2014高三英语一轮语法练习(6)动词的时态和语态范文

第一篇：2014高三英语一轮语法练习(6)动词的时态和语态范文

（6）动词的时态和语态

1．(2012·唐山质检)—What's that terrible noise,David?

—Oh,I forgot to tell you.The new machines in the nearby plant________.A．were testedB．will be tested

C．are being testedD．have been tested

2．(2012·烟台检测)The attackers were arrested and didn't know where they________.A．would takeB．are taken

C．were being takenD．will be taken

3．(2012·南京调研)People begin to know that most environmental problems exist because necessary measures for preventing them________ taken in the past.A．are notB．were not

C．hadn't beenD．wouldn't be

4．(2012·淮阳检测)—Monitor?

—I'm not monitor of our class.I________ with the teacher until the monitor is elected.A．will just helpB．am just to help

C．am just helpingD．have just helped

5．(2012·南京检测)—I hear you________ at Smith's.—Yes,I________ there for about three months.A．work;had been working

B．worked;was working

C．are working;have been working

D．worked;have worked

6．(2012·徐州调研)—Why didn't you come to the cinema with us last Saturday?

—Oh,sorry.But I________ the film.A．seeB．saw

C．have seenD．had seen

7．A big step ________ to strengthen China health care systems since we launched an effort in 2008.A．has been takenB．is being taken

C．was takenD．had been taken

8．(2012·汕头模拟)I have been on diet for months and next time you see me,I ________ five pounds.A．will have lostB．will lose

C．have lostD．am losing

9．(2012·启东模拟)—Are you going to further your studies after graduation?

—Well,I________ yet.I might make some other choices.A．didn't decideB．haven't decided

C．don't decideD．hadn't decided

10．(2012·信阳质检)Mary,I should tell you it is the third time that you________ your homework.A．forgot to doB．forgot doingC．have forgotten to doD．had forgotten doing

11．—We thought he would have won the game.—What a pity！He ________ too nervous when playing.A．had beenB．has been

C．wasD．would have been

12．(2012·长春质检)—When did you move to Sanya?

—In 2008.But I________ in Tibet for 8 years.A．has workedB．has been worked

C．have been workingD．worked

13．—Can you give some advice on what I said just now?

—Sorry.My mind ________.A．is wanderingB．was wandering

C．has wanderedD．has wandered

14．(2012·荆门二模)—Look！What a mistake！Why?

—Sorry,I________ on it.A．don't concentrate

B．hadn't concentrated

C．haven't been concentrating

D．wasn't concentrating

15．(2012·大连二模)After moving for a while, the driver realized that he ________ in the wrong direction.A．is drivingB．was driving

C．droveD．would drive

16．(2012·南京调研)—Jim, can you get in touch with Peter?

—I'm sorry, but I ________ his telephone number.A．don't knowB．didn't know

C．haven't knowD．won't know

17．—That must have been a challenging examination.—Yes.It ________ me half a year to get ready for it.A．takesB．took

C．has takenD．was taking

18．(2012·漳州模拟)—Mike left the airport two minutes ago.—Oh, can you tell me when he ________ home?

A．getsB．will get

C．gotD．has got

19．(2012·淮阳月考)With the sharp drop of the share prices all around the world, some economists predicted that the second economic crisis ________ soon.A．cameB．has come

C．would comeD．had come

20．(2012·深圳调研)The famous writer ________ in a coal mine for 15 years.When he was 36, a person was to change his life.A．has workedB．had worked

C．workedD．works解析：考查动词的时态。根据问句中的What's that terrible noise 可知,这里应该用进行时态,噪音是机器正在被检测时发出的,所以用现在进行时的被动语态。

答案：C解析：句意为：袭击者被捕了,他们不知道正被带往何处。根据didn't know 可知,空格处也应该用过去的某种时态,所以B、D不正确;根据句意可知此处用被动语态,故选C。

答案：C解析：句意为：人们开始了解到由于在过去没有采取必要的预防措施从而造成了大多数的环境问题。in the past暗示出用过去时态;hadn't been 指在一个过去的动作或时间之前发生的事情;wouldn't be 表过去将来,故B项正确。

答案：B解析：考查时态。下句意为：我只是在帮助老师,直到选出班长为止。根据上下句语意可知,此处用现在进行时,表示答话者当时所处的状态。

答案：C解析：本题考查时态。听说你正在Smith's 上班,因此应该使用现在进行时态;我在那里已经工作大约三个月了(可能还会持续下去),因此需要使用现在完成进行时态。

答案：C解析：考查动词的时态。由语意可知,这个电影在上周六(last Saturday)之前就已经看过了,也就是说动作发生在“过去的过去”,因此应该用过去完成时。

答案：D解析：考查时态。since(自从)所在的从句用了一般过去时,主句一般用现在完成时。

答案：A解析：本题考查动词时态。句意为：我已经减肥好几个月了,等下次再见我时,我就会轻五磅。根据语境知句子要用将来完成时,故A项正确。

答案：A解析：本题考查动词时态。从答语：也许还有别的打算可知,目前还没有做出决定,故用现在完成时。答案：B解析：考查时态和非谓语动词。“It is(was)the＋序数词＋time＋that从句”,表示“是某人第几次做某事”,在此句型中,若前面为it is,则that 从句用现在完成时,若前面为it was,则that 从句用过去完成时;而forget to do sth.表示忘了应去做某事,forget doing sth.表示忘了已做过某事。根据语意可知此题应选C。

答案：C解析：考查动词时态。句意为：他当时太紧张了。答语是对过去事实的陈述,用一般过去时。答案：C解析：考查时态。由题干可知答话人在2008年搬到三亚之前曾在西藏工作过8年,叙述的是过去的事实,故应用一般过去时。

