中考动词讲解精品2

第一篇：中考动词讲解精品2

动词的语态

（一）语态：

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。

例如：Many people speak Chinese.谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。

例如：Chinese is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。

（二）被动语态的构成be的变化表现出来的。现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。

一般现在时：am／is／are＋spoken;一般过去时：was／were＋spoken

一般将来时：will／shall be＋spoken;现在进行时：am／is／are being＋spoken

过去进行时：was/were being＋spoken;现在完成时：have／has been＋spoken

过去完成时：

had been + spoken过去将来时：would be+过去分词

含有情态动词的被动语态

We can repair this watch in two days.→This watch can be repaired in two days.They should do it at once.→It should be done at once.（三）被动语态的用法

（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。

例如：Some new computers were stolen last night.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。（不知道是谁偷的）This bridge was founded in 1981.这座桥竣工于1981年。

（2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。

例如：This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。

Your homework must be finished on time.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。

（四）主动语态变被动语态的方法

主动语态 谓语宾语状语

被动语态

主语谓语宾语状语

（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词）（根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式）。

（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：

All the people laughed at him.→ He was laughed at by all people.They make the bikes in the factory.→ The bikes are made by them in the factory.He cut down a tree.→ A tree was cut down by him.（五）被动语态的特殊情况：

1、不及物动词不用于被动语态。

Appear, rise, die, happen, occur, lie, depart, belong to, break out, take place等不及物动词不能用于被动语态。

2、表状态动词不用于被动语态常见的有：hold, have, cost, contain, become, ail, look like等

3、某些动词的进行时可表被动

The meat is cooking.肉在煮着。The cakes are baking,蛋糕在烘。The book is printing.这本书正在印刷。

4、主动形式表被动意义。

1）某些感官动词和系动词接形容词可以表示被动意义。如：look, smell, taste, feel, prove, wear, sound等

Her bedroom looks very clean and tidy.她的卧室看起来非常干净和整洁。

2）动名词的主动形式表示被动语态。如：want, deserve, need, require, take, worth等

The book is worth reading.这本书值得一读。The children need looking after.孩子们需要照看。

3)某些作表语的形容词后，用不定式主动形式表示被动意义。

The conversation is hard to understand.对这话很难理解。

The fish is not easy to fish.鱼不容易钓。The passage is difficult to read.这段文章很难读懂。

5.在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当，to被省略，但在被动语态中，这个to还要还原。（主动语态）

宾语宾语补足语

复合宾语

She is often heard to sing this popular song.（被动语态）

▲ 有这种用法的常用动词有：make , let , see , hear , watch , feel , notice等。如：

（1）.He made the boy work for two hours yesterday.→The boy was made to work by him for two hours yesterday.（2）.Mother never lets me watch TV.→I am never let to watch TV by mother.6.有些“be +过去分词”的结构并不是被动语态，它们有可能是“系表结构（即系动词之后由过去分词来充当表语）。”

(系表结构)Thedoorisclosed.门是关着的。ThedoorisclosedbyFengping.这个门是由冯平来关的。(被动语态)比较：（1）

(系表结构)Theglassisbroken.这个玻璃杯是坏的。TheglasswasbrokenbyMary.这个玻璃杯是玛丽弄坏的。(被动语态)（2）

（六）常见的被动语态句型结构：

It is(was)agreed(believed/decided/hoped/thought......）that......大家同意（相信、决定、希望、认为）......It is(was)well known that......众所周知

It is(was)taken for granted that......被视为当然

It must be remembered that......务必记住......It mustn’t be forgotten that......千万别忘记......It is(was)said(reported，heard，told，suggested)that......据说(报道、听说、告知、建议......)

被动语态练习

二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。

1.It's said(据说)that the long bridge______________（build）in two months．

2.Where to have the meeting ______________（discuss）now．

3.Which language _______the most widely_______（speak）in the world？

4.The lost boy_____________（not find）so far．

5.Last year a large number of trees______________（cut）down．

6.The students _____ often _____(tell)to take care of their desks and chairs.7.The old man is ill.He ______(must send)to the hospital.8.Vegetables, eggs and fruits_________(sell)in this shop.9.What _______ knives______(make)of ? They_______________(make)of metal(金属)and wood.10.Can the magazine ________(take)out of the library?

11.The room _____________(clean)by me every day.12.The stars can’t _____________(see)in the daytime.13.Some flowers _______________(water)by Li Ming already.14.This kind of shoes __________(sell)well.15.How long _____ your uncle ______(be)in the city?

