刘结一部长助理在联合国亚太经社会第65届会议一般性辩论中的发言

第一篇：刘结一部长助理在联合国亚太经社会第65届会议一般性辩论中的发言

主席先生，执行秘书女士，各位代表：

Mr.Chairman, Madam Executive Secretary, Representatives，很高兴来曼谷出席联合国亚太经社会第65届会议。感谢泰国政府和亚太经社会秘书处为会议所做的周到安排，特别感谢阿披实总理到会讲话。

It gives me great pleasure to attend the 65th Commission Session of the United Nations Economic and Social Committee for Asia and the Pacific(ESCAP).My thanks go to the Thai government and ESCAP Secretariat for their thoughtful arrangements for this meeting.I particularly wish to thank Prime Minister Abhisit Vejjajiva for coming to this segment and addressing the audience.主席先生，Mr.Chairman，当前，国际金融危机仍在蔓延，亚太经济发展受到严重影响。经济增速放缓，贸易额急剧下降，失业人口陡增，社会稳定面临压力。根据亚太经社会刚刚发表的《亚太经济社会概览》，亚太地区拥有全球三分之二的贫困人口，也是全球一半左右自然灾害的发生地，粮食能源问题依然突出，气候变化造成的自然灾害等问题凸显。亚太地区落实千年发展目标、实现经济社会可持续发展形势严峻。

The ongoing international financial crisis has had a serious impact on the economic growth of the Asia-Pacific region.Its growth has slowed down, its trade dropped sharply, unemployment surged all of a sudden and pressure is mounting on social stability.According to the latest Economic and Social Survey of Asia and the Pacific released by ESCAP, the Asia-Pacific region is home to two thirds of the world's poor and half of the natural disasters in the world occur here.Food, energy and natural disasters induced by climate change remain acute issues.For this region, to achieve the Millennium Development Goals(MDGs)and sustainable economic and social development is a severe challenge.妥善应对挑战，共克时艰，是我们共同的任务。为此，我愿提出以下几点主张：

It is our shared responsibility to meet the challenge and overcome the difficulties.To this end, I would like to make the following proposals:

一、全力恢复经济增长是当前最紧迫的任务，也是影响全局的关键因素。各国应加强宏观经济政策协调，并根据形势发展，进一步采取积极有效的刺激措施，扩大内需，稳定市场。亚太国家外贸依存度普遍较大，维护开放自由的全球和区域贸易体系事关各方切身利益，我们应共同反对贸易和投资保护主义，推动多哈回合谈判取得全面、平衡的成果。继续推动《亚太贸易协定》等区域多边贸易体制发展，推动贸易与投资自由化和区域经济一体化，增强对域外市场波动的免疫力。

First, our immediate task is to do all we can to restore growth as it is crucial to the whole world now.All countries should enhance coordination in macro-economic policy and, as the situation evolves, take further positive and effective stimulus measures to boost domestic demand and stabilize markets.The Asia-Pacific countries have an immediate interest in upholding open and free trade systems at both global and regional levels, as most of them largely depend on external trade.We should jointly oppose trade protectionism, and push the Doha Round negotiations towards a comprehensive and balanced outcome.We should continue to promote the Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement(APTA)and other regional multilateral trade mechanisms as well as trade and investment liberalization and regional economic integration so as to boost our ability to weather the turbulences arising from markets outside our region.二、粮食能源安全和气候变化均是影响民生和可持续发展的长期性问题，需统筹应对。亚太地区现有约9.5亿人生活在贫困线以下，金融危机加剧了贫困状况。气候变化造成自然灾害频仍、农业生产力下降。各国应加大对粮食生产投入，改善粮食贸易环境，为粮食生产创造有利条件。树立和落实互利合作、多元发展、协同保障的新能源安全观。遵循《联合国气候变化框架公约》及其《京都议定书》，按照“共同但有区别的责任”的原则加强应对气候变化努力。

Second, to achieve sustainable development, we need to adopt a holistic approach to address the long-term issues of energy and grain security as well as climate change that affect people's lives.In the Asia-Pacific region, about 950 million people live below the poverty line and the financial crisis has made the poor poorer.Because of climate change, natural disasters are frequent and agro-productivity decreased.All countries should increase input into and create better conditions for grain production, and improve the environment for grain trade.We must adopt a new thinking on energy security that advocates mutually beneficial cooperation, diversified forms of development and common energy security through coordination.We should also step up our efforts to address climate change under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and its Kyoto Protocol, as well as the principle of “common but differentiated responsibilities”.三、贫困人口是受危机影响最大的弱势群体，需要我们特别关注。目前，亚太地区基础社会保障水平很低，仅约30%的老年人享有养老金，约 20%的居民享有医疗保障。贫困人口的发展关系到本地区整体可持续发展。应加强社会保障体系，增加居民收入，提高消费能力，刺激经济发展。应高度关注和尽量减少国际金融危机对本地区发展中国家特别是最不发达国家造成的损害。有关各方特别是发达国家应承担责任和义务，继续履行对发展中国家的援助、减债等承诺。

Third, the poor population is the most vulnerable to the crisis and deserves our special attention.In the Asia-Pacific region, the basic social security level is low.Only about 30% of the elder people enjoy old-age pension and 20% of the population are covered by medical insurance.The development of the poor is an important factor in the overall sustainable development of the region.We should strengthen social security systems and increase people's income and consumption capability.This will also stimulate economic growth.We should pay high attention to and minimize the damage of the international financial crisis on developing, especially the least developed countries in the region.Parties concerned, developed countries in particular, should honor their responsibilities and obligations and continue to fulfill their commitments to developing countries on assistance and debt reduction.四、实现社会和谐，是亚太各国的共同目标。当前形势下，面对各种挑战，更要树立和谐的观念，以统筹、全面、协调的方式推进各领域发展。发展是当前第一要务，要通过发展来解决各种问题。经济社会各领域发展要相互协调，确保发展的长期可持续性。

Fourth, social harmony is the common goal of all Asia-Pacific countries.In the face of various challenges today, it is more important to pursue harmony and promote comprehensive development in an all-round and coordinated way.Development is the top priority and the key to the solution of various issues.And long-term and sustainable development requires coordinated development in different economic and social sectors.主席先生，Mr.Chairman，金融危机给中国带来了前所未有的困难和挑战。作为最大的发展中国家，中国努力保持自身经济的平稳较快增长本身就是对世界最大的贡献。我们把扩大国内有效需求特别是消费需求作为经济增长的基本立足点，果断实施积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策，相应出台了系统完整的一揽子计划。包括大规模增加政府支出，实施总额达4万亿元人民币的两年投资计划，规模相当于2007年中国GDP的16%；多次降息和增加银行体系流动性，共释放流动性约8000 亿元人民币；大范围实施产业调整振兴规划，提高国民经济整体竞争力；大幅度提高社会保障水平，继续提高企业退休人员基本养老金，提高失业保险金等。投入 8500亿元，力争用三年时间基本建成覆盖全国城乡的基本医疗卫生制度。实施更加积极的就业政策，千方百计减缓金融危机对就业的影响。目前，这些措施已取得了初步成效。我们对实现2009年中国经济社会发展的主要预期目标充满信心。

The financial crisis has brought China unprecedented difficulties and challenges.As the largest developing country, China is working to maintain its steady and rapid economic growth, which is in itself the biggest contribution to the world.To boost growth, we start with the expansion of effective domestic demand, particularly consumer demand.We have swiftly adopted a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately easy monetary policy and launched a systematic and comprehensive package plan.This package plan includes a substantial increase of government spending, and a two-year program involving a total investment of RMB4 trillion, equivalent to 16% of China's GDP in 2007.Our several cuts in interest rates and increases in liquidity in the banking system have released about RMB800 billion of liquidity.We have also launched a large-scale industrial restructuring and rejuvenation program to enhance the competitiveness of our economy.We are trying to substantially raise the level of social security.We will continue to increase basic pension for enterprise retirees and unemployment insurance benefits.With an investment of RMB850 billion, we are working to set up a nationwide basic medical and healthcare system covering both urban and rural areas within three years.We are pursuing a more active employment policy and trying every means to mitigate the impact of the financial crisis on employment.All these measures have achieved initial success, giving us full confidence to meet our major economic and social development goals in 2009.主席先生，Mr.Chairman，中国积极参与国际和地区应对危机的合作，为促进国际金融体系改革、加强全球宏观经济政策协调等发挥了建设性作用。中国向国际金融公司贸易融资计划提供了首批15亿美元的融资支持。中国尽最大努力向有关国家提供支持和帮助，同有关国家和地区签署了总额达6500亿元人民币的双边货币互换协议，积极参与清迈倡议多边化框架下的货币储备库建设，维护地区经济金融形势稳定，促进地区金融合作和贸易发展。

China has taken an active part in the international and regional cooperation to tackle the crisis.It has played a constructive role in promoting reform of international financial institutions and improving global coordination in macro-economic policies.China has provided US$1.5 billion as the first portion of its financial support to the Global Trade Finance Program of the International Finance Corporation.China has made utmost effort to offer support and assistance to other countries.It has signed bilateral currency swap agreements worth RMB650 billion with relevant countries and regions, actively participated in the building of the currency reserve pooling under the framework of Chiang Mai Initiative Multilateralization, worked for regional economic and financial stability and promoted regional financial cooperation and trade.主席先生，Mr.Chairman，国际金融危机、粮食能源安全和气候变化为本地区实现千年发展目标增添了新的复杂因素。中国是最早提前实现千年发展目标中减贫目标的发展中国家，并为国际社会努力实现千年发展目标做出了力所能及的贡献。去年，中国国务院总理温家宝在联合国千年发展目标高级别会议上代表中国政府为促进落实千年目标再次提出了一系列援助计划，包括向联合国粮农组织捐款3000万美元设立信托基金，用于帮助发展中国家提高农业生产能力的项目和活动；大幅增加援建发展中国家的农业技术示范中心、派往发展中国家的农业专家和技术人员和发展中国家来华留学生名额；免除最不发达国家2008年底对华到期未还的无息贷款，给予有关最不发达国家95%的产品零关税待遇等一系列措施。

