U1-4课文中译英

第一篇：U1-4课文中译英

高二第二学期Unit 1中译英如果一个人总是很乐意做别人要求他做的工作而且很有工作激情，这种人称为卖力的海狸。比方说，一位老师要求他的学生在第二天上学前每人需要完成100道数学题。当欧洲殖民者最终踏上北美大陆的时候，那有数以百万计的海狸。当年他们用海狸的皮交换所需要的商品在商品站，以后渐渐发展成了村庄然后又发展成城镇。袋子，无论男女，每个人生活中最简单实用的物品之一，却给这个世界带来了许多奇怪又不简单的语言表达方式。你对某事极有把握时，可以说“全在袋子里了”。没人能解释猫是怎么进入袋子里的，也没有人能解释它为何一直待在袋子里。当时，这个不诚实的商人打开袋子时，里面跳出的不是猪，而是一只喵喵叫的猫。我希望大家都明白我们今儿来这儿的目的。汉语也有一句谚语和你的意思相近。谚语是一种俗语，它们以简短的形式提供建议或阐述一种寓意。谚语通常是一句话，而且是押韵的。少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。我觉得这两句谚语有些道理。我们可以用前一句来鼓励，一位年轻时由于某种原因而没受过教育的人。很多人认为谚语逐渐过时了。实际是这样的：当一些老谚语不再被人们使用时，新谚语又被创造出来了。你们要收集一些表达一般真理的第一类谚语。让人感到有趣的是，人们总是“作”演讲，从来不“说”演讲。因此，在演讲时演讲者把自己参与其中，即当作表演是非常有用的。手势和面部表情都是口头交际时很重要的辅助手段。演讲者如果面无表情、没有手势或眼神交流地去作一场枯燥的长篇演讲是不会得到好评的。使用手势的技巧在于是否在使用时能运用适度自然。他们会很难相信你真的在讲笑话。你必须确保自己所运用的手势不重复太多，手势应富于表现力且有意义的。为了让你的演讲效果达到最好，你需要让每一位听众都感到你似乎在同他们面对面交流。如果你只是面向某一方面的观众，其他听众会感到你在冷落他们，从而对你所讲的内容失去兴趣。在规定时间里你要确保演讲不提前或拖后结束。在写演讲稿之前，对讲什么和讲多长时间要有一个清晰的思路，这将会节省你很多时间。正式演讲之前进行练习时，一定要用正确语速读出并且自己计时。用英语演讲时，演讲者应该紧扣主题，语言要简单明了、直截了当。所以，我们知道平均速度是每分钟大约150-160字。不管你说的是快还是慢，重要的一点要吐字清晰。否则，不管你认为你的演讲内容有多好，听众都不会对它感兴趣。停顿期间，听众会对你为什么要停顿而感到好奇，然后会焦虑地等待你的下一句话，而这正是你想要的效果。是什么迫使她引起每个人的注意呢？如果她的长相和才能无可炫耀，那么是什么使她如此受欢迎呢？杰米已经掌握了如何交友且保持友谊的秘诀。那些经常微笑的人总有让人着迷的地方。我们会情不自禁地靠近那些开心的人。微笑还传递自信，这在交友时是很重要的。当有人对我们所谈内容真正感兴趣时，他们会愿意跟你交谈。当别人发现你愿意聆听时，他们会愿意跟你交谈。

