第一篇：2018年高三英语一轮总复习专题24WildlifeProtection(句型语法)!
专题2.4 Wildlife Protection 【学以致用】
三、重点句型剖析
1.Please take me to a distant land where I can find the animal that gave fur to make this sweater.请带我到一个遥远的地方，在那里我可以找到一种动物，用它的毛来制作这样的毛衣。
【句式分析】 where 引导的是一个定语从句，修饰land。在这个定语从句中，还有一个that引导的定语从句，修饰animal。
【归纳拓展】
where 可引导三大从句：
①Is this the place where they went hunting last week? 这是他们上周打猎的地方吗？ ②Sit where I can see you.坐在我能看到你的地方。③This is where she lives.这就是她的住处。【即学即练】
（1）这是礼堂，医学会议将在此召开。
This is a hall the medical conference will be held.【答案】where 2．It shows the importance of wildlife protection, but I'd like to help as the WWF suggests.这体现了保护野生动植物的重要性，不过，我还是想按照世界自然基金会的建议来帮助你们。
【句式分析】as表示“仿照；像……那样；如……”，引导方式状语从句。【归纳拓展】
as 作为连词的用法主要有：
（1）“如同；按照”，引导方式状语从句。
①When in Rome, do as Romans do.入乡随俗。
②You must do everything as_I_do.你必须照着我做的来做每一件事。
（2）“当……时候；一面……一面；随着”，引导时间状语从句。
③They sang songs as they were doing farm work.他们一边干农活，一边唱歌。
（3）“因为；既然”，引导原因状语从句。
④—Coach, can I continue with the training? —Sorry, you can't as you haven't recovered from the knee injury.——教练，我可以继续训练吗？
——很抱歉，你不能，因为你膝盖受伤还没有恢复。（4）“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。
⑤Young as he is, he knows a lot.尽管他还是个孩子，他知道的事情很多。
（5）用作关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句。
（6）引导限制性定语从句。这时，其先行词的前面通常有such，the same 修饰，构成the same...as，such...as结构。【即学即练】 完成句子
（1）你应该按照你被告诉的那样完成你的任务。
You should finish your task.（2）你必须按你父母说的去做。
You must do.【答案】（1）as you are told to（2）as your parents tell you 单项选择（3）He smiled politely ________ Mary apologized for her drunken friends.A．as C．unless
B．if D．though
3.After a while she saw some zebra with black and white lines going beneath their stomachs.过了一会儿她看到了一些斑马，它们身上有从上一直延伸到腹部的黑白相间的条纹。
【句式分析】此句是一个简单句。句中with black and white lines going beneath their stomachs 是with的复合结构。该结构在句中作定语，修饰some zebra。【归纳拓展】
With结构构成方式如下：
① She came into the room，with her nose red because of cold.（with+名词+形容词，作伴随状语）② With the meal over，we all went home.（with+名词+副词，作时间状语）③ The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。（with+名词+介词短语，作伴随状语。）The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand.④ He lay in the dark empty house，with not a man，woman or child to say he was kind to me.（with+名词+不定式，作伴随状语）
⑤ She fell asleep with the light burning.（with+名词+现在分词，作伴随状语）【即学即练】
（1）With the problem(settle)we went on smoothly.问题解决后，我们进展得很顺利。（2）With a lot of homework(do), I can't go to see a film.有许多作业要做，我不能去看电影。（3）由于物价上涨很快，我们买不起高档商品。
With prices(go)up so fast, we can't afford luxuries.4.They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago，long before humans came into being and their future seemed secure at that time.千百万年前，它们(恐龙)就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多，当时他们的前景好像也很安全。【句式分析】long before“早在……之前；很早；很久以前”，此短语后面可以跟名词、代词或句子，也可单独作状语。学% 【归纳拓展】
①It will not be long before＋从句 过不了多久就……
It will not be long before the inflation figure starts to fall.过不了多久，通货膨胀率就会开始下降。
②It will be long before＋从句 要过很久才……
It will be long before we meet again.要隔很久的时间我们才能再见面.【即学即练】 完成句子
we can be rid of the pest altogether.不要太久我们就能把这种害虫消除干净。
【答案】It won't be long before 5.They learned this from the way the bones were joined together.他们是根据(恐龙)骨骼的连接方式了解到这一点的。
（1）way表示“方式；方法”时，其后常接in which或that引导的定语从句，此时也可以将关系词that/in which省略掉。
①The way(in which/that)he speaks to us is really annoying.他对我们讲话的方式真是让人讨厌。
②I think you hurt his pride by laughing at the way he speaks English.我觉得你嘲笑他说英语的方式伤害了他的自尊心。
4（2）way表示“方式；方法”时，其后还可接不定式或of doing sth.的形式。
③Is this the way you can imagine to reduce / of reducing air pollution? 这是你能想到的减少空气污染的方法吗？ 【即学即练】
一、单项选择
1．What surprised me was not what he said but _______ he said it.A.the way B.in the way that C.in the way
D.the way which 2．Please tell me the way you thought of ________ the garden.A.take care of B.to take care of C.taking care of D.to take care 3．What moved me most was not the Father’s Day gift from my daughter, but_______ she presented it.A.in the way B.the way which C.in the way that D.the way
3．D本题考查定语从句。the way 引导定语从句的关系词有下列三种形式：that/in which/不填。in the way挡道，妨碍某人，在句中含义不对，故选D。
四、重点语法突破
现在进行时的被动语态
1.现在进行时的被动语态的含义：
表示“某人或某事正在被……”强调主语是动作的承受者，即主谓之间为被动关系。如： We’ve not moved in our new house as it is being painted now.2.现在进行时的被动语态的结构：
肯定式：am/ is / are + being done 否定式：am/ is/ are not + being done 疑问式：Am/ Is/ Are +主语+ being done? 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + am/is/are+ being done 3.现在进行时的被动语态的用法 1)表示说话时正在进行的被动动作。
A new film is being shown in the theatre.Let's go to see it.电影院里正在放映新电影呢，咱们去看吧。
2）表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作，但动作不一定在此时此刻发生。如： A new railway station is being built.3）表示一种习惯的被动行为，常带有赞赏、羡慕、讨厌等感情色彩，常和always，constantly, frequently等表示频率的副词连用：
He is always being praised by the teacher.4）表示按计划或安排主语将要承受谓语动词所表示的动作。A party is being held tonight.今晚将要举行一场晚会。
5）与某些情态动词连用，表示对正在发生的动作的推测。如： He may be being beaten by his father at the very moment.4.考点归纳
1）现在进行时的被动语态可表示根据计划或安排主语将要承受谓语动词表示的动作（仅限于及物动词）。如：A party is being held tonight.2)一些表状态、心理活动、拥有、存在的动词，如have, want, need, love, realize等，一般不用于进行时的被动语态，而常用一般现在时的被动语态表示此时此刻或目前主语正承受谓语动词表示的动作。
Wang Li, come here.You’re wanted on the phone.3)少数动词用于进行时态，用主动形式表示被动含义，如print, cook, fry, hang, build, make等，如：The meat is cooking.4)“介词in, on, under+名词”构成的介词短语常表被动，可代替进行时的被动语态。如： The city is under attack(is being attacked)at the moment.The telephone is in use(is being used)now.The bridge is under repair/ construction(is being repaired/ constructed).5)现在进行时的被动语态与现在分词的被动式being done均可表示此刻正在进行的被动动作，可进行句型转换。如：
Please tell me something about the meeting that is being held now.=Please tell me something about the meeting being held now.5.拓展
被动语态的构成为：be + 过去分词，be的不同形式表达不同的时态。1）一般现在时：am/ is/ are + p.p.2）一般过去时：was/ were + p.p.3）现在进行时：am/ is/ are being + p.p.4）过去进行时：was/ were being + p.p.5）现在完成时：have/ has been + p.p.6）过去完成时：had been + p.p.7）一般将来时：will/ shall be +p.p.或 am/ is/ are/ going to be + p.p.8）过去将来时：would be + p.p.或 was/ were going to be + p.p.6.非谓语动词的被动形式的被动意义 to be done 不定式的被动，表将来和被动
to have been done 不定式完成式的被动，表完成和被动 being done 现在分词的被动，表进行和被动
having been done现在分词完成式的被动，表完成和被动,不作定语、补足语 done 过去分词，表完成和被动，作定语、状语、补足语。Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Your experiment report(type)now and it will be finished soon.2.Many interesting experiments(do)these days.7 3．I(treat)at the hospital now, so I cannot go to the cinema at present.4.I'm sorry, sir.Your recorder isn't ready yet.It(repair)in the factory.5.Much progress(make)in science and technology in China.Ⅱ.句型转换
1.They are writing a report about the negative effects of cellphones in school.(改为被动语态)→ A report about the negative effects of cellphones in school by them.2．Their future is being talked about by the man.(变为主动语态)→The man their future.3．The manager is punishing the worker for his fault.(变为被动语态)→ The worker for his fault by the manager.4．The library building is being constructed in our school.(同义句替换)→ The library building in our school.5．This computer is being used.(同义句替换)→ This computer.【答案】1.is being written 2.is talking about 3．is being punished 4.is under construction 5.is in use
第二篇：2018年高三英语一轮总复习专题25Music(句型语法)!
专题2.5 Music 【学以致用】
三、重点句型剖析
1.【教材原句】How does music make you feel? 音乐使你有什么感受？
【句式分析】本句中make you feel属于“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构，宾补是不带to的动词不定式。“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构的常见形式：
（1）“make＋宾语＋省略to的不定式”表示“使/强迫……(做某事)”，但在被动语态结构中则用带to的不定式。类似用法的动词有：see，watch，notice，hear等。
make him understand/laugh使他了解/笑 He was made to go．他是被迫去的。（2）make＋宾语＋名词
He made himself a soldier.他使自己成为一名军人。（3）make＋宾语＋过去分词
The foreigner tried to make himself understood．这位外国人尽力使别人明白自己的意思。（4）make＋间接宾语＋直接宾语
I made him a new suit.我做了一套新的衣服给他。
注意：“make＋名词”相当于与该名词同义的动词。make an answer相当于answer，意为“回答”；make an appointment相当于appoint，意为“约定”。学%
用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
（1）We shouldn't make our plan ________(know)to everybody.（2）He was made ________(wait)for her over an hour.（3）He explained it again to make himself ________(understand)（4）Don't make the baby ________(cried)any more.2.【教材原句】Sometimes they may play to passers－by in the street or subway so that they can earn some extra money for themselves or to pay for their instruments.有时他们可能在街上或地铁里为过路者演奏，这样他们可以为自己或自己要买的乐器多挣一些钱。
【句式分析】
（1）句中so that引导的是目的状语从句，意为“以便；以至于”，它相当于in order that。
Third，I should study hard so that / in order that I can do something better for my city in the future.第三，我应该努力学习以便将来我能更好地为我的城市做些更好的事。
We keep on telling people not to destroy the beauty of nature so that / in order that we can have a cleaner world.为了有一个更清洁的世界，我们一直告诫人们不要破坏美好的大自然。
（2）当so that引导目的状语从句时可以转换成so as to或in order to结构时，后需要接动词的原形
We'll come at eight so that the meeting can begin early.＝We'll come at eight so as to/in order to make the meeting begin early.我们将在8点来，以便会议早点开始。
（3）so that还可以引导结果状语从句，意为“结果……”。
He got up late yesterday morning so that he missed the flight.他昨天早晨起晚了，结果没赶上航班。
（1）句型转换。
You must work hard so that you can finish the work in time.→You must work hard ________ you can finish the work in time.→You must work hard ____________________．
（2）单句改错。
Trust is needed in the whole society，which requires parents to obey their own rules and set a good example that children can trust them._____________________________________________ 【答案】that前加so 3.【教材原句】The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music，most of which was based loosely on the Beatles.音乐家一边演奏音乐，一边彼此打趣逗笑。这些玩笑和音乐大多都在模仿“甲壳虫”乐队。【句式分析】
句中不定式“to play...music”作were的表语，不定式作表语常用来表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作或用来解释主语的内容。
Our most important task now is to make a plan．我们现在最重要的任务是制订一个计划。My wish is to be a doctor when I grow up.我的愿望是长大后当一名医生。What I love best now is to have a relaxing holiday.我现在最喜欢的是过一个轻松的假期。【归纳拓展】
①不定式作表语：一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。如：What I would suggest is to start work at once.我的建议是立刻开始干。
②动名词作表语：常表示抽象的一般性行为。如：Our work is serving the people.我们的工作是为人民服务。【名师点津】
有时这种区别并不很严格。但要注意：主语和表语要用同一种形式；平行结构中要用同一种形式。如：To see is to believe.＝Seeing is believing.眼见为实。即学即练］
一、单句语法填空。
（1）My job is ________(look)after my sister when mum is cooking.（2）What I will do next is ________(help)them.4.【教材原句】Freddy and his band could not go out anywhere without being followed.弗雷迪和他的乐队无论走到哪儿都有人跟随。
【句式分析】本句为复杂的简单句。句中not...without...表示双重否定(即：肯定)，常见的句式：
not(never)do/no...without(doing)sth.“没有……就不能……；要……必定……” cannot...too...“越……越……无论怎样……也不为过”
The two men can never watch Feng Gong’s performance without laughing.这两个人看冯巩的表演没有不笑的时候。What he has said is not without reason.他说的话并非没有道理。
（1）We can't leave the country a passport.没有护照我们就不能出国。
（2）He said he would not go to the party.他说没有受到邀请他是不会去参加那个聚会的。（3）You shouldn't have left anyone.你不该没向任何人道别就离开。
5.【教材原句】Their personal life was regularly discussed by people who did not know them but talked as if they were close friends.一些不认识他们的人也在不断地讨论他们的私生活，而且就像他们是亲密的朋友一样。【句式分析】
（1）本句为主从复合句。句子结构为：
（2）在这个定语从句中，含有as if引导的方式状语从句修饰talked。当as if/though引导的从句中的内容为非真实情况时，从句通常用虚拟语气。①表示与现在事实相反时从句的谓语动词用一般过去时。
He talks as if he knew where she was.他说话的样子，好像他知道她在哪里似的。②表示与过去事实相反时从句的谓语动语用had＋过去分词。
She worked as calm as usual as if she had heard nothing.她像往常一样平静地工作，好像什么也没听见一样。③表示将来的可能性不大时从句的谓语动语用would/should/might/could＋动词原形。He opened his mouth as if he would say something.他张开嘴好像要说些什么。【名师点津】
as if 从句用陈述语气的情况：当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。It looks as if it is going to rain.看起来好像要下雨。
一、选择题
（1）Don't handle the vase as if it made of steel.A．is
B． were C．has been D． had been 【答案】 B
二、完成句子
（2）看起来海水好像不干净，不能在这儿游泳。
It looks the sea water isn't clean enough to swim here.（3）他快步跑回家，看上去好像有什么事不对劲。
He quickly ran home, looking there was something wrong with him.【答案】（2）as if/though（3）as if/though 6.【教材原句】Now whenever we go to the pub, we play our songs and buy drinks for the regulars.现在，无论我们何时去酒吧，我们都为常客演奏歌曲、购买饮料。【句式分析】
本句为主从复合句。本句中含有whenever引导的时间状语从句，表示“无论何时”，相当于no matter when。引导让步状语从句时，两种形式都可以用，但是引导名词性从句时，只能用whenever。用法相似的还有whatever，whichever，however，wherever与no matter what，no matter which，no matter how，no matter where等。即学即练］
（1）Home is such a place where you can come back you are tired.5 家是这样的一个地方，一个无论你何时感到疲惫都可以回来休息的地方。（2）you happen to see such things is not strange.无论什么地方你看到那样的事都不奇怪。
（3）I'll finish the job, ____________________________ it takes.不管花多少时间，我都要完成这项工作。
（4）_________________________________, never forget that you're a Chinese.无论走到哪里，都不要忘了你是个中国人。
（5）If they do not take this fair chance, the consumer can do ____________________．
如果他们不把握住这次公平的机会，消费者可以采取任何他们想采取的行动。
7.【教材原句】At last feeling very upset and sensitive, Freddy and his band realized that they must leave the country before it became too painful for them.最后，由于深感苦恼，神经高度紧张，弗雷迪和他的乐队意识到他们必须在自己感到太痛苦之前离开这个国家。
【句式分析】before引导时间状语从句时，往往表示主句动作先于从句动作发生，注意译法：（1）说明两个时间或两个事件之间的关系，译成“在......之前”。
We can set off early before it gets hot.我们在天热之前早点出发。
（2）与情态动词can/could连用，这时从句虽为肯定形式，但根据汉语表达习惯译成“还没来得及......就”。
Before I could get in a word, he had measured me.我还没来得及插话他就为我量好了尺寸。（3）用于肯定句中，强调主句所表达的时间多、距离长或花费的精力大，译成“才”。
We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw lands.我们航行了四天四夜才看到陆地。
（4）用于否定句，强调主句所表达的时间少、距离短或花费的精力小，译成“不到......就”。We hadn’t run a mail before he felt tired.我们跑了还不到一英里他就累了。
（5）主句含有hardly, scarcely等半否定副词时可以译为“刚......就”。这时主句用过去完成时，从句用过去时，还可以用when代替before。