The global financial crisis, grain and energy security and climate change have all added complexity to the endeavor of meeting the MDGs in our region.Yet, China has become the first developing country to meet the target of poverty reduction of the MDGs ahead of schedule and done its best to contribute to the international efforts to meet the MDGs.To facilitate the implementation of the MDGs, Premier Wen Jiabao of the State Council of China put forward a series of new assistance programs on behalf of the Chinese Government at the UN High-Level Event on MDGs last year.These programs include a donation of US$30 million to the UN Food and Agriculture Organization to establish a trust fund for projects and activities aimed at improving the agricultural productivity of developing countries;an increase of assistance to the construction of agricultural technology demonstration centers in developing countries;sending more Chinese agricultural experts and technicians to developing countries;accepting a greater number of students from developing countries;and giving zero-tariff treatment to 95% of products from relevant least developed countries.And China has already canceled the outstanding interest-free loans due by the end of 2008 extended to least developed countries.主席先生，Mr.Chairman，联合国亚太经社会为落实千年发展目标、推动区域经济社会可持续发展发挥了重要作用。新形势下，联合国亚太经社会可以通过改革创新、提高效率，为促进亚太各国共同发展与繁荣做出更大贡献。中国一向重视与联合国亚太经社会的合作。面对国际和地区形势广泛而深刻的变化，我们将继续支持联合国亚太经社会的工作，加强与各成员的交流，为建设亚太地区更加美好的未来做出不懈努力。

ESCAP has played an important role in implementing the MDGs and promoting sustainable economic and social development in this region.Under the new world situation, ESCAP can make greater contribution to the common development and prosperity of all Asia-Pacific countries through reform, innovation and improvement of its efficiency.China has always attached importance to its cooperation with ESCAP.In view of the extensive and profound changes in the international and regional situation, we will continue to support ESCAP, strengthen exchanges with other members and make continuous efforts for a better future of the Asia-Pacific region.谢谢！Thank you.

第二篇：爱沙尼亚总统在联大一般性辩论人权发言

爱沙尼亚总统在联大一般性辩论强调网络安全和互联网自由（联合国新闻）

2013年9月25日爱沙尼亚总统伊尔韦斯9月25日在第68届联大一般性辩论发言指出，互联网上和网下的言论自由不仅是民主的基石，也是一项基本人权。伊尔韦斯强调，国际法可在推动建设一个开放可及的网络空间方面发挥至关重要的作用。

各国首脑和政要云集的第68届联大一般性辩论25日进入第二天。当天，爱沙尼亚总统伊尔韦斯（Hendrik Ilves）是第一个在联大全体会议上发言的与会领导人。

伊尔韦斯在谈及网络安全和互联网自由问题时指出，网络犯罪对于国家的安全和福祉都可产生重要影响。在打击互联网犯罪的过程中，提高全世界所有人——从私人电脑用户到大型关键基础设施云的供应商，从政治领导人到国家政府——对这一问题的意识，并努力加以预防是问题的关键所在。

伊尔韦斯说：“网络安全和互联网自由这两个问题有着内在联系，同时也是相辅相成的。不仅如此，国际社会还需在因特网的治理问题上采取一种多利益攸关者的管理模式。言论自由不管是在网上还是在网下，都是任何民主的基石，同时也是一项基本人权，去年人权理事会重申了这一原则。联合国政府专家组也再次重申，在推动建设一个开放可及的网络空间方面，国际法至关重要，我对此感到高兴。”

伊尔韦斯表示，到目前为止，欧洲理事会于2001年通过的预防网络犯罪的《瑞士公约》仍是在这一问题上唯一具有法律约束力的国际文书，如有更多国家加入，该公约就可发挥更大作用。

此外，伊尔韦斯在讲话中还重点谈到了叙利亚问题，称叙利亚冲突是当前“世界上最不可持续的局势”。伊尔韦斯表示，在任何情形下使用化学武器都是令人无法接受的并且必须予以谴责，叙利亚的化学武器必须通过核查的方式迅速加以销毁。禁止化学武器组织和安理会应当为通过具有法律约束力的方式解决这一问题开展行动，最好是以《联合国宪章》第七章为依据，通过强制性制裁手段尽快采取行动。

第三篇：中国代表团团长康勇参赞在2010年联合国裁军审议委员会一般性辩论中的发言

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中国代表团团长康勇参赞在2010年联合国裁军审议委员会一般性辩论中的发言

Statement by Mr.Kang Yong, Head of the Chinese Delegation, at the General Debate of the United Nations Disarmament Commission

2010年3月29日，纽约

New York, 29 March, 2010

主席先生： Mr.Chairman, 首先，请允许我代表中国代表团对你当选今年裁军审议委员会主席表示祝贺。我相信，你的外交经验和才干将引导本次会议取得积极进展。中国代表团将与你和各国代表团充分合作。在此，我也想对你的前任、波兰托皮克大使的工作表示感谢。

At the outset, please allow me, on behalf of the Chinese Delegation, to express congratulations on your assumption of the Chairmanship of this session of the United Nations Disarmament Commission(UNDC).I am convinced that with your diplomatic experience and skill, you will lead this session to fruitful results.The Chinese Delegation will offer its full cooperation to you and to other delegations.I also would like to take this opportunity to express appreciations to your predecessor, Ambassador Andrzej Towpik of Poland, for his outstanding work.主席先生，Mr.Chairman, 当前，各国在安全领域相互依存日益加深，交流与合作不断加强，实现普遍安全的理念深入人心。与此同时，国际社会面临的安全挑战也在增多，局部冲突和热点问题此起彼伏，恐怖主义十分猖獗，多边军控和防扩散仍然任重而道远。Nowadays, the interdependence between various countries in the security field is increasingly deepened, the exchanges and cooperation among countries are strengthened and the concept of security for all is accepted by more and more people.At the same time, the international society is still facing more and more security challenges.The regional conflicts and hotspot issues keep emerging.Terrorism is rampant.There is still a long way to go in multilateral arms control and non-proliferation.中方认为，为进一步公正、有效地推进多边军控和防扩散进程，国际社会应秉持以互信、互利、平等、协作为核心的新安全观，充分尊重和照顾各国正当安全关切，努力建立相互理解和信赖的国家关系，坚持多边主义，巩固以联合国为核心的集体安全体系，通过互利共赢实现普遍安全。

China maintains that, in order to further push forward the multilateral arms control and non-proliferation process in a fair and effective way, the international community should embrace a new security concept featuring mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and coordination, fully respect and accommodate the legitimate security concerns of countries, establish state-to-state relations of mutual understanding and mutual trust, adhere to multilateralism, consolidate the collective security system with the United Nations(UN)at its core and attain the goal of security for all through mutually beneficial means.主席先生，Mr.Chairman, 全面禁止和彻底销毁核武器，实现无核武器世界，关系到全人类的福祉，也是世界各国爱好和平人们的共同愿望。当前，推进国际核裁军进程正面临难得的机遇，国际社会应共同努力，在以下几方面采取切实举措：

To prohibit completely and destruct thoroughly nuclear weapons and realize a world free of such weapons is related to the welfare of all mankind and is the common aspiration of all the peace-loving people from all countries of the world.At present, the international society is facing a good opportunity to push forward the international nuclear disarmament process, and should make joint efforts to take the following practical measures:

一、核武器国家应切实履行《不扩散核武器条约》第六条规定的核裁军义务，并公开承诺不寻求永远拥有核武器。同时应切实维护全球战略平衡与稳定。美俄作为拥有最庞大核武库的国家，应继续率先以可核查、不可逆的方式大幅度削减核武器。我们欢迎美俄谈判新的双边核裁军协议，希望双方早日达成协议。

Firstly, nuclear-weapon states should fulfill in good faith their nuclear disarmament obligations as contained in the Article VI of the Treaty on the Non-proliferation of Nuclear Weapons(NPT), and publicly undertake not to seek permanent possession of nuclear weapons.At the same time, the global strategic balance and stability should be maintained.As countries with the largest nuclear arsenals, the United States and the Russian Federation should continue to take the lead in making drastic and substantive reductions in their nuclear weapons in a verifiable and irreversible manner.We welcome the negotiations on a new bilateral agreement on the reduction of strategic weapons by the United States and the Russia Federation, and hope that two sides will reach agreement at an early date.二、核武器国家应降低核武器在国家安全中的作用，放弃以首先使用核武器为基础的核威慑政策，切实减少核武器威胁。所有核武器国家应该明确承诺无条件不对无核武器国家和无核武器区使用或威胁使用核武器，并就此达成具有法律约束力的国际文书。同时，核武器国家之间应该谈判缔结互不首先使用核武器条约。

Secondly, nuclear-weapon states should reduce the role of nuclear weapons in their national security and abandon the doctrines of nuclear deterrence based on the first use of nuclear weapons, so as to practically reduce nuclear threats.All nuclear-weapon states should undertake clearly and unconditionally not to use or threaten to use nuclear weapons against non-nuclear-weapon states or nuclear-weapon-free zones, and conclude a legally-binding international instrument on it.In the meantime, nuclear-weapon states should negotiate and conclude a treaty on no-first-use of nuclear weapons against one another.三、国际社会应共同努力，积极推进多边核裁军进程。《全面禁止核试验条约》应早日生效。应在日内瓦裁军谈判会议框架内，尽早启动“禁止生产核武器用裂变材料条约”谈判。有关地区国家在自行协商、自愿协议的基础上建立无核武器区的努力必须得到尊重和支持。

Thirdly, the international community should exert joint efforts to advance the multilateral nuclear disarmament process.The Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty(CTBT)should be brought into force at an early date, and the negotiation on the Fissile Material Cut-off Treaty should be started in the framework of Conference on Disarmament(CD)in Geneva as soon as possible.The efforts of countries of relevant regions to establish nuclear-weapon-free zones on the basis of consultations among themselves and voluntary agreements must be respected and supported.四、国际社会应适时制订一项切实可行的分阶段长远规划，包括缔结《全面禁止核武器公约》，在有效国际监督下，最终实现全面、彻底核裁军。

