翻译作业

第一篇：翻译作业

三、英汉互译练习

（二）（Homework）在“非洲文化官员代表团”岳阳欢迎仪式上的致辞 岳阳市人民政府副市长 隋国庆 2010-10-20 尊敬的各位领导、各位来宾，女士们、先生们：

金秋十月，丹桂飘香。非常高兴能在美丽的洞庭湖畔岳阳楼下，迎接来自非洲国家的文化界友人和文化部、省文化厅的领导。相隔千万里，我们相聚在一起，这是中华文化的魅力，岳阳历史文化的魅力。为此，我谨代表530多万岳阳人民，对各位的光临表示热烈的欢迎和诚挚的敬意。

五千年文明历史，千万里锦绣河山，是中华民族的骄傲与自然造化的垂青。岳阳地处湘北门户，襟带万里长江，怀抱浩瀚洞庭，自古就是商贾云集之地、文人兴会之地。先后被国家批准为沿江对外开放城市、国家历史文化名城、中国优秀旅游城市、国家卫生城市和国家园林城市。岳阳楼闻名中外，君山岛风光绮丽，汨罗江文化久远，秀美的山水与深厚的湖湘文化交相辉映，使岳阳成为洞庭湖畔一颗璀璨的明珠。今天，来自非洲大陆的文化界朋友，会聚岳阳，感受湖湘文化，必将共同架构起中非文化交流的桥梁，并在此基础上开展更广泛多层次的交流与合作。面对未来，让我们携起手来，在扩大共识、互惠互利的基础上，为全人类的幸福美好生活而共同努力。

最后，祝各位朋友身体健康！祝“非洲文化官员代表团”考察活动取得圆满成功！Speech for Welcoming the African Cultural Delegation to Yueyang Sui Guoqing Oct.21, 2010 Honorable leaders, guests, ladies and gentlemen: In the golden October, the harvest season with beautiful scenes, I am very glad to greet the distinguished guests from African Cultural Circle, China’s Ministry of Culture and Hunan Provincial Department of Culture at Yueyang Tower on the beautiful Dongting Lake.Although we are far apart, now we have gathered here for the charm of our China’s culture and the charm of the history and culture of Yueyang.Hereby, on behalf of 5.3 million Yueyang citizens, I would like to extend my warm welcome and sincere respect.We are very proud of the 5,000 years civilized history, vast rivers and beautiful mountains.Yueyang is located in the north of Hunan Province.It is well-known as “the Door of Northern Hunan”.It is close to the Yangtze River and embraces Dongting Lake.In the ancient times, Yueyang was always a gathering place for writers and scholars, and a bustling market for merchants.It has been listed successively as one of the first opening cities along the Yangtze River, national cultural and historical city, national tourism city, national sanitary city and national garden city.Yueyang Tower is very famous at home and abroad, Junshan Islet is famous for its beautiful scenery and so is the Miluo River for its profound culture.The beautiful natural scenery echoes with the profound cultural heritage, making Yueyang become a shining pearl on Dongting Lake.Today, friends from African cultural circle come to Yueyang and experience the Huxiang Culture.It will build a bridge between China and Africa, and develop more extensive exchanges and co-operation.On the basis of promoting consensus and mutual benefits, let’s join our hands for the happiness of mankind in the future.To conclude, I hope that everybody will have good health, and wish African Cultural Delegation’s visiting successful!

总 经 理 致 辞

尊敬的宾客：

感谢您选择南湖宾馆，我谨代表全体员工热忱欢迎您的光临！并祝您旅居愉快！

南湖宾馆座落在素有“东方日内瓦”之称的南湖西岸，是一座新型的园林式绿色生态宾馆，是接待与经营型四星级旅游饭店。三面环水，岛国风情。青山绿水与别墅裙楼相依相伴，都市繁华与田园风光相融相合，诗情画意，如临仙境。凭窗远眺，云霞与沙鸥齐飞，碧水共长天一色，湖风习习扑面，小鸟啾啾啼鸣，让您在喧嚣的城市中，找回大自然那份少有的恬静与惬意，您完全可以体会到人与自然的完美统一。无论早晚，不管它静静染红天际的是朝霞还是落日，不管它悄悄涌入窗棂的是花香还是书香，请您放松心弦，尽情享受它的甜美，无论春秋，无论冬夏，“南湖”都是您舒适而温馨的家。

能为您提供优质周到的服务是我们的荣幸。如有需要效劳的地方，欢迎您致电本人或大堂副理（分机电话：8868）！

总经理 xxx

谨

承

上周翻译练习参考译文 职业习惯笑话

（一）妻子和丈夫一起回家，妻子一进门就把门关上。丈夫一边敲门一边喊：“开门，开门，我还没进去，真是的！”做公共汽车售票员的妻子说：“吵啥吵？坐下一趟吧！”

Jokes About Occupational Habits(1)

A woman was coming back home with her husband.The moment she was inside, the wife, a bus conductor, quickly shut the door.Banging at the door, the man shouted,“Open up!Open up!I‟m still outside.Really, you…”

“Don‟t make such a row!Take the next bus!”