We had scarcely reached the school before/when the bell rang.我们刚到学校铃声就响了。（6）表示“宁愿；宁可”，相当于rather than。
I’d die before I apologized to them.我宁死也不向他们道歉。（7）before常用于句型：
it was……before…… 过了(多长时间)才…… it will be……before…… 要用(多长时间)才…… it wasn’t……before……
没过(多长时间)就…… it won’t be……before…… 用不了(多长时间)就会…… 1)It was long before he came to help me．过了很久他才来帮我。2)It wash’t long before the fire was put out．不久火就给扑灭了。
3)It will be another five days before we finish this task．还要再过五天我们才能完成任务。4)It won’t be a long time before someone comes to see you．不久就会有人来看你。
You can’t borrow books from the school library ______ you get your student card.A．before
B．if C．while D．as 答案：A 8．【教材原句】Music is more than just sound.音乐决不仅仅是声音。【句式分析】more than＋数词，“……以上；多于……”，等同于
＋名词，“不仅仅；不只；超过；远不止” over ＋动词，“十分；大大地；远远地；不仅仅”
＋...can/could＋v.“不能” ＋adj./adv.，“非常；十分；更加”
①By then he was more than fifty.那时他已经50多岁了。
②Peace is much more than the absence of war.和平不仅仅意味着没有战争。学% ③He more than smiled;he laughed out.他岂止是微笑，他简直是大笑了。④That's more than I can tell you.这一点我是不能告诉你的。
⑤He is more than selfish.他非常自私。拓展：
(1)more＋adj./n.＋than＋adj./n..与其说……倒不如说……(2)no more than＋num.＝only 仅仅(3)not more than＋num.＝at most 至多
(4)no more＋adj./adv.＋than...和……一样不……(5)not more＋adj./adv.＋than...不如……
(6)more than one “不止一个”，做主语或修饰主语时，谓语动词用单数。
(1)Lizzie was ______ to see her friend off at the airport.A．a little more than sad B．more than a little sad C．sad more than a little D．a little more than sad
(2)—Tom is very stupid.He failed to pass the exam once again.—He is ______ than stupid.A．lazier
B．no lazier C．more lazy D．lazier rather 解析：more＋adj.＋than 意为“与其说……倒不如说……”。答句句意为：“与其说他笨倒不如说他懒。” 答案：C
四、重点语法突破
介词+关系代词 引导的定语从句
“介词 + 关系代词”引导的定语从句是定语从句中较复杂的一种，多用于正式文体中。这类定语从句的关系代词主要有 which，whom，whose。它们既可引导限定性定语从句，又可引导非限定性定语从句。同学们在学习这种定语从句时要注意以下几种情况：
一、注意介词的选取
“介词” + “关系代词”引导的定语从句中，介词的选取应根据如下几点： 1.根据介词和定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配。如：
Who is the man with whom you just shook hands？ 刚才和你握手的人是谁？
The two things about which Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms.马克思不大有把握的两个方面是语法和某些习惯用语。
①In the dark street there wasn't a single person_____ she could turn for help.A.that B.who C.from whom D.to whom 解析：答案为 D。介词 to 和定语从句中的 turn 构成固定搭配 turn to sb.for help。意为“向某人求助”。
2.根据定语从句意思的需要，此时不但要注意其前的搭配也要注意其后的搭配。如：
He had a bad cold，because of which he didn't attend the meeting.他患了重感冒，因此未能参加会议。
The speed at which the car runs depends on the road condition.这辆车的速度要根据路面状况而定。
②In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p.m.，_______ many people have got home.A.whose time B.that C.on which D.by which 解析：答案为 D。根据句意“到下午 5 ： 30 时，许多人已经到家了”，且定语从句中又用了完成时，故应用介词 by。
3.根据意思也可用复杂介词，如 by means of，as a result of，in front of，in the back of，all of，most of 等。如：
The instrument by means of which the temperature is measured is called thermometer.用来测量温度的仪器叫温度计。
There are forty students in the classroom, all of whom are working hard at a problem in mathematics.教室里有四十个学生，他们都在努力计算一道数学难题。
二、注意关系代词的选取
在“介词 + 关系代词”引导的定语从句中，如果关系代词指代事物就用 which;如果指代人则用 whom;若表示“……的”则用 whose。如：
This is the classroom in which we studied last year.这就是我们去年学习的教室。
There are sixty students in our class，twenty of whom are girls.我们班有六十个学生，其中二十个是女生。
He lives in a house，whose door opens to the north.他住的房子门是朝北开的。
①He paid the boy ＄ 10 for washing the windows, most of _____ hadn't been cleaned for at least a year.A.those B.these C.that D.which ②The gentleman _____ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.A.who B.about whom C.whom D.with whom 解析：①中关系代词指代“窗子”，故用 which，答案为 D ；② 中关系代词指代人，故用 whom，它又和后面的 told 构成固定搭配 tell sb.about sb./sth.，故答案为 B。
三、注意关系代词的替换
1.介词 in，on，at，for 等与关系代词 which 一起引导定语从句时，可与相关的关系副词 when，where，why 等替换。如：
America is the country in which George Washington was born.美国是乔治•华盛顿出生的国家。(in which 用 where 替换)I have forgotten the exact date on which this small country became independent.我忘了这个国家独立的确切日期了。(on which 用 when 替换)The reason for which he refused to go to the party was that they had not invited him to.他拒绝去赴宴的原因是他没受到他们的邀请。(for which 用 why 替换)2.“名词 +of + 关系代词 ” 引导定语从句时，可与相关的关系副词“ whose + 名词”替换。如：
I will talk to those students the homework of whom hasn't been done.我要和没完成作业的同学谈话。(the homework of whom 用 whose homework 替换)
She lives in the house the windows of which face to the east.10 她住在一栋窗户朝东的房子里。(the windows of which 用 whose windows 替换)
四、注意不能拆开的动词短语
并不是所有的动词短语都能拆开，要注意有些动词短语不能拆开使用。这样的动词短语常用的有： look after，look for，turn in，pay attention to，take care of，depend on，listen to 等。如：
The babies(whom)the nurses are looking after are very healthy.保育员照看的婴儿都很健康。
Is this the book(which/that)she was looking for ？ 这是她正在找的那本书吗？
Where is the wallet(which/that)you turned in yesterday？ 你昨天上交的钱包哪去了？
These are the words(which/that)you should pay attention to.这些是你应该注意的单词。
五、注意“介词 +where ”引导的定语从句
有时我们可以见到“介词 +where ”引导的定语从句，此时要和“介词 +which” 引导的定语从句从意思上加以区别。如：
His head soon appeared out of the window，from where he saw nothing but trees.他的头很快从窗口露出来，从那儿除了树木他什么也看不见。(from where 相当于 from out of the window.而不是 from the window)They stood on the top of the building，from where they could see the whole city.他们站在楼顶上，从那儿能看到整个城市。(from where 相当于 from the top of the building，而不是 from the building)
六、介词+关系代词除后面加句子引导定语从句外，还可直接跟不定式作定语，相当于一个定语从句。如：He has saved another thousand dollars with which to support his family.=He has saved another thousand dollars with which he could support his family.他又攒了一千块钱，用这些钱他可以养活他的家庭。
注：在这种结构中，若把介词移至句尾，whom和which必须省略。比较： I have found a room in which to put my things.(正)I have found a room which to put my things in.(误)I have found a room to put my things in.(正)
一、用适当的介词＋关系代词填空
（1）The gentleman ________________ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.（2）He's the model ________________ we should learn.（3）This is the pilot ________________ I bought a camera.（4）I'll never forget the day ________________ I joined the army.（5）He introduced me to the boys, one ___________ offered to go with me.（6）Maria has written two novels，both ____________ have been made into television series.（7）John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most ________________ are family members.（8）Here are the questions some ________________ I thought are difficult for you.（9）The death of his wife was an experience_________ he never fully recovered.（10）She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction ________________ had taken more than three years.二、单句改错
（1）I'll never forget the day in which I joined the League._____________________________________________（2）They live in a house which door opens to the south._____________________________________________（3）These are the wires on which different machines are connected._____________________________________________（4）I can't remember the age at when he won the prize._____________________________________________（5）Yesterday we visited the West Lake which Hangzhou is famous._____________________________________________（6）Can you tell me the reason for why you were late for school? _____________________________________________（7）I visited the village in that many children couldn't go to school because of poverty._____________________________________________（8）The building，the roof of whose was damaged in the earthquake，has been repaired._____________________________________________（9）The naughty boy made a hole in the wall in which he could see what is happening outside._____________________________________________（10）Where is the supermarket in where you bought the laptop last week._____________________________________________
第三篇：高三英语一轮复习课文内容
高三英语一轮复习课文内容汇编
第一册5---6模块
Ｉ.快拼熟记单词.liquid expand mixture oxygen electric electrical aim reaction ordinary steam balance flame department contain academic communication crash create definite develop hardware independent millionaire network scream document system web download favorite disadvantage frequently sideways design II.常用短语.＊in the last /past 20years ＊in the area of science ＊be proud of ＊be different from differ from ＊think of ＊be independent of
contract electricity stage equipment float lecture access concentrate data fantastic keyword organization source browser permission average
add…to at least be supposed to used to do be used to doing for example put …in order
substance electronic conclusion partial form lecturer accessible consist defence disk military percentage surf essay invention shorten
＊＊＊＊＊＊＊make sure ＊find out ＊keep …out of ＊at the top/bottom of ＊be/become known as be known for /by /to ＊come up with come up ＊from that moment on ＊work on /as ＊point out ＊take out ＊a series of ＊in one’s opinion ＊millions of thousands of scores of /dozens of ＊in addition to as well as as well
＊learn from
＊win the Nobel prize for…
＊go down ＊consist of be made up of ＊concentrate on
concentrate one’s attention on ＊compared with/to ＊too much /much too ＊wrap up ＊instead of ＊click on ＊log on/off
＊agree to /with /on sth agree to do
＊come to a conclusion
reach/ arrive at a conclusion
draw a conclusion III.重点回顾与拓展。
1.It is hard to think of a world without metals.Remember the following sentence patterns: It is/was +a./ n.+to do sth./that-clause It seems /feels + a.+to do sth./ that-clause
It feels good to hear her singing.It doesn’t matter +whether /when /what /…-clause It is no use /good doing sth.It is said /reported….+ that-clause Translate the following sentences: 同他争辩是没有用的。(It’s no use arguing with him.)对警察来说在一次重要的足球比赛中维持秩序是一件很艰苦的事。(It’s a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.)他来不来都没有关系。
(It doesn’t matter whether he comes or not.)2 agree with sb.(what one said, one’s idea ,one’s opinion ,one’s decision ,one’s view)agree to a plan(a proposal ,a program ,an arrangement)agree on /upon sth.agree with: His words don’t agree with his action.The climate here doesn’t agree with him.We agreed on the price for the car.We agreed on the date for the meeting.3.population Remember the following sentence patterns.The city has a population of 250 000 =the population of this city is 250 000.What’s the population of this city? A large /small population One third of the population of this city are farmers.4.make 后加宾补的几种情况： make him captain make him sad make him repeat it
He was made to repeat it.他奉命重述一遍。make myself understood 注意：make somebody doing 一般不出现。5.especially & specially I came here specially to ask you for advice.专门 These days the medical workers in the hospital are very busy, especially the nurses.尤其 Our garden is beautiful, especially in autumn.尤其，特别 = particularly 6.compare with /to Compared with /to her mother, she is tall.(注意：多用原级)If you compare the sentence with that one, you’ll find the difference between them.Teachers are always compared to candle.比作
IV.强化练习
1.When I got home, I found the gas ____but the door____.A.burned;locking
B.burning;locking C.to burn;to lock
D.burning;locked 2.____Beijing you see today is quite ____ different city from what it used to be.A.The;/
B./;the
C.The;a
D.A;a
3.It is generally believed that teaching is ______ it is science.A.as an art much as
B.much an art as C.as an art much as
D.as much an art as 4.What is the way Mr.Smith thought of ______ enough money to buy the new house? A.to get
B.getting
C.gets
D.to have got 5.He did it ____ it took me.A.one-third a time
B.one-third time C.the one-third time D.one-third the time 6.There are five pairs ____ , but I’m at a loss which to buy.A.to be chosen
B.to choose from C.to choose
D.for choosing 7.The number of people present at the concert was _____ than expected.There were many tickets left.A.much smaller
B.much more C.much larger
D.many more 8.____ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.A.Compare
B.When comparing
C.Comparing
D.When compared(DCDADBAD)V.小作文练习：假如你是一名来自加拿大的老师，某校请你去给他们的学生做场关于到国外学习的报告，提出一些建议。参考范文：
Boys and girls，It’s a great honor for me to be invited to give you a talk.Now I will give you some advice on studying abroad.First, make a plan.It will prepare you well for your life in a foreign country.Second, as for places to live(in), you have many choices.You can live in a dormitory with other students or live alone.But I think a homestay is the best choice/ it’s best to live with the local family, which can give you a better understanding of foreign customs and improve your English.Third, you can apply for scholarships of the university where you study.You can also work on campus in your spare time to earn some money.Last, you must adjust yourself to the new environment to deal with culture shock.As the famous saying goes, when in Rome, do as the Romans do.Only in this way can you avoid making yourself embarrassed.I do hope my advice will be of any help to you.That’s all.Thank you.
第四篇：2014届高三英语总复习特色原创专题学案：特殊句型
特殊句型及其它
Ⅰ【说明要求】 辨别句子结构是考生应对高考应具备的能力之一。英语中句子结构很多，也很容易混淆。特殊句式内容比较杂乱，掌握起来有一定的难度。特殊句型及其它主要涉及强调句型、反意疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、倒装句及省略句。考试大纲要求学生能够掌握特殊句型的构成，注重特殊句型的合理运用。
Ⅱ【考查趋势】
近三年，虽然安徽省高考英语试题涉及特殊句型的考查较少，仅在2012年考查过状语从句中的省略，但倒装句是高考的热点,强调句是高考的难点。同时,祈使句与陈述句的区别、省略与替代的合理运用等是高考考查的重点项目。
Ⅲ【三年真题呈现】
for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.（2012年安徽省30题）
A.askingB.askedC.having askedD.to be asked
【答案】B
Ⅳ【模拟演练】
1.Every evening after dinner, if not from work, I will spend some time reading.A.being tired
答案C
2.Some of you may have finished unit one._____, you can go on to unit two.A.If you mayB.If you doC.If notD.If so3.He must be sleeping in the next room,?
