下的特定含义;③把词语的语境含义放到它所在的语境中去检验,保证其使用的准确性,若在句子中渗透词语的考查,还须学会修改病句,弄清词语间的搭配关系。
1、下列依次填入横线处的词语,最恰当的一项是()
①惟有用人民的语言描写人民的生活,使作品有生活气息。
②热力学第一定律早 编入物理学基础教程,其内容现在看来不过是常识而已。③今天您所传递的信息 将意味着一个全球团结新时代的开始。
④写议论文,其目的是为了说服读者,要靠 的论据去进行严密的论证。A.就会 就 也许 充实
B.才会 就 应该 充实 C.才会 已 也许 充足
D.就会 已 应该 充足
2、依次填入下面一段文字中的关联词语,恰当的一组是
硅谷文化的基础是创新制胜、甘冒风险的价值观。许多企业家认为:__________抓住机遇,勇于冒险,机会__________会永存,__________失败了__________不必计较,__________失败是成功之母。
A.只有
就
即使
也
所以
B.只要
才
虽然
但
因为 C.只要
就
即使
也
因为
D.只有
才
虽然
但
所以
3、选出下列句子空白处应填词语最恰当的一项
只有精字当先,严字当头,__________地推理论证,__________地测量计算,__________地搞好试验,才能在科学规律面前获得“自由”。
A.精密
精细
精确
B.精确
精细
精密
C.精确
精密
精致
D.精致
精确
精密
4、依次在下列句中横线上填入词语,正确的一项是:()①掌柜______同平常一样,笑着对他说:“孔乙己,你又偷了东西了!”
②难道你又不更远一点想到,这样枝枝叶叶靠紧团结,力求上进的白杨树,______象征了今天在华北平原纵横决荡,用血写出新中国历史的那种精神和意志?
③在这呼吸不息的地方,蚊子竟无从插嘴,_______ 睡安稳了。
A.居然 宛然 仍然
B.宛然 仍然 居然
C.仍然 居然 宛然
D.仍然 宛然 居然
5、依次填入下列句子横线处的词语,最恰当的一组是()
①这几个月,他一直深入矿区体验生活,终于写出了这部人人都 的好作品。
②经过努力,我国已基本完成SARS疫苗的临床前研究,即将进入临床。
③中美贸易发展中出现的问题,是可以取得共识并逐步得到解决的,影响中美经贸发展大局。
A.夸耀实验不可能也不应该
B.夸奖试验不应该也不可能
C.夸奖实验不可能也不应该
D.夸耀试验不应该也不可能
6、依次填入下列各句横线处的词语,恰当的一组是(D)
(1)余先生的 是研究《红楼梦》。
(2)李先生 了这次大会,并做了精彩的发言。
(3)为了给自己开脱,他不惜 罪名,诬告他人。
(4)王研究员在文物方面有丰富的 经验。
A.特长 出席 伪造 鉴赏 B.特长 列席 伪造 欣赏
C.专长 列席 捏造 欣赏 D.专长 出席 捏造 鉴赏(特长:特别擅长的技能或特有的工作经验。专长:专门的学问技能或特长。出席:正式代表。列席:非正式代表。捏造:无中生有。
1、根据语境,从备选词语中选出恰当的词语,填入句中空格处。(3分)[备选词语:平等 仁爱 沟通]
生活中不同的开始方式体现出一个人的气质和修养。陌生人彼此在凝视中用笑脸相迎,是
的开始;市民和进城民工在心中用尊重握手,是
的开始;看到口渴难耐的漂泊者,递上一瓢水,是
的开始;送人玫瑰,发现手有余香,是快乐的开始。
2、只要拥有一颗纯真的心,就可以(1)烦恼的枷锁,在欢乐的草坪上自由漫步;就可以(2)失败的阴影,在胜利的阳光下大步前行;就可以(3)冷漠的坚冰,在热情的海洋里扬帆远航。A、驱散 B、融化 C、摆脱
3、① 塔里木河改道向北流入孔雀河汇入罗布泊,导致塔里木河下游__________缺水。
② 罗布泊_________后,周边生态环境马上发生变化,草本植物全部枯死。
③ 号称千年不死的胡杨林啊,在忍受了20余年的干渴后终于变成了的_________“木乃伊”
A.干旱 B.干枯 C.干涸
依次填人下面句中横线处的词语,最恰当的一项是()
建筑是艺术,是_________的音乐,又是简洁的哲理诗。任何建筑,不管设计者与建造者是否_________,其实都在表达一种思想。A.凝固 自觉 B.凝练 自觉 C.凝练 自愿 D.凝固 自愿