16.The food _____________(smell)delicious.17.Look!Someone __________(dance).三、按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。

1.Is tea grown in South China？（改为主动语态）_______ people _________ tea in South China？

2.I am given a birthday present by my parents every year．（同义句转换）

A birthday present ____________________________by my parents every year．

3.The work is going to be finished in two days.(对划线提问)

How______________ the work going to be finished ?

4.The children will sing an English song.(改为被动语态)

An English song ___________________ by the children.5.You needn't do it now.(改为被动语态)It ______________________ by you now.6.People use metal for making machines.(改为被动语态)

Metal ________________________making machines.7.He made me do that for him.(改为被动语态)I ____________________________ that for him.8.They are watching the football match.The football match _____________________by them.9.Did they build a bridge here a year ago?(改为被动语态)

__________ a bridge ____________ here by them a year ago?

10.They have sold out the light green dresses.(改为被动语态)

The light green dresses ____________________________ out.11.We call the game “Lianliankan”.(改为被动语态)The game _______________ “Lianliankan” by us.四、根据所给汉语完成句子，一空一词。(1×10=10分)

①The new bike ______________________（买给我）by my parents as a present last week．②_______ your mobile phone ______________________（是国产的吗）？

③The whole mountain is __________________(覆盖)the snow.

第二篇：动词讲解

动词

1）表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。

2）根据其在句中的功能，动词可分为四类，分别是：实义动词（Notional Verb）、系动词（Link Verb）、助动词（Auxiliary Verb）、情态动词（Modal Verb）。

说明：有些情况下，有些动词是兼类词，例如：

We are having a meeting.我们正在开会。（having是实义动词。）

He has gone to New York.他已去纽约。（has是助动词。）

3）动词根据其后是否带有宾语，可分为两类，分别是：及物动词（Transitive Verb）、不及物动词（Intransitive Verb），缩写形式分别为vt.和vi.。**

英语动词是句子的核心。它既决定着句子意思的表达同时又决定着句子的语法结构。难怪有人说，英语是动词和介词的语言。可见研究动词的用法在英语学习中是十分重要的。（一、)分清及物不及物:

分清动词的及物不及物是在英语学习中必须解决的首要问题。动词及物与不及物通常有以下几种情况：

a．主要用作及物动词。及物动词后面必须跟宾语。可以用于：“主＋谓＋宾”；“主＋谓＋双宾”；“主＋谓＋宾＋宾补”结构。如： He reached Paris the day before yesterday.Please hand me the book over there.They asked me to go fishing with them.类似的还有：buy, catch, invent, found, like, observe, offer, prevent, promise, raise, find, forget, receive, regard, see, say, seat, supply, select, suppose, show, make, take, tell....b．主要用作不及物的动词。不及物动词后面不跟宾语。只能用与：“主＋谓”结构。This is the room where I once lived.类似的还有：agree, go, work, listen, look, come, die, belong, fall, exist, rise, arrive, sit, sail, hurry, fail, succeed....c．既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义不变。如begin 都是作“开始”讲。everybody , our game begins.let us begin our game.类似的还有：start, answer, sing, close, consider, insist, read, learn, prepare, pay, hurt, improve....d．既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义完全不同。

这类动词作不及物动词是一个意义；而作及物动词时却是另一个意义。如lift作不及物动词时是指烟雾的“消散”。we saw the mountain when the clouds lifted.作及物动词时是“升高；举起”。

He lifted his glass and drank.类似的还有：beat

vi.跳动vt.敲、打;

grow vi.生长vt.种植

play vi.玩耍vt.打（牌、球）,演奏 smell vi.发出（气味）vt.嗅

ring

vi.（电话、铃）响vt.打电话

speak vi.讲话 vt.说（语言）

hang

vi.悬挂vt.绞死

operate vi.动手术 vt.操作

（二、)辨别表动作与表结果的动词

表动作的动词强调动作的发生，不涉及该动词的结果。如： He looked at the picture.He saw a picture.前一句中的动词强调“看”这一动作；而后一句中的动词表示“看到”这一结果。类似的还有：tear at;tear, look for;find, try to do sth.;manage to do sth., prepare for;be prepared for, advise;persuade 等。

（三、)记住瞬间动词

英语中不少动词所表示的动作在瞬间就可以完成．如： He arrived in paris yesterday.而另一些动词所表示的动作则可以延续．如： They worked until 12 o'clock last night.特别是在现在完成时态的句子中，瞬间动词的完成时态不能跟表示一段时间的时间状语连用。瞬间动词有：arrive, borrow, buy, close, fall, finish, go, join, kill, hit, leave, lend, die, marry, open, reach, return, start, stop, recognize....等。