9当别人在与你交谈时，你要将注意力百分之一百集中在说话人身上。学会何时参与说话是很重要的。赞美别人或注意别人的天赋只需花很少一点时间。这会很自然地让他们对自己增强信心。努力成为总是看到别人优点的那种人。美国人使用“朋友”一词时很随意——就是说对他们来讲朋友不一定是他们真正喜欢的人。“最好的朋友”通常指两个相识相知已久的同性。这种情况也发生在邻里之间，原先与邻居的密切朋友关系会因为搬家而终止。初次见面相互打招呼的人并不总是想着建立某种友谊。时光飞逝。几乎不会讲英语，但不知为何我们竟能相互理解。那里建有许多大而漂亮的房子。我想我是不经意地意识到只有白人才能住在那。玛格特不再到我家来了，而当我问她什么时候会来我家时，她看上去似乎要哭了。大约15分钟以后，门铃响了，我们班上另外一个女孩玛丽进来了。我不会再找她了，她自由了，我告诉她不必因我烦恼，我不需要她了。赖安坐在前面，这样他的轮椅就不会挡别人的路。但我认为他无论坐在哪里都不会挡别人的路。后来事实证明就是那声简单的招呼，让我们成为好朋友。我们友谊的升华是大学三年级，当时赖安请我为他举旗将标志着他奥利匹克火炬跑的出发点。他将温和地回答我说，如果我愿意接受他的请求，他将非常荣幸。他说奥委会给他发来一封信，信中说为他举旗的人必须是对他很重要的人，对他来说，我很重要，因为我是他唯一真正的朋友，只有我才真正对他而不是对他的轮椅说话。接着，载有参加火炬跑选手的车子也开过来了。接下来街上所有人也开始喊。他属于这一伟大的历史时刻，它也让我成为其中的一部分。它向我们表明：正是有了爱，才有了这个世界的发展

第二篇：2013中译英范文

黄浦区

1.2.3.4.5.1.2.3.4.这个故事激励年轻人为更美好的生活奋斗。(inspire）时光飞逝，尤其当你聚精会神地读一本好书时。（absorb）安全系统不会允许你进入大楼，除非你有正确的密码。(unless)我从未想到过会在机场遇到多年未曾谋面的老朋友。(It)无用信息的传播会对人类社会产生不利影响的事实已经引起公众的注意。（that） The story inspires/inspired the youth /young people to struggle/strive for a better life.Time passes/flies quickly, especially when you are absorbed in reading a good book.The security system will not permit/allow you to enter the building unless you have the correct password.It never occurred to me that I would meet my old friend(who/whom)I hadn’t seen for quite a few years at the

airport.5.The fact that the spread of useless information can have a bad effect on human society has attracted the

attention/awareness of the public.杨浦区（第一次学业调研）

1.2.3.4.5.1.2.3.4.5.记得要学与思相结合。(combine)党号召官员们提高效率，避免浪费。(call)人们保护个人信息的意识有待提高。(remain)开发清洁的公共交通是被广泛认可的改善空气质量的好方法。(recognize)这位总统一直为缓慢的经济复苏和诸多外交事务的挑战忧心忡忡，但至今仍束手无策。(worry) Remember to combine learning with thinking.The Party calls on officials to increase efficiency and avoid waste.People’s awareness of personal information protection remains to be raised.Developing clean public transportation is widely recognized as a good way to improve air quality.The president has been worrying about the slow economic recovery and many challenges in foreign affairs, but so

far he hasn’t found a way out.浦东新区

1.2.3.4.5.他下定决心要实现抱负。(determine)居民们都希望有朝一日能更方便地享受图书馆的优质服务。（access）老师的赞赏给了我很大的鼓舞，这对一名学生而言非常宝贵。（which）接完电话，他既没关门也没关灯就匆匆忙忙离开了办公室。（with）实验结果与我们所期望的大相径庭，但我们相信探索越多，就越可能成功。（likely）

1.He is determined to realize/accomplish/achieve/fulfill his ambition.2.Residents all hope that they can have easy assess to the quality service of libraries one day(some day).3.The teacher’s compliment(s)gave me(filled me with)a great encouragement(inspiration), which is so precious for a

student.4.Having answered the phone, he left the office in a hurry with the door open and the light(s)on.5.The result of the experiment is totally different(contrary to)from what we have expected, but we believe(that)the

more we explore, the more likely we are to/will succeed.徐汇区、松江区、金山区

1.2.3.4.5.这三天的社会实践让我们受益匪浅。（benefit）令我们宽慰的是，政府正在采取措施改善我们的住房条件。(relief)尽管困难重重，他从未放弃过成为一名优秀建筑师的愿望。（desire）第一次看Gangnam Style的时候，其生动的节奏，富有创意的舞蹈，给我留下了深刻的印象。（The first time）一些大城市的空气正日益恶化，这应该让我们警觉到：环保意识的缺乏已让市民付出了健康的代价。(alert)