(2)、依次填入下列句中横线处的词语,最恰当的—项是()
这一类的人们,就是现在也何尝少呢?他们有 ①,不自欺;他们在前仆后继的战斗,不过一面总在被 ②,被抹杀,消灭于黑暗中,不能为大家所知道罢了。说中国人失掉了自信力,用以指一部分人则可,倘若加于全体,那简直是 ③。
A.①确信 ②摧残 ③诬蔑 B.①确信 ②摧毁 ③蔑视 C.①坚信 ②摧残 ③诬陷 D.①确定 ②残杀 ③诬蔑
9、在下面短文中横线上填写词语,最恰当的一项是()(2分)2006年4月,胡锦涛主席访问美国,向全世界传达了这样一种信息:国际________、国内________、两岸_____是中国当前所要努力的方向,中国将按照自己的步伐、发展目标与需要,来进行有计划的改革。A.和平和谐 和气 B.和平和谐 和解 C.和平和气 和解 D.和气 和谐 和解
13、依次填入下列横线处的词,恰当的一项是()(2分)
登上这气势恢宏的三峡大坝,触摸它伟岸的躯体,聆听它沉雷般的心跳,问苍茫大地,有哪一条江河 ______了如此深厚的文化?有哪一道大坝能 如此众多的智慧?有哪一座建筑能 如此壮美的崇高?有哪一项工程能 如此伟大的传奇?
A.凝聚 积淀 写满 见证 B.积淀 凝聚 见证 写满 C.写满 见证 凝聚 积淀 D.见证 写满 积淀 凝聚
15、依次填入下列横线处的词语最恰当的一项是()。...①哥白尼的地动学说粉碎了上帝创造人类、又为人类创造万物的那种_____的宇宙观。②人类_____沙漠的最大理想在社会主义制度下会很快地变成现实。
③云能帮助我们_____阴晴风雨,预知天气变化,这对工农业生产有着重要的意义。A.荒谬、征伐、区别
B.荒谬、征服、识别 C.荒诞、征伐、识别
D.荒诞、征服、区别
17、依次填入下列各句横线处的词语,最恰当的一组是()(2分)
①读书不能一味贪多,要抓住有价值的文章和著作不松手,把它读熟,读透,读出自己独到的感受,这样它才会化作你生命 的基础。
②全国青年歌手电视大奖赛上设置的综合素质考查,只有一分,但意义却很重大,参赛选手在复习备考时 不应掉以轻心。
③在这件事情上,我们一定要遵守我们的,不能出尔反尔。A.坚实 纵然 允诺 B.坚固 纵然 承诺 C.坚实 虽然 承诺 D.坚固 虽然 允诺
依次填入下列空白处最恰当的一项是()学生学会了与别人合作,()可以帮助自己找到成功的捷径,()可以帮助别人获得提高和发展,()可以为大家今后步入社会、走上工作岗位打下很好的基础。
A、要么 要么 并且 B、只有 才 还 C、如果 就 还 D、不仅 还 并且
19、依次填入下面句子横线处的词语,最恰当的一项是()(2分)自由地读书 有乐趣,常常能因书中某一隽永的句子而,并对人生某一方面产生一种难得的顿悟。A.即使 也 茅塞顿开 B.不仅 还 心有余悸 C.不但 而且 豁然开朗 D.虽然 但是 融会贯通
21、下列句子中的空缺处依次填入的词语,最恰当的一项是()(3分)
1、福楼拜对学生进行写作训练,非常严格,不但要求学生善于用________的目光去观察事物,而且要求用准确的语言来表达思想。
2、在新形势下开展社会主义荣辱观教育活动,努力防止任何政治的灰尘、政治的微生物来_______我们的清洁的面貌和侵蚀我们的健全的肌体。
3、每座城市都应该有每座城市钟爱的小动物,_________形成传统,作为它的一种标志和象征。
4、文学把时间凝聚在薄薄的书页之中,让读者_________地漫游岁月的长河,尽情地观赏两岸变化无穷的风光。
A.敏捷 玷污 况且 无时无刻 B.敏捷 污染 而且 无拘无束 C.敏锐 玷污 而且 无拘无束 D.敏锐 污染 况且 无时无刻
2.依次填入下列的词语,恰当的一项是()(3分)
登上这气势恢宏的三峡大坝,触摸它伟岸的躯体,聆听它沉雷般的心跳,问苍茫大海,有哪一条江河___了如此深厚的文化?有哪一条大坝能___如此众多的智慧?有哪一座建筑能___如此壮观的崇高?有哪一项工程能___如此伟大的传奇?
A.凝聚 积淀 写满 见证 B.积淀 凝聚 见证 写满 C.写满 见证 凝聚 积淀 D.见证 写满 积淀 凝聚 6.依次填入下面一段文字括号中的关联词语,恰当的一项是()
