第一篇：清明节中译英参考译文
清明节
The Pure Brightness Festival The Pure Brightness Day, one of the 24 Seasonal Division Points, is also an ancient traditional festival in China.It falls in the third lunar month or around April 5th in the solar calendar, when the spring scene is radiant and enchanting and the air is refreshing, hence, its name.清明是二十四节气之一，也是中国一个古老的传统节日。清明节在农历三月，公历4月5日左右，此时春光明媚，空气清新，清明节因此得名。
On this day, people have the custom of sweeping the graves for their ancestors, take an outing in the countryside and wear a willow twig on the head.清明节人们有扫墓祭祖和踏青插柳的习俗。
The Chinese have the tradition to respect the aged.Thus, when the day comes, every family will go to the countryside to hold a memorial ceremony at their ancestors’ tombs.People get rid of any weeds growing around the tomb, burn incense and offer food and paper money to show their remembrance and respect for their ancestors.This is called “visiting a grave” or “sweeping a grave”.中国人有敬老的传统, 因此，每到清明节这天，家家户户都要到郊外去祭扫祖先的坟墓。人们为坟墓除去杂草，在坟前点上香，摆上食物和纸钱，表示对祖先的思念和敬意。这叫上坟，也叫扫墓。
At this time, the grass of the countryside is sprouting, willows along rivers have put forth new buds;it is fresh green everywhere, a good time for an outing.In ancient times, people used to wear a willow twig in their hair at this time because it was supposed to be able to drive away ghosts and disasters.清明时节，小草发芽，河边柳树长出嫩芽，到处一片新绿，正是远足的好时候。古人常常把树枝戴在头上（插柳），据说插柳可以驱除鬼怪和灾难。
第二篇：中译英技巧之让译文简洁明了
中译英技巧之让译文简洁明了
汉字语境下长大的人一般都很注意“偶语易安，奇字难适”的汉语音韵特点，对“互文见义”的表达，非但不觉累赘，反而乐此不疲。所以，诸如“无穷无尽”“冷若冰霜”“当事者迷，旁观者清”之类语义显然重复的说法，在汉语母语者眼中丝毫没有不妥。然而，讲求严谨，注重逻辑的英语则十分忌讳语义重复，英语中除了像save and sound, bag and baggage等少数几个押头韵习语外，一般难以见到类似的无意义重复。故而在影视译配和会议翻译的中译英工作中，一定要在注意英语的语言习惯。请看下面例子：
1.道路崎岖不平。
原译：The road is rough and bumpy.2.祝你圆满成功！
原译：I wish you complete success!
3.仓库全部塌下来。
原译：The warehouse completely collapsed.4.耳听为虚，眼见为实。
原译：Hearing is vague, seeing is believing.以上例句中的汉语原文十分自然，英语翻译则显累赘。以句1为例，“崎岖不平”乃汉语互文见义表达，同时也是出于 协调平仄效果的考虑，中国人觉得并无不妥。但在英语中，rough 与bumpy 却属于明显无意义重复，英美人并不认可。句2的情形也一样，success已经是指“圆满成功”，否则就不能说success.句3中的 collapse指的就是“全部塌下”，如果仅是部分塌下，则不宜使用collapse.至于例句4，“耳听为虚，眼见为实”也是属于互文见义的强调型修 辞，译成英语只需取其一义即可。所以，上述例子的正确英译应该是：
1.The road is rough.2.I wish you success!