A.is heB.isn’t heC.must heD.mustn’t he答案B
4.—What’s the matter with Sophia?
—Her parents wouldn't allow her to go to the party, but she still __
A.hopes toB.hopes soC.hopes notD.hopes for
答案A，and you will learn a lot about protecting yourself from earthquakes.A.Having searched
答案D
6.—Who should be to blame for the accident? B.To searchC.SearchingD.Search B.tiringC.tiredD.to be tired
—The boss，A.as told
答案A
7.Bill wasn’t happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and ______.A.I was neither
答案B
8．A.why it does
答案D
9.______ again? I really look forward to the early coming of this day.A.When do you think we can meetB.Do you think when we can meet
C.When do you think can we meetD.Do you think when can we meet 答案A
10.＿＿＿these cultural relics in this city are!
A.What perfectly protectedB.How perfect protected
C.How perfectly protectedD.What perfect protected
答案C
11.— What sport do you like best?
— Springboard diving(跳板跳水).＿＿＿＿ to dive into water from high board!
A.What a fun is itB.How fun it is
C.How a fun is itD.What fun it is
答案D
12.If you have a job，yourself to it and finally you’ll succeed．C.how it isD.what it is B.neither was IC.I was eitherD.either was IB.as are toldC.as tellingD.as they told B.what he does
A．do devoteB．don't devoteC．devotingD．not devoting 答案：A
13.Mrs.Black doesn’t believe her son is able to design the program, _________?
A．is heB．isn’t heC．doesn’t sheD．does she答案:D
14.Fishing is his favorite hobby，and ________．
A．he’d like to collect coins as well
B．he feels like collecting coins, too
C．to collect coins is also his hobby
D.collecting coins also gives him great pleasure 答案D
15.Faced with a bill for $10，000，A.Jim has taken an extra job
C.an extra job has been taken
答案A
B.the boss has given Jim an extra job D.an extra job has been given to Jim
第五篇：2013高考英语一轮复习高中英语常用短语及句型归纳（推荐）
―高中英语常用短语及句型归纳
1．高考高频动词短语
（1）act短语：
act as 担任……职务，起……作用
act out 表演（对话、故事等）
例如：
act for 代理（某人职务），代为（处理某事）act up 捣乱，出毛病
I acted as an interpreter while I was in Xiamen.Mr Black is acting for the old man in his case.(布莱克先生代那个老人处理他的案件。)The children were acting out the story of the birth of Jesus.He’s a tough kid and he acts up a lot.（2）break短语：
break away 摆脱，脱离
break away from … 脱离……，奋力挣脱…… break down 出故障，坏掉，中止，累垮，分解
break in 打断，插话，闯入，强行进入
break into … 闯入……，破门而入
break(sth)off（使某物）折断，中断某事物，突然停止 break out（战争、火灾）突然发生，爆发 break out in tears 突然大哭
break the rule 违反规定 break through 突围，冲跨
例如: The thief broke away from the police, but was later caught.If you keep on working like that, you’ll break down sooner or later.The car broke down just on my way here.If anyone tries to break in, the alarm will go off.If anyone tries to break into the building, the alarm will go off.She broke off a bit of bread and dipped it in the soup.I broke off the conversation and answered the phone.Does everyone know what to do if a fire breaks out? It may take a long time to break through the problem.In spring the icebergs begin to break up.（3）bring短语：
bring about 引起，导致，使发生
bring along 把……带来，领来
bring back 拿回来，使恢复
bring sb back 送回某人 bring sth / sb back to life 使……生动/活泼，使……苏醒（比较：sth / sb come back to life 复苏，苏醒）
bring down 使……降低，减少，使……倒下，使……落下
bring down / up(the price)降价／提价 [比较：(the price)go down / up 价格下降 /上涨] bring in 引进（技术），赚钱，带来（收入），吸收
bring on 发展，引起，导致，使前进
bring out 拿出，出版，生产，揭露，阐明，使表现出 bring to 使苏醒
bring … to use = put …to use 对……加以利用
bring / carry sth to / into effect 实施……（比较：sth come / go into effect 开始实施）bring up 抚养，培养，哺育 例如：
break up 分解，分裂，拆散，碎开A huge amount of environmental damage has been brought about by the destruction of the rainforests.You’re welcome to bring along a friend.The government hopes these measures will help to bring down inflation(通货膨胀).American country music brings in more than $10 billion each year.This new kind of technology was brought in in the early 1980s.Stress can bring on(=lead to / result in)headaches and other illnesses.Jenny opened the cupboard and brought out a couple of bottles.He was brought up by his grandparents.（4）call短语：
call at(sp)访问（某地），拜访（某地）[比较：call on(sb)拜访（某人），访问（某人）] call back 回电话
call for 提倡，号召，要求，需要，去接某人，接走某人 call / shout for help 呼救
call in 请来，召集，来访，打电话
call off 取消
call on / upon 号召
call out 大声呼喊，叫喊
call sb…for short 简称某人……
call sb names 谩骂某人
call up 给……打电话，使人想起，号召例如：
We called at Mike’s house yesterday.All ships sailing on the oceans call for help by radio in English.I’ll call for my uncle at Beijing Railway Station.Let’s call in a doctor for the little girl.Many of these songs called on / upon the workers to take up the struggle.I shall call on him tomorrow.I heard somebody calling out to me from downstairs.Call me up tomorrow;my number is 536291.Your letter calls up the days when we worked together fifteen years ago.Due to the bad weather, the sports meeting has been called off.（5）come短语：
come about 发生，产生
come across 偶然相遇
come along 来，随同，进展，加油
come at … 向……袭击 come back 回来，想起来，复活 come down 下来，下落，传下
come down to… 到达，从一处来到另一处 come for… 来拿，来取
come from… 来自，出生于
come in 进来，进入
come into being 形成，产生
come into use 使用起来
come off 脱落，从……离开
come on 过来，跟我来，加油，来吧，赶快
come on / upon sb / sth 偶然遇见，偶然碰上，偶然发现
come out 露出，出来，出现，出版，发（芽），（花）开 come over to… 过来，顺便来访，从一个地方来到另一个地方 come round / around（非正式）来访，串门
come to … 来到，出现，提及，达到，共计，结果是，苏醒 come to an end 结束，终止
come to know 逐渐地知道
come to life（变得）活泼，苏醒过来 come to light 显露，为人所知 come to oneself 苏醒过来，恢复知觉
come to / into power 当权，上台
come / go to ruin = fall into ruin 变成废墟 come to terms with… 甘心忍受
come true 变为现实，成为事实
come up 被提出，上来，走来，上升，抬头，长出来 come up to sb 朝某人走来
come up with … 提出，想出（主意），找出（答案），赶上 例如：
A number of educational reforms have come about as a result of the report.I came across an old friend of mine in the street the other day.Your English is coming along really well.Come along / on!Don’t give up yet!Come along / on!We’re all waiting for you!Suddenly, he came at me with a knife.Now, let’s come back to what I was saying a moment ago.It is impossible for a dead animal to come back.Snow was coming down so thickly that I could hardly see through the window.The airplane came down in that field.Where does the film star come from, do you know?
Mr Smith came in in a hurry, book in hand(= with a book in his hand).The law first came into being in 1912.By the time he came to / into power in 1951, he was already seventy.How long is it since the electronic computer came into use? The button came off, but he didn’t notice it.There is no doubt that the truth will come out one day.The trees turn green and flowers come out.This magazine comes out once a month.Why don’t you come around / round for lunch?
Some day you’ll come to know the mistakes you have made.If they don’t come to a decision by midnight, the talks will be abandoned.I’ve forgotten her name, but maybe it’ll come to me later.The bill came to £480 in total.His dream of becoming a film star came true at last.A child came up to me and showed me the way.The same problems came up at the meeting yesterday.They came up with the same problems at the meeting yesterday.Searching through the drawer, I came upon the letter I’d been looking for.（6）cut短语：
cut away 切除，剪去
cut down 砍倒，砍下，削减
cut in 插嘴，加塞，插入
cut in line 插队
cut … into pieces / halves 把……切成碎片/切成两半 cut off 切断（线路），中断（供应）
cut the cost of … 降低……的成本
例如：
cut out 删除，剪下来
cut up 切碎，剪碎，剁碎，齐根切掉
He cut away some branches, making it look more beautiful.A lot of trees there were cut down in the past.The electricity was cut off because of the storm.He was sentenced to death and had his head cut off the next day.Could you cut the pizza up, please?（7）do短语：
do about 处理，应付
do a good deed 做一件好事
do a test 做实验，做化验
do and don’t 要与不要
do a lot of walking 走很多路
do a word puzzle 猜字谜
do away with 废除
do chores 处理琐事，干家务 do make-up 化妆，打扮
do one’s best 尽某人最大努力
do an experiment / experiments 做实验
do body-building 做健身操
do housework 做家务活
do observations 观察
do one’s homework 做作业
do sb a favour 帮某人一个忙
do research on… 从事……研究工作
do sb honor = do honor to sb 礼遇某人，对某人表示敬意 do sb the favour to do sth 帮某人一个忙做某事 do some reading 读书，阅读，看点书
do some shopping = go shopping 购物，买东西
do sports = have / play sports = take exercise 进行体育运动，做运动，进行锻炼 do sth in turn / by turns = take turns to do sth / in doing sth 轮流做某事 do telephone interviews 进行电话采访
do the laundry 洗衣服
do up 打扮，梳妆，收拾，把（衣服，鞋子等）扣/系好 do up one’s shoes / hair 系好鞋带/梳好头 do up the button 扣纽扣
do well / better in… 在……方面干得好/更好
do with 处理，处臵，对付
do wrong 做坏事，做错事（比较：do right = do the right thing 做得对）
例如：
To tell the truth, I don’t know how to do with him.I’ll have nothing to do with him from now on.What did you do with that camera you found? The poisonous waste may do great harm to the things around us.Eat more fruit;it will do good to you.I think I can do better in English this year than last year.Liszt said, “You’ve done wrong, but I can see you are truly sorry about it.” I’m going to do my best this year.I was only trying to do a good deed.（8）get短语：
get a better understanding of China 更好地了解中国 get a full mark / full marks 得满分
get a lot of satisfaction 得到满足
get at 意指，本意是
get around = get about 四处走动，活动
get away 移走，拿走，逃脱，逃离
get away from 逃脱，逃离 get back 回来，回家，取回，找回，退还 get close to 接近
get down on one’s knees 跪下
get in 进入，收获，达到
get into… 进入……
get down 下来，降下
get down to(doing)sth 开始（做）某事）get in a word 插话
get sb into… 使某人陷入
get it 接（电话），应（门），理解，懂得 get off 下车，脱下（衣服等）
get on 上车，过活
get on / along with… 进展，与……相处 get on one’s feet（艰难地）站立起来
get out 离开，出去
get out of 逃避，避免
get over 克服，恢复，原谅
get up 起床，起身
get across 理解，度过 get through 接通（电话），完成（工作），通过（考试）
get to 到达，抵达
get to sleep 入睡，设法睡着 get / gain / take possession of 占有，拥有，占领 get ready for 为……做准备
（比较：be ready for = be well prepared for = be in preparation for 为……做好了准备）get rid of 除掉，去掉
get the idea for… 想到……的主意
get sb to do 让某人做
get the message across 传播信息
get together 相聚，碰头，联欢
get / be used to sth习惯于……，适应于……（比较：be used as sth 被用作……
be used for sth 被用于……，用来做…… be used to do sth 被用于做……
used to do sth 过去常常做）
get / be dressed 穿衣服
get / be engaged(to sb)（与某人）订婚 get / be lost 丢失了，迷路
get / be married(to sb)= marry(sb)（与某人）结婚 get / be stuck 陷进去，被困住，被难住，遇到困难 get / be tired of 对……感到厌倦，对……失去兴趣（比较：get / be tired for 因……而感到疲倦）例如：
I’m getting on well with my classmates now.How are you getting along with your English? He got the book away from her.The bank robbers used a stolen car to get away.When did you get back from the countryside? Have you got back the book you lent him? “Get down on your knees,” said the Genie, “for I am going to kill you.” The dust has got into my eyes.This mistake may get him into difficulties.Before I could get in a word he had measured me, and was giving orders for evening suits.If you knock into someone, or get into his way, you should say, “Excuse me.” or “I’m sorry.” When you are in London, you might get in touch with a friend of mine.The conductor got off and checked the rails.She got on her bicycle and cycled off.You work too hard!You should get out a bit more.If you don’t want to go, I suppose I can get rid of the ticket.We all try to get together at least once a year at Christmas time.It took us only four minutes to get through the Customs(海关).I telephoned him, but I just couldn’t get through to him.She felt so cold that she got close to her mother.It’s time we got down to work.The theatre was already full, and we couldn’t get in.The peasants are busy getting in the crops.We didn’t get up until lunch time.He got up and walked over to the window.（9）give短语：
give away 赠送，给予，背弃，泄露，分发
give back 归还，送回
give in 投降，让步，屈服
give off 释放，发出，放出(烟、光、热等)give out 用完，耗尽，分发，发放
give over = hand over 转交，移交
give up 放弃，辞去
give a description of… 描述…… give a talk 演讲，做报告
give close attention to 密切关注
give shade in summer 夏天时遮阳
give a concert 开音乐会
give / make a speech 演讲，讲话 give birth to 生婴儿，生产，造成
give medical care to sb 对某人进行治疗 give / lend sb a hand 给某人帮助
give sb a message = give a message to sb 给某人捎个口信 give sb a second look 再看某人一眼