()要我感谢什么人,()只能感谢一次,()我想把这一次感谢奉献给那些为人类创造了音乐的人们,()没有音乐,我们的生活将变得多么沉闷可怕。
A.无论 因为 所以 但是 B.如果 而且 那么 假如 C.如果 那么 而且 因为 D.假如 然而 那么 由于 7.依次填入下面一段文字括号中的关联词语,恰当的一项是()
学习知识的最终目的是为了对我们周围的事物,对我们所生活的社会作出智慧的判断。___再把它加到技能中去,这样就___有技能,___有判断能力,当你进入社会的时候,社会一定非常欢迎你,___你是一个有智慧的人、有能力的人。
A.如果 既 又 因为 B.所以 要么 要么 因为
C.如果 要么 要么 因此 D.所以 既 又 因此
1、C 2.B 3.D4、D5、D
1、⑴沟通
⑵平等
⑶仁爱
2、(1)C(2)A(3)B
3、A C B 2.A(2)B
9、B
13、B(15、B
17、C
(2)D
19、C
21、C 2.B
6.B 7.A
第三篇:2012中考英语复习
2012中考英语复习必备:阅读理解解题技巧
掌握必要的解题技巧冲刺阶段的复习不单单是一个查漏补缺的过程,还是知识和能力再次提升的过程。复习安排与方法的合理与否将直接影响复习质量的高低。考生首先要根据《中考说明》,针对重点的语言基础知识进行复习。复习时,考生要抓住重点,在老师的精讲精练下学会探究问题、发现问题,在答题时做到灵活应用,触类旁通,举一反三,变知识为能力。避免偏题、怪题,对重点、难点题型,如听力、阅读理解、完型填空以及写作等进行专项强化训练,并掌握必要的解题技巧。
【阅读理解:文章至少通读两遍】
近年来中考阅读考查中使用了多种文体的语言材料,考查题虽较大部分根据事实判断,但也有题目必须整体理解归纳才能作出正确解答。语段可有3%生词,可据上下文猜测、理解。回答问题的语段除了理解,还要能正确表达,既要会用完整句子回答,又要会有用关键词简略回答能力。做阅读理解题时,可先浏览问题,带着问题通读全文;也可先通读全文再看问题。文章至少读两遍,正确对待文章中的生词和难句,不要慌,要学会根据上下文判断其意。对于文章中一些较复杂的长句,只要抓住重点和关键,问题就明朗了。做完题后,要检查一遍,对文中关键词语及重要语句一定要细读、读透。有时题目难度大,仅从字面理解还不够,要根据上下文和中心思想进行归纳和推断。
中考英语
(四):四类英语作文结尾
2011-09-08 10:15:18 来源:网络来源
文章的结尾没有固定的模式,同学们可以根据表达主题的需要灵活创造。一般情况下,记叙文和说明文经常采用自然结尾的方法;但夹叙夹议和发表观点类的文章则往往有结束语,以使文章首尾呼应,结构完整。文章结尾的形式也因文章类别和开头的风格而灵活多变。
1、自然结尾,点明主题
随着文章的结束,文章自然而然地结尾。如“Helping the Policeman(帮助警察)”的结尾可以是:The two children were praised by the police and they felt happy。再如“The Tortoise and the Hare(龟兔赛跑)” 的结尾可以是:When the hare got to the tree, the tortoise had already been there。
2、首尾呼应,升华主题
在文章的结尾可以用含义较深的话点明主题,深化主题,起到“画龙点睛”的效果。如“I Love My Hometown(我爱家乡)”的结尾可以是:I love my hometown, and I am proud of it。
3、反问结尾,引起深思
这种方式的结尾虽然形式是问句,但意义却是肯定的,而且具有一定的强调作用,可引起他人的深思。如 “Learning English can give us a lot of pleasure(学英语能为我们带来许多乐趣)” 的结尾可以是:If we learn English well, we can …Don’t you think learning Eng-lish is great fun?