职业习惯笑话

（二）某局张局长突然接到加急电报。

电文是：母亲去世，父亲病危，望速归。阅毕，张局长痛不欲生，边哭边在电报回单上签字。邮递员接过回单一看，竟是“同意”二字。

Jokes About Occupational Habits(2)

Bureau Chief Zhang suddenly received an extra-urgent telegram: mother dead father ill come back quickly.After reading the message, Zhang was beside himself with grief.Tears streaming down his face, the chief signed the receipt.The postman took it over and saw that there was only one word“Approved”.职业习惯笑话

（三）一个游客乘出租车出游。半路上他拍拍司机的肩膀，想问一件事，没想到吓得司机“哇哇”乱叫。

“啊，对不起，没想到会吓着你。“他抱歉道。

“没关系，小小误会。”司机道，“我今天刚开出租车，过去我一直是开灵柩车的。”

Jokes About Occupational Habits(3)

A traveler was sightseeing in a taxi.On the way he patted the driver on the shoulder to make some inquiry.Unexpectedly, the latter started to scream.“Oh, sorry, I didn‟t know I might scare you,” the passenger said apologetically.“It‟s all right.A small misunderstanding,” the driver responded.“This is my first day of driving a taxi.I used to drive a hearse.”

本周翻译练习内容：

„Frank Brown has made it.‟

Frank Brown Dear Editor, After graduation from Searcy High School in 1976 as valedictorian, I began my undergraduate training at Harding College.Lacking the financial resources, I worked three jobs and commuted to college from my parents, home northwest of Searcy.We did not have a telephone at that time and had just recently gotten running water into the house from the well nearby.My car was an old two hundred dollar Cutlass that I would repair to keep the needed transportation;travel during the winter was often with chains on the icy roads.February 1977 was remarkable for the icy weather near and around Searcy.I would often spend nights sleeping in the Science building at Harding College because I could not afford any other place to lodge and the drive to my home was often too dangerous due to the weather conditions or the impassable mud roads.The struggle to keep up with my education, to work, and to find a place to sleep was never burdensome.My father had never learned to read nor write but he worked to give his children that one chance to succeed through a good education;I was not going to let my parents down after the sacrifices that they had made over the years.There was a day in February 1977 that the local radio told of a large approaching ice storm that would put even more ice on the roads than was already present.A decision had to be made for me to miss many classes or try to drive into Searcy and find a place to stay.I had my old cutlass, ten dollars and a set of chains.Of course, my parents were worried that I would be driving the icy roads and going down Four-Mile Hill.They were also aware that I could not call them as there was no telephone at our home.My mother asked me that once I made it to Searcy, to stop by the radio station and ask Pat Shourd to have an announcement made over the radio that I had made it safely to Searcy.I do not remember much about that two hour drive to Searcy but I do remember stopping at the radio station and timidly asking mother‟s friend to perform this request.She told me that she would do her best and I left.As I started my car towards Harding College listening to the radio, I heard the announcement while driving down Race Street , “Frank Brown has made it.”

Before I made it to the Science building at Harding, I had heard the announcement three times.How many times it was repeated, I never knew, but I did know that my parents slept better that night knowing that the Searcy community had taken care of me.That night, I slept on an old couch at the back of the science building but I did not mind for I never missed a single class.I stayed in Searcy for the next few weeks till the ice melted and the dirt roads were travelable again.There is much that I do not recall from the winter of 1977 but this story has always filled my heart with joy;I have always been impressed by how a few people can make a difference in the lives of others.Thirty years have now passed but I still give thanks to all of those people around Searcy for so much assistance during an icy winter in 1977.湖南理工学院是一所省属普通本科高校，座落在国家历史文化名城岳阳市，校园三面环湖，山水相映，自然环境优势明显，历史文化底蕴深厚。

学院历史可追溯到1906年美国人创办的湖滨大学，是当时外国人在湖南创办的最早的三所大学之一。新中国成立后，学校历经变迁。经教育部批准，1999年3月，当时的岳阳大学、岳阳师范高等专科学校和岳阳教育学院合并为岳阳师范学院。2003年2月更名为湖南理工学院。2006年11月，高标准通过教育部本科教学工作水平评估，评定等级为良好。

学院在长期的办学过程中，自强不息，艰苦奋斗，与时俱进，敢于创新，取得了显著的办学成果，积淀了优良的办学传统。几代学院人传承湖湘文化精髓与先进文化思想，践行“至善穷理”校训和“三个为本”办学理念，坚持实施“严格要求，严格管理”的治校方略，逐步形成了“严谨、和谐、求实、创新”的优良校风。