（四、)掌握好表状态的连系动词与表变化的连系动词

英语中的连系动词主要分为两大类：

a．表状态的连系动词。如：he is a good worker.除了be 而外，还有：stand(位于),lie(位于),stay, have, consist of, belong to, exist, weigh, own....等。

b．另一类连系动词表示动作或变化，是由行为动词转化而来的。一般在这些连系动词后跟形容词作表语如：his hair grows grey.这类连系动词还有: turn, become, taste, smell, sound, look, feel, get...等。

（五、)注意词义相近，用法不同的动词

a．表主观与客观的动词

I received his invitation last night, but i didn't want to accept it.该句中，动词receive, accept 都表示“接受”但前者表示客观地接收到什么东西；后者表示 “I” 的主观意愿。类似用法的动词还有：listen to;hear, look at;see, must;have to等。

b．表直接与间接的动词 He heard that the scientist would come to our school.He heard of the news that the scientist would come to our school.前句中hear的表示直接听说的，而后一句中hear of 的表示间接听说的。类似用法的动词还有：know;know of, speak;speak of, talk;talk of等。

（六、)重视多字动词的用法

所谓多字动词是指动词与某些副词、介词构成的动词词组。一般有四种形式：

a．“动词+介词”结构。该结构中的动词是不及物动词，当和一些介词搭配后，则把它看成一个整体，即把它看成一个及物动词。如：

We never thought of such success when we first started.类似用法的还有：agree to, ask for, attention to, break into, call upon, deal with, laugh at, dream of, listen to, look at, operate on, talk about, rely on, refer to...b．“动词+副词”结构。该结构中的动词是及物动词的，该结构及物；是不及物的，则不及物。如：

We put off the sports meet.After he grew up, he went to london to work for a company.类似用法的还有: bring about, bring up, call up, carry out, find out, give up, hand in, help out, look up, make out, pass on, point out, put away, put down, put away, put down, put off, put on, ring up, set up, take up, think over, turn down, use up, work out..., wake up, shut up, come about, break out, carry on, come up, fall over, get away, get back, look out, go up, go out, stay up....在这类结构中，必须注意有的多字动词即及物又可不及物。有的甚至汉语意义也完全不相同。如：

He looked up and saw his teacher in front of him.(vi.抬起头看)He looked up the word in the dictionary.(vt.查找)

类似的有break down vi.（车等）坏了vt.分解，分为;go over vi.走过去vt.复习，仔细查看等。

c．“动词+副词+介词”结构。如：

We should do away with that sort of thing.类似的有：give in to, catch up with, look down upon, make up for, put up with....d．“动词+名词+介词”结构。该结构是最多，最常见的多字动词。如： We will take care of them.类似的有：catch sight of, keep an eye on, make use of, make a fool of, make fun of, make room for, make sure of, knock out of, have a word with, pay attention to, put an end to, set fire to, take advantage of, take hold of, take note of, take notice of, take part in, take pride in, take possession of, play a trick on, play a part in....****

说明：同一动词有时可用作及物动词，有时可用作不及物动词。例如：

She can dance and sing.她能唱歌又能跳舞。（sing在此用作不及物动词。）

She can sing many English songs.她能唱好多首英文歌曲。（sing用作及物动词。）

4）根据是否受主语的人称和数的限制，可分两类，分别是：限定动词（Finite Verb）、非限定动词（Non-finite Verb）例如：

She sings very well.她唱得很好。（sing受主语she的限制，故用第三人称单数形式sings。）

She wants to learn English well.她想学好英语。（to learn不受主语she的限制，没有词形变化，是非限定动词。

说明：英语中共有三种非限定动词，分别是：动词不定式（Infinitive）、动名词（Gerund）、分词（Participle）。

5)根据动词的组成形式，可分为三类，分别是：单字词（One-Word Verb）、短语动词（Phrasal Verb）、动词短语（Verbal Phrase）例如：

The English language contains many phrasal verbs and verbal phrases.英语里有许多短语动词和动词短语。（contains是单字动词。）

Students should learn to look up new words in dictionaries.学生们学会查字典。（look up是短语动词。）

The young ought to take care of the old.年轻人应照料老人。（take care of是动词短语。）

6）动词有五种形态，分别是：原形（Original Form）、第三人称单数形式（Singular From in Third Personal）、过去式（Past Form）、过去分词（Past Participle）、现在分词（Present Participle）。

7)及物动词不需要介词

在英语错误中，“及物动词＋介词＋宾语”（transitive verb+preposition+object），是常见的一种。所谓及物动词，就是谓语动词（predicative verb），不必通过介词引荐宾语。相反的，不及物动词（intransitive verb）是不带宾语的。有许多动词，虽然性质是及物的，但不一定要有宾语，如下列的①a和②a便是这种情形：

①a.We study every day.b.Do you study English every day.②a.Please write clearly next time.b.Can you write your composition now?