Fourthly, to attain the ultimate goal of complete and thorough nuclear disarmament under valid international monitor, the international community should develop, at an appropriate time, a viable, long-term plan composed of phased actions, including the conclusion of a convention of the complete prohibition of nuclear weapons.主席先生，Mr.Chairman, 核不扩散与核裁军相辅相成。有效推进国际核不扩散努力，切实消除核扩散风险，对维护国际和地区和平与稳定，最终实现全面禁止和彻底销毁核武器至关重要。为此，国际社会应从以下几方面付诸努力：

Nuclear non-proliferation and nuclear disarmament are mutually reinforcing and supplementary to each other.To push forward the international nuclear non-proliferation efforts effectively and eliminate the risks of nuclear proliferation is extremely important for the realization of the complete prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons and maintaining international and regional peace and stability.In this regard, the international society should channel efforts in the following aspects:

第一，致力于营造一个和平稳定和普遍安全的国际环境，尊重彼此安全利益，增进相互信任，从而在根本上消除保留或谋求核武器的动因。

Firstly, foster a peaceful and stable international environment with security for all, respect the security interests of each other, and enhance mutual trust, so as to remove the root causes to reserve or seek nuclear weapons.第二，坚持通过对话与谈判解决防扩散热点问题。有关各方应充分发挥政治智慧，共同寻求妥善解决问题的方案。制裁和施压难以从根本上解决问题。

Secondly, adhere to resolve non-proliferation hotspot issues through dialogue and negotiations.The parties concerned should fully explore political wisdom and jointly seek proper resolutions to the issues.Sanctions and pressure can hardly offer fundamental solutions to the issues.第三，确保国际核不扩散努力的公正性和非歧视性，处理好核不扩散与和平利用核能的关系。应尊重和保证各国和平利用核能的正当权利。坚决摒弃双重标准的做法。

Thirdly, the impartiality and nondiscrimination of the international efforts in nuclear non-proliferation should be ensured, and a balance between non-proliferation and peaceful use of nuclear energy should be struck.The legitimate rights of each state to peaceful use of nuclear energy should be respected and ensured, and the practice of double standard should be firmly abandoned.第四，切实巩固和加强国际核不散法律体系。进一步加强《不扩散核武器条约》的普遍性、权威性和有效性，提高国际原子能机构的保障监督能力，推动联合国安理会第1540号决议得到全面执行。Fourthly, the international nuclear non-proliferation legal system should be consolidated and enhanced.The universality, authority and effectiveness of the NPT should be further promoted, the safeguard capability of the International Atomic Energy Agency(IAEA)be strengthened and the Resolution 1540 of the UN Security Council be implemented in a comprehensive way.第五，在全球范围内提升核安全水平。采取切实有效措施，加强核设施和核材料的安全保护，有效防止核材料流失。各国还应在打击核恐怖主义方面加强合作。

Fifthly, promote nuclear security level in the global scope.Credible and effective measures should be taken to ensure the security of nuclear facilities and materials and prevent the diversion of nuclear materials.Furthermore, all countries should intensify cooperation in combating nuclear terrorism.即将举行的《不扩散核武器条约》审议大会意义重大。各方应抓住这一契机，全面、平衡推进条约确立的核不扩散、核裁军与和平利用核能三大目标，推动审议大会取得实质性成果。

The upcoming NPT Review Conference is of great significance.All parties should seize this opportunity and work to advance the NPT's three major objectives of nuclear non-proliferation, nuclear disarmament and peaceful use of nuclear energy in a comprehensive and balanced manner, so that the Review Conference could produce substantive outcomes.主席先生，Mr.Chairman，中国一贯主张全面禁止和彻底销毁核武器，坚定奉行自卫防御的核战略。中国始终恪守在任何时候和任何情况下都不首先使用核武器，无条件不对无核武器国家和无核武器区使用或威胁使用核武器的承诺。中国是唯一做出上述承诺的核武器国家。中国在核武器发展方面始终采取极为克制的态度，从未参加任何形式的核军备竞赛，也从未在别国部署核武器。这本身就是我们为核裁军事业做出的独特贡献。

China has always stood for the complete prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons, and adheres firmly to the nuclear strategy of self-defense.We have faithfully abided by our commitment that we will not be the first to use nuclear weapons at any time and under any circumstances and that we will unconditionally not to use or threaten to use nuclear weapons against non-nuclear-weapon states or nuclear-weapon-free zones.In fact, China is the only nuclear weapon state that has undertaken such a commitment.China has always exercised the utmost restraint on development of nuclear weapons.We have never participated in any form of nuclear arms race and have never deployed such weapons on foreign soil.This, in itself, is our unique contribution to nuclear disarmament.中国一直积极支持和参与国际防扩散努力，严格履行防扩散国际义务，已建立起一整套与国际接轨的出口管制法律法规体系。中国始终主张通过对话与谈判和平解决朝鲜半岛核问题和伊朗核问题，并为此做出了不懈努力。我们愿与有关各方一道，继续积极推进朝鲜半岛无核化目标，推动伊朗核问题得到妥善解决，维护国际核不扩散体系，维护有关地区的和平与稳定。

China has always supported and participated actively in the international non-proliferation efforts.We have fulfilled strictly our obligations of international non-proliferation and put in place a comprehensive system of laws and regulations on export control which are basically identical with international practices.China calls for peaceful resolutions to the nuclear issue on the Korean Peninsula and the Iranian nuclear issue through dialogue and negotiation, and has made unremitting efforts toward this goal.We are ready to work with other relevant parties to actively promote the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula and proper settlement of the Iranian nuclear issue, with a view to safeguarding international non-proliferation regime and maintaining regional peace and stability.主席先生，Mr.Chairman，宣布2010年代为第四个“裁军十年”，对推动国际军控与防扩散进程具有重要意义。在去年裁审会上，各方围绕第四个“裁军十年”宣言草案要素内容进行了有益的讨论，取得不少共识。中方希望各方继续努力，尊重和照顾彼此关切，相向而行，早日就宣言草案要素达成一致。

It is of great significance for promoting the international arms control and non-proliferation process to declare the decade of 2010 as the Fourth Disarmament Decade.In the last session of the UNDC, various parties carried out beneficial discussion on the Elements of a Draft Declaration of the Fourth Disarmament Decade and reached much common understanding.We hope that all parties will intensify efforts, respect and accommodate each other's concerns, work together and try to reach agreement on the Elements of a Draft Declaration at an early date.中方认为，第四个“裁军十年”宣言应坚持《联合国宪章》的宗旨和原则，以及第一届裁军特别联大《最后文件》确立的有关军控和裁军指导原则，根据当前国际安全形势的新特点，明确今后十年军控与防扩散工作的主要任务和优先事项。宣言内容应全面平衡，能够得到各方普遍支持。

China is of the view that the Declaration of the Fourth Disarmament Decade should be in line with the purposes and principles of the UN Charter and the guiding principles enshrined in the Final Document of the First Special Session of the General Assembly Devoted to Disarmament(SSOD-I).Based on the new characteristics of the current international security situation, the Declaration should specify the main tasks and priorities of the international arms control and non-proliferation for next decade.The content of the Declaration should be comprehensive and well-balanced, which will obtain universal support from all parties.主席先生，Mr.Chairman, 裁审会是唯一多边裁军审议机制。加强裁审会工作，对新形势下推进多边军控和防扩散进程具有积极作用。中方愿与各方共同努力，推动本次裁审会的各项工作取得积极进展，为推动国际军控与防扩散进程公正、合理、健康发展做出我们的贡献。

The UNDC is the sole multilateral disarmament deliberative body.In the new situation, strengthening the work of the UNDC will play a positive role in advancing the multilateral arms control and non-proliferation.China is willing to make joint efforts with all other parties to promote the work of this session of the UNDC, with a view to making contributions to the fair, reasonable and sound development of the international arms control and non-proliferation process.谢谢主席先生。

I thank you, Mr.Chairman.

第四篇：温家宝在第63届联合国大会一般性辩论上的发言

坚持改革开放坚持和平发展

━━在第６３届联合国大会一般性辩论上的发言

中华人民共和国国务院总理温家宝

（２００８年９月２４日）

主席先生：

今年，对于中国来说，是不平凡的一年。我们经历了两件大事：第一件事是汶川特大地震灾害造成了巨大的生命财产损失。中国人民在灾难面前表现了坚强、勇敢、团结和不屈不挠的精神。目前，受灾群众得到了妥善安置，恢复重建工作正在有条不紊地展开。第二件事是北京奥运会成功举办。这一体育盛会不仅为来自世界各地的运动员展示风采创造了良好的条件，而且让世界更多地了解中国，让中国更多地了解世界。在抗震救灾和举办奥运会的过程中，我们得到了国际社会的广泛理解、支持和帮助。在此，我代表中国政府和人民表示诚挚的感谢。

世界都在关注北京奥运会后中国政治经济走向。我可以明确地告诉大家，中国将继续坚定不移地走和平发展道路，继续坚持改革开放不动摇，继续贯彻独立自主的和平外交政策。这符合中国人民的根本利益，也符合世界人民的根本利益，顺应世界潮流。

这次北京奥运会是在中国这样一个最大的发展中国家举行的。国际社会对中国政府和人民为此做出的努力给予了高度评价。奥运会的成功举办，使中国人民受到了极大的鼓舞，增强了实现现代化的信心和力量。同时，我们清醒地看到，中国有１３亿人口，虽然经济总量已经位居世界前列，但人均收入水平仍排在世界１００位之后，城乡发展和区域发展很不平衡，农村特别是西部地区农村还很落后，还有数以千万计的人口没有解决温饱。中国仍然是一个发展中国家，生产力不发达的状况没有根本改变，进一步发展还受到资源、能源、环境等瓶颈的制约。中国的社会主义市场经济体制还不完善，民主法制还不健全，一些社会问题还比较突出。中国实现现代化的任务还很繁重，道路还很漫长。摆在我们面前的机遇和挑战都是空前的。抓住机遇，迎接挑战，聚精会神搞建设，一心一意谋发展，这就是中国政府和中国人民的理念和行动。