give sb a warm welcome 热烈欢迎某人 give sb some advice on sth / doing sth / how to do sth 就……向某人提出建议/忠告 例如：
In those days, he used to give away a part of his income to help his friend.Remember not to give it away to anyone else;it’s a secret.Both sides argued with reason, and neither would give in.If they are burned, they will give off poisonous gases.When they made ready to climb the next ridge(山脊), they found that their oxygen had given out.Our English teacher is giving out the test papers.Both the man and the horse gave out after the long ride.All hope of finding the missing aircraft was given up and the search stopped.Mary had to give up her job after her marriage.Mr Black will give us a talk on how to learn English well this afternoon.Could you give us some advice on reading? If you won’t have it changed, please give my money back.（10）go短语：
go abroad 出国
go about 四处走走，开始做，着手干
go about from house to house 挨/逐家拜访 go against 违反，违背 go ahead 说吧，干吧，领先，走在前面
go / walk around 四处走走
go away 走开，离去
go beyond 超越
go back 回去
go by 走过，经过，（时间）消逝，过去
go down 下来，落下，倒下
go down on one’s knees 跪下
go for 为……去，努力获取，主张，适用于
go for a hike = go hiking 去徒步旅行
go for a job interview 去面试找工作
go for sb 对某人也一样
go into 详细调查
go off 走开，离去，（闹钟）闹响
go for a walk / walks 散步
go in for 参加，喜欢
go into details 细说
go off to = be off to = leave for 动身去
go off the air 停止广播（比较：go on the air 开始广播）
go on 发生，进行，继续
go / be on diet 在节食
go on(a)holiday 去度假
go on a visit to 去……访问（参观）
go on a tour to 去……观光（游览）go on doing sth 继续做某事（同一事）
[比较：go on to do sth 继续做某事（另一事）
go on with sth 继续某事] go out 熄灭，出去，外出
go over 复习，过一遍，仔细检查，审阅
go past 从……的旁边过去
go up 上升，上涨，增长，攀登 go with… 与……相配
go without 忍受没有……之苦，没有……也行，没有……也能勉强应付
go shopping / fishing / sailing / camping / skating 去购物/钓鱼/驾船航行/宿营/滑冰
go straight along 沿着……一直往前走
go through 通过，经受，浏览，仔细检查 go through with 完成go to bed（上床）睡觉 go to sea 当水手
go to town 进城
go to school / work 上学/上班 go to sleep 入睡 go to a movie 去看电影 go home / there 回家/去那儿 go bad 变坏
go to the country(side)下乡
go to see a doctor 去看病，去看医生
go wrong 出毛病，不对头，做错事，误入歧途 go Dutch 各付各的帐，平摊费用 例如：
No one dared to go against the rules.—Do you mind if I open the window? / Do you mind my opening the window? —No, go ahead.I went away /off wondering if I’d said anything wrong.I’m afraid the fish has gone bad.Things will get easier as time goes by.He went by quickly, taking no notice of us.If you really want the job, go for it!Close all the doors and lock them when you go out.The same goes for windows.I go in for all the competitions.After a short pause, Maria went on with her story.Suddenly the candle went out.Once again I went over exactly what I needed to say.Let’s go over what we learned last period.Do you want me to go through this and check your spellings? Unemployment in that country has gone up by a million.It is possible to go without food for a few days.Something’s gone wrong with my watch;I must have it repaired.（11）have短语：
have a break 休息一下
have a bright future 有一个灿烂的未来
have(got)a cold / cough / headache / fever 感冒/咳嗽/头疼/发烧 have a conversation with sb 与某人交谈
[比较：have a dialogue with sb 与某人对话
have a talk with sb(about sth)（就某事）与某人进行交流
have a word with sb = would like a word with sb 和某人谈几句，跟某人说句话]
have a gift for… 对……有天赋（比较：have a reputation for… 有……名誉/名声）have a good flight（坐飞机）旅途愉快
have a good knowledge of … 对……很熟悉，通晓…… have a good laugh over… 对……笑了个够
have a good / great / wonderful time = have(great)fun 玩得（非常）高兴，过得愉快 have a / the habit of …= be in a / the habit of… 有……的习惯（比较：get into / form the habit of… 养成……的习惯
get sb into the habit of… 使某人养成……的习惯）have a hit 风靡一时
have a large population 人口众多 have / take a look 看一看
have a meeting / party 开会/举行晚会 have a nice / pleasant trip / journey 祝旅途愉快
have(got)a pain(in the…)（身体某部位）痛 have a part-time job 做兼职工作
have a(good)rest 休息 have / take a seat 坐下（比较：have / take one’s seat 坐某人的座位）have a stomachache 胃疼，肚子疼
have a sweet tooth 喜欢吃甜食 have a swim 游泳
have a table tennis match 举行一场乒乓球比赛
have a test 进行测验
have a try 试一试
have / show an appetite for… 有……的欲望或爱好
have / make an appointment with sb 和某人有预约, 和某人有约定 have an effect on / upon… 对……有影响，对……产生作用（比较：influence… = affect … 对……有影响
have no effect / influence on … 对……没有影响
have a good / bad effect on … 对……有好/坏影响
have a great / little effect on … 对……有很大的影响/影响不大 have a strong influence on… 对……有很大影响）
have / take an exam 参加考试
have an income of … 有……的收入
have an eye for 有眼力，有眼光
have access to … 使用（接近……的）权利或机会
have breakfast / lunch / supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭 have lessons / classes 上课
have mercy on… 宽恕……，对……仁慈，对……表示怜悯
have no chance of surviving 没有生存的可能性
have no choice but to do sth 别无选择，只好做某事 have none of … 根本不理睬……
have on 穿着
have sth on sb 某人身上带着某物
have / take one’s medicine 服药，吃药 have some difficulty / trouble / problems with … 在……有困难/麻烦事
[比较：have some difficulty / trouble / problems(in)doing sth 做某事有困难/麻烦]
have something / nothing in common(with…)（与……）有共同点／没有共同之处
（比较：have much / a lot in common with… 与……有许多相同之处
have little in common with… 与……几乎没有相同之处）
have something / nothing to do with … 与……有关／无关 have to = have got to 不得不，必须
例如：
Class is over.Let’s have a break.I’ve got a cough.Dad and I had a good laugh over that.They are having a good time.He stopped to have a look.We are going to have a table tennis match tomorrow afternoon.Are we going to have a meeting this week? Here is a tree.Let me have a rest.Are you going to have a swim？ We’ll have a test tomorrow.Where is Peter? I want to have a word with him.Does she have lunch at home？
Then it has no choice but to lie down and sleep.He knew about the order, he knew why the soldiers were there, but he would have none of it.We have four lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon.Most of his questions have nothing to do with his lessons.I noticed that he had on bedroom slippers.Please come here and have my seat, Granny.He hasn’t had any medicine.At three fifty in the afternoon we have sports.（12）hold短语：
hold a meeting / party 开会/举行晚会
hold back 退缩，踌躇，阻挡，控制住 hold one’s breath 屏息，不出气
hold on 等一等，不要挂电话
hold on to 抓住，保住
hold out 伸出，坚持下去，维持 hold up 阻挡，使停顿，举起，拿起，阻滞
hold together 连在一起，团结一致
例如：
Anger flooded through her.She couldn’t hold it back.—Could I speak to Mr Smith? —Hold on, please.The little boy held out his hands.I think water supplies won’t hold out much longer.Sorry, I’m late.I was held up at work.（13）keep短语：
keep away from 避开，别靠近
keep back 隐瞒，忍住，阻止……向前，留下
keep down 控制
keep off 勿踏，勿踩
keep off sb / sth 不接触或不接近某人/某事物
keep on 继续进行
keep out 不得入内
keep…out 把……挡住，把……留在外面keep out of … 不进入……
keep up 继续，保持，坚持，使（情绪等）不低落
keep up with… = catch up with… 跟上，赶上
keep a date 赴约
keep a healthy diet 保持健康的饮食 keep a record / records 保持记录
keep an eye on 注视，留心，注意，照顾（比较：keep an eye out for 注视，留心，注意）
keep busy doing 忙着做某事
keep fit 保持健康
keep…in mind = learn…by heart = remember… 把……记住 keep(on)doing sth 继续不停地做某事
[比较：keep sb doing sth 使某人一直/继续做某事
keep … from doing 阻止……做，不让……做
stop / prevent…(from)doing 妨碍/预防/阻止……做，不让……做]
keep one’s appointment 守约（比较：break one’s appointment 违约）keep one’s balance 保持平衡
keep one’s word(s)遵守诺言
keep safe 保持安全
keep the same look 保持原貌 例如：
keep silent over … 对……保持沉默 keep watch 保持警戒，站岗
I would have been here sooner, but the rainstorm kept me back.Every week there was a rebellion（造反）somewhere, and the Austrian soldiers were kept busy hurrying from one town to another in order to put down the rebellions.While Leonov was outside the ship, he kept in touch by telephone with his companion and with the earth.He kept on telling us the same story over and over.You may depend on his doing what he says, for he is a person who always keeps his words.Danger!Keep out!Will this overcoat keep the rain out? It is also bad manners to keep silent when the teacher asks you a question.The rain kept up all night.I see you are getting along well with your English studies.Keep up the good work.The good news keeps our spirits up.He walked so fast that I could hardly keep up with him.Every few hundred meters along the wall there are watch-towers, where soldiers used to keep watch.There is a sign there saying, “Keep off the grass.”（14）knock短语：
knock at /on 敲打（门、窗等）
knock down 把……撞倒，击倒 knock into 撞到，撞上某人，偶然碰见 knock sb out(of sth)淘汰某人
撞倒
例如：
We knocked at / on the door but there was no one there.He was in hospital last night after being knocked down by a car.Tom entered the classroom hurriedly and knocked into Mr.White.He almost knocked into me before he realized it.If no one answers the front door, try knocking at the back door.（15）look短语：
look at 看着，注视，检查
look at oneself in the mirror = admire oneself in the mirror 照镜子 look after 照顾，照料，照看
look ahead 向前看，展望未来 look around / about 四处看看，四下环顾 look back 回首，回忆，回顾过去
look back on… 回顾……，回忆……
look forward to sth /doing sth 盼望，期盼某事物/做某事 look for 寻找，找
look in 来访，参观 look into… 往……里面看，浏览，调查，研究 look(right)into sb’s eyes 直视着
look like… 看起来像……（比较：look the same 看起来像）look on 旁观，观望
look out = be careful = take care 留神，当心，注意，警惕，提防 look out for 警惕，留心，找出来
look over… 翻阅，（仔细）检查 look through 看透，仔细查看，浏览，翻阅，温习look up 仰视，往上看，（在字典或参考书中）查阅，查寻
look up to sb 敬仰，仰望，尊敬（比较：look down on / upon sb 瞧不起，鄙视，轻视）look / be worried 看上去/感到担心
knock over 撞翻，例如：
The boy is old enough to look after himself.He spent two weeks in Shanghai, looking around / about the city.We are looking forward to hearing from you soon.Join us.Don’t just look on.They all looked on him as a member of their family.Look out!There is danger ahead.I shall look out that I don’t trust him again.He looked through his notes before writing the report.Look through these photographs and try to pick out the man you see.I must look up the time of your train.A fox came to the tree and looked up at the cock.I’ve always looked up to Bill for his courage and determination.（16）make短语：
make into 制成，作成（后面跟产品，制成品）
[比较：be made in 在……生产/制造
be made of 由……组成/构成，用某种原材料制成（物理变化）
be made from 由……组成/构成，用某种原材料制成（化学变化）be made up of = consist of 由……组成，由……构成] make out 理解，看清楚
make up 化妆，打扮，和解，配制，编造，虚构，构成，组成 make up for 弥补，补充，补偿
made up one’s mind 下决心 make a choice 做出选择
make a commitment 承诺，保证 make a comment / comments(on / upon…)（对……）发表评论
make a(great)contribution to… 为……做出（巨大）贡献，为……捐款 make a decision 做出决定
make a(no)difference（没）有关系/影响 make a face / faces 扮鬼脸
make a fire 生火
make a film / blockbuster／follow-ups 拍电影/巨片／续集
make a fool of sb = fool sb 愚弄某人（比较：make fool of … 愚弄）make / leave / create a good impression(on sb)（给某人）留下好印象 make a mistake / mistakes 犯错误
make(a)noise 制造噪音，发出令人不愉快的声音 make a note / notes of… 记录，做笔记，记下来
make a plan(for…)（为……）制订计划，制订一个（……的）计划 make a point of doing sth 认为做某事重要或有必要 make a promise 承诺
make a record 录制唱片，做记录（比较：record a song 录一首歌
set a world record 创造世界记录）
make(a)suggestion(on …)提出（关于……）的建议
make a telephone call 打电话
make conversation 交谈
make / take a trip / journey to … 去某地旅行
make(both)ends meet 使收支相抵 make fun of… 取笑，嘲笑，和……开玩笑 make friends with sb 与某人交朋友
make it（事业上）获得成功
make jokes about sb 拿某人开玩笑，以某人为笑柄
make mistake about… 犯了……错误
make / earn money 挣钱 make oneself at home 不拘束，别客气 make oneself known 使/让自己出名 make one’s way to… 往……走去 make progress(in …)（在……方面）取得进步 make sense 有意义，有道理，讲得通 make sense of… 弄懂……的意思 make sth to(one’s own)measure（按自己的尺寸）定做
make sure 确保，确认，查明
make the adjustment to… 适应……
make the / one’s bed 整理床铺 make(full)use of …= make the most / best of …(充分)利用 例如：
Bamboo is also made into paper.Our desks and chairs are made of wood.The paper for books and newspapers also is made from wood.This engine is made up of 490 parts.The actor made himself up for the part of an old man.These days many girls make up when they are still quite young.She made up a good lunch from bits and pieces.There isn’t any little girl called Kitty here.He has just made her up.Hard work can often make up for lack of intelligence.Everyone should make full use of time.But wait till you see what we’ll make for you to your own measure.I have made up my mind, and nothing you say will change it.They made fun of my mistakes when I tried to speak English.（17）pass短语：