上周翻译练习讲解

Fall came on with a softness, so that Brian didn‟t realize what was in store—a hard-spined north woods winter—until it was near too late.He had never thought he would be here this long.After the plane crash that marooned him in the wilderness he had lived day by day for fifty-four days, until he had found the survival pack in the plane.Then another thirty-five days through the northern summer, somehow living the same day-to-day pattern he had started just after the crash.The side of the shelter was still far from airtight but about this Brian knew exactly what to do.He had spent one whole day watching a family of beaver mix mud and stick to make a watertight dam.He spent three hours bringing up double armfuls of fresh mud from the lake to pack into the low wall with sticks and leaves.When he was done he covered it with another layer of brush to protect the mud and when it dried by nightfall he had a truly weathertight shelter.He still had to seal the door but that night he sat with a fire warming the inside of his home and knew that as long as he had wood—and he was living in the middle of a forest—he would stay warm no matter what kind of weather came.He slept so soundly that the bear could have come in again and torn the place apart and he would not have known it.译文一

秋天，悄无声息地来了，但布莱恩却没有意识到这一点，还有自己即将面对的北方针叶林的冬天。等他有所感觉时，差点儿就来不及了。

他从没有想过自己会在这儿待这么久。飞机的坠落把他抛弃在这荒野丛林中，他度日如年地挨过了54天，才在飞机上找到了救生包。接下来，在不知不觉中又有35个北方夏日溜走了。而他呢，只能这样日复一日，得过且过着。

棚屋的侧面，还远远没有厚实到密不透风的程度，但是对付这个，布莱恩很清楚应该怎么做。他曾经花了整整一个白天的时间观察河狸将泥和树枝混合制成了不透水的水坝，于是他花了三个钟头从湖边运来新鲜的泥土，混合了树枝和树叶，塞进矮墙中。砌完墙后，他又覆上另外一层灌木，来保护泥土。黄昏前，泥土风干了，他便有了一个真正能放风挡雨的棚屋了。他还需要封上门。不过那天晚上，他坐在火堆旁，整个小屋暖融融的，他知道只要他有木柴——况且他又住在森林里，不会缺少木柴的——无论遇到多么糟糕的天气，他都能扛得住。他睡得如此香甜，以至于就是熊再度光临，将这个地方扯个稀烂，他也不会有所感觉的。

译文二

秋天，悄悄来临。布莱恩即将在北方针叶林地度过冬天，而他还有意识到储存了什么食物。等他有所察觉时，差点儿就来不及了。

他从未想过自己会困在这里那么久。飞机把他摔落在这荒野丛林中，在他找到救生包前，他艰难地度过了54天。接下来，又有35个北方夏日在不知不觉中溜走了。而他呢，还是跟在飞机失事后一样过着日复一日的生活。棚屋的侧面，还远远没有厚实到密不透风的程度，但是对付这个，布莱恩很清楚应该怎么做。他曾经花了整整一个白天的时间观察河狸将泥和树枝混合制成了不透水的水坝，于是他花了三个钟头从湖边运来新鲜的泥土，混合了树枝和树叶，塞进矮墙中。砌完墙后，他又覆上另外一层灌木，来保护泥土。黄昏前，泥土风干了，他便有了一个真正能放风挡雨的棚屋了。他还需要封上门。不过那天晚上，他坐在火堆旁，整个小屋暖融融的，他知道只要有木柴——他现在住在森林里，不会缺少木柴的——无论遇到多么糟糕的天气，他都能顶得住。他睡得十分香甜，即使熊再度光顾，将这个地方扯个稀巴烂，他也不会知道的。

本周翻译练习

黔驴技穷

黔无驴，有好事者船载以入。至，则无可用，放之山下。虎见之，庞然大物也，以为神。蔽林间窥之。稍出近之，慭慭然，莫相知。他日，驴一鸣，虎大骇，远遁；以为且噬己也，甚恐。然往来视之，觉无异能者；益习其声，又近出前后，终不敢搏。稍近，益狎，荡倚冲冒。驴不胜怒，蹄之。虎因喜。计之曰：“技止此耳!”因跳踉大，断其喉，尽其肉，乃去。

When the Guizhou Donkey Has Exhausted Its Tricks

There were no donkeys in Guizhou until someone officious took one there by boat;but finding no use for it he set it loose in the hills.A tiger who saw this monstrous looking beast thought it must be divine.It first surveyed the donkey from under cover, then ventured a little nearer, still keeping a respectful distance however.One day the donkey brayed.The tigher took fright and fled for fear of being bitten, in utter terror.But it came back for another look, and decided this creature was not so formidable after all.Then growing used to the braying it drew nearer, though it still dared not to attack.Coming nearer still, it began to take liberties, shoving, jostling, and charging roughly, till the donkey lost its temper and kicked out.“So that‟s all it can do!” thought the tiger jubilantly.Then it leapt on the donkey and sank its teeth into it, severing its throat and devouring it before going on its way.师说——韩愈