4、表达祝愿,阐述愿望
这种方式的结尾常出现在书信或演讲稿的文体中,表示对他人的祝福或对将来的展望等。如“A Letter to the Farmers(给农民们的一封信)”的结尾可以是:I hope the farm-ers’ life will be better and better。
另外,书信的结尾常有以下形式的祝福语:Best wishes;I wish you a merry Christmas and a happy new year;I wish you have a good time等。
第四篇:中考英语练习
单项填空
31.We all agree that a pair of shoes ________ a very nice present.A.areB.haveC.isD.were
32.---Do you know if Mike ________ the cat?
---Sorry, I have no idea.A.has caughtB.catchesC.are caughtD.have caught
33.People who ________ to the party are very excited.A.have been invitedB.has been invitedC.will inviteD.have invited
34.Mary, together with her sisters, ________ Chinese in China.A.are studyingB.have studiedC.studiesD.study
35.“All ________ present and all ________ going on well.”said the teacher.A.is;areB.is;isC.are;areD.are;is
36.“ What ________ in the holidays, Daming?” asked Lingling.A.did you doB.are you doingC.were you doingD.do you do
37.My grandmother ________ a lot of changes in her life.A.seesB.can seeC.will seeD.has seen
38.They ________ work very hard when they were young.A.had toB.mustC.shouldD.have to
39.Today, we ________ work as hard as people did in the past.A.mustn‟tB.can‟tC.shouldn‟tD.don‟t have to
40.Help!Daming ________ an accident.A.was havingB.is havingC.has hadD.will have
41.He ________ his bicycle when he hit a car.A.is ridingB.was ridingC.has riddenD.rode
42.Yesterday I met my old friend but I forgot ________ him for his telephone number.A.askingB.askC.and askD.to ask
43.We had a party ________ it was his birthday on Saturday.(八年级下册,P89)
A.soB.so thatC.becauseD.because of
44.________ the Christmas holiday is over, the new school term starts.(八年级上册,P91)
A.WhileB.As soon asC.BeforeD.Then
45.Come ________!Let‟s try our best and get a good result!