答案：D解析：考查动词的时态。从语境可知“刚才你说话的时候,我走神了”,此处强调“过去某个时刻正在进行”的状态,所以用过去进行时,答案选B项。

答案：B解析：考查时态。此处表示的是在说话之前的那段时间内没有专心,因此用过去进行时。

答案：D解析：考查时态。用过去进行时态表示过去某段时间正在发生的事情。司机意识到他正开往错误的方向。

答案：B解析：考查时态。此处强调目前的状况,故用一般现在时态。

答案：A解析：考查时态。句中的must have been表示的是对过去情况的肯定推测,可推断考试发生在过去,故用一般过去时态。

答案：B解析：考查时态。when引导一个宾语从句,根据语意可知此处讲的是将来的事情,故用一般将来时态。

答案：B解析：考查时态。根据时间状语soon可知此处用将来时态,本句的主句谓语动词为一般过去时态,故此处应用过去将来时态。

答案：C解析：考查动词的时态。根据语意可以判断此处描述的是过去发生的事情,故用一般过去时态。此处不强调一个动作对另一个动作的影响或动作的先后顺序,不用过去完成时。

答案：C

第二篇：2014高三英语一轮语法练习动词和动词短语

（5）动词和动词短语

1．(2012·徐州模拟)The headmaster will________ a speech to the visiting foreign guests this afternoon.A．deliverB．address

C．announceD．declare

2．—I think I should wear a dress instead of this jeans.—It's just a small informal party,so you don't have to________.A．warm upB．put up

C．dress upD．keep up

3．(2012·烟台月考)If you keep practising your son in football,he ________ to make a famous player.A．wantsB．hopes

C．promisesD．wishes

4．(2011·烟台模拟)Newly－developed materials for spaceships can________ extreme weather conditions.A．holdB．support

C．standD．compete

5．(2012·汕头期中)Everyone in the village hoped that he would________ after a few days' treatment.A．pick upB．come up

C．keep upD．make up

6．(2012·焦作期中)He didn't ________ what I said because his mind was on something else.A．hold onB．hang on

C．take inD．get over

7．(2012·蚌埠模拟)Stella was disappointed to find her new plan________ and fell into great depression.A．put awayB．carried out

C．turned downD．left out

8．(2012·日照模拟)What the young man can't________ is that his mum always treats him like a baby.A．supportB．undertake

C．holdD．bear

9．(2012·长春质检)Internet shopping is really________ when people are sure of its safety.A．taking offB．taking up

C．setting offD．setting up

10．(2012·大连二模)The girl nodded with a smile as if she had ________ his mind.A．readB．found

C．watchedD．noticed

11．She is working hard all day long,which will surely________ her success in her future work.A．result fromB．contribute to

C．benefit fromD．stick to

12．(2012·宿州二模)Thanks to the success of the business,we can________ a flat this year.A．makeB．devote

C．removeD．afford

13．I didn't like the soap opera at first,but when I started watching one,I immediately became ________ it.A．accustomed toB．addicted to

C．opposed toD．allergic to

14．(2012·重庆调研)—Have you been________ ?

—Yeah.As a matter of fact,I've been going to the gym for half a year now.A．carrying outB．turning out

C．making outD．working out

15．(2011·南京模拟)The idea of travelling abroad really________ a lot of Chinese people.That's why every year witnesses more people applying for passports.A．takes toB．caters to

C．attends toD．appeals to

16．A recent survey showed that 85 percent of those ________ said their salary increases were less than the country's average annual growth rate.A．approachedB．appreciatedC．interviewedD．examined

17．(2012·南通调研)I admire her very much in that she successfully ________ her career and family life.A．acceptsB．receives

C．combinesD．collects

18．(2012·长沙月考)While many Chinese students say that their knowedge of English grammar is good, most would ________ that their spoken English is poor.A．acknowledgeB．adjust

C．disagreeD．present

19．(2012·德州二模)The Dtrain accident has once again ________ our awareness that safety should always come first in the process of development.A．raisedB．spotted

C．claimedD．placed

20．(2012·泰州模拟)While people ________ the towering beauty of Stonehenge, they've kept wondering about how and why it was built.A．acquireB．examine

C．admireD．avoid解析：句意：今天下午校长将要对来访的外宾发表讲话。deliver 发表;deliver a speech 发表演讲;address sb.对某人讲话,对某人发表演说;announce 宣布,通告;declare 宣告,声明。

答案：A解析：句意为：——我觉得我应该穿礼服不能穿牛仔服。——这只是一个不太正式的小聚会,因此,你不必刻意打扮。dress up 穿上特殊服装,乔装,化妆。

答案：C解析：句意为：如果你坚持对你儿子进行足球训练,他有希望成为一个著名的球员。promise 有前途,有......的可能。

答案：C解析：句意为：新研发的航空材料能经受极端天气条件的考验。stand 抵抗,抵御,经受,符合语境。答案：C解析：句意为：村里的每一个人都希望他能在几天的治疗后康复。pick up 好转,恢复;come up 走上前来,发芽,发生;keep up 保持;make up 编造,弥补,化装,构成。

答案：A解析：句意为：他没有理解我说的话,因为他刚才想别的呢。take in理解,领会;hold on 不挂断;hang on 坚持,不挂断,靠着,渴望;get over 爬过,克服,熬过,恢复。

答案：C解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意为：Stella 看到她的计划被拒绝非常失望,难以振作。put away 收起来,放好;carry out 完成;turn down 拒绝;leave out 漏掉,忽略。

答案：C解析：考查动词辨析。bear 此处表示“忍受”;support 表示“支持”;undertake 表示“从事”;hold 则表示“容纳”。根据语意“那个年轻人无法容忍的是......”,选D项。

答案：D解析：考查动词词组辨析。句意为：当人们确认了它的安全性之后,网络购物真的迅速流行起来。take off 表示“迅速流行”;take up 表示“从事,占据”;set off 表示“出发”;set up 表示“建造,建立”。根据语意选A项。