pass away 去世，死（委婉说法）
pass by 通过，从旁边经过 pass down 传下来，流传，使世代相传，一代一代传下去
pass on(to sb)转交给(某人)，传给(某人)pass on from one generation to the next 一代代流传下来 pass out 失去知觉，昏厥
pass through 穿过，越过 pass sth from one to another 把某事物从一人传到另一人手上
pass the examination 通过考试 例如：
Dr Johnson passed away last night.They all waved to us as they passed by.The tradition has been passed down from father to son for generations.She said she’d pass the message on to the other students.I nearly passed out when I saw the blood.（18）pay短语：
pay attention to … 对……注意，留心……
pay a visit to sb / a place 访问，拜访（某人），参观（某地）
pay back 偿还（借款），报答，报复
pay for 付款，付费，付代价（比较：pay a high price for … 付高价）pay off 还清（欠款）
pay sb a visit 拜访某人 pay the bill 买单，付帐单 例如：
He promised to pay the money back by Friday.The old in our city don’t need to pay for transport.After ten years of hard work he paid off all his debts at last.（19）pick短语：
pick out 挑选，认出
pick up 拾起，接收，学会（语言），开车去接，康复，购买（便宜商品）
例如：
His story was picked out as the best by the judges.The phone rang and I picked it up.I’ll pick you up at the station.I managed to pick up an American news broadcast.After a short break they picked up the topic they talked about earlier.I picked up the unusual stamp by accident.I picked up a few words of Greek when I was there last year.（20）put短语：
put away 将某物收拾起来，存钱，储存，存起来 put down 扑灭，平息，镇压，记下
put forward 提出，建议，推荐
put off 延期，拖延
put on（戏）上演，放（唱片），穿戴
put on a performance 演出 put out 扑灭，熄灭，使……停止燃烧，伸出，出版，生产 put up 挂起，张贴，举起，抬起，搭起，建立
put up with 忍受，容忍
put into 使进入，输入，投入 put one’s heart into… 全神贯注于…… put …to use 使用……，运用……
put／translate…into 把……译成 put sb in / into prison 把某人关进监狱 put a date to sth 注明日期
（比较：set / fix the date 确定日期
to date 到目前为止）
put an end to … 结束……
例如：
put …together 把……放在一起
We put away the tools before we leave the workshop.All the medical workers in the region helped to put down the influenza epidemic（流感）.Never put off until tomorrow what you can do today.We are putting the play on again next week owing to its success.The firemen soon put the fire out.The doctor told me to put out my tongue.It’s time that we put up the Christmas decorations（装饰物）in the living room.Drop your weapons and put your hands up.Another supermarket has been put up near our house.I can’t put up with a lot of noisy people when I am working.The government is putting more money into education this year.As students, we should put our heart into studies.（21）send短语：
send away 让走开
send for sb 派人去请某人，请某人来 send in 寄送某处进行处理
send out 派遣，发出（信号、通知等）
send up 发射，射出，往上送
send signals by … 通过……发送信号 例如：
Get back into bed.I’ll send for the doctor.send sb to sleep 让某人睡觉 The ship is in danger;it is sending out an SOS signal.The rocket will be sent up tomorrow morning.（22）set短语：
set about(doing)sth 着手，开始
set aside 留出，搁/放在一边
set down 放下，记下
set off 出发，起程，引起爆炸，激起，引起 set out(for…)出发往（……），动身去（……）set out to do 开始做，着手做
set up 创立，设立，开办，竖起，支起
set /give a(good)example to… 为……树立（好）榜样
set a goal 设定目标
set fire to sth = set sth on fire 纵火，放火烧 set foot on / in… 踏上……，到达，进入 set one’s mind to do sth 一心想做 set sail for 起航去……
set sail from 从……起航
set sb a good example in … 在……为某人树立榜样 set sb free 释放某人，解放某人
例如：
As soon as she arrived, she set about tidying up（整理）the room.Try to set aside some time each day for exercise.They’ve set off on a trip round the world.Together the four men set out to look for the lost animal.He set out to write a history of civilization（文明）.We’ll certainly set up a complete modern industrial system.A few scarecrows（稻草人）were set up in the field.Let’s set up the tent first, and build the fire later.The police are trying to find out who set fire to the building last night.He was set free after three years in prison.Comrade Lei Feng set a good example to us all.（23）stand短语：
stand by sb = support sb = take sb’s side 支持某人
stand for 代表，表示，象征，容忍，支持/拥护，为……的候选人
stand out 突出，显眼
stand up 起立，站起来
stand still = stay still 站着不动 例如：
CPC stands for the Communist Party of China.Stand still, and let me take a picture of you.（24）take短语：
take after 与某人相像
take along 带领，携带
take … apart = separate … 把……分开
take away 拿走，拿去，使离开
take away from… 从……带／拿走
take back 退回，拿回，收回
take down 拿下，记下，记录
take for… 当作……，误以为是……
take in 吸收，接纳，上当
take off（飞机）起飞，脱掉（衣帽/鞋），成名，成功，很快上升，开始流行/畅销
take on 呈现
take over 继承，接管，接替
take out 拿出，取出
take up 从事，开始，专注于，占去（时间、空间、地位等）take a bank loan 向银行贷款
take a bath 洗澡
take a chance / chances 碰运气，冒险
take a critical attitude towards… 对……持批判态度
take a few deep breaths 深呼吸
take / have a degree in … 取得……学位 take a hands-on approach to education 通过动手实践的方式来进行接受教育 take a message(to sb)（给某人）捎个口信
比较：leave a message(to sb)（给某人）留个口信
take a photo(of …)（给……）照相，拍（……）照片 take a risk / risks 冒险
take a shower 沐浴，洗澡 take a sip 呡一小口
take a taxi to...= go to...by taxi 乘出租车
take a walk / ride / holiday 散步／兜风／休假 take(an)interest in … 对……感兴趣
（比较：be into = be interested in 对……感兴趣 have / show interest in 对……感兴趣）
take advantage of 对……加以利用
take … by surprise 对……突然袭击，出乎……意料 take care 小心, 注意
take effect 生效，奏效
take care of 照顾，照看
take exercise 运动，活动
take … for example 以……为例
take / get / catch hold of 握住，抓住 take it easy 放心好了，别着急，从容，不紧张 take...into consideration 顾及，考虑到，体谅
（比较：under consideration 在考虑中，在研究中）take lessons 上课
take notes 做笔记，做记录
take notice of 注意
take one’s seat 就座，坐在自己位子上（转义为就职）
take one’s time 从容，不急，慢慢行动 [比较：take time 花费（时间）] take part 参加
（比较：take part in… = join in… = participate in… 参加……
take an active part in… 积极参加……）
take place 发生，出现，举行
[比较：take the place of … = take sb’s place 取代，代替（某人的位臵）] take pride in …= be proud of… 对……感到自豪
take responsibility for … = be responsible for … 对……负起责任 take sb in the arms 拥抱，搂抱
take / hold / keep sb prisoner 囚禁/俘虏某人
（比较：sb be taken / held / kept prisoner 某人被囚禁/俘虏）take sb seriously 看重某人
take sb some time to do sth 花费某人……时间去做某事 take sb’s temperature 给某人量体温
take shelter 躲避
take sth along with sb 随身携带某物
take sides with sb in sth 在某事上支持/偏袒某人
take steps / measures / action to do sth 采取措施做某事，采取（……的）行动 take turns to do sth / in doing sth 轮流做某事 例如：
I’m sorry.I’ll take back what I said.Take care!The car is coming.My plane takes off at 11:00 sharp.We can’t have such a big table in this small room.It takes up too much room.（25）think短语：
think about 思考，考虑（是否去做）
think of 想到，想起，认为，对……有看法/想法 think out 想出
think over 仔细考虑
think through… 思考……直到得出结论 think up 提出，想出，设计出
think twice 再三考虑，仔细考虑
think highly / well of = speak highly of = sing high praise for 对……高度评价 例如：
I’m sorry.I can’t think out your name.When I was in the States, I often thought of my friend Li Hua.Think it over, and you’ll find a way.（26）turn短语：
turn against 转而反对，背叛
turn around / round 转身，转过来
turn … away 赶走……，辞退……，把……打发走
turn on 打开（灯，气，水，电器等）turn off 关掉（灯，气，水，电器等）
turn up 把音量开大，卷起，翻起，发生，出现，到达 turn down 关小/调低（音量／热度），拒绝 turn over 把……翻过来，翻动，犁翻（土地），细想 turn in 交进，上缴，归还
turn into 变成 turn…into… 把……变成……，转变成 turn out 结果是，生产
turn right / left 向右/向左拐 例如：
Those who were once for him have turned against him.Turn in everything captured（缴获的）.I’m going to turn my garage into a playroom for the children.Be sure to turn off the lights when you leave the room.Shall I turn on the bath water for you? He turned the meat over in the pan（平底锅）.They always turn to me when they are in trouble.His attention turned to the pretty young girl.Turn the radio down a little.I can scarcely hear the program.He turned the coat collar（衣领）up because of the wind.Something will turn up to get you out of the difficulty.turn to… 转向……，向……求助，查阅 turn out to be 被证明是, 结果是
turn writer = become a writer 成为作家
2．以介词或副词为中心的动词短语（便于强化记忆）
（l）动词+about
speak／talk about 谈论
think about 思考
care about 关心，对……有兴趣
bring about 引起，使发生 set about 着手，开始 come about 发生
hear about 听说
worry about 为……担心（2）动词+at
aim at 向……瞄准，旨在 run at 冲向，向……攻击 call at 拜访(地点)tear at 用力撕 look at 看，注视
work at 干……活动（研究）come at 向……袭击 shout at 冲(某人)嚷嚷
stare at 凝视 glare at 怒视
glance at 匆匆一瞥 laugh at 嘲笑
knock at 敲（门、窗等）point at 指向
smile at 冲（某人）笑 strike at 向……打击
shoot at 向……射击
wonder at 惊讶
（3）动词+away die away 逐渐消失
put away 收拾起来，存起来
pass away 去世 wash away 冲走
take away 拿走
give away 背弃，泄漏
send away 让走开
turn away 把……打发走
wear away 磨掉，消耗 throw away 扔掉 blow away 吹走
carry away 拿走，使入迷 clear away 清除掉，消散
break away 摆脱
（4）动词+back
keep back 隐瞒，忍住 hold back 控制住 give back 归还
call back 回电话
take back 拿回，收回
look back(on)回顾
（5）动词+down cut down 削减，砍倒
put down 记下，写下，镇压 take down 记下，记录 turn down 调小，拒绝
slow down 慢下来 pass down 传下来 calm down 平静下来
burn down 烧毁
tear down 拆毁，拆除
come down 下落，传下
break down 坏了，垮了，分解
bring down 使……降低，使倒下
settle down 安家（6）动词+from die from 因……而死 hear from 收到……来信 learn from 向……学习differ from 与……不同 suffer from 受……苦
result from 由于
separate…from 把……分离开
keep／stop／prevent…from 不让……做
date from=date back to 始于……时期，追溯到
（7）动词+for run for 竞选
ask for 要求得到
beg for 乞求
wait for 等候
look for 寻找
call for 需要，要求 hunt for 寻找
long for 渴望 care for 关心，喜欢 seek for 寻找
come for 来拿，来取
apply for 申请
stand for 代表，表示
search for 查找
change…for 用……换 charge…for 收费，要价
take…for 误以为……是
hope/wish for 希望得到
（8）动词十in get in 收获，进入
fill in 填写 cut in 插入
join in 参加
look in 来访，参观 hand in 上交 drop in 拜访 give in 让步
take in 接纳，吸收 call in 召集，来访
bring in 引进，使得到收入 break in 强制进入，插话 result in 导致
succeed in 在……获成功 persist in 坚持
（9）动词十into run into 碰到
look into 研究，调查，往里面看
burst into 闯入，进发 turn into 变成
change…into 把……变成 divide…into 把……分成 put／translate…into 把……译成（l0）动词+of die of 死于
talk of 谈到 hear of 听说
think of 想到
dream of 梦到
speak of 谈到
consist of 由……组成
approve of 赞成 complain of 抱怨
become of 发生……情况，怎么啦（l1）动词+out go out 熄灭 set out 出发，着手 try out 试用，试验 put out 扑灭 run out 用完
let out 泄漏，发出(声音)pick out 选出
hold out 坚持下去
wear out 穿破，使……疲劳 make out 理解，看清楚 keep out(of)使不进入，挡住 find out 查出，弄明白 work out 算出，想出办法等 send out 发出，派遣 give out 散发，分发，用完 look out 当心，提防 hand out 散发，分发 help out 救助 turn out 结果是，生产 come out 出版，出来 cross out 划掉 burst out 进发 carry out 执行 break out 爆发 point out 指出 figure out 算出
bring out 阐明，使表现出 leave out 省略，删掉 speak out 大胆讲出（l2）动词+over go over 审阅，检查，研究 get over 克服
run over 压死，看一遍 take over 接管，接替 turn over 翻倒，细想 fall over 跌倒，摔倒 roll over 翻滚 look over 翻阅，检查 think over 仔细考虑 watch over 看守，照看（l3）动词十to add to 增添
get to 到达
see to 处理，料理
turn to 向……求助，查阅 come to 共计，苏醒 lead to 导致，通向 reply to 答复
refer to 谈到，涉及，参阅 bring to 使苏醒 agree to 同意
object to 反对 point to 指向
write to 写信给
relate to 理解，同情，涉及，（与……）有关 attend to 处理 belong to 属于
supply…to 为……提供
devote…to 贡献给
stick／hold／keep to 坚持，忠于 compare…to 与……相比，把……比作（l4）三词以上的短语动词 do well in 在……干得好 make up for 弥补 look down on / upon 轻视 break away from 摆脱
keep away from 避开，别靠近
do away with 废除
put up with 忍受
catch up with = keep up with 赶上 fill up with 用……装满 go on with 继续
get on / along with 和……相处 look forward to 盼望 look up to 仰望，尊敬 add up to 总计
live up to 依据……行事；做到；不辜负（期望）get close to 接近
get down to 认真开始 set fire to 放火烧 pay attention to 注意 pay a visit to 访问
take / get / catch hold of 握住 run out of 用完 get out of 逃避，避免 take notice of 注意 take a photo of 拍……照片 take the place of 取代
set an example to 为……树立榜样
3、其他常用短语（按字母表顺序）
（1）Aa a balance diet 均衡饮食
a best-seller 畅销书
a bit = a little = a little bit 少许，一点儿，有点儿，稍微 a bit of 一点，少量（修饰不可数名词）
[ 比较：a few 一些，少量（修饰可数名词）
a great deal of 许多（修饰不可数名词）
a great / good many = scores of 许多，大量（修饰可数名词）a handful of 一把，少量的，少数（修饰可数或不可数名词）a large / great amount of = large amounts of 许多（修饰不可数名词）
a large quantity of = large quantities of 许多（修饰可数或不可数名词）a lot of = lots of 许多（修饰可数或不可数名词）
a mass of = masses of 大量，许多（修饰可数或不可数名词）
a(large / great)number of = large / huge numbers of 大量的，许多（修饰可数名词）
plenty of 大量的，很多，足够的（修饰可数或不可数名词）
a bunch of flowers 一束花
a cloud of 一团 a couple of 一对/双，两三个，一些，几个 a couple of days / weeks 两三天/周a cup of 一杯 a day or two = one or two days 一两天 a deserted island 荒岛 a healthy diet = a diet of healthy food(s)健康的饮食 a highly-developed country 高度发达的国家
a kind of 一种，一类
a laid-off worker 下岗工人 a large sum of money 一大笔钱
a list of 一张……的清单