A.backB.upC.inD.on
三、完形填空
All living things on the earth need other living things to live with.Nothing lives __1__.Sometimes one living thing kills __2__.Each kind of life eats another kind of life __3__ live, and together they form a food chain(食物链).Some food chains are simple, while others are not.But __4__ food chains begin with the sun, and all food chains become __5__ if one of the links disappears.All life needs sunlight to live on.But only plants can use __6__ directly(直接地).They make food from sunlight, water, air and so on.Animals can only use the sun’s energy __7__ it has been change into food by plants.Some animals feed directly on plants.Others eat smaller animals.Meat-eating animals are only __8__ plants indirectly.What about human beings? We also eat meat and drink milk.But __9__ often break up the food chains.They kill wild animals.They also make rivers, lakes and seas dirty.When these rivers, lakes and seas are polluted, the fish in them __10__be eaten.If people eat the fish, they will get strange diseases.Each form of life is linked to all the others.Breaking the links puts all life in danger.46.A.aloneB.lonelyC.togetherD.happily
47.A.otherB.the otherC.anotherD.the others
48.A.forB.so thatC.andD.to
49.A.anyB.allC.someD.most
50.A.betterB.brokenC.strongerD.nicer
51.A.moonlightB.sunlightC.colourful lightD.bright light
52.A.afterB.beforeC.untilD.by the time
53.A.makingB.catchingC.eatingD.drinking
54.A.treesB.animalsC.plantsD.people
55.A.canB.can‟tC.mustD.needn‟t
四、阅读理解
阅读下面的短文,从每小题所给的A、B、C和D选项中选出一个最佳选项。
(A)
Jamie stood looking at the map.He turned is around.He looked up from the map.He looked back at the map.He took a few steps back along the path.He put his finger on the map, and looked up again.“It s no use!” he shouted.He threw the map away, and sat down on the ground.I asked him what was the matter.Jamie said, “We re lost.We must have taken a wrong turning.”
He didn‟t know where we were.“I‟m sorry.I‟m sorry,” he said again and again.I told him not to worry.“We‟ll follow the river,” I said.“the river flows into the sea, so it will take us back to the coast.” This seemed like a good plan.We set off down the hill.The river was a long way below us.It was getting dark, and it was starting to rain.Jammie started to run.“Come on!” he called.“In an hour, it will be dark and we won‟t be able to see where we‟re going.” “Stop!” I shouted.“Don‟t run.It‟s dangerous!”
As soon as I saw him fall, I knew he was badly hurt.When I reached him, he said that he leg and foot hurt.He wasn‟t able to stand up.Now, we were lost, we were a long way from home, and Jamie couldn‟t walk.56.Why does Jamie say “It‟s no use”?
A.He can‟t understand the map.B.The path isn‟t on the map.C.He‟s got the wrong map.D.He can‟t work out where they are.57.Why are the writer and Jamie lost?
A.They took a wrong turning.B.They threw their map away.C.It‟s too dark to see where they ‟re goingD.They are a long way from home.58.What do they decide to do?
A.To follow the path.B.To make a good plan.C.To walk along the river.D.Not to worry about it.59.What happens to Jamie?
A.He can‟t see where he ‟s going.B.He falls and hurts hi leg.C.He falls into the river.D.He runs into danger.B
If a snake bites you, take a photo with your mobile phone!It may save your life.This is the surprising advice of a British cook.One day HERRY Jackson was working in a restaurant kitchen.He picked up a dish from the table, and suddenly a snake appeared…and bit him on the hand.A few days earlier, the snake came to the restaurant from Asia in a box of bananas.It climbed out of the box and hid under the dish.“I went to try to pick it up and it bit me again.I threw it across the kitchen, and it landed in the fridge.So I closed the door,” Mr.Jackson said.Anyway, Mr.Jackson stayed cool and he took a photo of the snake with his mobile phone.Soon his hand began to ache and he went to hospital.Then his chest began to hurt.Doctors couldn‟t say what was wrong because they didn‟t know what kind of snake it was.Then Mr.Jackson remembered his mobile phone photo.The doctors sent it to London Zoo.When they knew the kind of snake, they could give Mr.Jackson the right medicine, and he left hospital the next day.“So my advice is this: If a snake bites you, pick up your phone.Take its photo first and then show the photo to the doctors,” suggests Mr.Jackson.“Oh, and if the snake doesn‟t smile for its photo, don‟t worry!”