答案：A解析：考查动词词义辨析。read one's mind 是固定搭配,表示“读懂某人的心思”。

答案：A解析：考查动词词组辨析。语意表示“她整天努力工作,这肯定会有助于她未来工作的成功”。这里contribute to 表示“导致,有助于”;result from 表示“因......发生”;benefit from表示“从......中获益”;stick to 则表示“坚持”。根据句意,选B项。

答案：B解析：考查动词辨析。句意为：由于生意很好,今年我们能买得起房子了。afford 买得起,负担得起。

答案：D解析：考查动词词组辨析。句意为：我起初不喜欢肥皂剧,但看了一个后我马上就上瘾了。这里用become addicted to 表示“对......上瘾/入迷”;become accustomed to 表示“习惯于......”;become opposed to 表

示“反对......”;become allergic to 则表示“对......过敏”。根据语意选B项。

答案：B解析：考查动词短语。——你一直健身吗?——是的,事实上,我去健身房已有半年了。work out 有“(定期)锻炼,健身”的意思,符合题意。make out 应付,过;carry out 实施,执行;turn out 出席,在场。

答案：D解析：本题考查动词短语。根据题中的后一句可知,出国旅游吸引了很多中国人,因此选择appeal to(吸引)。cater to迎合,满足某人的要求;attend to 照看,处理;take to 开始喜欢。

答案：D解析：考查动词辨析。与前面的survey(调查)呼应,本空选C表示“采访”;最近一项调查显示,接受采访的人中,85%都说他们的工资增长赶不上全国平均增长速度。

答案：C解析：考查动词辨析。语意：我非常佩服她,因为她能成功地兼顾事业和家庭。combine sth.and/with sth.表示“同时做(两件或两件以上的事),兼办”,符合语意。

答案：C解析：考查动词辨析。语意表示“大部分学生承认,他们的英语口语很糟糕”,这里用acknowledge表示“承认”。

答案：A解析：考查动词辨析。语意表示“动车事故再次提高了我们的意识”,raise表示“提高”,符合语意。答案：A解析：考查动词辨析。语意表示“当在观赏巨石阵的时候,人们一直想知识它是怎样建成的,为什么要建它”,用admire表示“观赏,欣赏”。

答案：C

第三篇：动词时态和语态教案专题

动词时态和语态教案

徐红平2012-9动词时态和语态

目标：1.掌握英语的八种基本时态和几种常考时态

2.了解并熟练掌握高考的几种热点时态

3.区分并正确运用几种易混时态

一、英语的常见时态：

一般

进行

完成完成进行

现在

一般现在时

现在进行时

现在完成时

现在完成进行时

过去

一般过去时

过去进行时

过去完成时

过去完成进行时

将来

一般将来时

将来进行时

将来完成时 /

过去将来

过去将来时

/ / /

练兵场——稳操胜券

1.Look at the timetable.Hurry up!Flight 4026 ______ off at 18∶20.A.takes

B.took

C.will be taken

D.has taken 答案 A 解析: 飞机、火车等按时刻表运行，表达时用一般现在时表将来。

2.The young girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous.She_before.A.hasn’t flown

B.didn’t fly

C.hadn’t flown

D.wasn’t flying

答案 C 解析: hadn’t flown动作发生在was nervous之前。

3.My cousin went to Canada two years ago.He ______ there for a few months and then went to America.A.worked

B.would work

C.would be working

D.has been working 答案 A 解析: 考查一般过去时的基本用法。句中并列连词and连接两个发生在过去的顺承的动作，时态应该一致。

4.--Your job ______ open for your return.--Thanks.A.will be kept

B.will keep

C.had kept

D.had been kept 答案 A 解析: keep the job/the position open使工作、职位等处于空缺状态，由句意“随时欢迎你回来工作”可知用将来时。

5.--______ you ______ him around the museum yet?--Yes.We had a great time there.A.Have;shown

B.Do;show C.Had;shown

D.Did;show 答案 A 解析: 此处表示说话者询问对方“有没有带领他参观博物馆”的结果，故用现在完成时。6.--I saw Jane and her boyfriend in the park at eight yesterday evening.--Impossible.She ______ TV with me in my home then.A.watched

B.had watched

C.would watch

D.was watching 答案 D 解析: 考查动词时态。句意为：“我昨晚8点钟在公园看见简和她男朋友了！”“不可能。她当时正在我家和我一起看电视。”此处时间状语为then，指的是at eight yesterday evening，指过去某一时间点正在进行的动作，故应用过去进行时态。7.The flowers were so lovely that they ______ in no time.A.sold

B.had been sold

C.were sold

D.would sell 答案 C 解析: 由“were so...”可知此处用一般过去时态；flowers应该是“被卖光”，故用被动形式。8.--What’s that noise?

--Oh, I forgot to tell you.The new machine ______.A.was tested

B.will be tested C.is being tested

D.has been tested 答案 C 解析: 根据一对一的问答可知，“机器正在被检测”，故选C项。

9.In a room above the store，where a party ______, some workers were busily setting the table.A.was to be held

B.has been held C.will be held

D.is being held 答案 A 解析: 考查动词的时态与语态。根据“some workers were busily setting the table”判断，聚会还没举行，应用将来时态，且整个句子用了过去时，故用过去将来时态。10.--I have got a headache.--No wonder.You ______ in front of that computer too long.A.work

B.are working

C.have been working

D.worked 答案 C 解析: 考查动词的时态。由“I have got a headache”可知，空处应用现在完成进行时表示动作“从过去开始持续至今且还会进行下去”，体现过去开始的动作对现在的影响及结果。

二、热点时态: 一般过去时，现在完成时，过去完成时，过去进行时 1.I ______ you not to move my dictionary--now I cannot find it.A.asked

B.ask

C.was asking

D.had asked 2.--The window is dirty.--I know.It ____ for weeks.A.hasn’t cleaned B.didn’t clear C.wasn’t cleaned D.hasn’t been cleaned 3.She was surprised to find the fridge empty;the child _____ everything!A.had been eating

B.had eaten

C.have eaten

D.have been eating 4.--Has Sam finished his homework today?