1.We benefited a lot from the three-day social practice./ The three-day social practice benefited us a lot.2.To our relief, the government is taking measures/action to improve our housing conditions.3.Despite many difficulties / In spite of many difficulties, he never gave up his desire to become /be an excellent /

outstanding / a distinguished architect.4.The first time I watched Gangnam Style, I was deeply impressed by its lively rhythm and creative dance./ its lively

rhythm and creative dance impressed me a lot / deeply / greatly.5.The air quality in some big cities is getting / becoming from bad to worse, which should alert us(to the fact)that the

lack of environmental awareness has come at the expense of the health of the citizens./ the lack of environmental awareness(lacking environmental awareness)has cost the citizens their health./...that the citizens have paid(high)price for the lack of environmental awareness.闵行区

1.2.3.4.5.1.2.3.4.5.(worth)这孩子年龄太小，无法应对这么复杂的局面。(too...to...)当我心情不佳时，我常听听音乐来去除烦恼。(mood)经过热烈讨论，我们一致同意再为那所小学捐赠一台电脑。(agree)事实证明网络购物存在风险，因此下定单之前一定要深思熟虑。(exist) electronic dictionary worth buying?The child is too young to deal with such complicated situation.When I am in a bad mood, I often listen to music to remove troubles.After a heated discussion, we all agreed to donate another computer for the primary school.Evidence has proved that risks exist in on-line shopping, so you have to think carefully before you place an order.虹口区

1.2.3.4.5.你很有可能在这次考试中取得好成绩。(likely)每天摄入太多的盐和糖会对人体的健康造成严重的损害。(take in)汽油价格的不断上涨对人民的生活和国家的经济发展产生了很大的影响。(affect)迄今虽说屡屡采取严控措施，但绝大多数人仍然觉得难以承担目前的高房价。(though)他向经理保证，一经录用，他会竭尽所能为公司服务，绝不辜负公司的期望并为自己的理想打拼。(assure)

1.You are most likely to achieve good results in this examination./ It’s most likely that you will achieve good results

in this examination.2.Taking in too much salt and sugar every day will / may cause serious damage to people’s health./ It will / may

cause serious damage to people’s health if they take in too much salt and sugar every day.3.The constant / continuous rise in gasoline prices / That the prices of gasoline went up / rose constantly /

continuously has greatly affected the people’s life and the development of the country’s economy.4.Though severe / strict control measures have been taken repeatedly / again and again by now / up to now, the vast

majority of people / most people still feel / find it difficult / hard to afford the current high housing prices.5.He assured the manager that if / once(he was)appointed / accepted, he would do his best to work for / serve the

company, live up to the expectation of the company and strive for his own ideal.奉贤区

1.2.3.4.5.我们应积极参加各种各样的课外活动。(variety)公司在意的不是员工的长相，而是他们的工作表现。(care)记住，你的父母也曾经年少，大多数情况下他们能理解你正在经历的事情。(what)充足的锻炼、健康的饮食、规律的作息对保持最佳考试状态至关重要。(key)黄浦江被污染后，政府采取了许多有效的措施以改善水质，这使公众很满意。(improve)

1.We should take an active part in a variety of out-of-class activities.2.What a company cares about is not the employees’ appearance, but their job performance.3.Remember that your parents were teenagers once and that, in most cases, they can understand what you’re going

through.4.Adequate exercise, healthy eating/a healthy diet and regular sleep are the key to staying in top shape for exams.5.After the Huangpu River was polluted, the government has taken many effective measures to improve the quality of

the water, which has greatly satisfied the public.静安区、杨浦区、宝山区、青浦区

1.2.3.4.5.1.2.3.4.5.许多驾驶员对新的交通法规都感到不习惯。(use)传统的火车票购买方式已经被网络购买方式所取代了。(replace)过不了几天他们就会把面试结果寄给你的。(It)我们非常关心食品质量，因为它与每一个人的健康都息息相关。(concern)那些消防战士冒着生命危险把困在着火的屋子里的老人和小孩全部救了出来。（trap） Many drivers don’t get used to the new traffic rules.The traditional way of buying train tickets has already been replaced by the one through the Internet.It won’t be a few days before they mail you the result about the interview.We are all concerned about the food quality because it is closely related to everyone’s health.Those firefighters risked their life to successfully rescue all the old and children trapped in the burning house.普陀区