60.When the snake bit Mr.Jackson, it was ________.A.hiding in a box of bananasB.climbing out of a box of bananas
C.lying under a dishD.climbing into the fridge
61.Mr.Jackson threw the snake across the room probably because ________.A.he was surprisedB.he wanted to get a better photo
C.his chest began to hurtD.the fridge door was open
62.Mr.Jackson closed the friend door so that ________.A.he could take a photoB.the snake couldn‟t go back to the zoo
C.the snake because coolD.he was safe from the snake
(C)
In 2000, the Mars Global Surveyor photographed cracks(裂缝)on the surface of Mars.The cracks looked like dry riverbeds.But Mars doesn’t have rivers!Scientists puzzled over what could have caused them.Professor Philip Christensen of Arizona State University has an answer: snow.Mars’ north and south poles(极)are covered with
ice and snow.As Mars whirls around the sun, it wobbles slightly.When one icy pole tilts toward the sun, some of the ice becomes gas.Winds blow the gas around the planet, where it falls once more as snow—and carves out the riverbeds.Christensen wrote up his theory(理论)and published it this week in the science journal Nature.“I‟ve never experienced anything like this before,” he told Scholastic News Online of his discovery.“It felt like something clicked.I know why people say a lightbulb goes off.It just clicked, and I said, „Ah—ha!”
63.What caused the cracks on Mars‟ surface?
A.SnowB.SpaceshipC.StoneD River
64.How did Professor Christensen figure out what caused the cracks?
A.He figured out the fact by watching.B.He figured out the fact by observing.C.He figured out the fact by guessing.D.He figured out the fact by landing on the Mars.65.What did the scientists use to take photos of the cracks on Mars‟ surface?
A.SpaceshipB.Man—made satellite
C.TelescopeD.Space sounder
五、完成句子(本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分)
根据所给中文意思完成句子,每空限填一词。
1.你们正为春节做准备吗?(中考冲刺,P55,5)
Are you __________ __________ for Spring Festival?
2.我正盼望着和父母去迪士尼乐园。(中考冲刺,P55,11)
I‟m __________ __________ to going to Disneyland with my parents.3.她将要带他们参观北京四合院。(中考冲刺,P55,17)
She is going to __________ them __________ a Beijing siheyuan.4.在北极气候将会变暖,因此海浪将会很汹涌。(中考冲刺,P55)
It will ___________ ___________ at the North Pole , so the seas will be very rough.5.为什么不把正确的拼写和语法写在错误旁边呢?(中考冲刺,P56,32)
Why don‟t you __________ _________ the correct spelling and grammar next to the mistakes?
六、补全对话(本大题共5小题,每小题1分,共5分)(八年级上册,P26)
根据对话内容,在每小题的空白处填入适当的话语,使对话意思完整。
A: When does Sally arrive in Beijing?
B: Next month.A: and how long have you known her?
B: For two years.A: But have you ever met her?
B: No, I haven‟t.(1)______________________________.We like the same things.A:(2)_____________________________.?
B: Yes, a little.She ‟s studied it for a year.She says it‟s very difficult.A: Yes, it is!It is easier to learn a foreign language when you visit the country.B:(3)_____________________________?
A: Since 2004.B: And how long have you studied Chinese?
A: For a year.(4)______________________________?
B: Well, her school orchestra has some concerts, but she has heard about the Hope Schools and she wants to visit a school in Gansu or Qingdao.A:(5)______________________________?