--I have no idea.He ______ it this morning.A.did

B.has done

C.was doing

D.had done 5.--Have you decided already?

--Yes, I______ at once.--Yes, I______ already.A.have decided

B.decided

C.will decide

D.had decided

三、易混时态辨析: 1.一般现在时和现在进行时

1).Listen to the two girls by the window.What language ____ they _______(speak)? 2).I ______ ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the new year.A.will play

B.have played

C.played

D.play 一般现在时指经常性，习惯性的动作；而现在进行时则表示此刻或近一段时间正在进行的动作。

2.一般过去时和过去进行时

1).He ______ a book about China last year, but I don’t know if he ______ it.A.wrote;has finished

B.was writing;has finished C.was writing;had finished

D.wrote;will finish

过去进行时表当时正在进行而尚未完成的动作或状态。2).As she _______ the newspaper, Granny _______ asleep.A.read;was falling

B.was reading;fell

C.was reading;was falling

D.read;fell

长动作在进行时,被一个短动作打断,长动作用进行体,短动作用一般体。一般过去时表示一个已经完成的动作或过去习惯性的动作，过去进行时表示过去某时正在进行的动作，具有持续和未完成的含义。3.一般过去时与现在完成时

1).I _______(live)there for six years when I was a kid.2).He ________ abroad for ten years and now he is used to the life in Beijing.A.has lived

B.had lived

C.lived

D.was living 3).When I was at college I _______ three foreign languages but I ________ all except a few words of each.A.spoke;had forgotten

B.spoke;have forgotten

C.had spoken;had forgotten

D.had spoken;have forgotten 二者所表示动作均发生在过去。一般过去时仅指动作在过去发生了，对现在没有影响；现在完成时的动作虽发生在过去，但影响到现在仍然存在。

四、挑战高考——信心满满

1.Ladies and gentlemen，please fasten your seat belts.The plane ______.A.takes off

B.is taking off

C.has taken off

D.took off 答案 B 解析: 考查动词的时态。动词go，come，leave及词组take off等用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。

2.John，a friend of mine，who got married only last week，spent $ 3，000 more than he ______ for the wedding.A.will plan

B.has planned

C.would plan

D.had planned 答案 D 解析: plan表示的动作发生在spend这一过去动作之前，故应该用过去完成时。句意为：我的朋友约翰上周结婚了，婚礼花去了3 000美元，超过了原计划。3.--Did you see a man in black pass by just now?--No, sir.I ______ a newspaper.A.read

B.was reading C.would read

D.am reading 答案 B 解析: 由just now判断应用过去时态，又由语境“穿黑衣服的人路过时，我正在看报，所以没看见他”知空处要用过去进行时。

4.I know a little bit about Italy as my wife and I ______ there several years ago.A.are going

B.had been

C.went

D.have been 答案 C 解析: 句中several years ago是一般过去时的标志。5.--Have you got any job offers?--No.I ______.A.waited

B.had been waiting

C.have waited

D.am waiting 答案 D 解析: 句意为：“有人给你提供工作了吗？”“没有，我正在等着。”用现在进行时态表示正在进行的动作或存在的状态。

6.When you are home, give a call to let me know you ______ safely.A.are arriving

B.have arrived

C.had arrived

D.will arrive 答案 B 句意: 当你到家的时候，打电话给我让我知道你已经到家了。

解答：根据选项此题考察时态。此题可以根据句意也可以使用排除法。句意为“当你到家的时候，打电话给我让我知道你已经到家了”B选项使用现在完成时表示将来完成，译为“已经„„”。同时也可以使用排除法，arrive既可以使用现在进行时表示将来也可以用will + do表示将来，因此A和D同时排除，C为过去完成时，使用过去完成时时句中一定要有一般过去时，过去完成时是过去的过去，因此C也排除，选择B.7.--Tommy is planning to buy a car.--I know.By next month, he _______ enough for a used one.A.saves

B.saved

C.will save

D.will have saved 答案 D 解析: 考查动词的时态。句意为“——Tommy将计划买车。——我知道，到下个月为止，他积攒的钱足够买一辆旧车了。”by next month是将来完成时的标志，全句表示在将来next month之前完成“积攒足够钱”的动作，对将来的时间next month产生影响，能买一辆旧车。故选D。

8.--That must have been a long trip.--Yeah, it ______ us a whole week to get there.A.takes

B.has taken

C.took

D.was taking 答案 C 解析: 考查动词的时态。句意为“——那一定是长途旅行。——是的，我们花了整整一周时间才赶到那儿。”题干中must have done是对过去的肯定推测，提示时间在过去，描述过去的情况，排除A和B，D项was taking进行时态表将来，但事实上事情已发生，这与题意不符，因此选C。

9.When Alice came to, she did not know how long she ______ there.A.had been lying

B.has been lying

C.was lying

D.has lain 答案 A 解析: 考查动词的时态。句意为“当Alice苏醒过来时，她不知道她在那儿躺了多久了。”过去完成进行时主要表示持续到过去某时之前的动作。came to苏醒过来是过去时，苏醒前的情况是过去的过去，强调过去的过去里发生的事，故选A。

10.Planning so far ahead _ no sense--so many things will have changed by next year.A.made

B.is making

C.makes

D.has made 答案 C 解析: 考查动词的时态。句意为“计划这么超前毫无意义—到明年许多事情会发生变化的。”前句表示现在的情况make no sense，后句表示到将来会产生的后果will have changed。一般现在时表示主语的特征或状态。is making和has made表示具体的动作过程，故不选。因此选C。