1.2.3.4.5.1.2.3.4.5.我们昨晚没有回家作业。(free)为了纪念这位战士，将举办一场音乐会。(memory)能否充分利用能源是科学家所面对的重要问题。(use)听说他的幽默感为英语节开幕式平添了一份快乐。(add）对语言学习者来说，接触英文材料并养成好的习惯能提高学习效率。(expose) We were free from homework last night.In memory of the soldier, a concert will be held.Whether energy can be made good use of is an important problem scientists have faced.It was said that his sense of humor had added to happiness of the opening ceremony of English festival.For language learners, being exposed to English materials and developing good habits can enhance learning

efficiency.闸北区

1.2.3.4.5.1.2.3.4.5.家长们越来越关注孩子的心理健康。(health)必须采取果断措施应对食品污染问题。(must)经过劝说，玛丽总算打消了去那个偏远城市安家的念头。(idea)只要你可以上网，任何难题几乎都可瞬间解决。(access)尽管生产商宣称这款天然的洗发水不含任何化学成分，消费者仍然兴趣寥寥。(although) Parents pay more and more attention to children’s mental health.Decisive measures must be taken to deal with the problem of food pollution.Having been persuaded, Mary finally gave up the idea of settling down in that remote city.As long as you have access to the Internet, almost any difficult problem can be solved instantly.Although the manufacturer claimed that this kind of purely natural shampoo didn’t contain any chemicals,customers still showed little interest.长宁区、嘉定区

1.2.3.4.5.过马路时务必要小心。（sure）听流行音乐是我课余最爱的放松方式。（relax）是要都有副作用，这是每个人都应该有的医学常识。（which）那晚在观众席中看女儿弹钢琴，她的父母是多么地自豪啊！（How）即便上海牌照（the license plate）的价格一路飙升，人们对私家车的需求依然如故。（remain）

1.2.3.4.5.Be sure to be careful when crossing the road.Listening to pop music is my favorite way to relax after school.All medicine has side effects, which is medical knowledge everyone should have.How proud the parents were that night when they sat in the audience watching their daughter playing the piano!Despite the soaring price of license plate in Shanghai, people’s need for private cars remain the same.

第三篇：中译英祝福语

金玉满堂：Treasures fill the home

生意兴隆：Business flourishes

岁岁平安：Peace all year round

恭喜发财：Wishing you prosperity

和气生财：Harmony brings wealth

心想事成：May all your wishes come true

吉祥如意：Everything goes well

国泰民安：The country flourishes and people live in peace

招财进宝：Money and treasures will be plentiful

一帆风顺：Wishing you every success

步步高升：Promoting to a higher position

出入平安：Safe trip wherever you go

郎才女貌 talented guy and beautiful lady

天缘巧合 a destiny given by heaven and a wonderful match

天作之和 a match by heaven

心心相印 a complete meeting of minds

永结同心 to be of one mind forever

相亲相爱 to be kind and love to each other

百年好合 a harmonious union lasting a hundred years

永浴爱河 bathe in a river of love forever

佳偶天成 an ideal couple

百年琴瑟 married couple for a hundred years

百年偕老(of a married couple)to stick to each other for a hundred years

花好月圆 the flowers are in full bloom, and the moon is full-ideal time for wedding福禄鸳鸯 a happy wealthy couple

天缘巧合 a destiny given by heaven and a wonderful match

美满良缘 a happy and wonderful marriage

夫唱妇随 the man sings, the wife follows-domestic harmony

珠联璧合 an excellent match

凤凰于飞 a couple of phoenixes on the wing-happy marriage

美满家庭 a happy family

琴瑟和鸣 marital harmony;happy married life

相敬如宾(of a married couple)to respect each other as if the other were a guest

第四篇：中译英练习

Final Examination in C-to-E Translating Practice for the Graduate Students of 2008 Class(A Take-Home Examination)