a natural disaster 自然灾害 a pair of 一双，一副
a row of 一排，一行
a set of 一套，一副
a length of … 长……
a live concert 现场直播的音乐会
a packet of 一盒，一捆，一包
a piece of 一件，一块，一张
a series of 一系列的，一连串，一套 a shortage of teachers 教师资源的缺乏
a total failure 一个彻底的失败者 a two-day trip 一次两天的旅行
a third of = one third of 三分之一 a total of 总数（量）为
a variety of = varieties of = various 种种的，种类繁多的
a waste of(time)白费(时间)，浪费(时间)a man of name 知名人士
a world of magic and wonders 充满魔力和神奇的世界 after all 毕竟，终究
after a time 一段时间以后
after a short while 不久以后，没多久 after class / work / school 下课/下班/放学之后 all at once = all of a sudden 突然，忽然 all in all 总共，总的来说 all night long 整夜，通宵
all over 到处，遍及，结束
all alone = all by oneself 独自，独立
all day = all day long 全天，终日
all kinds / sorts of 各种各样的 all one’s life 终身，一生
all over the world / country = throughout the world / country 整个世界/全国
all right 好吧，行了，（病）好了 all the same 一样，同样的all the best 祝一切顺利，万事如意
all the time 一直
all the way 一路上，一直
all together 一起，总共
all(the)year round = all through the year= throughout the year 一年四季，一年到头 an invitation to… 一张……的请柬/请贴 an expert on … ……方面的专家 as a consequence / result 结果，因此
as a consequence / result of 作为（……的）结果，由于……的结果 as a whole 普遍来说，作为整体
as … as 像，如同
as … as possible = as…as one can 尽可能……地
as far as（表示程度，范围）就/尽……（=so far as），远至
as far as I know 就我所知，据我所知 as follows如下（用以列举事项）
as if = as though 好像，似乎，仿佛（比较：even if = even though 虽然，即使，尽管）as long as 只要（= so long as引导条件状语从句），长达
as much / many as 多达
as soon as possible 尽快，尽可能早地
as soon as 一……就……
as to / for 至于，关于，就……而言
as usual 像往常一样
as well 也/还有(= too)，同样地，例外 as well as = together with = and 也，以及，和，还，而且 as with...也一样，就像……
at all 根本（否定句），到底（疑问句），竟然（条件从句）at a loss 茫然，不知所措
at an early age 年轻时 at any moment / time 随时
[ 比较：after a moment = after a while / minute 过了一会儿
a moment ago = just now 刚才，不久以前
a moment later 片刻之后 at the moment = at the time 此刻，现在，在那时
at the very moment 就在那一刹那
for a moment = for a while / minute 一会儿
for the moment = for the time being 暂时，目前
in a moment = in a while /minute / second 过一会儿，立刻，马上 the moment / minute(that)...一……就 ……]
at any risk 不顾一切
[比较：at risk 处于危险中
at the risk of(doing sth)冒着（可能做某事）的危险
take / run a risk / risks 冒险
risk one’s life(to do sth)冒着生命危险（做某事）
risk doing sth 冒险做某事）] at birth 出生时，一生下来就 at hand近在手边，在附近
at breakfast 在吃早饭
at home 在家
at last 终于，最后 at midnight 在半夜 at noon 在中午
(at)home and abroad 在国内外
at length 最后，终于，详细地
at night 在夜里，天黑时
at once = right away = right now 马上，立即 at one go 一口气
at present = at the present time 现在, 目前 at sea 在海上，航海中，茫然（比较：by sea 乘船
by the sea 在海边
in the sea 在海里
on the sea 在海面上）
at stake 在危险中
at such a great height 在如此高的高度 at table 在吃饭（比较：at the table 在桌前）
at times 偶尔，有时
（比较：at that time 那时
at the same time = meanwhile 同时
at the correct / wrong / best time of year 在一年里合适/不合适/最佳时候）at various academic levels 不同的学术层次
at war 处于战争/交战状态
at work 忙于工作
at the age of...在……岁的时候
at the art festival 在艺术节上，在艺术节期间 at the base 在底部
at the(very)beginning of...在……开始时，在……之初
at the bottom of 在……下端/底部
at the cost of 以……为代价 at the end of 在……末端，到……结束时 at the foot of 在……的脚下 at the head of 在……最前面 at the latest 最迟
at the front desk 在前台，在服务台
at a high /low price 以高/低价
at(the)least 至少 [比较：at(the)most 最多]
at the mercy of 任由……摆布/控制，在……的掌握中
at the opening /closing(ceremony)of...在……开/闭幕式上 at the rate of 以……的比率
at the side of 在……的旁边 at the speed of 以……速度（比较：at full / high speed 高速）at the top of one’s voice 大声地
at the weekend 在周末
accept … as… 认为……是……，承认……是……，把……当作…… [比较：regard … as… 认为……是
treat … as…把…… 当作
recognize … as… 认为……是……
view / see / know … as… 认为……是……
consider … as … / consider …(to be…)认为……是……
look on … as… 视……为
refer to … as… 把……视为
think of… as… / think …(to be…)认为……是……] accept sb’s apology 接受某人的道歉
accuse sb of sth / doing sth 指控某人为……/ 做某事 achieve one’s goal 达到目的 achieve success 获得成功 act as 担任，充当
adapt oneself to 使自己适应于
add to 增加，添加
add up 加起来
adjust to（调整以）适应
adapt to（改变以）适应
adapt to the new environment 适应新环境
add …to… 把……加到……上
add up to 总计达到
adjust to these extreme conditions 适应极限条件
admire sb as… 钦佩某人是……
admire sb for… 钦佩某人的……，因……钦佩某人 advance the deadline 提前最后期限
advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事
advance towards… 朝……前进
agree with sb / sb’s opinion / sb’s idea 同意某人（意见，看法），与某人看法一致 [ 比较：agree on sth 对……达成共识
agree to(the plan)同意（计划等）] aim at 向……瞄准，旨在，针对 answer for… 对……负责
allow for 顾及，为……做准备
apologize to sb(for sth)= make an apology to sb(for sth)（因某事）向某人道歉 appeal to 有吸引力，呼吁，上诉
appeal to their emotions 投合他们的喜好 apply for 申请，请求
apply to 应用，适用
appoint sb as… 任命某人当…… approve of 赞成 argue about 争论某事
argue with sb about sth 因某事和某人争执/争论
arrive in / at 到达某地
ask after sb 问候某人
ask for 要求得到
ask for a day off 请一天假 ask for a leave 请假
associate…with… 把……与……联系起来 attach to 加在……之上，使喜爱，使依恋，参加，附着 attempt to do sth 试图做某事 attend the meeting 出席会议
attend school / university 上学/上大学 attend to 处理，照顾，关照，倾听
attract / draw / call sb’s attention 吸引某人注意 above all 首要的是，尤其是
according to 根据 action film / movie 动作片
advanced mathematics 高等数学
again and again 一次又一次，一再，反复 against the wall 靠着墙
ahead of… 优于，超过，比……早，在……的前面 alarm clock 闹钟
along with… 和……一起 and so on 等等
another day 改天
and things like that ……之类的东西 any more 再，又apart from 除……都，除……以外
around the corner 在拐角处，即将来临
（比较：on the way = in store 即将来临
draw near 即将来临，就要来临，逼近）（2）Bb
be after 寻找，追踪，追求
be from 从……来，是……人 be off / leaving 离开
be out of 没有，用完
be up against 面对
be /act against 违背，违反，反对 be next to 在……隔壁，紧挨着…… be out（灯火）熄灭，（人）外出 be up 起床
be up to sb 由某人决定
be up to sth 忙于某事，从事于
be upon 逼近，临近be anxious about … 为……而忧虑/着急/担心
（比较：be anxious for … 渴望，非常希望
be concerned about / for… 为……而忧虑/着急/担心
be concerned about / with… 对……关切/关注/感兴趣）be careful about / of / with sth 注意，留意，当心 [比较：be careful(not)to do sth 小心（不）做某事] be clear about 对……清楚
be crazy about 对……着迷 be curious about = have the curiosity about 对……感到好奇
be excited about 对…… 感到兴奋 be amazed at 为……感到惊讶
be present at 出席
be particular about 对……挑剔 be experienced at 对……有经验
be shocked at 对……感到震惊
be common for 对……来说是很普通的
be eager for … = long for… = be dying for… 渴望得到……（比较：be eager to do sth 急着想做某事）be famous for 因……而闻名，由于……而出名（比较：be famous as 作为……而闻名
be famous to 对……来说很出名）
be fit for = be suitable for 适合
be good / bad for sb 对……有好处/坏处
（比较：be good at 善于……，擅长于……，在……方面做得好
be good to sb 对某人友好
do good to sb = do sb good 对某人有好处
do harm to sb = do sb harm = harm sb = be harmful to sb 对某人有害，伤害某人）
be honored for… 因……受到尊敬
be intended for 为了 be late for 迟到（比较：be late with sth 某事做得晚）be to blame for 因……受到责备
be carved in rock 被刻在岩石上
be caught in(a rain / a traffic jam / the earthquake)突然/偶然遇到（雨/交通堵塞/地震）be confident in 在……方面自信
be effective in 在……方面有效
be fluent in(a language)在（某一门语言）方面很流利
be lost in = lose oneself in 沉浸于，沉醉于be poor / low in 在……方面不足 be quick in mind and action 思维敏捷行动迅速
be rich / high in 在……方面丰富
be set in 以……为背景 be strong in heart and mind 意志坚强，头脑聪明
be trapped in 被困在……（比较：be trapped by 被……所困）
be afraid of = be terrified of 害怕，恐惧（比较：be afraid to do 害怕去做，不敢做）be ashamed of 为……感到羞愧/惭愧
be aware of 意识到，知道
be fond of = care for = like = enjoy 爱好，喜欢
be full of = be filled with 充满了，装满 be short of = be lacking in 缺乏，缺少 be uncertain of / about 对……没把握
be addicted to 沉溺于
be jealous of 嫉妒
be sure of / about 对……有把握 be accustomed to(doing)sth习惯于……
be loyal to = be faithful to = be devoted to 忠诚于 be opened to 向……开放
be reduced to 30% 减少到百分之30%（指最后的结果）
[比较：be reduced by 30% 减少了百分之30%（指与原来相对而言）] be similar to 与……相似，与……相像 be armed with 以……武装
be busy with sth 忙于某事
（比较：be busy doing sth 忙于做某事
be occupied with sth 忙于某事
be occupied in doing sth 忙于做某事）
be covered with / by 被……所覆盖
be crowded with 挤/塞满了…… be diagnosed with 被诊断为
be equipped with 具有，装有……设备，为……做好准备
be faced with 面临……，面对……
be fed up with 对……感到厌倦
be mean with 对……吝啬
be familiar with 对……很熟悉
be honest with 对……诚实
be angry with sb for sth 因某事生某人的气 be burdened with 为……所累
be pleased / satisfied with 对……感到满意
（比较：be content with 对……感到满意，满足于……
be content to do sth 愿意做某事）
be popular with 受到……的欢迎
be pressed with 被刻印/铸压上
be strict with sb 对某人严格要求（比较：be strict in sth 对某事严格要求）be surrounded with / by 被……围绕
be about to do sth 正要做某事
be delighted to do sth 高兴做某事
be determined to do = determine / decide to do sth 决心做……
be due to do sth 预定/到期应该做某事（比较：due to sth 因为/由于……）be forced to do sth 被迫做某事
be likely to do sth 很有可能做某事
be willing to do = like to do 愿意做某事 be absent from 缺席，旷课
be free to do sth 任意去做，悉听尊便
be supposed to do 被认为/被期望/应该做某事 be able to do 能，会
be asleep 睡着（比较：be awake 醒着）
be awarded a Nobel Prize 获得诺贝尔奖
be badly off 潦倒，贫困（比较：be well off 富有）be badly treated 受到虐待
be / become endangered 频临危险 be in contact with 与……有交往
（比较：make contact with 与……联络
lose / break contact with 与……失去联系
lose touch with = be out of touch with 与……失去联系
be in touch with = stay / keep in touch with 与……保持联系 get in touch with = get into contact with sb 与……取得联系 bring … into touch with 使……接触，使……认识
keep track of… 与……保持联系，了解……的动态，记录……）
be in possession of = take possession of 持有，拥有，占有，占领
be born 出生，出世（比较：be in sb’s possession = be in the possession of sb 被某人占有/拥有
come into sb’s possession 被某人占有/拥有）be in the charge of 在某人的掌管下，由某人经营/照顾（比较：be in charge of 掌管，管理，照顾）
be mentally disturbed 精神失常
be of benefit 有利的，有好处的be of(no)effect 有（无）效
be of different sizes / weights / shapes 大小不一/重量不同/形状各异（比较：be of the same size / weight / shape 大小/重量/形状相同）be of great importance / value 非常重要，有重要性
be of high / good quality 高质量的（比较：be of poor quality 质量糟糕的）be of(no)use 有（无）用
be stressed out 紧张的，有压力的 be well received 很受欢迎
be on good terms(with sb)与某人关系好 be upset 沮丧，伤心
be(well)worth doing（很）值得做
[比较：be worthy of sth / of being done / to be done 值得（做）……] by accident = by chance 偶然地, 碰巧，意外
by air / boat / bus / train 乘坐飞机/小船/公共汽车/火车 by and by 不久以后，逐渐地
by appointment 按约定 by choice 出于选择（比较：for choice 要选就选）
by day / night 白天/ 晚上
by fax 通过传真
by force 靠武力
by hand = with one’s hands 手工
by law 根据法律
by mail 通过邮寄
by means of(doing)sth 通过，借助于……手段（比较：by all means = in all ways 不惜一切
by no means = in no way 决不，一点也不
by this means = in this way 用这种方法）
by mistake = in error 由于错误或疏忽，错误地
by weight 按重量计算（比较：by the hour / day 按小时/天计算）by the end of 到……结束为止，到……底为止 by the nearest exit 从最近的出口出去
by the side of 在……附近
by the time 到……的时候（后接状语从句）by the way 顺便说，顺便问一下
[ 比较：by way of … 经由，经过, 通过……的方法
in a way = in one way = in some way 在某种程度上
in no way 决不, 一点也不 in the / sb’s way 挡道，妨碍
in this / that way 以这种/那种方式，这样／那样 in … way = in the way of 以……的方式 this / that way 这样/那样（直接做状语）
on one’s way here / there / home(adv.)在（到这里/去那里/回家）的路上 on one’s way to doing sth 即将做某事
on one’s way to someplace(n.)在去某地的路上 on the way 在路上，在来/去的行进中 on the way home 在回家的路上，即将来临 out of the way 不挡道
feel one’s way 摸索着道路（前进）
fight one’s way 挣扎着前进，经（奋斗或努力）开路或获得（某事物）
find one’s way to 设法找到去……的路 lose one’s way 迷路
make one’s way to 朝……走去 push one’s way 挤过去
struggle one’s way 艰难地行进] base on sth 以……为基础（比较：be based on / upon 以……为基础）beg for 乞求
become of 发生……情况，怎么啦 believe in 信赖，信任，信仰(真理，宗教，原则)，支持，赞成 bend over 弯腰，俯身
benefit from = profit by / from 从……吸取教训，从……中获益 blow away 吹走
blow the fire off 熄火，把火吹灭
blow out 吹灭
brush one’s teeth 刷牙
build up 逐步建立，增进，增加，加强，扩大
burden sb / oneself with sth 加负担于某人 / 自己 burn down 烧毁，烧成平地
burn down… to the ground 把……烧成平地 burn up 消耗，烧掉
burst into 闯入，突然破门而入 burst into sth = burst out doing 迸发，突然而猛烈地产生某种情况（比较：burst into laughter = burst out laughing 突然大笑起来
burst into tears 眼泪夺眶而出
burst into cheers 突然欢呼）
burst out(doing)迸发出来，突然开始（做）
bed time 就寝时间
Beijing Opera 京剧
before long 不久以后（比较：long before 很久以前）belong to sb / sth 属于某人/某事 below / above zero 零度以下/上 body building 健美
boiled water 开水
business hours 营业时间
but for 如果不是，倘若不是
body language 身势语
both … and … 两个都，既……又…… bus station / stop 汽车站/公共汽车站
Better late than never.迟做总比不做好。
（3）Cc calculate the distance between… 计算出……的距离
calm down平静，镇定
can’t help but do sth 忍不住做某事 can’t help doing sth 禁不住做某事，情不自禁做某事
carbon dioxide 二氧化碳
care about 对……感兴趣，关心，担心
card games 纸牌游戏
（比较：care for 喜欢，关怀，照顾，照料
care for sb to do sth 愿意某人做
care to do sth 愿意做）
carry away 拿走，使入迷
carry on 继续进行，坚持下去