古之学者必有师。师者，所以传道受业解惑也。人非生而知之者，孰能

无惑？惑而不从师，其为惑也，终不解矣。

生乎吾前，其闻道也，固先乎吾，吾从而师之；生乎吾后，其闻道也，亦先乎吾，吾从而师之。吾师道也，夫庸知其年之先后生于吾乎？是故无贵无贱，无长无少，道之所存，师之所存也。

嗟乎！师道之不传也久矣，欲人之无惑也难矣。古之圣人，其出人也远矣，犹且从师而问焉；今之众人，其下圣人也亦远矣，而耻学于师。是故圣益圣，愚益愚。圣人之所以为圣，愚人之所以为愚，其皆出于此乎？

爱其子，择师而教之；于其身也，则耻师焉，惑矣。彼童子之师，授之书而习其句读者，非吾所谓传其道、解其惑者也。句读之不知，惑之不解，或师焉，或不焉，小学而大遗，吾未见其明也。

巫医、乐师、百工之人，不耻相师。士大夫之族，曰“师”曰“弟子”云者，则群聚而笑之。问之，则曰：彼与彼年相若也，道相似也，位卑则足羞，官盛则近谀。呜呼！师道之不复，可知矣。巫医、乐师、百工之人，君子不齿，今其智乃反不能及，其可怪也欤！

圣人无常师。孔子师郯子、苌弘、师襄、老聃。郯子之徒，其贤不及孔子。孔子曰“三人行，则必有我师。”是故弟子不必不如师，师不必贤于弟子。闻道有先后，术业有专攻，如是而已。

李氏子蟠，年十七，好古文，六艺经传皆通习之，不拘于时，学于余。余嘉其能行古道，作《师说》以贻之。

窗

钱钟书 文 申雨平译

原文

又是春天，窗子可以常开了。春天从窗外进来，人在屋子里坐不住，就从门里出去。不过屋子外的春天太贱了！到处是阳光，不像射破屋里阴深的那样明亮；到处是给太阳晒得懒洋洋的风，不像搅动屋里沉闷的那样有生气。就是鸟语，也似乎琐碎而单薄，需要屋里的寂静来做衬托。我们因此明白，春天是该镶嵌在窗子里看的，好比画配了框子。

同时，我们悟到，门和窗有不同的意义。当然，门是造了让人出进的。但是，窗子有时也可作为进出口用，譬如小偷或小说里私约的情人就喜欢爬窗子。所以窗子和门的根本分别，决不仅是没有人进来出去。若据赏春一事来看，我们不妨这样说：有了门，我们可以出去；有了窗，我们可以不必出去。窗子打通了人和大自然的隔膜，把风和太阳逗引进来，使屋子里也关着一部分春天，让我们安坐了享受，无须再到外面去找。

Random Thoughts on the Window(Excerpt)

It is spring again and the window can be left open as often as one would like.As spring comes in through the windows, so people—unable to bear staying inside any longer—go outdoors.The spring outside, however, is much too cheap, for the sun shines on everything, and so does not seem as bright as that which shoots into the darkness of the house.Outside the sun-slothed breeze blows everywhere, but it is not so lively as that which stirs the gloominess inside the house.Even the chirping of the birds sounds so thin and broken that the quietness of the house is needed to set it off.It seems that spring was always meant to be put behind a windowpane for show, just like a picture in a frame.At the same time it also becomes clear that the door has a different significance from the window.Of course, doors were made for people to pass through;but a window can also sometimes serve as an entrance or as an exit, and is used as such by thieves and by lovers in novels.In fact the fundamental difference between a door and a window has nothing to do with them being either entrances or exits.When it comes to the admiration of spring, it could be put this way: a door makes it possible for one to go out, whereas a window makes it possible for one not to have to.A window helps to pull down the partition between man and nature.It leads breezes and sunlight in, and keeps part of the spring in the house.It allows one to sit and enjoy the spring in peace, and makes it unnecessary to go looking for it outside

本周的翻译练习

特别的东西不要珍藏

多年前我跟悉尼的一位同学谈话。那时他 太太刚去世不久，他告诉我说，他在整理他太太的东西的时候，发现了一条丝质的围巾，那是它们去纽约旅游时，在一家名牌店买的，那是一条雅致、漂亮的名牌围巾，高昂的价格卷标还挂在上面，他太太一直舍不得用，她想等一个特殊的日子才用。

讲到这里，他停住了。我也没接话，好一会后他说：“再也不要把好东西留到特别的日子才用，你活着的每一天都是特别的日子！”

以后，每当我想到这几句话时，我常会把手边的杂事放下，找一本小说，打开音响，躺在沙发上，抓住一些自己的时间。我会从落地窗欣赏淡水河的景色，不去管玻璃上的灰尘，我会拉着太太到外面去吃饭，不管家里的菜饭该怎么处理。生活应当是我们珍惜的一种经验，而不是要捱过去的日子。

我曾经将这段话与一位女士分享，后来见面时，她告诉我她现在已不像从前那样，把美丽的瓷器放在酒柜里了。以前她也以为要留待特别的日子才拿出来用，后来发现那一天从未到来。“将来”、“总有一天”已经不存在于她的字典里了。如果有什么值得高兴的事，有什么得意的事，她现在就要听到，就要看到。