Scores:

Translate the following passages into English, using what you have learned from the related courses in this semester.Try your best to make your English versions as readable and idiomatic as possible so as to fully demonstrate your C-to-E Translating proficiency.1、“胎教”自古不新鲜

作者：郭灿金

“胎教”似乎是件新鲜事，是个新名词。然而，我国古代就有非常完整的胎教理论，并且“胎教”这个名词也是古人创造的。

中国是世界上最早提出胎教的国家。在二千多前的《黄帝内经》中，就有关于“胎病”的论述。《大戴礼保傅》对于胎教更作出了明确的规定：“古者胎教，王后腹之七月，而就宴室。太史持铜而御户左，太宰持斗而御户右。比及三月者，王后所求声音非礼乐，则太师缊瑟而称不习；所求滋味者非正味，则太宰依斗而言曰：不敢以待王太子。”据《史记》记载，中国古代第一个对其子进行胎教的是周文王的母亲太任，因为受了严格的胎教，周文王生下来非常聪明。文王的孙子周成王也是接受过胎教之后而生，长大后也是智力超常。周朝就是这样用胎教的方法培养出一代代的理想接班人。到了汉代，各种书籍中出现了大量胎教内容的记载和论述，初步形成了胎教学说。宋代名医陈自明在《妇人大全良方》就有专篇“胎教论”。贾谊《新书》也有专门的《胎教》篇。《颜氏家训》也记载了相关内容：王后怀孩子三个月时，就要搬出皇宫，让她住在别宫里，眼不看不该看的东西，耳不听不该听的东西，所听音乐和所嗜口味等，都要按礼仪进行节制。到了明代，胎教学说更进一步完善和全面。清代陈梦雷等人把历代胎教学说汇集一起，立为“小儿未生胎养门”。

古人还曾这样总结过：“训子须从胎教始，端蒙必自小学初。”真可谓，“胎教”自古不新鲜。

（本文选自《读书文摘》2009年第5期，作者署名郭灿金。建议：先查证、弄懂文中的古汉语表述的准确含义之后，再行治译。）

①foetus education，nothing new since antiquity

Author: Guo Canjin

“foetus education”, seemly a new word, something strange, actually was created by people far from ancient times with a complete set of theory of antenatal training.It is China that first put forward the idea of foetus education.Treatments on fetal disease was recorded in the book back to 2,000 years —The Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine.The detailed prescriptions about prenatal training in Da, Sir.’s Book of Rites, Baaofu, read “ According to the ancient foetus education, the queen would be suggested to move to side-room Palace(a living place next to the room of Emperor)in her 7th month pregnancy, where Taishi(also called court historian or Grand Tutor, a formal name in ancient)holding the Tong(a kind of musical instrument)awaited the queen’s instructions beside the left of the door and meanwhile another official Taizai holding Dou(a kind of cooker, sometimes used as tableware)waited at the right of the door.In the last three months of queen’s pregnancy, Taishi would softly touch the musical instrument and pretend unfamiliar to play those pieces not living up to courtesy even though required by the queen.On the other hand, if ordered the improper menu, Taizai would not dare to cook by saying his incompetence in serving crown prince.According to Records of the Grand Historian of China, the first Chinese in ancient times taking the prenatal training was King Wen’s mother Tairen.Having been received strict antenatal training, King Wen of Zhou was born very clever.And King Wen’s grandson King Cheng of Zhou was also exceptional talent after receiving foetus education.Just in this way could Zhou dynasty educate many ideal successors generation after generation.When it came to Han Dynasty, a number of records and comments about foetus education emerging in public books initially formed the foetus education theory.In Song Dynasty, a famous doctor named Chen Ziming, wrote an essay specially for foetus education theory.In addition, JiaYi also made his article On Antenatal Training And Nursing published in New Book.Some relevant information were set down in Family Instructions of the Yan's: in the third month of queen’s pregnancy, she had to move from palace to side-room, not to see those should not see or hear those should not hear, and on matter what music queen would like to listen to or what dishes to eat, they must be performed rigorously and temperately according to proprieties.Advanced to Ming Dynasty, this theory was further improved and perfected.In Qing Dynasty, Chen Menglei and others collected those papers about foetus education in past dynasties together, titled “ An Educational Guidebook To Unborn Babies.The ancients used to make a summary as follows: child education should be started from womb and shape education direction from elementary stage.①古时候胎教，王后怀孕七个月后，就到宴室（宫殿名，侧室，燕寝之旁（燕寝，古代多指帝王寝息之所）).太史(应该是太师，古代三公之一(三公—太师、太傅、太保)，责为伦道经邦，为太子师法）拿着铜（古代的一种乐器）侍奉在门的左边，太宰（其职贵是辅佐君主治理国家）拿着斗（斗，一种餐具兼炊具方形，口大底小，有柄）站在右边，最后三个月（即产前三个月），王后要求听的乐曲不符合礼的标准，这样的话太师就会抚摸着乐器说自己不熟悉，不会演奏；所要求吃的滋味菜肴不是正确的，这样的话太宰就会拿着斗不敢烹调菜肴，说自己不敢服侍王太子。