3.The warehouse collapsed.4.Seeing is believing.不妨再来看几个类似句例：
他仍然还是个单身汉。
原译：He still remains a bachelor.改译：He remains a bachelor.或者：He is still a bachelor.必须坚决禁止赌博。
原译：Gambling must be firmly banned.改译：Gambling must be banned.他们向我挥手。
原译：They waved their hands to me.改译：They waved to me.她是一位著名女企业家。
原译：She is a famous female businesswoman.改译：She is a famous businesswoman.当然，累赘型“中式英语”绝不仅限于以上类型，中国人的修辞风格、行文风格以及基于音义的对仗、排比等，也很容易导致累赘型英译。比如2006年“世界历史文化名城 市长论坛南京宣言”中有这样一句话：
我们承诺：追求天人和谐，人际和谐，身心和谐，追求人人相亲，人人平等，天下为公，努力实现 我们城市的和谐统一。
这里所说的“天人和谐”、“人际和谐”、“ 身心和谐”、“人人相亲”、“人人平等”、“天下为公”，无疑都体现中华文化的内涵。但是，如果将它们原样照搬地直译成英文恐怕就难免出现冗长和累赘。以“身心 和谐”和“天下为公”为例，它们的英译分别是harmony between body and mind和the whole world as one community.可在“世界历史文化名城市长论坛”的宣言中郑重其事地提出要追求基于阴阳五行之上的 “harmony between body and mind” 是不是恰当呢？至于在列举了那么多的“和谐”追求，以及“人人相亲”“人人平等”的目标后，再另加一个汉字语境下声势夺人，英语语境下却平淡无奇的对“天 下为公（the whole world as one community）”的追求，似乎也有点不伦不类。“南京宣言”的英语文本对这段话是这样翻译的：
We are committed to achieving harmony between man and nature, in people-to-people relationships, and in the development of urban societies.We will work for fraternity, equality, and justice.原文中“身心和谐”、“人人相亲”、“ 人人平等”、“天下为公”的“四字格”表述在译文中通通被融进了整句话的意境和精神中，不需另译出。而这样做的结果是译文反而愈显蕴义明晰、简洁得体。既传达出原文的本质含义，又避免了照搬汉语行文风格而导致的英文表述拖泥带水，值得我们借鉴。
我们看到改译后的文字不仅简介，而且完全能表达原文的含义。在法律翻译和合同翻译中，言简意赅是再好不过的了，画蛇添足反而无法符合本地化翻译的要求。
（博语北京翻译公司 编辑）
第三篇：2013中译英范文
黄浦区
1.2.3.4.5.1.2.3.4.这个故事激励年轻人为更美好的生活奋斗。(inspire）时光飞逝，尤其当你聚精会神地读一本好书时。（absorb）安全系统不会允许你进入大楼，除非你有正确的密码。(unless)我从未想到过会在机场遇到多年未曾谋面的老朋友。(It)无用信息的传播会对人类社会产生不利影响的事实已经引起公众的注意。（that）
airport.5.The fact that the spread of useless information can have a bad effect on human society has attracted the
attention/awareness of the public.杨浦区（第一次学业调研）
1.2.3.4.5.1.2.3.4.5.记得要学与思相结合。(combine)党号召官员们提高效率，避免浪费。(call)人们保护个人信息的意识有待提高。(remain)开发清洁的公共交通是被广泛认可的改善空气质量的好方法。(recognize)这位总统一直为缓慢的经济复苏和诸多外交事务的挑战忧心忡忡，但至今仍束手无策。(worry)
far he hasn’t found a way out.浦东新区
1.2.3.4.5.他下定决心要实现抱负。(determine)居民们都希望有朝一日能更方便地享受图书馆的优质服务。（access）老师的赞赏给了我很大的鼓舞，这对一名学生而言非常宝贵。（which）接完电话，他既没关门也没关灯就匆匆忙忙离开了办公室。（with）实验结果与我们所期望的大相径庭，但我们相信探索越多，就越可能成功。（likely）
1.He is determined to realize/accomplish/achieve/fulfill his ambition.2.Residents all hope that they can have easy assess to the quality service of libraries one day(some day).3.The teacher’s compliment(s)gave me(filled me with)a great encouragement(inspiration), which is so precious for a
student.4.Having answered the phone, he left the office in a hurry with the door open and the light(s)on.5.The result of the experiment is totally different(contrary to)from what we have expected, but we believe(that)the
more we explore, the more likely we are to/will succeed.徐汇区、松江区、金山区
1.2.3.4.5.这三天的社会实践让我们受益匪浅。（benefit）令我们宽慰的是，政府正在采取措施改善我们的住房条件。(relief)尽管困难重重，他从未放弃过成为一名优秀建筑师的愿望。（desire）第一次看Gangnam Style的时候，其生动的节奏，富有创意的舞蹈，给我留下了深刻的印象。（The first time）一些大城市的空气正日益恶化，这应该让我们警觉到：环保意识的缺乏已让市民付出了健康的代价。(alert)
1.We benefited a lot from the three-day social practice./ The three-day social practice benefited us a lot.2.To our relief, the government is taking measures/action to improve our housing conditions.3.Despite many difficulties / In spite of many difficulties, he never gave up his desire to become /be an excellent /
outstanding / a distinguished architect.4.The first time I watched Gangnam Style, I was deeply impressed by its lively rhythm and creative dance./ its lively
rhythm and creative dance impressed me a lot / deeply / greatly.5.The air quality in some big cities is getting / becoming from bad to worse, which should alert us(to the fact)that the