如果本质上就是不及物动词，就不会有宾语；若要宾语，就要借介词之助，一起连用才行，如③b和④b;③a和④a是错的；

*③a.The children are listening the music.b.The children are listening to the music.*④a.She is laughing the crippled man.b.She is laughing at the crippled man.反之，及物动词不必靠介词，就可以带宾语，如上述的①b和②b，又如⑤和

⑥：

⑤ John is giving a book to me.⑥ Who will answer this question?

如果无意中把介词加上，就错了，如：

*⑦ Who will answer to this question?

下列这句从房地产广告中看到的句子，也犯了同样的错：

“We have many buyers awaiting for available units here.”

“Awaiting”是个及物动词，后面的介词“for”是多余的，要去掉；不然把“awaiting”改为“waiting for”也行。

许多人习惯上喜欢把介词加到及物动词后面，然后才带出宾语。最常见的是“emphasize/stress on/upon”和“discuss about”，如：

⑧ Singaporeans seem to have emphasized on material gains.⑨ In our education system, we stress upon examination results.⑩ World leaders spent a lot of time discussing about worsening economic problems.显然的，这三句里的介词“on/upon”和“about”是多余的，不必要的。

下面是些类似的错误：

● The young must obey to their elders.● Do not approach to that odd-looking man.● The audience attacked on the rude speaker.● Nothing can escape from his parents' eyes.● Do you hope to serve for your nation? ● When did Susan marry with Paul?

介词“to, on, from, for, with”都要去掉才对。

为什么会有这些错误呢？主因是分不清楚及物动词和不及物动词的性质。其次，就是对同一个动词及其名词的句型有些混淆。解决之道有二。第一，要把“及物动词＋宾语”和“不及物动词＋介词＋宾语”划分清楚，如：

? I did not answer him./ I did not reply to him.? He reached Londan yesterday./ He arrived in London yesterday.第二，把及物动词转化为名词，然后加上适当的介词和宾语，如：

? Don't approach such a person.? Is oral practice a good approach to language teaching?

第三篇：判断动词讲解

判断动词研究

I.什么叫判断动词？判断动词也叫连系动词，是动词的种类之一。

（1）判断动词不表动作，仅仅是判断的“标志”，即准备对主语做

出判断，判断主语“是什么”、“怎么样”，也就是说，准备对主语的身份、职业、年龄、性别、位置、内容、性质、特征、状态等作出判断。判断的具体内容由后面的表语来完成。

表语不是动词的对象，也不是对动词的说明，而是对主语的说明。*主语都属于“名词类”，因此，形容词可以作表语。

*副词是对“动词”的说明，副词是对“形容词和副词”的说明，因此，副词不能作表语（有个别例外）。

（2）判断动词不表动作，仅仅提供判断的“角度”，即准备从哪

个角度对主语作判断,II.判断动词的特点。

1.判断动词有词义，可以翻译，也可以不翻译。

（1）He is a teacher.他是老师。

（2）He is twenty-five.他二十五岁。

2.语。表语是对主语作出的具体判断。e.g.He is a teacher.He is

13.判断动词准备对主语进行判断时，不能省略。e.g.(1)I am a boy.(√)

(2)I a boy.(×)

4.判断动词本身不表动作，仅仅是“一个标志”、“一个角度”。因此

判断动词没有被动语态、没有被动式。

e.g.√)这种布很软。×)这种布很软。

5.判断动词仅仅是“一个标志”、仅仅是“一个角度”，判断动词本身不表动作，因此，一般来说，判断动词没有进行时态、没有进行式。e.g.×)