2、五·四随想

作者：澧 人

屈指数“五四”，今年九十龄。这段岁月可不算短，期间吞没了无数的英雄块垒，美人情肠，真乃人活一世，草木一秋。但也有许多人虽死犹生，比如以陈独秀、胡适和鲁迅为代表的“五四”先贤们。

在“五四”一代文化人中，最具历史影响力的人物当数胡适和鲁迅。古人云：“春者，天

①之本怀；秋者，天之别调。”将此观点作一引申，胡适和鲁迅，大略也可视为本怀和别调之关系。不少学者慨叹，鲁迅一生有大孤独横亘于心，但在我看来，就心性和禀赋而言，胡适或许比鲁迅更孤独。我们可以从嵇康、徐渭、李贽等古人身上找到鲁迅的影子，但要从中国文化史上找一个胡适的前身或影子，则基本上无望。所以，理解鲁迅并不比理解胡适更为困难。

鲁迅弃医从文，但终生不脱医家的眼光。他深知中国人的灵魂病得很重，但究竟如何疗救，四顾彷徨的他又苦无良策；胡适弃农从文，却又像农学家那样希望地里长出好庄稼。他带回了新的种子，并将毕生精力耗在克服水土不服这一难题上。这是两个为国家命运而心力交瘁、苦恼万分的中国人，并因为这种苦恼而高贵。

正值“五四”九十周年，有关民主的话题自然受到人们的关切。前不久，俞可平在《半月谈》上发表文章，题为《关于民主亟待厘清的六个关系》。这篇文章最引人注目之处，在于提出“以发展民生去代替发展民主，是一种错误的思维”。是的，在当下中国，阻碍民生发展的诸多问题，如财富分配不公、纳税人负担沉重、公款消费数量惊人、权钱交易活动猖獗、经济领域垄断色彩依然浓厚等，都非发展民主不能解决。当然，发展民主的意义不只局限于发展民生，它还有助于人们获得更多的自由、尊严和真实。人类不是单纯的经济动物，除了企盼生活在富裕中，还希望生活在自由中，生活在尊严中，生活在真实中。不可侵犯的权利使人安享自由，手中握有的选票让人活得有尊严感，强有力的舆论监督帮助人们获得真实的信息。

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（本文节选自《书屋》2009年第5期上的“书屋絮语”栏目，作者署名澧 人。题目是选作考试材料时加上去的。基于对学生汉译英能力进行测试的考虑，文字作了些许删减。）