carry off 夺走，携走
carry on research 进行研究
carry out(an experiment / a plan / an order / a survey)开展或执行（实验/计划/命令/调查）cast away 抛弃
catch a glimpse of 瞥见 catch fire = be on fire 着火，开始燃烧
catch / find sb doing sth 发现/发觉某人正在做某事
cause damage to… 对……造成破坏
cell phone 移动电话，手机 centre on / upon… 将……当做重点或中心（比较：centre / concentrate / fasten / fix / focus one’s attention on 把注意力集中于）chain stores 连锁店
change A for B 用A换B change A into B 把A变成B，把A转换成B change one’s mind 改变主意
charge… for 收费，要价
charge sth with… 使某事物充满……（情感）（比较：be charged with 充满……）
chat on line 网上聊天
check in 登记，报到 check out 查明，核查，结帐
check information 审核情况
cheer sb on 为某人加油
cheer sb up 使某人高兴起来，使某人振作起来 chemical factory 化工厂
child laborer 童工
Christmas card / tree / Eve 圣诞卡/树/前夕 classical music 古典音乐 classify … into … 把……分类成…… clean out 清除，打扫干净 clear away 清除掉，消散，清除打扫，整理
clear up 打扫卫生，梳理整齐，（天气）放晴，露出喜悦的表情 close friends 密友
close up（尤指暂时）关闭，使靠近
close down 倒闭 close to 靠近，接近
commit the / a combine…with… 把……和……结合起来 comment on / upon… 对……进行评论 crime 犯罪
common sense 常识，情理
communicate sth to sb 使某事物被人知晓，传送某事物给某人
communicate with… 与……交流/联络 compare notes 交换意见，交流看法 compare … to… 把……比作…
compete against… 与……相对抗
compete in 参加（竞赛）
compare with … 与……相比
compete for… 为……而竞争
compete with… 与……竞争/比赛
computer / video games 电子游戏 complain of 抱怨……
congratulate sb on sth 祝贺某人某事
connect to 连接，相连（比较：be connected to 与……有关系）
connect with … 与……相连接
contribute to 有利于，贡献，捐款给，为……投稿 cool off 变凉，冷却，冷
copy sb’s example 仿照某人，照某人的样子做 cover an entire continent 覆盖整个大陆
cover the events 采访事件，报道事件
create a positive / negative effect 产生积极/消极的作用/影响 cross out 划掉
crowd around（许多人）围着
cultural relics / sites 文化古迹
current affairs 时事
Cheer up.振作起来。提起精神。
Come on!来！快呀！（4）Dd dance to the music 伴随音乐起舞
date from = date back to 始于……时期，追溯到
day after day 日复一日（强调重复）day by day 一天天地（强调逐渐变化）day and night 日日夜夜地
deal with = do with 处理，解决，对付
depend on / upon = rely on / upon 依靠，依赖，信赖，靠……来决定 develop a lifelong friendship with sb 与某人成为终身朋友 develop the photos 冲洗照片
devote … to… 把……贡献给……，献身于……，专心于…… [比较：be devoted to(doing)sth 投身于
be devoted to sb 喜欢某人] die away 逐渐消失，减弱（以至感觉不到），淡化 die down 逐渐降低，减弱，消失，平息 die from 因……而死，死于（除了疾病或情感以外的原因，及某种具体疾病）
die of(illness, hunger, grief, etc.)因……而死，死于（疾病，饥饿，悲伤等情感内因）
die off 一一死去，先后死去
die out = become extinct 灭绝，绝迹，消失
differ from = be different from 与……不同，区别于 dig up 挖出，掘起
dining room 餐厅 dip into sth 把……放入液体中，浏览，翻阅
display one’s deep sympathy 表达某人深切的同情
distinguish A from B 显示A和B（两者）的差别，使A和B有所不同（比较：distinguish between A and B 区别/辨别A 和B）
divide … into 把……分成，使……分隔开
divide up 分配
double one’s efforts 加倍努力 dozens of 几十
draw a conclusion 得出结论
draw back 后退
dream of 梦到
draw attention to 对……表示注意 draw up 起草，拟定
dream of / about doing sth 梦想做某事 dress up as… 打扮／装饰成……
drink to sb / sth 为……而干杯或祝福 drop by 访问，拜访
drop in on sb 顺便拜访某人 drop off 放下（某物），下车 drop sb a line 给某人写短信
dress up 化装打扮，乔装打扮
drink a toast 祝酒
drive off 击退, 把（车）开走 drop in 顺便走访，拜访
drop in at sp 顺便拜访某地
drop out(of…)（从竞赛、活动等）退出，辍学 during the day 在白天
during / in the 1980s / 1980’s 20世纪80年代
during / in / throughout one’s lifetime 在某人的一生中
（5）Ee each other 互相，彼此（比较：one another 相互，彼此）earn / make / gain a / one’s living 谋生 earn / make money 挣钱，赚钱 eat up 吃完，吃光
either…or … 或者……或者……，要么……要么……
[比较：neither … nor … 既不……也不……
not…but… 不是……而是……
not only …but also… 不仅……而且……（前句用于句首时，须倒装）] end up with … 以……结束/告终（比较：begin / start with 以……开始
close with 以……结束/告终
end up 结束，告终，最后得到……的结局/下场 end in failure / prison 以失败/坐牢而告终.end in a tie 以平局结束）
engage to sb 与某人订婚
enjoy equal rights 享有平等权利
English-speaking countries 说英语的国家 enjoy oneself 过得愉快，玩得开心
escape from 免于/逃脱……，从……泄露出 every day 每天
everyday use 日常使用 every few years 每隔几年
（比较：every four years = every fourth year 每四年，每隔三年
every two years = every second year = every other year 每两年，每隔一年)every now and then 不时地
ever since 从……以来，从那时起except for 除了……之外
exist in 存在于……
exchange student 交换生
experience life 体验生活
experiment with 进行实验，进行试验
explain sth to sb = explain to sb sth 向某人解释某事 express oneself 表达自己的意思
Everything / All goes well.一切顺利。
Excuse me.对不起。
（6）Ff face to face 面对面(比较：hand in hand 手拉手，密切关联)
fail in doing sth 没做成某事
fail to do sth 无法做某事 fall asleep 入睡（比较：fall ill 病了，患病，病倒)fall behind（成就，成绩）落后于
fall down 摔下来，倒塌 fall in love with sb 爱上某人（比较：be in love with sb 与某人相爱）fall into 陷入，落入
fall off 跌落，下降
fall to / into pieces 垮台，崩溃，解体，倒塌 family name 姓氏 fax machine 传真机 far from… 远离……
fall over 跌倒，摔倒
fairy tale 童话
family tree 家谱
far away 遥远，很远
fasten / tie … to… 把……栓/别在……上feast on sth 宴饮，尽情地享受…… feed … on 喂养，饲养（比较：feed on / upon … 以……为食）
feel down 感到闷闷不乐
feel like doing sth 想做某事
feel well / terrible / better / weak 感觉好/糟/好些/虚弱 fight against 与……作斗争／打架／打仗
fight for sth 为……而斗争，争取获得某事物
fight over 为……而战，因……而争吵/争斗
fight sb / sth off 抗击某人/某事物，击退某人/某事物 fight with 与……并肩作战
figure out 理解，想明白，算出
fill in 填空，填写 fill out 把……填好
fill with 用……填充 fill A with B 把B装进A里，把A装满B fill up with… 用……装满
find out 获知，查明，查出，弄明白，发现，了解 fire escapes 安全梯
fire exit 安全出口 first aid 急救
fish farms 渔场 fit in 被他人接受，相处融洽
fit in(with sb / sth)与（某人/某事物）相适应/相协调 fix a time / date for 为……确定时间/日期 fix up 搭起，安装，修理，修补
folk song 民歌 follow customs 随俗，按照习惯
follow sb’s instructions 遵从某人的指示
follow the rules 按照规则去做
follow / take sb’s advice 听某人的劝告 forget about 忘记了
for a period of several weeks / months 在几周/几个月的一段时间里 for ever = for good 永远
for example = for instance 例如(比较：such as … 例如……，像……这样)
for free = free of charge = without payment 免费（比较：at one’s own charge / expense 自费）
for once 就这/那一次
for the first time 第一次，初次，首先
for one thing…, for another 首先……，其次……
[比较：at first = in / at the beginning 起初，首先
at first sight 第一眼，乍一看，初见之下
first of all 第一，首先，最重要
in the first place（用于列举理由时）首先，第一，原先
the first time 第一次，初次（后接状语从句）] for the reason 因为
for the sake of 由于，为了……的利益，为了……起见 free from 不受……的影响，没有……的
from now on 从现在开始，今后
from then on = from that moment on 从那时起 from … to … 从……到……
from time to time 有时，不时，偶尔 from one country to another = from country to country 从一个国家到另一个国家 from one generation to another 一代接一代地 full dress 盛装
further education 进修，深造
（7）Gg gain weight = put on weight 发福，增加体重，增肥（比较：lose weight 减肥）
gas station 加油站
gift money 压岁钱
generally speaking 总的来说，一般来说 given / first name 名字 glare at 怒视
greenhouse effect 温室效应
grow up 生长，长大 glance at 匆匆一瞥
graduate from… 毕业于…… green tea 绿茶
grow up to be… 长大后成为……
Good luck!祝你好运！Good morning / afternoon / evening!早上/下午/晚上好！（8）Hh had better(do)最好（做）
hand down 流传下去
hand in 交上去，提出，面交
hand out 散发，分发，发放 hang on 等一等，别挂电话
hang up 挂断电话 hang out（俚语）闲逛
harmony with others 与其他人和睦相处，与其他人相处和谐 hear about / of 听说，知道
hear from sb 收到某人来信
heart and soul 全心全意地
here and there 各处，处处，四处 help sb out 救助，帮助某人解决困难，帮助某人摆脱困境 help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事
high school 中学，高中
hit sb on the head / in the face 打某人的头部/脸部 hold／keep / stick to 坚持，忠于 home cooking 家常做法
hold together 连在一起，团结一致 home village 家乡
hope / wish for 希望得到，对……怀着希望 host the Olympic Games 主办奥运会
hour after hour 一小时又一小时 how many / much 多少（可数名词）/多少钱（或不可数名词）how far 多远
how often 多久一次，多常
human being 人，人类
hunt animals 狩猎
how long多久 how old 几岁
hundreds of 几百，成百上千的 hunt for = search for 搜寻，寻找 Hands up.举起手来。
How are you? 你（身体）好吗？
hurry up 赶快，快点
Help oneself to sth 请随便吃。
How do you do!你好！
How is it going? 情况怎么样？ Here you are.给你。（比较： There you are.你来了。）
32（9）Ii ice cream 冰淇淋
iced tea 冰茶
ice skating 滑冰
ID card 身份证 if necessary = if it is necessary 如果需要的话
if only 要是……就好了（常用于虚拟语气）impress on sb 给某人留下好印象
（比较：be impressed by / with 对……留下印象）
in a few days = in a few days’ time 几天后 in a flash 立刻，很快，立即 in a hurry = hurriedly 匆忙地 in a slightest 一点也，根本
in a straight line 沿着直线
in a whisper 小声地
in a good mood 心情好
in a row 一个接一个地，连续不断地 in a … state 处在……的状态/情况下 in a very short while 马上，立刻
in a word 总之，简言之，一句话
（比较：in other words 换句话说，换言之
in one’s own words 用自己的话说）
in an act of revenge 作为报复
in all = in total = altogether 总共，总之 in class 在课堂上
in common 共同，共有 in condition = in good health 身体好，身体健康（比较：out of condition = in poor health身体不好 in bad / good condition 处于坏的/好的状态）
in darkness 处于一片漆黑
in danger 处于危险中
（比较：out of danger 脱离危险
in danger of 面临……的危险）in debt 欠债
in demand 有需要的 in detail 详细地
in disorder 混乱 in English 用英语（表达）
in fact = in reality = as a matter of fact事实上，实际上
in general 一般说来，通常
in history 在历史上 in hospital / prison / church 住院/坐牢/做礼拜 in … order = in order of 按顺序
in order to do = so as to do 以便，为了，为的是（so as to do不臵于句首）
in peace = peacefully 安静，宁静
in public 当众，公开地，公然，在公共场所 in return 作为回报（比较：in turn 转而，反过来，轮流）in silence 安静地，无声地
in society 在社会上
in space 在太空（比较：in outer space 在外层空间，在外太空）in store 贮藏着，准备着，就要来到
in style 流行的，时髦的
（比较：out of style = out of fashion = out of date 过时的 come into fashion = be in fashion 流行的）in surprise / astonishment 吃惊，惊讶地 in time 及时（比较：on time 准时）in trouble 处于困境中
in use 在使用中
in vain 徒劳，白辛苦
in chains（指囚犯）用链锁住的，不自由，被囚禁
in ruins 成为废墟
in tears 哭泣，掉泪 in other aspects 从其他方面
（比较：in terms of 就……而言
in large amounts 大批地，大量地
in the eyes of 在……看来)
in anxiety of 担心，担忧 in case of 假使，以防
（比较：in case 万一，以免
in that case 既然那样，假若是那样的话）
in front of 在（某人/某物）前面（比较：in the front of 在……的前部
in front 在前方，在正对面）
in honour of 出于对……的敬意，为庆祝/纪念…… in praise of 称赞，赞赏
in search of 寻找
in spite of = despite = regardless of 尽管，不管 in view of 鉴于，考虑到，由于
in want / need of … 需要，缺少…… in agreement with 与……意见一致
in conversation with 与……谈话中 in harmony with 与……协调
in relation to 与……有关的 in reply to 回答，答复，回应
in exchange for 交换，互换
in the direction of 朝……的方向（比较：in all directions 四面八方）
in the form of 以……的形式
in the heart of 在……的中心/核心部分 in the hope of(doing)sth 抱着（做某事）的希望
in the name of 以……的名义，代表（比较：name … after 给……取名，命名）in the process of 在……的过程中
in the day / daytime 在白天 in the end = at last = finally = eventually 最后，终于
in the future 在未来，将来（比较：in future 以后，今后）in / during / over the last / past ten years 在过去的十年 in the past = in the old days 在过去
in / during the rush hour 在交通高峰期 in ancient / modern times 在古代/现代 in the air 在空中
in the open air 在户外
in the rain 在雨中，冒雨 in the shade 在阴凉处
in the sun 在太阳下
in the wild 在野外，在自然环境下
in one’s(personal)opinion 依某人之见
in one’s teens 十几岁时
in one’s youth 年轻时
information
instead of… 代替……，而不是……，作为……的替换（比较：rather than 而不是）
insist on sth / doing sth 坚持某事/坚持做某事
intend to do sth 打算做某事
intend sth for … 把某物供给……用（比较：sth be intended for… 供……用）involve sb in… 使某人参加，使某人陷入……（困境），使某人牵涉到……（比较：be involved in… 参与，有关联，忙于某事）It depends.=That / It(all)depends.要看情况而定。
I dare say….我认为……。我估计……。I’m sorry.对不起。10）Jj join hands 携手，联手，合伙
join in 参加，加入
join sb(in doing sth)和某人一起做某事 join the line 排队 join up 联合起来
desk 问讯处（judge sb by sth 依据某事物判断某人，断定，认为（比较：be judged by 靠……来判断）junk food 垃圾食品
just as 恰如 just now 刚才，现在just then 正在那时
just so-so 一般
（11）Kk kick the habit 戒除某嗜好
know about 对……了解
（12）L labor force 劳动力
later on 后来，随后，以后
lay down one’s life 献出生命 lay the table 摆桌子
kind of 稍微，有点儿
know of 听说过
lack of sleep 缺少睡眠
laugh at 嘲笑，讥笑
lay off 解雇，不理会，使下岗
lead / have / live a cosy / an active life 过着舒适的/活跃的生活
lead sb to do sth = cause sb to do sth 使某人做某事 lead to = result in 通往，导致
learn about… 了解，学习有关……知识 learn …(all)by himself = teach …oneself 自学…… learn from… 向……学习，从……中学习
leave alone 不管，不打扰，不理会，随……去 leave behind 忘带，留下
leave out 省略，删掉，不考虑
leave sb by himself 把某人独自留下
leave sb where he / she is 把某人留在原地 leave school 离开学校，辍学，毕业
less than 少于，不足
let down 不支持，使失望，使沮丧 let in 放进，让……进来 lie down 躺下
let out 放掉，泄露，发出(声音)lie in 在于，位于
light bulb 电灯泡
light up 照亮，使放光彩，点上（烟）吸起来
listen to 听……
live in poverty 生活在贫困线上
lie to sb 对某人撒谎
light a fire 点火
limit … to … 把……限制在…… little by little 逐渐地
live life on the go 过着忙碌的生活
live on 以……为主食，靠……谋生，继续存在，继续活着 live one’s dream = try to realize one’s dream 努力实现梦想 live through 活过，经过（困难，危险）之后仍旧活着 live up to 依据……行事，做到，不辜负（期望）
live up to sb’s expectation = meet sb’s expectation 不辜负某人的期望 live with 忍受，与……一起住
lock sb up 将某人监禁起来，将某人锁于某处不得进出 lose control = be out of control 失去控制 lose heart 失去信心，泄气，灰心（13）Mm major in 主修，专研
main course 主菜
means of transport 交通方式
midfield player 中场球员
lose one’s life 牺牲某人的生命 Let me see.让我想想。
match …with … 把……和……相配