lack of environmental awareness has come at the expense of the health of the citizens./ the lack of environmental awareness(lacking environmental awareness)has cost the citizens their health./...that the citizens have paid(high)price for the lack of environmental awareness.闵行区
1.2.3.4.5.1.2.3.4.5.(worth)这孩子年龄太小，无法应对这么复杂的局面。(too...to...)当我心情不佳时，我常听听音乐来去除烦恼。(mood)经过热烈讨论，我们一致同意再为那所小学捐赠一台电脑。(agree)事实证明网络购物存在风险，因此下定单之前一定要深思熟虑。(exist)
1.2.3.4.5.你很有可能在这次考试中取得好成绩。(likely)每天摄入太多的盐和糖会对人体的健康造成严重的损害。(take in)汽油价格的不断上涨对人民的生活和国家的经济发展产生了很大的影响。(affect)迄今虽说屡屡采取严控措施，但绝大多数人仍然觉得难以承担目前的高房价。(though)他向经理保证，一经录用，他会竭尽所能为公司服务，绝不辜负公司的期望并为自己的理想打拼。(assure)
1.You are most likely to achieve good results in this examination./ It’s most likely that you will achieve good results
in this examination.2.Taking in too much salt and sugar every day will / may cause serious damage to people’s health./ It will / may
cause serious damage to people’s health if they take in too much salt and sugar every day.3.The constant / continuous rise in gasoline prices / That the prices of gasoline went up / rose constantly /
continuously has greatly affected the people’s life and the development of the country’s economy.4.Though severe / strict control measures have been taken repeatedly / again and again by now / up to now, the vast
majority of people / most people still feel / find it difficult / hard to afford the current high housing prices.5.He assured the manager that if / once(he was)appointed / accepted, he would do his best to work for / serve the
company, live up to the expectation of the company and strive for his own ideal.奉贤区
1.2.3.4.5.我们应积极参加各种各样的课外活动。(variety)公司在意的不是员工的长相，而是他们的工作表现。(care)记住，你的父母也曾经年少，大多数情况下他们能理解你正在经历的事情。(what)充足的锻炼、健康的饮食、规律的作息对保持最佳考试状态至关重要。(key)黄浦江被污染后，政府采取了许多有效的措施以改善水质，这使公众很满意。(improve)
1.We should take an active part in a variety of out-of-class activities.2.What a company cares about is not the employees’ appearance, but their job performance.3.Remember that your parents were teenagers once and that, in most cases, they can understand what you’re going
through.4.Adequate exercise, healthy eating/a healthy diet and regular sleep are the key to staying in top shape for exams.5.After the Huangpu River was polluted, the government has taken many effective measures to improve the quality of
the water, which has greatly satisfied the public.静安区、杨浦区、宝山区、青浦区
1.2.3.4.5.1.2.3.4.5.许多驾驶员对新的交通法规都感到不习惯。(use)传统的火车票购买方式已经被网络购买方式所取代了。(replace)过不了几天他们就会把面试结果寄给你的。(It)我们非常关心食品质量，因为它与每一个人的健康都息息相关。(concern)那些消防战士冒着生命危险把困在着火的屋子里的老人和小孩全部救了出来。（trap）
1.2.3.4.5.1.2.3.4.5.我们昨晚没有回家作业。(free)为了纪念这位战士，将举办一场音乐会。(memory)能否充分利用能源是科学家所面对的重要问题。(use)听说他的幽默感为英语节开幕式平添了一份快乐。(add）对语言学习者来说，接触英文材料并养成好的习惯能提高学习效率。(expose)
efficiency.闸北区
1.2.3.4.5.1.2.3.4.5.家长们越来越关注孩子的心理健康。(health)必须采取果断措施应对食品污染问题。(must)经过劝说，玛丽总算打消了去那个偏远城市安家的念头。(idea)只要你可以上网，任何难题几乎都可瞬间解决。(access)尽管生产商宣称这款天然的洗发水不含任何化学成分，消费者仍然兴趣寥寥。(although)
1.2.3.4.5.过马路时务必要小心。（sure）听流行音乐是我课余最爱的放松方式。（relax）是要都有副作用，这是每个人都应该有的医学常识。（which）那晚在观众席中看女儿弹钢琴，她的父母是多么地自豪啊！（How）即便上海牌照（the license plate）的价格一路飙升，人们对私家车的需求依然如故。（remain）
1.2.3.4.5.Be sure to be careful when crossing the road.Listening to pop music is my favorite way to relax after school.All medicine has side effects, which is medical knowledge everyone should have.How proud the parents were that night when they sat in the audience watching their daughter playing the piano!Despite the soaring price of license plate in Shanghai, people’s need for private cars remain the same.