中国发展靠什么？靠改革开放。今年是中国改革开放３０周年。改革开放从根本上改变了中国长期封闭落后和沉闷僵化的状况，打破了束缚人们的思想桎梏，调动了亿万人民群众的积极性，大大解放了生产力，有力地推动了经济社会的大发展，给中国大地带来了蓬勃生机和活力。中国３０年的变化，得益于改革开放。中国要实现富强民主文明和谐的现代化目标，仍然要靠改革开放。改革开放是决定当代中国命运的关键抉择，也是决定中国未来前途的战略方向。中国坚持改革开放的政策是坚定不移的。中华民族自古以来就有崇尚革新、兼收并蓄、博采众长的优秀传统和智慧。今天，中国人更从３０年改革开放的切身经验中体会到，只有不断而深入地推进经济体制、政治体制等各项改革，才是经济发展和社会进步的永恒动力；只有全面而持久地扩大对外开放，才是国家富强和民族繁荣的正确道路。这不但是实践探索的结论，也是历史经验的总结。

主席先生：

世界需要和平，和平才能发展。中国要实现自己的发展目标，渴望有一个和平的国际环境。中国政府坚定不移地奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，愿同各国加强合作，共同促进人类和平与发展的崇高事业。

尊重主权和互不干涉内政是国与国之间发展关系的前提。近代屈辱的历史使中国人民懂得，一个国家丧失主权，人民就没有尊严和地位。中国坚决捍卫来之不易的国家主权和领土完整，决不允许任何外来干涉。同时，中国坚持平等相待，尊重别国的主权和领土完整，尊重各国人民自主选择的社会制度和发展道路。

中国愿意在平等互利基础上，同所有国家发展友好关系，不以意识形态和社会制度定亲疏。在国际事务中，我们依照事情本身的是非曲直独立作出判断，根据国家利益和世界人民的福祉决定自己的立场，不盲从，不屈服于任何势力。在国际关系中，中国不结盟，更不当头，而且永远不结盟、不当头。

和平解决国际争端是联合国的宗旨，也是国际法的基本原则。中国坚持以对话和协商的方式处理与其它国家的历史遗留问题和现实分歧。同时，作为联合国安理会常任理事国，中国将一如既往地为推动和平解决国际热点问题和地区冲突发挥积极的建设性作用。

中国的发展是和平的发展，不会损害任何人，也不会威胁任何人。中国现在不称霸，将来也绝不称霸。中国保持和发展适当的军事力量，完全是为了维护国家主权和领土完整。当代中华民族的自信和荣光是建立在经济发展、社会公正、国民素质和道德力量的基础之上的。中国将以自身的发展促进世界的和平与发展。

主席先生：

在人类漫长的发展史上，世界各国的命运从未像今天这样紧密相连，休戚与共。面对气候变暖、环境恶化、资源紧缺、疫病和自然灾害频发、恐怖主义蔓延等一系列威胁人类生存和发展的全球性问题，面对当前金融、能源、粮食三大难题交织爆发的严峻局面，任何一个国家都无法置身其外，也难以单独应对。特别是当前国际金融动荡，已经波及许多国家，影响还会加剧，各国应当通力合作，迎接挑战。全世界的人们，包括各国的领导者，只要消除敌视、隔阂和偏见，以包容开放的胸怀坦诚相待，携手前行，人类一定会战胜各种困难，也一定会拥有一个更加光明美好的未来。中国作为一个负责的发展中大国，愿与国际社会一道，加强合作，共同分享机遇，应对挑战，为推动实现世界的和谐与可持续发展贡献力量。

谢谢大家！

Full text of Chinese premier's speech

at General Debate of 63rd Session of UN General Assembly

UNITED NATIONS, Sept.25(Xinhua)--The following is the full text of the speech delivered by Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao at the General Debate of the 63rd Session of the UN General Assembly on Wednesday.China Committed to Reform and Opening-up and Peaceful Development

Speech by H.E.Wen Jiabao

Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China At the General Debate of the 63rd Session of the UN General Assembly 24 September 2008 Mr.President，For China, this has been a special year.We experienced two major events.One was the devastating earthquake in Wenchuan, which caused grave losses of life and property.In the face of the disaster, the Chinese people showed great strength, courage, solidarity and resilience.By now, the people affected by the earthquake have been properly relocated and recovery and reconstruction work is well underway.The other was the successful hosting of the Beijing Olympic Games.This grand sporting event provided a good opportunity for athletes from around the world to show true sportsmanship.It also enabled the world to learn more about China and China more about the world.In our fight against the earthquake disaster and our efforts to host the Games, we received understanding, support and assistance from the international community.I wish to take this opportunity to express sincere gratitude on behalf of the Chinese Government and people.Now the whole world wants to know in what direction China is heading, both politically and economically, after the Beijing Olympic Games.Let me tell you in unequivocal terms that China will remain committed to the path of peaceful development, unswervingly pursue reform and opening-up, and continue to adhere to an independent foreign policy of peace.This is in the fundamental interests of the Chinese people and the people of all other countries.It is also in keeping with the trend of the world.The just concluded Olympic Games was held in China, the largest developing country in the world.The international community has highly commended the efforts made by the Chinese Government and people for the Games.And its success has greatly inspired the Chinese people and given them even more confidence and strength to achieve modernization of the country.At the same time, however, we are soberly aware that China is a country with 1.3 billion people.Though its total GDP is one of the highest in the world, it trails behind more than 100 countries in terms of per capita income.Development between urban and rural areas and among different regions in China is unbalanced.The rural areas, particularly those in western China, are underdeveloped.Tens of millions of Chinese lack adequate food and clothing.China is still a developing country, where productivity remains low and further development is constrained by the shortage of resources and energy and environmental consequences.Our socialist market economic system, democracy and the rule of law need to be further improved, and certain outstanding social issues are yet to be resolved.To achieve China's modernization is a daunting task and we still have a long way to go.Both the opportunities and challenges that we face are unprecedented.We will seize the opportunities, rise up to challenges, dedicate ourselves to nation-building and focus on development.This is what the Chinese Government and people have been thinking and doing.People may ask: How does China achieve its development? The answer is through reform and opening-up.This year marks the 30th anniversary of China's reform and opening-up policy, a policy that fundamentally changed the closed, backward, and ossified situation which had existed in China for years.It is a policy that freed people's mind and aroused their initiative, liberated the productive forces, generated great economic and social progress, and instilled vigor and vitality into the country.Without this policy, there would not have been such changes in China in the last 30 years.To achieve the goal of modernization and build a strong, prosperous, democratic, culturally advanced and harmonious country, we will stick to the reform and opening-up policy.It is a choice of vital importance to the development of China today.It is also a strategy that will shape China's future.We are firm in carrying this policy forward.The Chinese nation has all along cherished the fine tradition and benefited from the wisdom of being open to new ideas and drawing on the strengths of others.The Chinese people have learned from 30 years of reform and opening-up that only continued economic and political restructuring and reform in other fields can lead to sustained economic growth and social progress, and only continued opening-up in an all-round way can lead the country to greater national strength and prosperity.This is the conclusion we have drawn both from our practice and exploration and from historical experiences.Mr.President，The world needs peace, for only with peace can there be development.China earnestly hopes to have a peaceful international environment in order to achieve its development goals.The Chinese Government is committed to an independent foreign policy of peace and stands ready to work with other countries to advance the noble cause of peace and progress of mankind.Respect for sovereignty and non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries is the prerequisite for sound state-to-state relations.The Chinese people have learned from their modern history of humiliation that when a country loses sovereignty, its people lose dignity and status.China is firm in upholding its hard-won sovereignty and territorial integrity and will never tolerate any external interference.Following the principle of treating each other as equals, China also respects the sovereignty and territorial integrity of other countries as well as the independent choice of their people for social systems and development paths.China is ready to develop friendly relations with all countries on the basis of equality and mutual benefit rather than on ideology or political system.In handling international affairs, we make our own judgment on the merit of each case and take our position in light of our national interests and the wellbeing of the world's people.We will neither blindly follow the position of others nor give way to the pressure of any forces.In international relations, China does not seek to build alliance or become a leader and will never do so in the future.Peaceful settlement of international disputes is a founding purpose of the United Nations and a basic principle of international law.China is committed to addressing issues left over from history and current differences with other countries through dialogue and negotiation.As a permanent member of the UN Security Council, China will continue to play an active and constructive role in promoting peaceful settlement of international hotspot issues and regional conflicts.China's development is peaceful in nature.It will not harm anyone or pose a threat to anyone.China does not seek hegemony now, nor will it do so in the future.China keeps and develops an appropriate level of military capability solely for the purpose of safeguarding China's sovereignty and territorial integrity.The confidence and pride of the Chinese nation today are based on China's economic development, social justice, civility of the people and moral strength.China will, through its own development, contribute to peace and development of the world.Mr.President，In the long history of mankind, the destinies of countries have never been so closely linked as they are today.Given the global nature of issues threatening the survival and development of mankind such as climate change, environmental degradation, resources constraints, frequent outbreaks of diseases and natural disasters and the spread of terrorism, and in the face of the intertwining challenges of finance, energy and food, no country can expect to stay away from the difficulties or handle the problems all by itself.In particular, the international financial instability has spread to many countries now and its impact will grow even greater.All countries should work together to meet the challenges.So long as people of all countries, especially their leaders, can do away with hostility, estrangement and prejudice, treat each other with sincerity and an open mind, and forge ahead hand in hand, mankind will overcome all difficulties and embrace a brighter future.China, as a responsible major developing country, is ready to work with other members of the international community to strengthen cooperation, share opportunities, meet challenges and contribute to the harmonious and sustainable development of the world.Thank you.Full text of Chinese premier's speech

at General Debate of 63rd Session of UN General Assembly

Speech by H.E.Wen Jiabao

'Turning Your Eyes to China'