man-made satellite 人造卫星 medical care 医疗保健
Middle East 中东
miss one’s turn 错过 mix up 混合在一起
lose one’s sight / voice 失明 / 失声
millions of 成百上千万
mistake / take A for B 错把A当成B
mix …with … 把……和……混合 morning paper 晨报
mobile phone 可移动电话
movie stars 电影名星
more and more 越来越多
more or less 或多或少
more than = not only 不仅，不只，多于，十分（比较：more A than B 与其说B，不如说是A no more than = only 仅仅，只不过
not more than 不超过，至多）
most of 大多数
multiply … by … ……乘以…… My goodness!天啊！
musical styles 音乐风格
（14）Nn native language = mother tongue 母语
next time 下次
neck and neck 并驾齐驱，不分上下，不相上下 next to 紧接着，相邻，在旁边，次于
nine out of ten = nine in ten 十分之九
no doubt 无疑地 no longer / more = not…any longer / more 不再，已不
no matter 不论……，无论……
not as / so… as 不像，不如
not at all = not a bit 一点也不，绝非（比较：not a little = very much 很，非常）not later than 不迟于
now and then 偶尔，时而
not …till / until… 直到……才……
now that 既然
Nice to meet / meeting you.很高兴见到你。（15）Oo obey / break the rules 遵守／违反规定
obey / observe the law 遵守法律
object to 反对
occur to sb 使某人突然想到 offer advice about / on … 提出关于……的建议
of course 当然
of late = lately 最近，近来
of one’s own 属于自己的（比较：on one’s own = by oneself 独自，单独地）on a large scale 大规模地，大范围地 on a team 在一队/组，加入一队/组 on(an / the)average平均，按平均计算 on an open fire 露营
on all sides 在各方面，到处
on and on 不停地，不断地
on condition that = if 如果
on board 在（船/飞机）上
on business 出差
on display 展览，陈列 [比较：on show 展出，在上演（放映）] on duty 值日，值班
on earth 在地球上，究竟 on end 直立，竖立 on holiday 在度假
on foot 步行
on purpose = by accident 故意地 on watch 值班，守望
on the contrary 相反地，反之
on the go 奔波，忙忙碌碌的，四处奔走 on the march 在游行
on the point of 就在……的时候
on sale 上市，出售，廉价出售，减价 on the air 正在播出的on the front page 在头版
on the Internet 在互联网上 on the phone 在通话，用电话交流
on / over the radio 通过收音机
on the top of 在……的顶端
on one’s arrival / return（某人）一到达/回来
on(the)one hand…, on the other hand … 一方面, 另一方面 once in a while 偶尔，有时
once more / again 再一次 once upon a time 从前，很早以前 one after another 一个接一个
one day（过去/将来）有一天，某一天 one by one 一个一个地，逐一
one-child policy 独生子女政策
opera house 歌剧院，艺术剧院 open up 打开，开启，开创，开辟，开设，开放 operate on sb 给某人动手术
or else 否则，要不然
opposite to 在……对面 or rather 或者
ought to 应当，应该
out of breath 上气不接下气
out of order 运转不正常，出毛病 out of one’s reach 够不着
or so 大约，……左右
out of 由……里面向外，在……之外 out of danger 脱离危险
out of work 失业
over and over again 多次，反复地，一再 over there 在那边
owe sb sth = owe sth to sb 把……归功于，感谢，欠（债）owe thanks to sb for sth 因为某事感谢某人（16）Pp parking lot 停车场
pay phone（投币式）公用电话
pencil case 文具盒，铅笔盒
people with disabilities = disabled people 残疾人 persist in 坚持
physical education 体育
pen friend / pal 笔友
pencil sharpener 转笔刀，削笔刀 personal affair 隐私
phone number 电话号码
pile of(homework)一大堆（作业），一大批，一大团 places of(great)interest 名胜
pop music 流行音乐
post office 邮电局
play against … 同……比赛
play / act the role of sb = play sb 扮演某人的角色
play a part / role in … 在……中起作用 play a trick on sb 开某人的玩笑，耍弄某人 play football / basketball 踢足球／打篮球 play the piano 弹钢琴
play with 玩耍，游戏 primary school = elementary school 小学 point at 指示，指向
point to 指向
point out 指出，使注意 B更喜欢A
prepare sth 准备
prepare for sth 为某事做好准备
protect sb from / against … 保护某人免受……(伤害等)provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb 为某人提供某物
（比较：supply sb with sth = supply sth to sb 给某人提供某物
offer sb sth = offer sth to sb 为某人主动提供某物）pull down 拆毁，拆除，摧毁，推翻
pull on 随便穿上 pull out of 从……中退出，（火车）驶离车站，从……拉出来
pull sb up 把……往上拉，把……拉上来
push open 推开
push(sth)over（使车船等）闪到一边 pros and cons 赞成与反对，正面和反面 pretty well 相当好，几乎，差不多（17）Qq quarrel with sb(about sth)（因某事）和某人吵架/争吵
quite a few 许多，大量
quite a lot / a bit 许多，大量
（18）Rr raise money for(good cause)为（做好事）而筹款
rank high / low 排名高/排名低
rank third 位居第三 rather than 宁可，而不是，非，与其……宁愿……
prefer A to B 相比prepare sb for sth 使某人为某事做好准备 produce / make electricity 发电
raw material 原料
record holder 记录保持者
record card 成绩单
reach out(for sth)伸手去（拿，碰）
reach out(to sth)伸出手以触到或抓到、拿到某物
read about 读到有关……
receive / get one’s doctor’s degree 获得博士学位 recommend … to sb 向某人推荐……
refer to 提到，查询，参阅，指的是，谈到，涉及，有关
relate to 理解，同情，涉及，与……有关（比较：be related to 与……有关联/关系）remind sb of sth 使某人想起某事
reply to 答复
respond to 回应，反映，响应
result in 产生某种作用或结果，导致
[比较：result from 由于，（因而）发生，产生，出现] return to normal 恢复正常
ring back 给某人回电话 ring off 挂断电话，停止讲话
ring up sb = ring sb up 给某人打电话 roll over 翻滚，倒转 rock band 摇滚乐队 rise / come to fame 成名
round up 使集合在一起，使聚拢
roller skating 滑旱冰
running water 自来水 ruin sth = bring sth to ruin 使……变成废墟 run after 追赶，追求，追逐，在……之后跑
run at 冲向，向……攻击
run away 流失，逃跑，逃走，失控
run away from school =drop out of school 逃学
run for 竞选
run into / across = come across = meet …by chance = happen to meet 偶然遇见 run off 跑掉，迅速离开
run out of sth 用完…… [比较：(sth)run out 耗尽，用光，用完] run over 压死，看一遍，跑过去 run a business 做生意
run / start a restaurant 开餐馆
rush sb off one’s feet 使某人忙得不亦乐乎，使某人忙得不可开交 rush out 冲出去
rush through 掠过，快速通过
（19）Ss satisfy / meet the needs of … 满足……的需要 save money 存钱
save sb’s life 挽救某人的生命 say “no” to … 拒绝，否认，不同意
say thanks to … 向……表示感谢
say to oneself 心里想，自言自语
school day 学校上课时
school play 校园剧
school things 学习用具
school / field trip 郊游
search for 搜查，寻找，查找
self rescue 自救
see for oneself 自己去看，亲眼看
see sb off 为某人送行（比较：meet sb 接某人）see to 处理，料理，照顾
seek after 追求
see to it that…= make sure that… 确保，务使
seek for 寻找
sell out 卖完，出卖
sense of responsibility 责任感 sentence / beat sb to death 判处某人死刑 / 把某人打死
separate … from … 把……和……分离开 serve as 作为，当作
serve in the army 服役 serve the dishes 上菜
serve the people 为人民服务 settle an argument about… 解决关于……的争论
settle down 定下心来，安家落户，定居，平静下来 settle for 勉强同意，接受
settle in（使）习惯（环境等），定居 settle up 付清，结账
share(in)sth 分享
shop assistsant 售货员
shoot at 向……射击
shout at(sb)冲(某人)嚷嚷 show off 炫耀
shake hands with sb 和某人握手 share sth with sb 与某人分享……
short wave 短波
[比较：smile at(sb)冲（某人）笑]
show up 出席，露面
show respect for sb 对某人表示尊敬
show sb how to do sth 教某人做某事
show sb out / in 送某人出去/ 迎某人进来 show sb to the door 带某人到门口 shut up 闭嘴
shut down 关闭，把……关上 silver screen 银幕
sit up 熬夜
social problems 社会问题
sign an agreement with… 与……达成协议 sit down = be seated 坐着，坐下
side by side 肩并肩，一起，相互支持 soft drink 清凉饮料，软饮料 soup opera 肥皂剧，连续剧 some day 将来某一天，来日 sooner or later 迟早，终归
speak about 谈论，交谈
speak of 谈到
solar system 太阳系
so far = up till now 到目前为止
some … , others … 一些……，另一些…… sound like 听起来像……
speed skating 速滑 speak against 发表抨击 speak out 大胆讲出 space / train station 太空／火车站
speak to 谈话，与……通话
speed by 飞驰而过 speed up 加快速度（比较：slow down 减缓，减速，慢下来）
spend …(in)doing sth 花（钱，时间）做某事
spend …on sth 在……花费（钱，时间）spread out 伸开，铺开
stage name 艺名
standing room 立足之地 stone by stone 一块石头一块石头地
straight away 立刻地，毫不犹豫地 stare at 凝视，盯着看
start a fire 引起火灾
starve to death 饿死
stay away 不在家，外出
stay away from… 与……保持距离
stay the same = remain the same 保持不变 stay up 挺住，站立，开夜车，醒着，不睡，熬夜 stick to 粘住，坚持，忠于
stick with 继续支持，保持联系 stop doing sth 停止做某事
[比较：stop to do sth 停下来做某事
stop …(from)doing sth 阻止……做某事]
strike at 向……袭击／打击
struggle against… 同……做斗争 struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来
succeed in… 在……获成功
（比较：succeed in doing sth = be successful in doing sth成功地做了某事）suffer from… 受……苦
support / raise the family 养家
suit … to … 使……适合于…… surf the internet 上网冲浪
struggle to do sth 挣扎着（竭力去）做某事
sweep away（风）吹走,（浪）卷走
sweep the floor 扫地
sweep down 吹倒，席卷，冲倒
switch on /off 开/关（电灯、机器等）
swimming pool 游泳池
Say “Hi” to sb for me.= Give my regards to sb =Remember me to sb 代我向某人问好。
Say goodbye to sb 向某人告辞/告别。（20）Tt table manners 餐桌礼节，用餐规矩
talent show 天才表演
talk show 访谈节目
talk of 谈到
talk to 与某人交谈／谈话
telephone booth 电话亭
tennis racket 网球拍
tear down 拆毁，拆除
See you soon / later.再见。table tennis 乒乓球（运动）tape recorder 磁带录音机
talk about 谈论，交谈，议论
talk … through（充分）讨论，详细讨论 talk with 和……交谈
telephone number 电话号码
tear at 用力撕
tear sth into pieces 把某物撕成碎片
tell a lie 说谎
tell… from… 把……和……分开
tear up 撕毁，取消（合同）
tell … apart 识别，辨别，区分开 tell the truth 说真话
tell the difference between A and B 说出/分辨A和B 的区别 tend to 趋于，朝某方向
test on 在……做实验 test the blood 验血
Thanksgiving Day 感恩节
thanks to… 多亏了，幸亏，由于，因为（比较：due to = owing to = because of 由于，因为）than usual 比平常……
the Antartic 南极 [比较：the South / North(Pole)南/北极] the Arctic Ocean 北冰洋
（比较：the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋
the Indian Ocean 印度洋
the Pacific Ocean 太平洋
the Yellow River 黄河）
the butterfly 蝶泳
the Capital Stadium 首都体育馆 [比较：the Great Wall 长城 the People’s Republic of China
the day after tomorrow 后天 the entrance to ……的入口
the Maglev Train 磁悬浮列车
thanks for…因为……而感谢the Palace Museum 故宫（博物馆）
中华人民共和国（简称PRC）] the day before yesterday 前天
(the)long / high jump 跳远/高 the majority / minority of people 大多数/少数人
the(more)…, the(more)… 越……，越……
the next morning 第二天早上
the other day 前几天，某日 the other way around 相反地，用相反方式
the Olympic Games / the Olympics 奥林匹克运动会 the problem with … 关于……的问题
the same to 对……也一样
the United Nations 联合国
the same as 与……同样的the United Kingdom 英国 the United States 美国
the way to do sth / of doing sth 做……的方法
the working people 工人，劳动人民
the World Championship 世锦赛
this very night 就在这个晚上
thousands of 成千上万
Three Gorges Dam Project 三峡大坝工程 three meters deep = three metres in depth 三米深
through thick and thin 不顾艰难
throw light upon / on 阐明某事，使某事显得很清楚
throw about 四处乱扔
throw away 扔掉
throw at 向……扔去
throw up 吐出（事物），呕吐
tie A to B 把A 绑在B 上
tie … up 系，栓，捆 tie up(one’s hair)= do up(one’s hair)（头发）扎起来
tire out 筋疲力尽
tire oneself out 使自己疲惫不堪 time and time again = over and over again 多次，不断地，反复 time area 时区
toast to the New Year 为新年干杯 to begin with = to start with 首先，作为开始，第一点
to be honest = honestly speaking 老实说，说实在的
to make matters / things worse = worse still 使事情/情况更困难/危险，更糟糕的是 to … degree 达到……程度
to one’s knowledge 据某人所知 to one’s regret / sorrow / surprise / joy 使某人遗憾/悲伤/惊讶/高兴的是 to the north of 在……以北
to the point 中肯，扼要，切中要害
too many 太多
too much 太多，过分，太
too … to = so … that 太……以至于不能 tongue twister 绕口令 track and field 田径 travel agent 旅行社
traffic lights 交通指挥灯，红绿灯 trial and error 反复实验，不断探索
trade for 交易
trade in 以交易方式购入 trade … with sb 与某人做……交易（买卖）transform … into… 把……转变成……
treat sb badly 虐待
treat sb to sth 请某人吃……
trip over（被……）绊倒
trust(in)= have trust in = rely on 信赖，信任
try on 试穿（衣，鞋，帽等），试试看，耍弄（花招）try out 试验，尝试，试用
try one’s best 竭尽所能 TV series 电视连续剧
twice the size of 是……的两倍之大
This way, please.请走这边。
（21）Uu under arrest 被拘留
TV station 电视台
Thank goodness!谢天谢地！It’s time to do….该做……了。under attack / fire 被攻击
under construction / control / discussion 在建设／控制／讨论中 under repairs 在修理中
under the command of 在某人控制之下，在……的指挥下
under the direction of 在……的指导下 unite as one 团结一致
upside down 颠倒着，倒转着
up to 正在做，从事于，大约，多达
use up….用完……，用尽……（22）Vv
VCD player 影碟播放机
（23）Ww wait for 等待，等候
up and down 来回，上上下下，来来往往 up to date 现代的，时新的，据目前所知的
very much = a lot 很，非常，十分
wait / stand in queue = wait / stand in line 排队等侯 waiting room 等候(候车)室
wake up 醒来
wake sb up 把某人吵/叫醒 walk / run up to = go / come up to 上前去 want all day off 请假一整天 wash away 冲走
washing machine 洗衣机
wash down 冲走，冲垮
watch out(for…)留神，提防，注意
watch over 看守，照看
wear away 磨掉，消耗
watch TV 看电视
wear out 穿破，把……穿旧，磨坏，使……疲劳 [比较：be worn out（衣服等）穿破/被损坏，（人）疲惫不堪/感到疲劳] what else 而且
what if… 倘使……将会怎样，如果……将会怎样 win … prize 获得……奖
win the first place（比赛）得了第一名 win sb 把某人争取过来（比较：beat / defeat sb 打败某人）wipe out 去除，消灭
wish … every success 祝…… 成功
wish each other good luck 互相祝福
without a sound 悄无声息地
without limit 无限地
without luck 运气不好
with the help of＝with sb’s help 在……的帮助下 with the purpose of 有……的目的
wonder at 对……感到惊讶
word for word 逐字地
work as an actress 做女演员
work at 从事，致力于，干……活动（研究）
work on … 继续工作，从事于……，忙于……，不断做…… work out 算出，解决，想出（办法），制定（计划），结局，至最后 work with … 对……起作用
worry about 为……担心，烦恼
would rather 宁愿，宁可 wrap up 包好，伪装
write to 写信给
work permit 工作许可证
would like 想要（婉转表达个人的想法、看法）wrap sth in 用……把某物包起来
write down 记下，写下
Well done / said!干得好/说得好！
What a pity!多可惜！真遗憾！
What a shame!太不好意思了！太遗憾了！What / How about…? ……怎么样？……好不好？
What becomes of … ？ ……变得怎样了？ What kind …? 何种……？
What time …? 几点……？ What’s on? 发生了什么事？
What’s the population of …? ……有多少人口？ What’s up? 怎么啦？
What’s wrong / the matter? 怎么了？
Would you mind…? 你介意……吗？
（24）Yy year after year 年复一年，年年，每年（重复）year by year 一年年（逐渐变化）Young Pioneer 少先队员
You’re welcome.不用谢。不客气。（25）Zz zebra crossing 斑马线
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