第四篇：中译英祝福语
金玉满堂：Treasures fill the home
生意兴隆：Business flourishes
岁岁平安：Peace all year round
恭喜发财：Wishing you prosperity
和气生财：Harmony brings wealth
心想事成：May all your wishes come true
吉祥如意：Everything goes well
国泰民安：The country flourishes and people live in peace
招财进宝：Money and treasures will be plentiful
一帆风顺：Wishing you every success
步步高升：Promoting to a higher position
出入平安：Safe trip wherever you go
郎才女貌 talented guy and beautiful lady
天缘巧合 a destiny given by heaven and a wonderful match
天作之和 a match by heaven
心心相印 a complete meeting of minds
永结同心 to be of one mind forever
相亲相爱 to be kind and love to each other
百年好合 a harmonious union lasting a hundred years
永浴爱河 bathe in a river of love forever
佳偶天成 an ideal couple
百年琴瑟 married couple for a hundred years
百年偕老(of a married couple)to stick to each other for a hundred years
花好月圆 the flowers are in full bloom, and the moon is full-ideal time for wedding福禄鸳鸯 a happy wealthy couple
天缘巧合 a destiny given by heaven and a wonderful match
美满良缘 a happy and wonderful marriage
夫唱妇随 the man sings, the wife follows-domestic harmony
珠联璧合 an excellent match
凤凰于飞 a couple of phoenixes on the wing-happy marriage
美满家庭 a happy family
琴瑟和鸣 marital harmony;happy married life
相敬如宾(of a married couple)to respect each other as if the other were a guest
第五篇：中译英练习
Final Examination in C-to-E Translating Practice for the Graduate Students of 2008 Class(A Take-Home Examination)
Scores:
Translate the following passages into English, using what you have learned from the related courses in this semester.Try your best to make your English versions as readable and idiomatic as possible so as to fully demonstrate your C-to-E Translating proficiency.1、“胎教”自古不新鲜
作者：郭灿金
“胎教”似乎是件新鲜事，是个新名词。然而，我国古代就有非常完整的胎教理论，并且“胎教”这个名词也是古人创造的。
中国是世界上最早提出胎教的国家。在二千多前的《黄帝内经》中，就有关于“胎病”的论述。《大戴礼保傅》对于胎教更作出了明确的规定：“古者胎教，王后腹之七月，而就宴室。太史持铜而御户左，太宰持斗而御户右。比及三月者，王后所求声音非礼乐，则太师缊瑟而称不习；所求滋味者非正味，则太宰依斗而言曰：不敢以待王太子。”据《史记》记载，中国古代第一个对其子进行胎教的是周文王的母亲太任，因为受了严格的胎教，周文王生下来非常聪明。文王的孙子周成王也是接受过胎教之后而生，长大后也是智力超常。周朝就是这样用胎教的方法培养出一代代的理想接班人。到了汉代，各种书籍中出现了大量胎教内容的记载和论述，初步形成了胎教学说。宋代名医陈自明在《妇人大全良方》就有专篇“胎教论”。贾谊《新书》也有专门的《胎教》篇。《颜氏家训》也记载了相关内容：王后怀孩子三个月时，就要搬出皇宫，让她住在别宫里，眼不看不该看的东西，耳不听不该听的东西，所听音乐和所嗜口味等，都要按礼仪进行节制。到了明代，胎教学说更进一步完善和全面。清代陈梦雷等人把历代胎教学说汇集一起，立为“小儿未生胎养门”。
古人还曾这样总结过：“训子须从胎教始，端蒙必自小学初。”真可谓，“胎教”自古不新鲜。
（本文选自《读书文摘》2009年第5期，作者署名郭灿金。建议：先查证、弄懂文中的古汉语表述的准确含义之后，再行治译。）
①foetus education，nothing new since antiquity
Author: Guo Canjin
“foetus education”, seemly a new word, something strange, actually was created by people far from ancient times with a complete set of theory of antenatal training.It is China that first put forward the idea of foetus education.Treatments on fetal disease was recorded in the book back to 2,000 years —The Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine.The detailed prescriptions about prenatal training in Da, Sir.’s Book of Rites, Baaofu, read “ According to the ancient foetus education, the queen would be suggested to move to side-room Palace(a living place next to the room of Emperor)in her 7th month pregnancy, where Taishi(also called court historian or Grand Tutor, a formal name in ancient)holding the Tong(a kind