我们常想跟老朋友聚一聚，但总是说“找机会”。我们常想拥抱一下已经长大的小孩，但总是等适当的时机。我们常想写封信给另外一半，表达一下浓郁的情意，或甚至想让他指导你很佩服他，但总是告诉自己不急。其实每天早上我们睁开眼睛时，都要告诉自己这是特别的一天。每一天，每一分钟都是那么可贵。

第二篇：翻译作业

1.Truth is tough．It will not break，like a bubble，at a touch；you kick it about all day like a football，and it will be round and full at evening．

2.Knowledge is a comfortable and necessary retreat and shelter for us in an advanced age；and if we do not plant it while young．it will give us no shade when We grow old．

3.Gathering facts，confirming them，suggesting theories，testing them，and organizing findings——this is all work of science．

4.Her dark hair waved untidy across her broad forehead，her face was short，her upper lip short，showing a glint of teeth，her brows were straight and dark，her lashes long and dark，her nose straight．

5.发达国家有四大优势：

一、先进的技术；

二、先进的管理经验；

三、资金雄厚；

四、人才丰富。

6.我们非常感谢你们的盛情款待，感谢你们在业务洽谈中给予的密切合作。

7.他把一生贡献给了教育事业。

．

8.该地区出现粮食紧缺的现象。

第三篇：翻译作业

公司简介

ABC货物运输代理有限公司成立于2000年1月。ABC货运凭借香港同仁与世界各大航空公司,船公司的长期良好合作及世界各地办事处和代理的全力配合下，提供极具竞争力的国际空运、国际海运、多式联运、包机、租船、进口、大型工程项目、展览品及私人行李运输代理服务。

ABC货运业务始于中东非洲线空运，经过近十年的努力，公司整合香港，广州，深圳，澳门四大机场的优势，配合拖车接驳，空运网络覆盖中东、非洲、南美、澳洲、欧洲、东南亚等世界各大国际机场；与CX，EK，EY，SV，QR，UL，GA，TK，ET，BA，AM,CA,CZ等航空公司签有代理协议，部分航班我司拥有独家固定仓位。

ABC货运在立足空运市场的同时，不忘对海运渠道的开发，目前我们与COSCO,MAERSK,APL,UASC,EVERGREEN,PIL,YML，等世界各大船公司保持密切的合作，中东、非洲、南美线优势明显。ABC货运成立之初就制定了“以人为本”，巩固核心业务，持续完善网络和产业链布局，扩大业务规模，加大信息化建设投入的发展战略，立志打造“诚信、高效、经济、安全”的服务团队，以“货主至上，服务第一”为宗旨，与各界新老客户共存共荣，共同发展。

公司的愿景：员工得发展，把公司建设成为国内货代行业诚信楷模，国际具有竞争力的现代综合物流服务商。

我们的优势及个性化，差异化产品服务：

*国际空运（DUBAI，RIYADH，JEDDAH，LAGOS等固定大仓位），国际海运 *文件,单证制作及大使馆加签

*专人服务；组建一对一团队服务

*仓库称重量，量体积配载服务

*重新包装服务

*货物后加工服务（比如加印MADE IN CHINA）

*订做包装纸箱服务

*代付国内运费，代付小额货款

*为国外客户提供订单生产进度跟进服务

*邀请及国外客户来广州接待等商务服务

*外国客户在中国招工，请翻译服务

*协助外商在中国投资开公司服务

*商业信息服务

*驻厂24小时物流服务

*私人物品，行李运输，国际搬家服务

*大型工程项目物流

*国际会展，展览品物流

*通信及IT产品物流

*包机，租船业务

第四篇：翻译作业

1.孔子学院是中国在世界各地设立的推广汉语和传播中国文化的教育和文化交流机构。近年来，随着中国经济的腾飞和国际影响的提升，世界各地掀起了学习汉语的热潮，孔子学院的设立也顺应了这一潮流。孔子学院的宗旨是增进世界各国对中国语言文化的了解，加强中国与世界各国的教育文化交流合作，发展中外友好关系，促进多元文化发展，构建和谐世界。截至2013年年底，全球已建立440所孔子学院和646个孔子课堂，分布在120个国家和地区。孔子学院已成为中外文化交流的重要平台和加强中外友谊与合作的桥梁。

2.黄金周制度是国家用来鼓励大众在长假期间出行、旅游、消费的一种方式。1999年，中国政府颁布法律，将春节、“五一”“十一”的休息时间与前后的双休日拼接，形成7天的长假，从此出现黄金周。黄金周制度的出现，是在1997年东南亚金融危机的背景下，为了刺激消费，拉动国内经济，促进国内旅游而采取的举措。闲暇时间的增多，大大丰富了人们的生活内容。与此同时，百姓的消费能力也在不断提高，用于餐饮、购物、旅游、健身、娱乐等的消费与以前相比大幅度增加。黄金周最初设立的初衷是通过长假促进消费，拉动国民经济增长。不过，黄金周也带来一些问题，如交通拥堵和旅游景区负荷过大等。2008年，中国政府把7天的“五一”假期缩短为三天。