第四篇：高三英语复习教学案语法时态和语态

曹州一中高三英语复习教学案

（五）专题五 动词时态和语态

一动词时态概述及基本用法

一、时态中的一般体 【精华知识巨献】

1一般体中的一般现在时、一般过去时分别表示现在、过去的经常性、习惯性动作或表示现在、过去的状态。所谓一般体表示不“进行”。It was Bob that broke the window(完成)。

We have meals three times a day.我们一日三餐。（现在的习惯）He is always ready to help others.他总是乐于助人。（现在的状态）When I was a boy,I often went to play in that park.在我小时候，常去那个公园玩。（过去的习惯）2一般现在时还可表示客观真理、科学事实。The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。

3一般现在时还可用在if,unless,even if引导的条件状语从句，由when,before,until(till),as soon as,the moment,once引导的时间状语从句，由no matter what/who/which/when/where/how或whatever,whoever,whichever,whenever,wherever,however引导的让步状语从句中，这时主句往往表将来（出现will/shall/can/must）或主句是祈使句。I'll go with you as soon as I finish my work.我一完成作业就跟你去。—Can I join your club,Dad?

我可以参加你的俱乐部吗？爸爸？ —You can when you get a bit older.当你长大点时你可以参加。

If city noises are not kept from increasing,people will have to shout to be heared even at the dinner table 20 years from now.如果城市的噪音不得以控制而上升的话，从现在算起，20年后人们在餐桌上吃饭时为了让对方听到自己也将不得不大声地喊。Whatever you say,I will not change my mind.不论你说什么，我都不会改变我的想法。

4语境中的一般过去时往往表示“刚才，刚刚”之意，暗示现在已“不再这样”。—Come in,Peter.I want to show you something.彼特，过来。我想给你件东西。

—Oh,how nice of you!I never thought you were going to bring me a gift.哦，你真好！我没想到你会给我带来一件礼物。Your phone number again?I didn't quite catch it.再说一遍你的电话号码好吗？我没有听清楚。5一般将来时的用法

（1）“will/shall+动词原形”表示从现在看来以后要发生的动作或存在的状态；事

物的固有属性或必然趋势。

Tom will come back next week.汤姆将在下周回来。

Fish will die without water.离开水，鱼就会死。

（2）“be going to+动词原形”多用在口语中，表示“计划、打算、即将做某事”，此外，be going to还可表示根据现在的迹象对未来进行推断。

He is going to speak on TV this evening.他计划今晚到电视台讲话。Look at the dark clouds.It is going to rain.看这乌云，要下雨了。

（3）“be about to+动词原形”表示立即的将来（immediate future）,因此，该句型不与具体的时间状语连用，但可与when引导的时间状语从句连用。

The train is about to start.火车就要开了。

（4）有些动词如come,go,stay,arrive,leave,begin,start等，其一般现在时、现在进行时亦可表示按计划、安排将来要发生的动作或状态。

He comes here tonight.他打算今晚来这儿。

I arrive in Beijing at 3:00 p.m.Tomorrow.我明天下午3点到北京。

What are you doing next week?下周你打算做什么？（5）be to+动词原形

①表示按计划或安排要做的事。

When are you to leave for New York？你什么时候去纽约？ She is to get married next month.她下个月结婚。

这种结构也可用于过去。was/were to do sth.表示曾经计划做某事，但不表明计划是否被执行，或表示命运（即命中注定要发生的事）；was/were to have done sth.表示未曾实现的计划。

I felt excited because I was soon to leave home for the first time.我感到很激动，因为我很快就要首次离开家了。We were to have told you,but you were not in.我们本来想告诉你的，但是你不在家。

②表示“指令”，相当于should,ought to,must,have to。What is to be done？应该怎么办呢？

This medicine is to be taken three times a day.这种药一天要服三次。The books in this room are not to be taken outside.（=The books in this room mustnt be taken outside.）这个房间里的书籍不得带出室外。

③表示“想，打算”，相当于intend,want。

If we are to be there before ten,well have to go now.如果我们想在十点前到，我们现在就得走。④用于第一人称疑问句，表示征求对方意见。Am I to go on with the work?要我继续这项工作吗？ What are we to do next？我们下一步该怎么办？

⑤在与be to连用的结构中，see,find,congratulate的不定式的被动式有特殊的用法。The news is to be found in the evening paper.这条消息可以在晚报上见到。

He is nowhere to be seen.在哪里也见不到他。You are to be congratulated.应该向您表示祝贺。

二时态中的进行体

【精华知识巨献】

1一个长动作作为背景，被一个短动作打断，长动作往往用进行体，短动作用一般体。My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.我弟弟骑自行车时从车子上摔了下来，伤了自己。

The students were writing busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she had left in the office.同学们在忙着写作，这时布朗老师去取她忘在办公室的书。Tom slipped into the house when no one was looking.当没人注意的时候，汤姆溜进了那所房子。2表示动作的未完性、暂时性。

—Have you moved into the new house？

你搬进新房了吗？

—Not yet.The rooms are being painted.还没呢，房子还正在粉刷呢。（未完性）I dont really work here;I am just helping out until the new secretary arrives.我不是在此工作，我只是在帮忙，新秘书来了我就走。（暂时性）

Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology is changing so rapidly.选手机供个人使用不是一件容易事因为技术变化太快。（“变化”尚未完成）

3表示按计划、安排要做的事。

Ive won a holiday for two days to Florida.I am taking my mum.我获得了一次去佛罗里达度两天假的机会。我计划带着我妈妈去。（计划）4表示现在或当时发展中的或正在进行的情况

I first met Lisa 3 years ago.She was working at a radio shop at that time.三年前我第一次见到莉萨，当时她正在一家卖收音机的商店工作。—Is this raincoat yours?这是你的雨衣吗？ —No,mine is hanging there behind the door.不是，我的在门后挂着呢。

5表示反复出现的或习惯性的动作，往往含有赞赏、厌恶、遗憾等情绪，常与always,continually,constantly连用

He is always thinking of others first.他总是先想到他人。

He is always making the same mistake.他总是犯同一个错误。

三时态中的完成体

【精华知识巨献】

一、现在完成时

1一个动作开始于过去，持续到现在（也许还将持续下去）。表示从过去延续到现在并包括现在在内的一段时间的状语有：

lately,recently,so far,for two years,since last year,in the last/past few years,since then.up to now等。

I have lived here since I was born.我从出生一直住在这里。

I have known him since then.我从那时就认识他了。

2一个发生在过去的事情对现在产生的影响。注意这时说话者说话的重心在过去的事情对现在产生的影响。常用状语有already,just(刚刚)，yet,never,before等。He has turned off the light.(=The light is off now.)