应改为：He is a student.III.判断动词的重要意义。

1.判断动词用作谓语动词时，构成了英语中的第一句。（英语中总共

有5句话。）

2.判断动词非常容易用错，是高考的重要考查点。

IV.判断动词的分类。（按判断的角度来分）

1.综合性判断动词（即判断动词“be”）。对主语作出综合性判断，没

有具体角度，较抽象。

这双鞋对我来说太小了。

2.感官性判断动词。由感官行为动词转化而来，包括 look（看起来是）,sound（听起来是）, smell(闻起来是), taste（尝起来是，吃起来是）, feel（摸起来是，感觉是）。感官性判断动词从某一种感官角度对主语进行判断（即视觉判断，听觉判断，嗅觉判断，味觉判断和触觉判断）。注意：感官性判断动词仅提供一个判断的角度，不表动作，因此没有被动语态，没有被动式。eg.冰是冷的。(1)Ice feels cold.(√)(2)Ice is felt cold.(×)

3.连续性判断动词。对主语的连续状态做判断，即主语的状态不变。包括keep, remain, stay, lie, stand, rest等（都翻译为“一直是”）。e.g.（1）He kept silent at the meeting yesterday afternoon.昨天下午开会时他一直是沉默的。

（2）The door remained closed.门一直是关着的。

（3）We can remain friends.我们可以一直是朋友。(4)Please stay seated.请一直是坐着的。（请不要站起来）(5)He stayed single.他一直是单身。

～=is)in the east of Asia.中国一直是在亚洲东部。(7)The machines have lain(～= have been)idle for weeks.这些机器一直是闲置的，好几个星期了。

(8）The ladder rested(～= was)against the wall.梯子一直是靠墙放着的。

4.变化性判断动词。对主语经过变化后的状态进行判断。包括become, grow, turn , fall, get, go, come, run等（都可翻译为“变成是”）。*变化性判断动词往往与后面的表语，形成固定搭配。

变老用 grow old / get old变胖用grow fat；

颜色变成用turn；变聪明用 get wise；

变暖用get warm或become warm变愚蠢用get silly

变生气用get angry变失踪用 get lost

变担忧用become anxious(about)变清晰用become clear

变流行become popular

头发变白用 go white变疯用 go mad 或become mad；

变干枯用 run dry变生病用 fall ill 或become ill 或get sick

变顺利用come right；变成现实用come true

变坏用 go bad；变不顺利用 go wrong

come + 褒义形容词；go + 贬义形容词

eg.(1)自那以后，他疯了。(2)She is growing fat.她在发胖。（判断动词一般来说没有进行时

态，此句例外。）(3)When she saw this, she turned red.她看到这，脸变红了。(4)Several people fell ill.有几个人病了。(5)We get wiser as we get old.随着年龄的增加，我们更明智。

(6)His hair has gone white.他的头发变白了。(7)Things will come right.一切都会顺利的。(8)The well ran dry.水井干枯了。

变化性判断动词可以有进行时态。

5.模糊性判断动词。

表示模糊性判断，包括 seem, appear(比seem正式)似乎，好像。e.g.(1)He seems quite happy.他好像很快活。

(2)He doesn’t seem very sure.他似乎不是很有把握(3)Roger appeared upset.罗杰好像很烦。(4)The city appeared calm after the previous night’sfighting.经过前一晚的战斗，城市似乎很平静。

6.终结性判断动词。包括turn out（结果是…，最终成为…），prove（最后证明是…），表示最后的判断与最初的判断是相反的。eg.（1）那天结果是一个好天气。

（2）His advice proved sound.他的劝告证明是对的。

* 测量性判断动词：从测量的角度，表示主语的长、宽、高、重量、价值是„。

测量性判断动词有：measure（测量结果是„）,weigh(重量是„),cost(价钱是„)等。

e.g.The room measures 10 meters in width.该房间宽10米。

She weighs 60 kilos.她体重是60公斤。

The book costs 15 yuan.这本书标价15元。

V.判断动词的注意事项。

1.判断动词的识别技巧。如果一个动词后加形容词，那么这个动词肯定是判断动

词。eg.He looks nice.他这人不赖。其中looks肯定是判断动词，因为它后面是

形容词（nice）。

2.有些判断动词如seem，appear, turn out, prove等，后面常跟动词不定式 to

be等。eg.(1)The new text seems to be easy.(2)It appears to be a true story.(3)The weather turned out to be fine.(4)His advice proved to be wrong.