of musical instrument)awaited the queen’s instructions beside the left of the door and meanwhile another official Taizai holding Dou(a kind of cooker, sometimes used as tableware)waited at the right of the door.In the last three months of queen’s pregnancy, Taishi would softly touch the musical instrument and pretend unfamiliar to play those pieces not living up to courtesy even though required by the queen.On the other hand, if ordered the improper menu, Taizai would not dare to cook by saying his incompetence in serving crown prince.According to Records of the Grand Historian of China, the first Chinese in ancient times taking the prenatal training was King Wen’s mother Tairen.Having been received strict antenatal training, King Wen of Zhou was born very clever.And King Wen’s grandson King Cheng of Zhou was also exceptional talent after receiving foetus education.Just in this way could Zhou dynasty educate many ideal successors generation after generation.When it came to Han Dynasty, a number of records and comments about foetus education emerging in public books initially formed the foetus education theory.In Song Dynasty, a famous doctor named Chen Ziming, wrote an essay specially for foetus education theory.In addition, JiaYi also made his article On Antenatal Training And Nursing published in New Book.Some relevant information were set down in Family Instructions of the Yan's: in the third month of queen’s pregnancy, she had to move from palace to side-room, not to see those should not see or hear those should not hear, and on matter what music queen would like to listen to or what dishes to eat, they must be performed rigorously and temperately according to proprieties.Advanced to Ming Dynasty, this theory was further improved and perfected.In Qing Dynasty, Chen Menglei and others collected those papers about foetus education in past dynasties together, titled “ An Educational Guidebook To Unborn Babies.The ancients used to make a summary as follows: child education should be started from womb and shape education direction from elementary stage.①古时候胎教，王后怀孕七个月后，就到宴室（宫殿名，侧室，燕寝之旁（燕寝，古代多指帝王寝息之所）).太史(应该是太师，古代三公之一(三公—太师、太傅、太保)，责为伦道经邦，为太子师法）拿着铜（古代的一种乐器）侍奉在门的左边，太宰（其职贵是辅佐君主治理国家）拿着斗（斗，一种餐具兼炊具方形，口大底小，有柄）站在右边，最后三个月（即产前三个月），王后要求听的乐曲不符合礼的标准，这样的话太师就会抚摸着乐器说自己不熟悉，不会演奏；所要求吃的滋味菜肴不是正确的，这样的话太宰就会拿着斗不敢烹调菜肴，说自己不敢服侍王太子。
2、五·四随想
作者：澧 人
屈指数“五四”，今年九十龄。这段岁月可不算短，期间吞没了无数的英雄块垒，美人情肠，真乃人活一世，草木一秋。但也有许多人虽死犹生，比如以陈独秀、胡适和鲁迅为代表的“五四”先贤们。
在“五四”一代文化人中，最具历史影响力的人物当数胡适和鲁迅。古人云：“春者，天
①之本怀；秋者，天之别调。”将此观点作一引申，胡适和鲁迅，大略也可视为本怀和别调之关系。不少学者慨叹，鲁迅一生有大孤独横亘于心，但在我看来，就心性和禀赋而言，胡适或许比鲁迅更孤独。我们可以从嵇康、徐渭、李贽等古人身上找到鲁迅的影子，但要从中国文化史上找一个胡适的前身或影子，则基本上无望。所以，理解鲁迅并不比理解胡适更为困难。
鲁迅弃医从文，但终生不脱医家的眼光。他深知中国人的灵魂病得很重，但究竟如何疗救，四顾彷徨的他又苦无良策；胡适弃农从文，却又像农学家那样希望地里长出好庄稼。他带回了新的种子，并将毕生精力耗在克服水土不服这一难题上。这是两个为国家命运而心力交瘁、苦恼万分的中国人，并因为这种苦恼而高贵。
正值“五四”九十周年，有关民主的话题自然受到人们的关切。前不久，俞可平在《半月谈》上发表文章，题为《关于民主亟待厘清的六个关系》。这篇文章最引人注目之处，在于提出“以发展民生去代替发展民主，是一种错误的思维”。是的，在当下中国，阻碍民生发展的诸多问题，如财富分配不公、纳税人负担沉重、公款消费数量惊人、权钱交易活动猖獗、经济领域垄断色彩依然浓厚等，都非发展民主不能解决。当然，发展民主的意义不只局限于发展民生，它还有助于人们获得更多的自由、尊严和真实。人类不是单纯的经济动物，除了企盼生活在富裕中，还希望生活在自由中，生活在尊严中，生活在真实中。不可侵犯的权利使人安享自由，手中握有的选票让人活得有尊严感，强有力的舆论监督帮助人们获得真实的信息。