3.丝绸之路是公元前2世纪开始出现的一条联系中国和欧亚大陆的贸易通道。由于这条古老的商路最开始以丝绸贸易为主，故称丝绸之路。这条商路也是连接古代中华文明和其他欧亚国家文明的重要纽带。正是通过丝绸之路，中国古代的四大发明------造纸术、火药、指南针、印刷术——才得以传遍各地。中国的丝绸、茶叶和瓷器由此走向世界，欧洲也通过丝绸之路向中国出口各种商品，满足中国市场的需要。作为国际贸易的通道和文化交流的桥梁，丝绸之路有效地促进了东西方经济文化的交流，并对中西方贸易、社会经济发展乃至文明的进程都有着深远的影响。

4.中国的四大名著即《三国演义》、《水浒传》、《西游记》、《红楼梦》。四部小说是中国经典文学作品，也是中国古典小说的巅峰之作。《三国演义》是我国第一部长篇历史小说，描写了东汉末年和三国时代的历史风云。《水浒传》讲述了北宋末年农民起义的故事。《西游记》是一部神话题材小说，讲述唐僧师徒四人历尽艰险西天取经的故事。《红楼梦》则通过一个家族的兴衰生动地描写了18世纪上半叶中国封建社会的生活。四大名著中，《红楼梦》被认为是中国传统文化的百科全书，代表着中国古典小说的巅峰。四大名著都曾经过改编被搬上舞台或银幕。同时，四大名著被翻译成多种语言，成为西方人了解中国文化的重要渠道。

第五篇：翻译实习作业

《英语笔译实习》

题目：《Learning for Tomorrow》

《中国教育事业的发展》

姓名：

张恒

年级：

2011级

专业：

对外汉语专业

学号：

201119116

时间：２０１２年6月16－22日

Passage1 英译汉

Learning for Tomorrow

All education springs from some image of the future.If the image of the future held by a society is grossly inaccurate, its education system will betray its youth.Imagine an Indian tribe which for centuries has sailed dugouts on the river at its doorstep.During all this time, the economy and culture of the tribe have depended upon fishing, preparing and cooking the products of the river, growing food in soil fertilized by the river, building boats ad appropriate tools.So long as the rate of technological change in such a community stay slow, so long as no wars, invasions, epidemics or other natural disasters upset the even rhythm of life, it is simple for the tribe to formulate a workable image of its own future, since tomorrow merely repeats yesterday.It is from this image that education flows.Schools may not even exist in the tribe;yet there is a curriculum-a cluster of skills, values and rituals to be learned.Boys are taught to scrape bark and hollow out trees, just as their ancestors did before them.The teacher in such a system knows what he is doing, secure in the knowledge that tradition—the past—will work in the future.What happens to such a tribe, however, when it pursues its traditional methods unaware that five hundred miles upstream men are constructing a gigantic dam that will dry up their branch of the river? Suddenly, the tribe’s image of the future, the set of assumptions on which its members base their present behavior, becomes dangerously misleading.Tomorrow will not replicate today.The tribal investment in preparing its children to live in a river culture becomes a pointless and potentially tragic waste.A false image of the future destroys the relevance of the education effort.This is our situation today—only it is we, ironically, not some distant strangers—who are building the dam that will annihilate the culture of the present.Never before has any culture subjected itself to so intense and prolonged a bombardment of technological, social and info-psychological change.This change is accelerating and we witness everywhere in the high-technology societies evidence that the old industrial-era structures can no longer carry out their functions.译文

为未来而学习

所有的教育都来源于对未来的一些想象，倘若对未来的评估不准，则教育体制把青年引入歧途！想象一下有一个印第安纳部落几个世纪以来都在自己家门的河流上用独木舟航行，在这些时间里,部落的经济和文化依靠渔业而发展起来，他们准备和烹饪河流带给他们的事物，在土地肥沃的河边种植食物，制造船只和合适的工具。因为在这样一个部落里科技变革速度那么慢，所以只要没有战争，侵略，传染病或其他自然灾害扰乱他们生活的节奏，我们就很容易勾画切合现实的未来，因为他们的明天只是重复着昨天而已。

如果教育的流程也是按图索骥

。学校甚至可能不存在于这种部落之中，而要学习的是一连串的知识、价值观和仪式。男孩被教导去刮树皮和挖空树，就像他们祖先之前做的那样。在这样的系统中教师非常清楚自己在做什么,确切知道传统的“填鸭式教育”在未来起的决定性作用。