B: It‟s a school for poor children.In fact, since 1989 Project Hope has built schools all over China.A: Really? That sounds interesting.Tell me more.七、任务型阅读(本大题共5小题,每小题1分,共5分)(中考冲刺,P137)
阅读短文,根据短文内容完成表格。
Recently I was walking in town when I saw a group of school students in uniform.I was shocked to see that the girls‟ skirts were very short and they were wearing a lot of make—up.The boys looked shirtfronts open.I noticed that some of the students had pierced(穿洞的)ears and noses, which I don’t think should be allowed at school.And the other day, I was riding on the subway when I saw some boys from a local school, I knew they were from this school because they were wearing the same uniform as my children.Instead of sitting quietly, these boys were making a lot of noise, chewing gums in an ugly manner, and using bad language.All the other passengers were looking at them and wondering how it was possible for these boys not to have any self—respect(自尊).They were also giving their school a very bad image, which is shameful(羞耻的).I am a mother of two teenagers at this school and I am worried that my children also behave like this and I do not know about it.Do school students know what is allowed and what is not allowed when they are wearing their school uniform? I think the school should be stricter with the students.And I think all students should be taught how to be polite.Be suppose to
Not be allowed to
Dress up as a school student
1.Wear very short skirt.______________________________
one‟s ears or nose ________________________________
Keep uniform clean an tidy
2.Make uniform ______________________________________
Behave politely
3.______________________________when talking
Obey the public rules
4.make _______________in public
八、综合填空(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)(中考冲刺,P89)
根据短文内容及首字母提示,填写所缺单词,使短文意思完整。
Traveling to all countries of the world gets easier and easier, but how well do we know and u______________(1)each other? Here is a simple test.Imagine you will hold a m______________(2)at four o‟clock, what time should you expect your f______________(3)business friends to come? If they are Germans, they will arrive on time.If they are American, they‟ll probably be fifteen minutes e______________(4).If they are British, they‟ll be fifteen minutes late.The British seemed to think since the English l______________(5)was widely used in the world, what they did was certain to be widely understood.Very soon they found they were completely w______________(6).For example, the British are happy to have a business lunch and discuss business matters with a drink d______________(7)the meal;the Japanese prefer not to work while eating.Lunch is a t______________(8)for them to relax and get to know each other, and they don‟t drink at lunch.The Germans like to talk about business b______________(9)dinner;the French like to eat f______________(10)and talk afterwards.They have to be well fed and watered before they discuss anything.
第五篇:中考复习专题练习--电动自行车
中考复习专题练习--电动自行车
1、油价在飞,电动自行车很可爱,既经济又健身.它可以电动骑行,亦可以脚踏骑行(如图所示).使用前,应先对车上的蓄电池充电.电动骑行时,蓄电池对车上电动机供电,电动机为车提供动力.右下表是某品牌电动自行车的一些主要技术参数:
最高车速 整车质量 轮胎能承受的最大压强 蓄电池工作电压 一次充电储存电能
额定电压
电动机
额定功率 电动机效率
≤45km/h 50kg 2×105Pa 48V 0.9kW•h 48V 240W 80%
(1)电动自行车以额定功率行驶时的工作电流是多大?(2)若该车在行驶过程中轮胎与地面接触的总面2积为100cm,那么其所载人和物体的总质量不能超过多少kg?(3)由表可知,电动机效率为80%,即消耗电能的80%用于电动机对外做有用功.若该电动自行车在平直的公路上匀速行驶时受到的平均阻力为45N,则蓄电池充满一次电最多能连续行驶多远?
2、在某建筑工地上,为了搬运建筑材料,常采用如图所示简单机械.示意图中滑轮A与滑车连接,滑轮D固定在地面塔架上.此滑轮组在1分钟内将质量为0.5吨的建筑材料匀速提升5米,若钢丝绳拉力为2200牛,所用的拉力由电动机提供,电动机效率为55%.(钢丝绳重和摩擦不计,g=10N/kg). 求:(1)滑轮组的机械效率?
(2)如果提供动力的电动机在220V的电压下正常工作,求此电动机的额定功率.
3、电动自行车给人们出行带来了很大的方便,同时具有对环境污染小,节约能源等优点,是人们短途出行较喜爱交通工具之一.右图是某品牌电动车,它最大运行速度可达36Km/h,额定电压 36V,电动机额定功率200W,最大输出电流10A,净重20Kg,最大载重量100Kg,电池容量“20Ah”.(1)电动自行车行驶时电动机将电能转化为 能和少量的 能.
2(2)若车胎与地面的接触面积为20cm,当电动车最大载重量时对地面的压强是多少?