Random Thoughts On May Fourth Movement

Author: Li Ren

“May Fourth” has been 90 years old.90 years are long enough to kill a great many heroes’ and beauties’ hopes.It’s usually said that lives are as changeable as seasons.However, represented by Chen Duxiu, Hu Shi, and Lu Xun, a number of sages of May Fourth, still live on in spirit.Among those May Fourth intellectuals, the most influence are surely Hu Shi and Lu Xun.Ancient cloud: “Spring is the true color of the nature;autumn is just an additional emotional appeal.” Extension of this sentence means the general relationship of nature and scene between Hu Shi and Lu Xun.Many a scholar sighs with regrets that Lu Xun is lonely all through his life, nevertheless, in my opinion, from the point of temperament and endowment, maybe Hu Shi is more lonely than Lu Xun.We also can see Lu Xun’s image from Ji Kan, Xu Wei, Li Zhi and others.But it is basically in vain to look for a precursor or a figure like Hu Shi in Chinese culture.So it is not so hard to understand Lu Xun than Hu Shi.Lu Xun abandoned the study of medicine to another field of literature and looked at things in the view of a doctor.He knew very well that Chinese were badly spiritual ill but he still wondered how to find the way to cure them;on the other hand, Hu Shi shifted from the agriculture domain to writing.Like farmers who wish the land can yield good crops, Mr Hu took new seeds home and devoted his whole life to the problem of accustoming seeds to new circumstances.They are two great persons putting all their efforts on country’s destiny, eventually mentally and physically exhausted, however, becoming noble for what they are annoying.At the 90th anniversary of May Fourth Movement, undoubtedly the topic of democracy is being discussed.Not long before, Yu Keping had his one article published on China Comment titled—On six need-to-be-clarified democratic relations, the highlight of which is that it puts forward a point—it is a wrong thinking way to develop people's livelihood instead of democracy.In present China, there are actually many problems hindering the development of people’s livelihood, for instance the unjust distribution of wealth, heavy burden on taxpayers, the surprising number of misuse of public funds, rampancy of power-for-money deal, strongly monopoly of the economic field, and so on.All these can not be solved without developing democracy.It is sure that the development of democracy is not limited to the development of people’s livelihood and it also contributed to the pursuit of more freedom, dignity and benefit for people.Human beings, not merely economic animals, besides to live an affluent life, they also expect to live a free life, a life with dignity, and a real life as well.Inviolable rights enable people to enjoy their freedom so a vote in hand gives people a feeling that they live in dignity, and strong public opinion helps people get the real information.①春天才是大自然本来的面目, 秋天只是额外加出来的景象、情调

第五篇：9.11hanxiaozf中译英(中英对照)

随着我国社会经济的不断发展，国有企业在我国经济领域扮演的角色也不断的发生变化。而S公司作为我国改革开放后成立的第一批国家级开发区的第一批区属国有企业，其发展也进入了新的历史阶段。在成立的近30年时间中，S公司逐步形成同时拥有十余个大小项目，业务领域覆盖较广的的企业。但随着多个项目同时开展，加之市场竞争的加剧、国有资产出资人对于项目绩效要求的不断提升、企业内部资源稀缺等因素，S公司迫切需要建立适应多项目同时运作的项目管理组织体系。

本文正是根据上述背景，灵活运用理论研究和实例调研相结合的方式，阐述了 S 公司实施项目组合管理的必要性、目的和意义。同时在大量对项目管理、项目组合管理理论文献研究的基础上，结合S公司的具体情况，从企业外部环境及内部情况分析逐步深入，重点分析了企业管理现状和存在的问题，进而探索并建立了适应S公司的项目组合管理模式，主要包含了明确项目组合管理观念、建立项目组合管理体系、明确项目组合管理流程、建立项目优选机制、项目组合管理实施、项目组合管理保障系统、冲突的实施对策等七个方面。通过以上体制、机制、制度规范了 S公司实施项目组合管理的整体程序。

本文从最为基础也是最重要的项目管理这个角度进行了一些探索，为S公司如何在经济环境日益复杂、竞争日益激烈的时代，在央企及大型私营企业、外资企业强势挤压下夹缝般的生存环境里，摆脱体制陈旧的束缚，挣脱资本条件薄弱的不利影响，探索出了一条切实可行的道路，即充分利用现代化先进管理思想武装自己，实现创新突破，提升管理效能。

关键词：项目管理，项目组合管理，项目管理体系