突然间，还在陶醉于此，人们没有意识到，千年赖以生存的河流上游咫尺之遥，代表变革的先知者居然建起了一道大坝，抽干支流，现存的文明面临干涸的危机。他们霍然发现他们未来部落的远景在一系列的假设之后，他们根据他们部落现在的状态，将会得到一种危险性的误导。明天将不会重复今天。部落在为他的孩子们生活在河流文化部落所做的投资准备变成了毫无意义和潜在的悲剧性浪费，教育的努力因此而付之东流。

这就是我们今天面临的处境，但不仅是我们单独面临的，讽刺的是，不远处建造水坝的陌生人将消灭我们现在的文化。人类文明从未受过如此激烈而持久的技术、社会、信息变革的轰击。这种变革还在加速，我们在知识经济中处处目睹工业时代无法完成未来使命的无奈。

Passage 2 英译汉

In its plans to develop Greece as a year-round tourist destination, the Ministry of Tourism is focusing on alternative forms of tourism, beyond the sun, sea and sand classical summer holiday.Among other sectors, these include health and beauty tourism.Apart from stunning natural beauties, nature has endowed Greece with hot springs whose therapeutic properties were already known in ancient times.Hippocrates, the father of medicine, was the first to discover their virtues some 25 centuries ago.The geographical location of these springs is not accidental as it is related either to tectonic events or volcanic activities.Their waters are therapeutic for ailments such as rheumatism, arthritis and complaints related to lungs, kidneys, blood circulation and dermatology, among others.Of more than 750 natural springs, around 80 operate professionally as natural spas, many with accommodation and other facilities.In consultations with tourism associations, hoteliers and tourism investment consultants, the government is drafting a new law to define the rules for health tourism.Expected to be approved by Parliament early next year, the law will establish the legal framework and the prerequisites for health tourism centers, including provisions for handicapped guests.One condition will be that such centers will have to operate all year, not just in summer.Another is that hotels providing health facilities should be near a hospital or an airport.The Development Law, which came into force in December 2004, provides attractive incentives, such subsidies or tax breaks for health tourism center investments.The government is encouraging regional development in areas in northwestern Greece.Doctors and investors from Sweden, Britain and Germany have already shown interest in establishing health tourism centers in Greece, to take advantage of the country’s mild climate, low humidity and year-round sunshine.In addition to hydrotherapy, some centers will deal with illnesses of the psyche—depression, psychological problems and addictions.The serenity of many parts of Greece’s countryside is seen as therapeutic for people from northern countries where cold, dreary climates can lead sufferers to depression and suicide.Spread throughout Greece, many natural mineral springs are owned by the National Tourism Organization of Greece and managed by the Tourism Development Co.The latter is gradually divesting half of its large and diverse portfolio through long-term leasing of its holdings, including mineral springs and spas.希腊正计划发展成为全年开放的旅游胜地。除原有的阳光海水和沙滩的夏季假日旅游项目之外，旅游部正在集中精力开发其他类型的旅游项目，其中尤以健康与美容旅行。

大自然赋予希腊的，初了令人惊叹的美景之外，还有许多温泉，其医疗性能，在古代已经闻名于世。医学之父希波克拉底，在大约2500年之前就首先发现了温泉的这种功效。

温泉的地理分布也绝非偶然，因为这与地壳的运动和火山的活动有关，温泉的泉水对许多疾病有疗效，例如风湿病、关节炎以及与肺、肾、血液循环和皮肤有关的各种疾病。在750多个天然温泉中，有80多处是按照天然水疗中心的规格经营的，许多地方具备住宿和其他设施。

政府正与旅游协会、酒店老板和投资顾问协商，正在起草一部新的法律，以便健康旅游有章可循。预计此项法律明年年初即可在会议上通过，这样为建立健康旅游中心确定了一个法律框架，并提出先决条件，包括有关残疾客人的有关条款。一个条件是这类中心必须常年经营，而不只是夏季经营。另一个条件是，提供保健设施的旅店要建在医院或机场附近。

2004年12月生效的《发展法》规定了颇具吸引力的奖励措施，例如健康旅游中心投资者可以享受补贴或者减税政策，政府鼓励在希腊西北部各地实行区域开发。

瑞典、英国和德国的医生和投资者已经有意向在希腊建立健康旅游中心，以利用希腊温和的气候、较低的适度和常年的阳光。有些健康旅游中心除了进行水疗外，还治疗精神方面的疾病—抑郁症、心理问题和上瘾习惯等。希腊乡村有许多地方安宁恬静，人们认为这样的环境对北欧人来说可以起到医疗作用，因为北欧地区气候阴冷，能使患者让上抑郁症，甚至自杀。

天然的矿泉遍布希腊各地，许多矿泉归希腊旅游组织所有，由旅游开发公司经营。旅游开发公司正逐步减轻自身庞杂的任务，采取的办法是长期出租其所控的地产，包括矿泉和水疗中心。

Passage 3 汉译英

中国教育事业的发展

1949年新中国成立以来，中国政府一直十分重视教育，并且颁布了一系列法规，保护不同群体的公民受教育的权利，尤其是保护少数民族、妇女、儿童和残疾人受教育的权利。五十多年来，通过持续不断的努力，中国的教育事业取得了长足的进步。