DEAN KIM CLARK: It's a great pleasure and a privilege to welcome you here today to this historic occasion.On behalf of the faculty and the staff and the students of the Harvard Business School I welcome all of you to our campus.We're certainly pleased to have Premier Wen here today on this great occasion.It's my good fortune to be able to introduce to you today my good friend, Bill Kirby, who is Dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences.Bill.DEAN KIRBY: Thank you very much, Kim.The Faculty of Arts and Sciences at Harvard joins in welcoming all of you and our distinguished guests from the People's Republic of China.Today is a very important occasion, an opportunity for dialogue between members of the Harvard community and the leader of one of the most rapidly transforming and transformative countries in the world, whose future is closely intertwined with our own.And in this global era, universities serve an increasingly important function.We are points of connection and communication between citizens of different regions of the world.Harvard is honored to welcome Premier Wen and his delegation.As the first line of “The Analects” tells us, “How very glad we are to welcome friends from afar.” Our guest speaker today is, as you know, the Premier of the People's Republic of China, Premier Wen Jiabao.Seated to the Premier's left is Mr.Li Zhaoxing, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic.Next to Minister Li is Ma Kai, Minister of the National Development and Reform Commission.To Mr.Ma Kai's left is Mr.Wei Liqun, who is Director of the Research Office of the State Council.And seated next to the Director is the Honorable Yang Jiechi, the Ambassador of the People's Republic of China to the United States.And let me introduce the gentleman to my right.We have already had the pleasure of hearing from Dean Kim Clark of the Harvard Business School.And the gentleman to his right, Professor Dwight Perkins, the Director of the Harvard University Asia Center.To Professor Perkins' right is Professor Wilt Edema, Director of Harvard's Fairbank Center for East Asian Research, and to his right is the Honorable Clark Randt, the United States Ambassador to the People's Republic of China.Welcome, Ambassador Grant.Thank you all for coming, and may I now introduce our next speaker, ladies and gentlemen, the President of Harvard University, Lawrence Summers.PRESIDENT SUMMERS: Thanks very much, Bill.On a day like this I am particularly glad to have a distinguished scholar of Chinese history as the Dean of our Faculty of Arts and Sciences.Premier Wen, we are honored to have you here today.On behalf of the entire Harvard community and especially the 350 Chinese students at Harvard, and the nearly 500 scholars, teachers and professors at Harvard, I am delighted to welcome you to our university.When the history of our era is written a century or two from now I suspect that the end of the Cold War, the fall of the Berlin Wall, may be the second story in that history.The first story in that history may be the dramatic developments on the Asian continent over the last quarter century and the next, and at the center of that story is your country, China.This is surely a moment of promise, of risk, and of opportunity in China.And our distinguished speaker, Wen Jiabao, is poised to lead China into a new era with great potential for growth and prosperity.A geologist by training and an experienced public servant over more than three decades, Premier Wen has the very well-established reputation of being a very able and very well-trusted statesman.He and I had a chance to meet, it was my very great privilege to meet with him, when I traveled to China several years ago on behalf of the U.S.government, and I am now delighted to welcome to Harvard University Premier Wen.Premier Wen, we look forward to your remarks.PREMIER WEN: Mr.President, ladies and gentlemen.I would like to begin by sincerely thanking President Summers for his kind invitation.Harvard is a world famous institution of higher learning, attracting the best minds and bringing them up generation after generation.In its 367 years of history, Harvard has produced seven American presidents and more than 40 Nobel Laureates.You have reason to be proud of your university.It is my great pleasure today to stand on your rostrum and have this face-to-face exchange with you.I like young people very much.Because young people are always so energetic and they have the least conservative ideas, and they represent the future of our world.And this year during the outbreak of the SARS epidemic, I thought about the students.I cared a lot for them, and I wanted to gain strength from them.So that was why I went to our Tsinghua University to have lunch with them.And also I went to Beijing University and I had a chat with the students in the library.At that time probably you could not have imagined what an atmosphere we were in, but I felt that the young people were as hopeful as ever.They always dream about a beautiful future.They pointed to the trees outside the window and said to me, “People like to say that when all the leaves grow, when the tree becomes green all over, this crisis will be over.And they also said that they would all rather be the green leaves themselves, and they asked me, Premier, in this big tree, which part of the tree are you? I immediately replied, ”I'm also one of the leaves like you.“

I think the developments proved to be like they predicted.When spring came back, when the trees became green, this outbreak was driven away.As the speaker today, of course I think I need to explain myself a little bit to my audience, and I owe you this because in this way we can have a heart-to-heart discussion.As you know, as you probably know, I'm the son of a schoolteacher.I spent my childhood mostly in the smoke and fire of war.I was not as fortunate as you as a child.When Japanese aggressors drove all the people in my place to the Central Plaza, I had to huddle closely against my mother.Later on, my whole family and house were all burned up, and even the primary school that my grandpa built himself all went up in flames.In my work life, most of the time I worked in areas under the most harsh conditions in China.Therefore I know my country and my people quite well and I love them so deeply.The title of my speech today is ”Turning Your Eyes To China.“ China and the United States are far apart, and they differ, they differ greatly in the level of economic development and culture.[At this point a protester interrupted.]

Please allow me to continue with my speech.Ladies and gentlemen, I will not be disrupted.Because I'm deeply convinced that the 300 million American people do have friendly feelings towards the Chinese people.And I'm deeply convinced the development and improvement of China-U.S.relations will not only serve the interests of our two peoples but is also conducive to peace and stability of the whole world.I know that China and the United States are far apart geographically and they differ greatly in the level of economic development and a cultural background.I hope my speech will help increase our mutual understanding.In order to understand the true China, a changing society full of promises, it is necessary to get to know her yesterday, her today, and her tomorrow.China yesterday was a big ancient country that created a splendid civilization.As we all know in history of mankind there appeared the Mesopotamian civilization in West Asia, the ancient Egyptian civilization along the Nile in North Africa, the ancient Greek-Roman civilization along the northern bank of the Mediterranean, the ancient Indian civilization in the Indus River Valley in South Asia, and the Chinese civilization originating in the Yellow and Yangtze River Valleys.Owing to earthquake, flood, plague and famine, or to alien invasion or internal turmoil, some of these ancient civilizations withered away, some were destroyed and others became assimilated into other civilizations.Only the Chinese civilization, thanks to its strong cohesive power and inexhaustible appeal, has survived many vicissitudes intact.The 5,000-year-long civilization is the source of pride of every Chinese.The traditional Chinese culture, both extensive and profound, starts far back and runs a long, long course.More than 2,000 years ago there emerged in China Confucianism represented by Confucius and Mencius.Taoism, represented by Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi, and many other theories and doctrines that figured prominently in the history of Chinese thought, all being covered by the famous term, ”the masters' hundred schools.“ From Confucius to Dr.Sun Yat-sen, the traditional Chinese culture presents many precious ideas and qualities, which are essentially populist and democratic.For example, they lay stress on the importance of kindness and love in human relations, on the interest of the community, on seeking harmony without uniformity and on the idea that the world is for all.Especially, patriotism as embodied in the saying, ”everybody is responsible for the rise or fall of the country;“ the populist ideas that, people are the foundation of the country and that people are more important than the monarch;the code of conduct of, don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you;and the traditional virtues taught from generation to generation: long suffering and hard working diligence and frugality in household management, and respecting teachers and valuing education.All these have played a great role in binding and regulating the family, the country and the society.On this year's Teacher's Day, which fell on the 10th of September, I specially went to see Professor Ji Xianlin of Peking University in his hospital ward.Professor Ji, 92 years old, is a great scholar in both Chinese and Western learning, and specializing in Oriental studies.I enjoy reading his prose.And he had a very good habit that is even in his hospital he would keep a journal, in fact a very beautiful essay about what he saw and did and felt for that particular day.And he studied a special Oriental language and probably he is among the very few in the world who actually knows this language.In our conversation we talked about the movement of Eastern learning spreading to the West, and also Western learning spreading to the East in modern times.In the 17th and 18th centuries, foreign missionaries translated Chinese classics into European languages and introduced them to Europe, and this aroused great interest in some eminent scholars and enlightenment thinkers there.Among them, Descartes, Leibniz, Montesquieu, Voltaire, Goethe and Kant all studied the traditional Chinese culture.In my younger days I read Voltaire's writings.He said that a thinker who wanted to study the history of this planet should first turn his eyes to the East, China included.He once said that when people in many other countries are debating about the origin of the human species the Chinese are already seriously writing about their history.Interestingly, one and a half centuries ago, R.W.Emerson, a famous American philosopher and outstanding Harvard graduate, also fell for the traditional Chinese culture.He quoted profusely from Confucius and Mencius in his essays.He placed Confucius on a par with Socrates and Jesus Christ, saying that we read the moral teachings of the Confucius school with profit today, though they were addressed to a state of society unlike ours.Rereading these words of Voltaire and Emerson today, I cannot but admire their wisdom and far sight.China today is a country in reform and opening up, and a rising power dedicated to peace.The late Dr.John King Fairbank used the following words to describe China's overpopulation and land scarcity.On the land owned by one farmer in the U.S., there might live hundreds of people forming a village in China.He went on to say that although the Americans were mostly farmers in the past, they never felt such pressure of population density.A large population and underdevelopment are the two facts China has to face.Since China has 1.3 billion people, I often like to say, I often like to make a very easy but at the same time very complicated division and multiplication.That is, any small individual problem multiplied by 1.3 billion becomes a big, big problem.And any considerable amount of financial and material resources divided by 1.3 billion becomes a very low per capita level.And becomes really small.This is a reality the Chinese leaders have to keep firmly in mind at all times.We can rely on no one else except ourselves to resolve the problems facing our 1.3 billion people.Since the founding of the People's Republic, we have achieved much in our national reconstruction.At the same time we have made a few detours and missed some opportunities.By 1978, with the adoption of the reform and opening up policies, we had ultimately found the right path of development.The Chinese people's path of independently building socialism with Chinese characteristics.The essence of this path of development is to mobilize all positive factors, emancipate and develop the productive forces, and respect and protect the freedom of the Chinese people to pursue happiness.China's reform and opening up have spread from rural areas to the cities, from the economic field to the political, cultural, and social arenas.Each and every step forward is designed in the final analysis to release the gushing vitality of labor, knowledge, technology, managerial expertise and capital, and allow all sources of social wealth to flow to the fullest extent.For quite some time in the past, China had a structure of highly centralized planned economy.With deepening restructuring towards the socialist market economy and progress in a development of democratic politics, there was gradual lifting of the former improper restrictions, visible and invisible, on people's freedom in the choice of occupation, mobility, enterprise, investment, information, travel, faith and lifestyles.This has brought extensive and profound changes never seen before in China's history.On one hand, the enthusiasm of the work force in both cities and countryside has been set free.In particular, hundreds of millions of farmers are now able to leave their old villages and move into towns and the cities, especially in the coastal areas.And tens of millions of intellectuals are now able to bring their talent and creativity into full play.On the other hand, the massive assets owned by the state can now be revitalized.A private capital pool in the amount of trillions of yuan can take shape, and more than 500 billion U.S.dollars' worth of overseas capital can flow in.This combination of capital and labor results in a drama of industrialization and urbanization of a size rarely seen in human history being staged on 9.6 million square kilometers of land called China.Here lies the secret of the 9.4 percent annual growth rate that Chinese economy has been able to maintain in the past 25 years.The tremendous wealth created by China in the past quarter of a century has not only enabled our 1.3 billion countrymen to meet their basic needs for food, clothing and shelter and basically realize a modestly comfortable standard of living but also contributed to world development.China owes all this progress to the policy of reform and opening up and in the final analysis to the freedom-inspired creativity of the Chinese people.It has become so clear to me that, at the current stage, China has an abundant supply of labor in proportion to her limited natural resources and short capital.If no effective measures are taken to protect the fundamental rights of our massive labor force, and in particular the farmer workers coming to the cities, they may end up a miserable plight as described in the novels by Charles Dickens and Theodore Dreiser.Without effective protection of the citizens' rights to property, it will be difficult to attract and accumulate valuable capital.Therefore the Chinese government is committed to protecting the fundamental rights of all the working and the right to property, both public and private.This has been explicitly provided for in China's laws and put into practice.China's reform and opening-up is exactly aimed at promoting human rights in China.The two are mutually dependent and reinforcing.Reform and opening-up creates conditions for the advancement of human rights, and the advancement of human rights invigorates the former.If one separates the two and thinks that China only goes after economic growth and ignores the protection of human rights, such a view does not square with the facts.Just as President FDR said, true individual freedom cannot exist without economic security and independence, and necessitous men are not free men.I am not suggesting that China's human rights situation is impeccable.The Chinese government has all along been making earnest efforts to correct the malpractices and negative factors of one kind or another in the human rights field.It is extremely important and difficult in China to combine development, reform and stability.Seeing is believing.If our friends come to China and see for themselves, they will be able to judge objectively and appreciate the progress made there in human rights and the Chinese government's hard work in upholding human rights since the beginning of reform and opening-up.China is a large developing country.It is neither proper nor possible for us to rely on foreign countries for development.We must and we can only rely on our own efforts.In other words, while opening still wider to the outside world, we must more fully and more consciously depend on our own structural innovation, on constantly expanding the domestic market, on converting the huge savings of our citizens into investment, and on improving the quality of the population and scientific and technological progress to solve the problems of resources and the environment.Here lies the essence of China's relative peaceful rise and development.Of course, China is still a developing country.There is an obvious gap between its urban and rural areas and between its eastern and western regions.If you travel to the coastal cities in China's southeast, you will see modern size skyscrapers, busy traffic, and brightly lit streets.But that is not what China is all about.In vast rural areas of China, especially in the central and western rural parts, there are still many backward places.Not long ago, Secretary Evans of Commerce had a talk with me about China/U.S.economic relations and trade.Before he met with me he went to see some rural areas in China's west and in our meeting he showed me two pictures he shot in his visit and reflected the state of backwardness in those quarters.And in fact he felt strongly about what he saw.He said that he would never forget the people that he met within that trip.I said to him that out of the total of 2,500 counties in China I have personally been to 1,800 of them and I've been to the poorest areas in China.I said to him that what you saw in fact is not the poorest of areas and I said that if you can see what China really is then our discussion today would be very easy.And our conversation did indeed turn out to be very interesting and useful.In those poor and remote mountain villages folks still use manual labor and animals to till the land.They live in houses made of sun-dried mud bricks.In times of severe drought there will be scarcity of drinking water for people and animals.I often remember in my mind two lines from a poem written by Mr.Chen Banjao in 18th century.That is:

The rustling of bamboo outside my door Sounds like the moaning of the needy poor.As the premier of China I'm often torn with anxiety and unable to eat or sleep with ease when I think of the fact that there are still 30 million farmers lacking food, clothing and shelter, 23 million city dwellers living on subsistence allowances and 60 million disabled and handicapped people in need of social security aid.For China to reach the level of developed countries it will still take the sustained hard work of several generations, a dozen generations or even dozens of generations.China tomorrow will continue to be a major country that loves peace and has a great deal to look forward.Peace loving has been a time-honored quality of the Chinese nation.The very first emperor of the Qin Dynasty commanded the building of the Great Wall 2,000 years ago for defense purposes.The Tang Dynasty opened up the Silk Road one thousand years ago in order to sell silk, tea and porcelain to other parts of the world.Five hundred years ago, Zheng He, the famous diplomat navigator of the Ming Dynasty, led seven maritime expeditions to seek friendly ties with other countries, taking along China's exquisite products, advanced farming and handicraft skills.The great Russian writer Leo Tolstoy once called the Chinese nation the oldest and largest nation, and, the most peace-loving nation in the world.As the modern times began, the ignorance, corruption and self-imposed seclusion of the feudal dynasties led China to prolonged social stagnation, declining national strength and repeated invasions by the foreign powers.Despite compounded disasters and humiliation, the Chinese nation never gave up, and managed to emerge from each setback stronger than before.A nation learns a lot more in times of disaster and setback than in normal times.Now, China has laid down her three-step strategy towards modernization.From now to the year 2020, China will complete the building of a comfortable society in an all-round way.By 2049, the year the People's Republic will celebrate its centenary, we will have reached the level of a medium-developed country.We have no illusions but believe that on our way forward, we shall encounter many difficulties foreseeable and unpredictable and face all kinds of tough challenges.We cannot afford to lose such a sense of crisis.Of course, the Chinese government and people are confident enough to overcome all the difficulties and achieve our ambitious goals through our vigorous efforts.This is because the overriding trend of the present-day world is towards peace and development.China's development is blessed with a rare period of strategic opportunities.And if we don't grasp it, it will slip away.We are determined to secure a peaceful international environment and a stable domestic environment in which to concentrate on our own development, and with it to help promote world peace and development.This is because the socialism China adheres to is brimming with vigor and vitality.From the day when I became Prime Minister, I made an analogy.I said that socialism is like an ocean that takes in all the rivers and will never go dry.While planting our feet solidly on our national conditions we will boldly press ahead with reform and opening-up, and boldly absorb all fine achievements of human civilizations.There is no limit to the life and exuberance of a socialism that is good at self-readjustment and self-improvement.This is because 25 years of reform and opening-up has given China a considerable material accumulation, and her economy has gained a foothold in the world.The motivation of China's millions to pursue happiness and create wealth is an inexhaustible reservoir of drive for the country's modernization.This is because the Chinese nation has rich and profound cultural reserves.Harmony without uniformity is a great idea put forth by ancient Chinese thinkers.It means harmony without sameness, and difference without conflict.Harmony entails co-existence and co-prosperity, while difference conduces to mutual complementation and mutual support.To approach and address issues from such a perspective will not only help enhance relations with friendly countries, but also serve to resolve contradictions in the international community.Ladies and Gentlemen, A deeper mutual understanding is a two-way process.I hope American people, young people in this country, will turn their eyes to China.I also trust that our young people will turn their eyes more to the United States.The United States is a great country.Since the days of the early settlers the Americans with their toughness, frontier spirit, pragmatism, innovation, and their respect for knowledge, admission of talents, their scientific tradition and rule of law, have forged the prosperity of this country.The composure, courage and readiness to help one another shown by the American people in the face of the September 11th terrorist attacks are truly admirable.Entering the 21st century, mankind is confronted with more complicated economic and social problems.The cultural element will have a more important role to play in the new century.Different nations may speak different languages, but the people's hearts and feelings are interlinked.Different cultures may present manifold features, yet they often share the same rational core elements that can always be passed on by people.The civilizations of different nations are all fruits of human wisdom and contribution to human progress;they call for mutual respect.Conflicts triggered by ignorance or prejudice are sometimes more dreadful than those caused by contradictory interests.We propose to seek common in a spirit of equality and tolerance, and carry on extensive inter-civilization dialogue and closer cultural exchanges.In his poem, ”Malvern Hill," the famous American poet Herman Melville wrote:

Wag the world how it will.Leaves must be green in Spring.The youth represents the future of the nation and the world.Faced with the bright prospect of China-U.S.relations in the new century, I hope the young people of China and the young people of the United States will join their hands more closely.Ladies and Gentlemen, Chinese forefathers formulated their goals as follows:

To ordain conscience for Heaven and Earth.To secure life and fortune for the people.To continue lost teachings for past sages.To establish peace for all future generations.Today, mankind is in the middle of a period of drastic social change.It would be a wise approach for all countries to carry forward their fine cultural heritages by tracing back their origin, passing on the essentials, learning from one another and breaking new ground.My appeal is that we work together with our wisdom and strength for the progress and development of human civilization.Our success will do credit to our forbears and bring benefit to our posterity.In this way, our children and their children will be able to live in a more peaceful, more tranquil and more prosperous world.I am convinced that such an immensely bright and beautiful tomorrow will arrive.Thank you for your attention.Now I'll be happy to take questions from you.You may raise your hands.DEAN KIRBY: Thank you, Premier Wen, for your wide ranging and very interesting historical perspective.And as a historian I have many questions I would like to ask you, but it's not my turn.We have several questions that have been submitted by our students, and I just have to tell you that students ask much harder questions than deans.So if I may read you one question that has been submitted by our students.Premier Wen, what do you feel are the prospects for democracy in China? Do you envisage any changes in the role of the Communist Party? For example, do you envisage contested direct elections for township, county, and provincial governments?