他已经关掉了灯。The concert has started.(=The concert is on now.)

会议已经开始了。

I have already seen the film.(=I know the film now.)

我已经看过这部电影了。3This/It is the first/second...time+that从句。that从句谓语要用现在完成时。This is the first time I have come here.这是我第一次来这里。4在条件、时间、让步状语从句中，表示将来某时以前已完成的动作。I will not believe you unless I have seen it with my own eyes.只有我亲眼看到，我才会相信你的话。（强调“看完”）I will go with you as soon as I have finished my work.我干完了工作就和你一起去。（强调“干完”）

二、过去完成时

1一件事情发生在过去，而另外一件事情先于它（即表“过去的过去”），那么发生在前的事情的动词须用过去完成时。这时时间状语可用before等介词 短语或一个时间状语从句来表示，也可通过上下文来表示。

She had learned some English before she came to the institute.她在来学院前已学过一些英语。

He said that he had been abroad for 3 years.他说他在国外待了3年了。2表示从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去的另一时间的动作，常用的时间状语有：by then,by that time,until,by the end of,before 2000,by the time+句子等。

By then he had learned English for 3 years.到那时，他已学了3年英语了。

Until then he had known nothing about it.到那时为止，他对此仍一无所知。3Hardly/Scarcely/Barely had...done...when...;No sooner had...done...than...,when和than从句里用一般过去时，表示“刚刚……就……”。

Hardly(No sooner)had I got home when(than)the rain poured down.我刚到家大雨就倾盆而下。

Hardly had we started when the car got a flat tyre.我们才刚刚开动，汽车的轮胎就漏气了。

4It was/had been+一段时间+since从句。since从句中谓语动词用过去完成时。

It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time.我们十年没这么高兴了。

5That/It was the first/second...time+that从句。that从句谓语要用过去完成时。

It was the third time(that)he had made the same mistake.这是他第三次犯同样的错误了。

That was the first time that I had passed the exam.那是我第一次考试及格。

6表示愿望、打算一类的词，如：hope,expect,mean,intend,want,think,suppose等，其过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的愿望或意图。

I had hoped to see more of Shanghai.我本希望在上海多看看。（但未能如愿）

I had meant to help you,but I was too busy at the moment.我本想帮你的，但当时确实太忙了。

I had thought you would come tomorrow.我原以为你明天才来呢。

三、将来完成时

将来完成时表示到将来某一时间，某一动作将会完成，常用的时间状语为：by+将来的某个时间。

By this time of next year,all of you will have become college students.到明年的这个时候，你们大家就都成了大学生了。

四时态中的完成进行体 【精华知识巨献】

现在完成进行时的用法：

现在完成进行时表示一个动作开始于过去，并持续到现在，并强调现在还在进行。完成进行体是完成体和进行体的组合，因此，它具备完成体和进行体的一些因素，如：它具备进行体的“未完性、暂时性、感情色彩等”的特点。

He has been learning English for 6 years.他学习英语有6年了。（从过去某一时间开始学英语，强调到现在还在学）

It has been raining for 3 days.雨已经下了3天了。（强调说话者“抱怨”的感情色彩）

五

主动与被动

【精华知识巨献】

一、被动语态

（一）被动语态的构成

英语中的及物动词一般都有主动语态和被动语态两种形式。主动语态是无标志的，而被动语态则是有标志的。被动语态由助动词be加动词的过去分词构成。助动词 be随着主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。被动语态的各种时态形式见下表：

时 体

〖〗现在is/am/are done 〖〗过去was/were done 〖〗将来will/shall be done〖〗would/should be done 〖〗进行is/am/are being done〖〗was/were being done 〖〗完成〖〗have/has been done〖〗had been done 〖〗将来完成(will/shall have been done)〖〗(would/should have been done)

（二）被动语态的用法

1不知道谁是动作的执行者，或没有必要指明谁是动作的执行者。如：

—George and Lucy got married last week.Did you go to their wedding？

—No,I hadnt been invited.Did they have a big wedding?

—The window is dirty.—I know.It hasnt been cleaned for weeks.2需要强调或突出动作的承受者或事件本身。如：

All the employees except the manager are encouraged to work online at home.3在文章标题、广告、新闻中。如：

Girls wanted.招女工。

Millions of pounds worth of damage has been caused by a storm which swept across the north of England last night.4当动作的执行者不是人时。如：

The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people are persuaded to eat more fruit and vegetables.（三）注意短语动词含有情态动词的被动语态

That old man was often laughed at.那位老人常受人嘲笑。

The plan will be given up.那计划就要被放弃了。

Bad habits have been done away with.坏习惯已经改掉了。

（在短语动词的被动结构中，切不可丢掉后面的介词或副词）

He must be prevented from going.必须阻止他去。

The plan ought to be put into practice as soon as possible.计划必须尽早执行。

（含有情态动词的被动语态的谓语结构是：情态动词+be+过去分词）

（四）get+过去分词可以表示被动，此结构比较口语化

She got married last week.她上周结婚了。

The patient got treated once a week.那位病人一周得到一次治疗。

He fell off the car and got killed.他从车上掉下来，摔死了。

二、主动形式表被动意义

系动词look,sound,feel,smell,taste,appear,seem,go,prove,turn,stay,become，fall,get,grow,keep+形容词/名词构成系表结构。如：