(3)若质量为40Kg的小明骑着电动车在水平地面上行驶时,电机刚好以额定功率和最大车速行驶,摩擦阻力为总重的1/60,且电源电压恒定不变,则电动车的效率是多大?此电动车在这样路面上的能行驶的最大路程是多少?
4、电动自行车是一种常见的交通工具,使用前要先对车上的蓄电池充电.骑行时,蓄电池对车上的电动机供电,电动机为车提供动力.下面方框中是某种品牌电动自行车的一些主要技术参数.
(1)若该车在行
-22驶过程中轮胎与地面接触的总面积为1.5×10m,那么其载重量最大不能超过多少(取g=10N/kg)?(2)若该车以10m/s的速度匀速行驶时,受到的阻力为50N,电能转化为机械能的效率为80%,求该车充一次电后,以所述情况行驶时,最多能行驶多远?
(3)假如电动自行车以10m/s的速度匀速行驶,且受到阻力为50N,则电动自行车工作电流有多大?
5、小军同学在学习了电路和安全用电的有关知识后,回家对家里的用电器及用电情况进行了全面的调查,调查记录如表.
用电器 照明灯 彩电 洗衣机 电冰箱 电饭煲 电脑
额定电功率
200 160 800 120
闸刀开关上保险丝的熔断电流为20A 电能表上标有“220V、20A”
①星期天中午,小军用电饭煲煮饭的同时,观看电视新闻,为了节约能源,只开了厨房里的一盏灯,恰巧电冰箱正在工作.求这时小军家的家用电路中的总电流是多大?
②小军的父母想在现有的电路上再安装一台1500w的空调机,请通过计算说明是否可行?
6、随着城市建设进程的加快,绵阳城内出现子许多高层建筑,电梯是高层建筑的重要组成部分.某电梯公寓的电梯某次在竖直向上,运行的过程中,速度随时间变化的情况如图所示,忽略电梯受到的空气阻力和摩擦阻力,向上运行的动力只有竖直向上的电动机拉力,电梯箱和乘客的总质量为600kg,g=10N/kg.求: ①电梯在匀速运动阶段上升的高度h1是多少?拉力F1做了多少功?
②电梯在加速阶段的平均速度等于该阶段速度的最大值和最小值的平均值.已知在加速阶段,电动机的拉力F2做了11520J的功;求加速阶段电动机拉力F2的大小?
③电梯开始向上运动后经过64s,电动机的拉力的平均功率是多大?
数量 15盏 1台 1台 1台 1个 1台
7、如图所示为小红旅游时看到的登山缆车,小红想估算登山缆车的机械效率.她从地图上查到,缆车的起点和终点的海拔高度分别为230m和840m,两地的水平距离为1200m.一只缆车运载15个人上山的同时,有另一只同样的缆车与它共用同一个滑轮组,运载8个人下山.每个人的体重大约是60kg.从铭牌看到,缆车的自重(质量)为600kg.小红还用直尺粗测了钢缆的直径,约为2.5cm.拖动钢缆的电动机铭牌上标明,它的额定功率(电动机正常工作时的功率)为45kW.管理人员说,在当时那种情况下,电动机的实际功率(电动机实际工作时的功率)为额定功率的60%.实际测得缆车完成一次运输所用的时间为7min.试计算:
(1)缆车做的有用功是多少?(取g=10N/kg)
(2)电动机实际做的总功(缆车做的总功)是多少?(3)缆车的机械效率.
8、某品牌双桶洗衣机的部分技术数据如下表所示.
名称 洗涤电动机 脱水电动机
额定电压 220V 220V
频率 50HZ 50HZ
工作电流 0.5A 0.8A
求:(1)该洗衣机洗涤时的电功率是多少瓦?脱水时的电功率是多少瓦?
(2)把洗衣机洗涤时从正转→停→反转→停叫完成一次周期性变化,那么该洗衣机洗涤时完成一次周期性变化所消耗电能为多少焦耳?
(3)该洗衣机洗涤7min所耗电能为多少焦耳?