PREMIER WEN: There's no question that to develop democracy, the objective of our endeavor, all our efforts will be aimed at building China into a prosperous, democratic, civilized and modern country.We once said that without democracy there will be no socialism.To develop socialist democracy some specific measures will have to be taken.First, we need to improve the election system.Just now you mentioned election in China.Among China's 680,000 villages we carry out direct election for the Villager's Committee.And direct/indirect election is carried out at counties and the municipalities where they don't have districts.And we also have indirect election for officials at provincial and central level.Because conditions are not ripe yet for direct election of senior officials, China is such a big country and our economic development is so uneven, to start with I think the educational level of the population is not high enough.Second, we should let the people supervise the work of the government and be critical of the performance of the government.Only when we allow the people to supervise the performance of the government, the government cannot afford to slack in its efforts in serving the people.And only when the government accepts the criticism from the public we can ensure the success of all policy.In China it would be a time-consuming process to develop China's democracy perfectly.But if you look at the U.S.history it is also time consuming for U.S.to develop its democracy from the days of the Declaration of Independence in the year 1776 to the Civil War in 1860s, and to the incidents of Martin Luther King in the 1960s.Just now in the speech I quoted President Roosevelt.He said the necessitous men were not free men.In fact in preparing his Declaration of Independence President Jefferson also placed the right to development before anything else.President Jefferson put the right to life before anything else.So we need to work to improve the living standards of 1.3 billion Chinese people.This is a big challenge ahead.Thank you.People sometimes have mixed feelings about giving a speech in Harvard.They like to come here very much because Harvard is so famous as a gathering place of the best brains in the world.But at the same time they also feel afraid because they know from the faculty and students there will be touch questions.Before I arrived here I kept recalling one remark my mother always said to me.According to my mother a person should try to be truthful, honest, sincere and candid.If a people can reach these standards then he will find himself with a very highest state of mind.I may not be able to give you good answers, yet I always speak from my mind and tell you the truth.DEAN KIRBY: A question from the floor.Yes ma'am.WOMAN: My name is Changju.I'm from the Harvard School of Education, and I came here two years ago.I got my Bachelor of Arts degree from Beijing University, from the English Department.And my question is, we are very excited that Beijing is going to host the 2008 Olympic Games, and when Premier Wen has said that we're going to do our best to host the Olympic Games, so I was wondering what kind of aspects are you talking about.Thank you.PREMIER WEN: It seems that she is more nervous than I am.I don't know about the audience if there are more Chinese students or more American students.But since you mentioned the Olympic Games that is to be hosted by China, it reminds me of a sad story in the past.Before China was liberated, before PRC was founded in '49, we at that time were only able to send one athlete by name of Yo Jangjin, he was a short distance runner, to participate in the Olympic Games.The game was held in the United States so he took a ship and had a long journey.He was already exhausted after the long journey when he reached the United States.He was the only representative of China in the Olympic Games.He did not win any medal but he had the support and attention and care of the entire Chinese population.Now it's a different story.The Olympic Games is going to be held in China.This is because China has developed itself to a great extent, and China already has the respect of the international community.I said we will stage an excellent game in China.This will mean that it will be of very high standard.But at the same time I have to say that China is still a developing country.We have to practice economy.We cannot squander the resources away.Thank you.DEAN KIRBY: The gentleman far up in the white shirt, there sir?

MAN: I hope it's OK if I speak in English for this question.You mentioned in your visit with President Bush a couple of days ago that you are hoping to encourage American imports into China to balance the trade deficit.And I was wondering what steps China will be taking to encourage American imports into China.PREMIER WEN: Indeed the Americans have a strong interest in seeing more U.S.products to be sold in Chinese market.And I also discussed this with President Bush yesterday.It will be fair to draw attention to the fact that in recent two years the U.S.export to China has grown.Last year while the U.S.export to the rest of the world grew at a rate of only two to three percent, U.S.export to China grew by 15 percent.And the first 10 months of this year U.S.export to China grew by 26 percent.We have to recognize the fact that in the trade relationship United States does run a quite significant deficit with China.I had a very good discussion with President Bush.The two of us did not get bogged down on the small details, so precisely as described by the famous poem in China, was the ascent to the top of the Mountain Tai, where the other peaks are simply dwarfed.I proposed to President Bush five principles on further expansion of our economic cooperation in trade.And the first principle is mutual benefits and a win-win situation.We need to think broadly.Each side must take into account the interests of the other side.Second, we need to find a solution to the trade imbalance problem through the expansion of trade.To cut back China's export to the U.S.market is not a good solution.The better solution is for U.S.to increase its export to China.

第五篇：傅自应副部长在第四届联合国最不发达国家大会一般性辩论会上的讲话

傅自应副部长在第四届联合国最不发达国家大会一般性辩论会上的讲话

Statement by Fu Ziying, Vice Minister of Commerce of China, at the General Debate of the Fourth United Nations Conference on the Least Developed Countries

尊敬的土耳其总统居尔阁下，尊敬的联合国秘书长潘基文阁下，尊敬的的联合国副秘书长迪亚拉阁下，主席先生、女士们、先生们、朋友们：

Your Excellency President Gül of the Republic of Turkey, Your Excellency UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon，Your Excellency UN Under-Secretary-General Cheick Sidi Diarra, Mr.Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear Friends，我非常高兴来到美丽的伊斯坦布尔，出席在这里召开的第四届联合国最不发达国家大会。首先，我谨代表中国政府对居尔总统和土耳其政府为会议所作的大量筹备工作和周到安排表示衷心感谢。

It gives me much pleasure to attend the Fourth United Nations Conference on the Least Developed Countries(LDCs)in the beautiful city of Istanbul.Let me begin by expressing sincere thanks on behalf of the Chinese government to President Gül and the Turkish government for your tremendous efforts in organizing and carefully arranging this conference.十年前，各国首脑齐聚布鲁塞尔，通过了《布鲁塞尔行动纲领》，对最不发达国家未来十年的发展做出了庄严的政治承诺，为国际社会帮助最不发达国家摆脱贫困、实现发展制定了时间表和路线图。十年来，最不发达国家为此进行了不懈努力，使经济建设和社会发展不断改善。然而，由于最不发达国家长期以来基础差，能力弱，其内在的脆弱性没有得到根本改变，特别是全球金融危机后，他们面临的挑战有增无减，全面实现《布鲁塞尔行动纲领》目标的前景不容乐观。因此，最不发达国家需要做出新的努力，国际社会需要给予更大的支持。

A decade ago, leaders around the world gathered in Brussels and adopted the Brussels Program of Action(BPoA).It is a solemn political commitment to the development of LDCs for the following decade, as well as a timetable and roadmap for international community to help LDCs reduce poverty and achieve development.To this end, LDCs have been making unremitting efforts in the past ten years and scored much improvement in economic and social development.However, as protracted issues such as weak basis, limited capacity and internal vulnerabilities remain fundamentally unchanged and, in particular, the international financial crisis brought growing challenges in LDCs.LDCs should make further efforts and the international community should give more support.1 作为国际社会大家庭的重要成员，最不发达国家的发展关系到世界的和平与稳定，帮助最不发达国家摆脱贫困，实现全面发展，是实现世界持久繁荣的必要保障，也是国际社会义不容辞的责任和义务。国际社会应更加理解他们的实际困难，充分尊重他们的自主选择，认真倾听他们的合理诉求，用实际行动满足他们的迫切愿望。为此，国际社会、特别是发达国家，应继续加大对最不发达国家的资金和技术支持，进一步开放市场，减免债务，切实兑现其已做出的官方发展援助承诺；国际金融机构和多边发展机构应把资金优先用于帮助最不发达国家。

LDCs are important members of the international community, and their development is vital to world peace and stability.It is essential to help them eliminate poverty and achieve all-round development if we are to achieve enduring prosperity in the world.Moreover, it is the unshirkable responsibility and obligation of the international community.The international community should better appreciate the practical difficulties of LDCs, fully respect their independent choices, listen attentively to their reasonable aspirations, and meet their urgent wishes with concrete actions.To this end, the international community, particularly developed countries, should step up financial and technological support to LDCs, further open their markets, reduce and exempt debts, and take concrete steps to meet their committed targets for official development assistance.International financial institutions and multilateral development agencies should give priority to financing projects in LDCs.两周前，中国政府发布了《中国的对外援助》白皮书，全面阐述了中国对外援助的政策主张。在过去的60年中，特别是近10年以来，中国政府在力所能及的范围内，本着平等互利、共同发展的原则，通过援建项目、提供物资、技术合作、人力资源开发等多种形式对最不发达国家进行援助。中国政府在中非合作论坛、千年发展目标高级别会议等场合，重申了支持其他发展中国家，特别是最不发达国家实现自主发展的坚定立场，宣布了多项旨在帮助最不发达国家发展的援助举措。中国用自己的实际行动承担了相应的国际义务，推动了《布鲁塞尔行动纲领》的实施。

Two weeks ago, the Chinese government issued a white paper entitled China’s Foreign Aid, giving a comprehensive picture of China’s policies and positions on this issue.In the past 60 years, particularly the past decade, China has followed the principle of equality, mutual benefit and common development and done as much as it could in providing aid to LDCs through project assistance, provision of materials, technological cooperation and human resources development, etc.The Chinese government reiterated its firm position and announced a host of measures to help other developing countries, particularly LDCs, achieve independent development on such occasions as the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation and the High-level Plenary Meeting of UN Millennium Development Goals.China has taken concrete steps to fulfill its international obligations, and contribute to the implementation of BPoA.2 充分尊重最不发达的国情和发展愿望，向他们提供不附带任何政治条件的援助。长期以来，中国一直将最不发达国家作为援助重点。2009年，中国对最不发达国家的援助占当年对外援助总额的40%，2010年更是超过50%。60年来，中国政府在力所能及的范围内，从最不发达国家的实际需要出发，在双方充分协商的基础上，先后向46个最不发达国家提供了经济和技术援助，援建了近1000个各类项目，涉及工业、农业、文教、卫生、通讯、电力、能源、交通以及社会公共设施等各个领域。