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（本文节选自《书屋》2009年第5期上的“书屋絮语”栏目，作者署名澧 人。题目是选作考试材料时加上去的。基于对学生汉译英能力进行测试的考虑，文字作了些许删减。）
Random Thoughts On May Fourth Movement
Author: Li Ren
“May Fourth” has been 90 years old.90 years are long enough to kill a great many heroes’ and beauties’ hopes.It’s usually said that lives are as changeable as seasons.However, represented by Chen Duxiu, Hu Shi, and Lu Xun, a number of sages of May Fourth, still live on in spirit.Among those May Fourth intellectuals, the most influence are surely Hu Shi and Lu Xun.Ancient cloud: “Spring is the true color of the nature;autumn is just an additional emotional appeal.” Extension of this sentence means the general relationship of nature and scene between Hu Shi and Lu Xun.Many a scholar sighs with regrets that Lu Xun is lonely all through his life, nevertheless, in my opinion, from the point of temperament and endowment, maybe Hu Shi is more lonely than Lu Xun.We also can see Lu Xun’s image from Ji Kan, Xu Wei, Li Zhi and others.But it is basically in vain to look for a precursor or a figure like Hu Shi in Chinese culture.So it is not so hard to understand Lu Xun than Hu Shi.Lu Xun abandoned the study of medicine to another field of literature and looked at things in the view of a doctor.He knew very well that Chinese were badly spiritual ill but he still wondered how to find the way to cure them;on the other hand, Hu Shi shifted from the agriculture domain to writing.Like farmers who wish the land can yield good crops, Mr Hu took new seeds home and devoted his whole life to the problem of accustoming seeds to new circumstances.They are two great persons putting all their efforts on country’s destiny, eventually mentally and physically exhausted, however, becoming noble for what they are annoying.At the 90th anniversary of May Fourth Movement, undoubtedly the topic of democracy is being discussed.Not long before, Yu Keping had his one article published on China Comment titled—On six need-to-be-clarified democratic relations, the highlight of which is that it puts forward a point—it is a wrong thinking way to develop people's livelihood instead of democracy.In present China, there are actually many problems hindering the development of people’s livelihood, for instance the unjust distribution of wealth, heavy burden on taxpayers, the surprising number of misuse of public funds, rampancy of power-for-money deal, strongly monopoly of the economic field, and so on.All these can not be solved without developing democracy.It is sure that the development of democracy is not limited to the development of people’s livelihood and it also contributed to the pursuit of more freedom, dignity and benefit for people.Human beings, not merely economic animals, besides to live an affluent life, they also expect to live a free life, a life with dignity, and a real life as well.Inviolable rights enable people to enjoy their freedom so a vote in hand gives people a feeling that they live in dignity, and strong public opinion helps people get the real information.①春天才是大自然本来的面目, 秋天只是额外加出来的景象、情调
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