The steel feels cold.His plan proved(to be)practical.It has gone bad.（二）表示开始、结束、运动的动词，如：begin,finish,start,open,close,stop,end,shut,run,move等。如：

Work began at 7 oclock this morning.The shop closes at 6 p.m.every day.（三）表示主语的某种属性特征的动词，如： read,write,act,iron,cut,draw,drive,sell,wash,clean,wear,open,cook，lock,shut,dry,eat,drink。这类动词一般不单独使用，常有一个修饰语。如：

This coat dries easily.这种外衣容易干。

Nylon cleans easily.尼龙容易洗干净。

Food can keep fresh in a fridge.食物在冰箱里能保鲜。

Your speech reads well.你的演说讲得很好。

This material has worn thin.这个材料已经磨薄了。

The match wont catch.火柴擦不着。

The plan worked out wonderfully.这计划制定得很好。

The engine wont start.引擎发动不起来。

（四）少数动词用于进行时，其主动形式表示被动含义，如：print,cook,fry,hang,build,make。如：

The books are printing.这本书正在排印中。

The meat is cooking.肉在煮。

（五）介词in,on,under等+名词构成介词短语表被动意义 表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合用，含被动之意，其意义相当于该名词相应动词的被动形式，名词前一般不用冠词。常见的有：under control(受控制),under treatment（在治疗中），under repair(在修理中)，under discussion（在讨论中），under construction(在施工中)，beyond belief(令人难以置信),beyond ones reach(鞭长莫及)，beyond ones control(无法控制),beyond our hope（我们始料不及），for sale(出售)，for rent(出租)，in print（在印刷中）,in sight(在视野范围内)，on sale(出售)，on show(展出)，on trial(受审)，out of control（失控），out of sight（超出视线之外），out of ones reach（够不着），out of fashion（不流行）。如： The rumor is beyond belief(=cant be believed).His honest character is above all praise.（=His honest character cannot be praised enough.）

Today some treasures are on show(=are being shown)in the museum.（六）不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语：fit,have,wish,cost,agree

with,arrive at/in,shake hands with,succeed in,suffer from,happen to,take part in,walk into,belong to等。如：

This key just fits the lock.Your story agrees with what had already been heard.六

疑难、易错点

【精华知识巨献】

一、动词时态易混点

1一般过去时和现在完成时的用法区别

（1）一般过去时所表示的一个或一段过去时间是可以具体确定的，与其他时间没有牵连。它所表示的事情纯属过去，与现在情况没有联系。现在完成时表示的事情发生在不能具体指出的以前的过去某个或某段时间。它所表示的事情与现在情况有关系，是过去事情在现在产生的结果或对现在的影响。

（2）比较下面几组句子，体会两种时态的不同：

He served in the army from 1952 to 1954.(这是过去的一件事)He has served in the army for 5 years.（现在他仍在军中服役，他仍是军人）

He wrote many plays when he was at college.（写剧本是他过去做的事情）

He has written many plays.（这意味着他是剧作家）

I saw Hero last year.（看《英雄》的时间是去年，与现在无关）

I have seen Hero before.（强调现在知道这部电影的内容。以前看过，但“以前”是表示一个与现在有联系的过去时间，而不是一个确定的与现在无关的过去时间）

2一般过去时和过去完成时的用法区别

（1）一般过去时是对现在说话时刻而言的，过去完成时则是对过去某一时刻而 言。两种时态建立的时间参照点不同，对过去完成时来说，这个时间参照点十分重要，它是过去完成概念以建立的基础，也是和一般过去时相区别的重要标准。

（2）过去完成时的时间状语常用by和before引导的短语表示，如：by that time,by

the end of,before 2000,by the time+句子等。3过去完成时与现在完成时的用法区别

（1）两种时态都常与表示一段时间的状语连用，但现在完成时表示的是延续到现在或同现在有关的动作（句中不可有表示过去特定时间的状语），而过去完成时表示的是在过去某时之前已经完成或延续到过去某时的动作（句中有表示过去特定时间的状语）。（2）比较下面的说法

She had been ill for a week before she came back.（回来发生在过去某一时间，生病发生在过去的过去）

She has been ill for a week.(现在仍然病着)4现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别

现在完成进行时可以与时间状语连用，也可以不用时间状语。这一点与现在完成时不同。现在完成时通常与时间状语，如:since,ever since,for three months,just,already,yet等连用。现在完成进行时通常与all the(this)morning/afternoon/day/month或the whole day等连用。试对比以下各例：

I have been working on the experiment report this morning,but I havent

completed it yet.我今天一上午都在写实验报告，可是到现在也没写完。

They have been repairing the broken road.他们一直在维修那条被损坏的道路。（可能是刚歇息下来，也可能还在修）

They have already repaired the broken road.他们把路修完了。（动作已经结束）

现在完成进行时表示一种不间断的持续性行为。如果表示一个重复动作，或者表示动作做过的次数时，不能用现在完成进行时。如：

Ive been writing letters since breakfast.Ive written to him three times,but I havent heard from him up till now.二、固定句式易混点

1This/It is the first/second...time+that从句。that从句一般用现在完成时，如果把前边的is改为was,则that从句用过去完成时。如：

This is the first time I have come here.It was the third time(that)he had made the same mistake.2It is/has been+一段时间+since从句。since从句中一般用过去时，如果将前边的is改为was,则since从句中用过去完成时。如：

It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time.3be about to do...when...意为“即将……（这时）突然……”。如：

I was about to go out when the telephone rang.4be(was/were)+doing...when...意为“正在干……（这时）突然……”。如：