九年制义务教育正在全国有计划地分阶段普及。小学教育已在全国占人口91%的地区普及。高等教育、职业技术教育、各种形式的成人教育和少数民族的教育迅速发展，一个多层次、多元化、多学科的教育体系已经在中国形成，从而有利于在教育领域中跨国交流和合作。

中国建立了以政府投资为主，社会办学力量为辅的教育体制。当前，地方政府主要是推广九年制义务教育，中央政府和省级政府以兴办高等教育为主。在职业教育和成人教育方面，包括工商企业和事业单位在内的社会办学力量正在起着越来越重要的作用。

教育部是中国最高的教育行政机构，负责实施中央政府有关的法律、条例和方针政策，规划教育事业的发展，协调全国办学力量和办学计划，推进和指导在全国范围内开展教育改革。

中国的教育体系由四个部分组成，即基础教育、职业技术教育、普通高等教育和成人教育。

基础教育包括学前教育、小学（6年）、初中（3年）和高中（3年）教育。中国政府历来把基础教育放在发展教育事业的首位。自从1986年通过了九年制义务教育法以来，中国绝大部分地区都普及了小学教育；初中教育则已在全国各大城市和经济发达地区普及。

职业技术教育迅速发展，一个多层次的职业技术教育体系已经建立起来，其中包括中等专业学校、中等技术学校、中等职业学校和各种形式的短期职业技术培训。

普通高等教育包括专科、本科、硕士和博士教育。大专一般是2-3年制，本科大学是4年制（医学和有些工程技术专业是5年制），硕士2-3年，博士3年。

五十多年来，中国的高等教育也取得了巨大的成就。1981年，中国还制定了包括学士、硕士和博士的学位制度。通过多次教育改革和结构调整，高等教育在促进国民经济建设、科技进步和社会发展中起着越来越重要的作用。

成人教育包括学历教育、扫盲教育和其他针对成人的各种教育。至1999年，全国普通高校已办了871所成人教育学院和大学，800余个函授教育点和成人夜校。自考教育已发展到250多个专业，3000万人获得了大专和本科文凭。

总之，中国是一个人口众多、经济和文化发展不平衡的大国，教育事业还有待进一步发展，但我们有信心建立起一个与国情相适应的、面向21世纪的教育体制。

The development of China Education

Since 1949 when the People's Republic of China was established.Chinese government has always been placing the education on its higher agenda, which has promulgated multiple codes to protect the education rights of its population from different angles, especially of ethical

groups, women, children and disabled.Through the uninterrupted efforts in the past five decades, China has made significant progress in its education career.The 9-year compulsory education is being implemented nationwide in stages in planned way;primary schooling has prevailed in areas concentrating 91% of Chinese population;higher education, occupational ,.And polytechnic education, diversified adult education, and ethical education have been developed rapidly.All these have contributed to a multi-layered, diversified and discipline-inclusive education system in China and facilitated the cross-border communication and cooperation in education sector.China has set up an education system with the government as investor and social partners as co-investors.In current stage, the local government is playing the key role in compulsory education while the central and provincial government are dominant in higher education.In occupational and adult education, social partners including industrial organizations, business and public institutions are playing a more and more important role.China's education system is composed of four components i.e.basic education, occupational and polytechnic education, common higher education and adult education.Basic education comprises of pre-school education, primary(6 years), junior(3 years)and senior(3 years)middle schooling.Chinese government has always been listing basic education as one of its top priorities.Since 1986 when the Law of Compulsory Education of the People's Republic of China was promulgated, primary schooling has prevailed in most areas in China, while the junior middle schooling is being popularized in large cities and economically developed areas.Chinese occupational and polytechnic education has experienced rapid development and a multi-level occupational and polytechnic system has been established, which is mainly composed of medium-level professional schools, occupational middle schools as well as short-term occupational and technical training programs of various kinds.Common higher education comprises of junior college, bachelor, master and doctoral degree programs.Junior college program usually last 2-3 years.bachelor program 4 years(medical and some engineering and technical program five years);master program 2-3 years;doctoral program 3 years.In five decades since 1949, China has made significant achievements in higher education.In 1981, China road-mapped a degree system composed of bachelor, master and doctor.Through waves of reform and restructuring, higher education in the country is playing an important role in facilitating national economy construction, science and technology advance and social development.Adult education comprises of schooling education, anti-literacy education and other programs oriented to adult groups.Up to 1999, there were 871 colleges and universities destined to adult education and 800 correspondence-based and adult education programs launched by common college.For higher education examination program for self-taught there were over 250 disciplines launched under this program and more than three million people have got junior college and bachelor degree.As a whole, education in China, the most populous country with the most extremely unbalanced economic and cultural development, is still an under-cultivated land.However, we have adequate reasons to expect an educational framework compatible with the Chinese conditions and to the next millennium.