We fully respect LDC’s national conditions and aspiration for development, and provide them with assistance without political strings attached.LDCs have become China’s priority in providing foreign aid over the years.The share of China’s aid to LDCs in its total foreign aid stood at 40% in 2009 and exceeded 50% in 2010.Over the past 60 years, in accordance with the actual needs of LDCs and based on in-depth consultations, the Chinese government has, within its capacity, provided economic and technical assistance to 46 LDCs, covering nearly 1,000 various projects in sectors like industry, agriculture, culture and education, public health, communications, electricity, energy, transportation and public utilities.中国还向国际货币基金组织增资500亿美元，明确要求将资金优先用于最不发达国家。此外，中国自1963年派出首支医疗队以来，从未间断向非洲、亚洲、拉丁美洲等地区派出医疗队，累计派出2.1万人次，诊治患者约2.6亿人次。

China also contributed an additional USD 50 billion to the IMF, with an explicit request that the fund should be used, first and foremost, to help LDCs.Moreover, China has consistently sent medical teams to Africa, Asia and Latin America since it dispatched the first medical team in 1963.By now it has sent 21,000 person times and treated about 260 million person times of patients.目前，有60支援外医疗队在57个国家工作，共有约1324名医疗队员，其中三分之二的援外医疗队驻在国是最不发达国家。随着医疗队的派出，中国每年还向受援国赠送部分药品和医疗器械，为提高当地医疗卫生水平、保障受援国人民健康发挥了重要作用。这些援助，受到了受援国老百姓的欢迎和认同，促进了当地的经济和社会的发展。

Currently 60 Chinese medical teams consisting of 1,300 people are working in 57 countries, two thirds of which are LDCs.China also donates medicine and medical equipment to recipient countries every year, which is very important for improving medical level and guaranteeing the health of the people in recipient countries.The assistance efforts have been well received and recognized by local communities, and have promoted their economic and social development.减免债务，减轻负担，促进受援国的可持续发展。自2000年以来，中国政府先后6次宣布减免所有与中国有外交关系的最不发达国家和重债贫穷国对华到期无息贷款债务。截止2010年底，中方已与非洲、亚洲、拉美地区和太平洋等地区的50个国家签署了免债议定书，3 免除到期债务423笔，其中免除44个最不发达国家共计238亿元人民币的债务。上述举措缓解了他们的财政压力，加速了他们减贫的进程。

We have reduced and canceled debts to lighten the burden of recipient countries and promote their sustainable development.Since 2000, the Chinese government has announced six debt reductions or exemptions for matured interest-free loans owed by LDCs and heavily indebted poor countries(HIPCs)that have diplomatic relations with China.By the end of 2010, China had signed debt relief protocols with 50 countries in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the Pacific region, according to which 423 matured debts were canceled, including RMB 23.8 billion of debts owed by 44 LDCs.Those measures have mitigated the financial pressure and accelerated the poverty alleviation process of related countries.第三，开放市场，扩大进口，提高最不发达国家的贸易能力。2005年9月，胡锦涛主席在联合国成立60周年峰会上宣布将给予所有同中国建交的最不发达国家部分商品零关税待遇，优惠范围将包括这些国家的多数对华出口商品。2008年9月，温家宝总理在联合国千年发展目标高级别会议上宣布将给予有关最不发达国家95%的产品零关税待遇。2010年又再次重申将继续落实这一承诺。目前，中国已对有关最不发达国家的多数对华出口商品实施了零关税。这些措施实实在在地帮助了受援国产品对中国的出口，带动了当地的产业发展。

Third, we have opened up market, increased imports and helped enhance LDCs’ trade capacity.In September 2005, President Hu Jintao announced at the UN 60th Anniversary Summit that China would offer zero-tariff treatment to certain exports from LDCs having diplomatic ties with China.Most of exports from those countries to China are covered by this program.In September 2008, Premier Wen Jiabao announced at the UN High-Level Plenary Meeting on the Millennium Development Goals that China will apply zero tariffs on 95% of exports from LDCs.This commitment was reaffirmed in 2010.Now, China has provided zero-tariff treatment to most imported goods from relevant LDCs.These measures have substantially helped recipient countries expand export to China and develop local industries.第四，增加投资，推动就业，促进最不发达国家经济内生增长。中国政府积极支持中国企业按照平等、互惠、共赢的原则开展多种形式的对外经贸合作。目前，中国已在埃塞俄比亚、赞比亚和柬埔寨等国与当地政府合作建设境外经贸合作区，对促进当地投资、增加税收和解决就业产生显著的效果。

第五，培养人才，提升能力，为最不发达国家培育植根基层的本土专家。自上世纪80年代中国开展大规模援外培训以来，中国已累计为最不发达国家培训各类官员和技术人员2.6万多名。领域涵盖农林牧渔、教育、医疗卫生、经贸、外交、金融、传媒、能源、环保、基础设施、公共管理、信息技术等多个领域。中国还十分重视推进与最不发达国家的人文交流，不断增加向最不发达国家提供的中国政府奖学金名额。

主席先生，今年是中国“十二·五”规划的开局之年，我们将坚持科学发展观，坚持改革开放，继续走和平、发展、合作的道路。作为发展中国家，中国自身还面临不少困难和挑战，但我们不会忘记肩负的国际责任和义务，更不会忽视与我们有相似经历的最不发达国家的发展诉求。未来几年，中国政府将信守承诺，更大程度地参与南南合作，通过各种渠道和方式提供力所能及的帮助，逐步增加对最不发达国家的援助：

一是对外援助重点进一步向最不发达国家倾斜。

二是加强在农业发展领域的合作，增加对最不发达国家农业和粮食安全的援助力度，在有需求的最不发达国家援建农业技术示范中心，派遣农业专家和技术人员，增加在农业技术方面的人员培训。

三是在最不发达国家更多开展医院、学校、生活用水、清洁能源等民生项目的合作。

四是着力增强最不发达国家自主发展能力，加大人力资源培训力度。今后5年，中国将为包括广大最不发达国家在内的发展中国家培训8万名各类专业人员。

五是加快实施降低最不发达国家关税进程，减免最不发达国家债务，进一步支持最不发达国家的经济贸易发展。支持在世贸组织多哈回合谈判中就“免关税和免配额”等最不发达国家重点关注的议题达成早期收获。

六是继续推进中国企业在最不发达国家建设经贸合作区，通过建设合作区，促进最不发达国家经济发展，达到互利共赢目的。

主席先生，本次会议将为最不发达国家未来十年描绘新的蓝图。中国有句谚语，叫做“众人拾柴火焰高”。我相信，在国际社会的共同努力下，最不发达国家一定会走上国家富强、社会和谐、人民幸福的道路，我们一定能够建设一个持久和平、共同繁荣的世界。

Istanbul, Turkey, 12 May 2011

Fourth, we have expanded investment to create more jobs and promote the endogenous growth in the LDCs.The Chinese government has been supporting Chinese companies to carry out international trade and economic cooperation in diversified forms based on the principle of equality, mutual benefit and win-win.At present, China has worked with the governments in countries like Ethiopia, Zambia and Cambodia in constructing overseas trade and economic zones, which have effectively promoted investment, increased tax revenue and created job there.Fifth, we have helped to train local talents through capacity building, enabling local experts to better serve local communities in LDCs.Since China launched a large-scale foreign aid training program in 1980s, it has trained over 26,000 officials and technical personnel for LDCs in the fields of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, education, health care, commerce and trade, diplomacy, finance, media, energy, the environmental protection, infrastructure, public administration and other areas.China has also been committed to advancing the people-to-people exchanges and has been steadily increasing the number of government-sponsored scholarship to LDCs.Mr.Chairman，This year marks the beginning of China’s 12th Five-year Plan period.Adhering to the scientific outlook on development, we will stay committed to reform and opening up and keep to the path of peace, development and cooperation.As a developing country, China still faces many difficulties and challenges.However, we will never lose sight of our international responsibilities and obligations.Still less will we overlook the development aspirations of LDCs with which we share similar experiences.In the years to come, the Chinese government will honor its commitments and engage in South-South cooperation in a more substantial way.Through various channels and means, we will provide assistance to the best of our capacity and gradually increase our aid to LDCs: First, we will tilt our foreign aid in favor of LDCs.Second, we will strengthen cooperation in agricultural development and our assistance to LDCs in agriculture and food security.Depending on the needs of LDCs, we will help set up agricultural technical demonstration centers, send agricultural experts and technical personnel and step up agricultural technical personnel training.Third, we will strengthen cooperation with LDCs in projects vital to people’s livelihood such as hospitals, schools, domestic water and clean energy.Fourth, we will boost LDCs’ capacity of independent development by enhancing human resources training.In the coming five years, China will train 80,000 personnel in various fields for other developing countries including LDCs.Fifth, we will expedite implementation of the program to lower tariff rates for LDCs, write off debts of LDCs and lend further support to LDCs’ economic and trade growth.In the WTO Doha Round Negotiation, we support an early harvest on duty-free, quota-free and other issues that LDCs are particularly concerned about.Sixth, we will continue to encourage Chinese companies to set up economic and trade zones in LDCs so as to promote local economic growth for mutual benefit and win-win.Mr.Chairman，The Istanbul conference will produce a new blueprint for the next decade of the LDCs.As the saying goes, many hands make light work.I believe, with the joint efforts of the international community, the LDCs are sure to find their way to wealth, harmony and wellbeing as we build a world of lasting peace and common prosperity.Thank you, Mr.Chairman.7

谢谢主席先生。

刘结一部长助理在联合国亚太经社会第65届会议一般性辩论中的发言

第一篇：刘结一部长助理在联合国亚太经社会第65届会议一般性辩论中的发言

第二篇：爱沙尼亚总统在联大一般性辩论人权发言

第三篇：中国代表团团长康勇参赞在2010年联合国裁军审议委员会一般性辩论中的发言

第四篇：温家宝在第63届联合国大会一般性辩论上的发言

第五篇：傅自应副部长在第四届联合国最不发达国家大会一般性辩论会上的讲话

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