They were reading when Tom shouted in pain.5Hardly had...done...when...；No sooner had...done...than...when和than从句里用一般过去时，表示“刚刚……就……”。如：

Hardly(No sooner)had I got home when(than)the rain poured down.我刚到家大雨就倾盆而下了。6It+be+一段时间+before从句

这个句式分两种情况：如果主句用将来时，则从句用一般现在时表将来时，意为多长时间以后即将发生某事；如果主句用过去时，从句也用过去时，意为多长时间后发生了某事。如：

It wont be long before he succeeds.（=He will succeed soon.）

三、would与used to用法异同点

1would与used to都可用来表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作，常常可以换用。如：When we were boys we used to/would go swimming every summer.小时候，每到夏天我们都要去游泳。

He used to/would spend every penny he earned on books.过去，他通常把挣来的钱全花在买书上。

2would之后要接表示动作的动词，不接表示认识或状态的动词，而used to则无此限制。如：I used to like football when I was at middle school.我上中学的时候，喜欢足球。

He used to be nervous in the exam.他过去在考试中常常紧张。3would表示反复发生的动作。如果某一动作没有反复性，就不能用would,只能用used to。如：

And from that day on,as soon as the table was cleared and the dishes were gone,mother would disappear into her sewing room to practice.从那天起，只要碗盘撤掉、饭桌清理干净，妈妈就马上躲进做针线活的房间练习起来。（具有反复性）

I used to live in Beijing.我过去住在北京。（没有反复性）

4used to表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作或状态，现在已经结束（含有较强的“今非昔比”的意思），would则只表示说话者对过去的一种回想心情，有可能再发生。如：

People used to believe that the earth was flat.过去，人们总以为地球是平的。（现在已不再这样认为）He would go to the park as soon as he was free.过去，他一有空就去公园。（现在有可能再去）

第五篇：动词时态语态查漏补缺练习

动词时态语态查漏检测

1.—Have they got our car repaired?

— I don’t know.But it _____ when I called them yesterday.A.was repairingB.was repairedC.was being repairedD.had been repaired2.— Joe, don’t forget to bring your laptop with you

tomorrow, OK?

— Oh, thank you.I wouldn’t bring it if you _____ me.A.wouldn’t remindB.haven’t reminded

C.hadn’t remindedD.shouldn’t have reminded 3.The manager got to the company in a hurry, only to find that he _________ his laptop back at home.A.would leaveB.was leavingC.has leftD.had left

4.She could have been in time for the interview, but her flight ________.A.was delayingB.had been delayed C.has delayedD.was delayed

5.The train we ________ for so long was crowded, so we decided to catch a later one.A.have been waitingB.were waiting C.had been waitingD.have waited

6.Would you please keep silent? The news that the milk contains a harmful chemical ______ and I want to listen.A.has been broadcastB.is broadcast C.is being broadcastD.is broadcasting 7.— I am crazy about English now.— But I still remember how you A.hateB.have hated C.hatedD.had hated 8.When I ________home, I caught a thief stealing from a passer-by.A.headedB.was headingC.has headedD.had headed

9.She was young.A.was playingB.played

C.has playedD.had played

10.Do you think that bridge doesn’t appear long.A.measures;thatB.is measured;so C.is measured;suchD.measures;much

—The environment of this restaurant is very nice.—I can’t agree more.My friend_________ the right place.A.recommendsB.recommendedC.had recommendedD.was recommending 12.—Where did you get the breaking news? —It _________ in the newspapers.A.publishedB.is being published C.would publishD.has been published 13.— We thought he would have got the job.— What a pity!He ______too nervous when interviewed.A.was B.had been C.has been D.would have been 14.—Have they got our car repaired?

—I don’t know.But it ____ when I called them yesterday.A.would repairB.was repairedC.had repairedD.was being repaired

15.During the last three decades, the number of peopleparticipating in physical fitness programs ______ sharply.A.was risingB.has risen C.had risenD.will be rising

17.— Where did you go on National Day?

— Jiuzhai Valley.I _________ to go to France, but the expense was too high.A.plannedB.would planC.have plannedD.had planned

18.—Did you find the missing couple in the mountain

yesterday?

—No, but we ______to get in touch with them ever

since.A.have triedB.had triedC.have been tryingD.had been trying

19.—Hey!Here is a message on my cellphone, telling me

that I have won the first prize of a weekend for two in Paris.—Delete it!It' s a trick.Many a person ______by such tricks.A.has been cheatedB.have been cheated C.were cheatedD.was cheated

20.According to the press，nothing but some

fingerprints _______ left in the broken-in store.A.has been foundB.has foundC have been foundD.have found

21.Over the past month, Chinese cinema ________ the great success of the low-budget film Lost in Thailand.A.witnessesB.has witnessedC.would witnessD.had witnessed

22.They us about that;otherwise we would have prepared ahead of time.A.don't informB.haven't informed C.didn't informD.hadn't informed

23.Up to now, our society _______with limited living space and a shortage of natural resources.A.has been challengedB.is being challenged C.is challengingD.has challenged 24.---Remember the first time we met?

---Sure.You _____ in the supermarket.A.shoppedB.have shoppedC.had shoppedD.were shopping 25.—What are you doing, John?

— I _____the English words all the morning, but I still can’t remember them.A.have been recitingB.recitedC.was recitingD.have recited 26.“It isn' t the first time I______at home,” he said

frankly.A.had spoiledB.have spoiledC.had been spoiledD.have been spoiled

27.This is a promising company as its employees

_______ to think outside the box and develop creative solutions.A.encourageB.have encouragedC.were encouragedD.are encouraged

28.I apologize if my son ______ you, but I am sure that he didn’t mean to.A.hurtsB.hurtC.has hurtD.had hurt

29.Shakespeare’s play Hamletinto at least ten different films over the past years.A.had been madeB.was madeC.has been madeD.would be made