第四篇：动词分类讲解范文

动词：

1.（可以做谓语）谓语动词——实义动词

1）行为动词（动作）

⑴不及物动词(vi)

⑵及物动词（vt）

①单宾动词

②双宾动词

③宾补动词

2）系动词LV（状态、特征）

①be

②半系动词

2.（不可以做谓语）——助动词

助谁？

干什么？

时态、语态、否定、语气

Be 时态、语态

Do 否定、强调语气

Have 时态、否定

MV 语气

主语谓语

宾语

()定语

<> 补语

[] 状语

We should stop the river ____.A.pollutingB.pollutedC.being polluted D.pollute

A be made ofmake A of ….A be made from

A be made in

A be made into

My mother made me(to)do

It happens that……

Sb sth happen to

It turns out that…

Sb sth turn out to do

It seemsed that

Sbsth seem to

It is said that he will study is studying studied in America.Sb sth be said to do to be doing to have done

To be done to have been done

It is said that the bank was robbed last night.The bank is said to have been robbed last nigh.Steal sth(from sb sp)

Rob sb sp(of sth)

Robberrobbery

Thieftheft

Lose oneself one’s way

Be get lost, I had to ask police for help.(Because)(lose →losing 主动 lost 被动)myself my way, I had to ask police for help

Was got lost

A.losingB.lostC.IlostD.being lost

第五篇：初中系动词讲解

系动词

一、考点、热点回顾

系动词，亦称连系动词（Link Verb）。作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语，亦称补语（形容词），构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。分类: 状态系动词;持续系动词;表像系动词；感官系动词;变化系动词;终止系动词

（一）、状态系动词 be 用来表示主语性质或状态，只有be一词

E.g.①He is a teacher.②He is ill.(表示主语的状态)连系动词 be 后根据情况可自由地接不定式作表语：

E.g.①My dream is to be a scientist.② All you have to do is to listen. My hobby is to play basketball.（二）、表像系动词

用来表示“看起来像”这一概念，主要有seem, appear, look, 例如： E.g.①He looks tired.② He seems(to be)very sad.③She appears 18.But in fact, she is already 28.（三）、持续系动词

用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, remain, stay, lie, stand, continue.例如：

E.g.①He always kept silent at meeting.This matter remains a mystery.It continued/ remained rainy for days.④The snow lay thick on the ground

⑤ There stands a house near the river.注意：(1)表示“仍然处于原来的状态”时，remain和stay可以互换，例如：

Three of them remained/ stayed single.Shops should remain/ stay open till later in the evening.The door stayed/ remained closed.教师寄语：No pains, no gains.(2)表示“需要设法才能保持某种状态”时，可用keep和stay.后常接的形容词有 calm, clean, awake, young, warm, fine等.例如： She knew she must keep/ stay calm. Although they have many difficulties, they keep happy.Paul managed to keep/ stay awake by drinking lots of strong black coffee.（四）、感官系动词

感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, look.例如： This kind of cloth feels very soft.This flower smells very sweet.The music sounds nice.④The fish tastes good/ delicious.（五）、变化系动词

这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.1.go和come 是一对相反的词.go+ adj.表示令人不愉快的事;

come+ adj.表示好的事情,还可以接前缀un-的过去分词作表语，表示变化的情况。

go blind/ mad/ hungry/ bad…

come true/ right/ clear/ dear/ unstuck/ untied…

His dream to be a pilot has come true.My shoelaces have come undone.She went blind at the age of 8.2.run后接 short, dry, low, deep等形容词,主语为流动性的或能消耗掉的东西。Their money was running short.The well has run dry.但表语为wild时,主语是人;run wild(放荡不羁）Don’t let the children run wild.3.grow常指逐渐的变化,表示身高、岁数的增长。My little brother has grown much taller in the past year.She grew thinner and thinner.教师寄语：No pains, no gains.4.turn表示“变得”,指变为与原先不同的情况,通常指颜色和天气等变化。The weather suddenly turned much hotter.Her face turned blue with fear.5.get “变成,变得…起来”,后可接形容词,分词,介词短语;接不定式时表示“由不…变得”.The days are getting longer and longer in summer.He got excited about it.My watch gets out of order.6.fall接asleep, silent, quiet等静态形容词和表示疾病的形容词，但不能接形容词的比较级。While I was doing my homework, my little sister fell asleep.She fell ill from cold.The naughty boy fell silent suddenly.fall apart(散开)fall flat(没效果)7.become “变成;变为”(好坏均可),语气正式,且不能用于将来时态,强调结果.表人的身体状况,情绪,天气和社会变化时可与get互换使用.He became a lawyer.I became/ got interested in math.He became/ got angry with me.I hope you will become/ get well.注意：1.become, turn, go, get, fall后面能接名词作表语,其他则不能.turn和go后面的名词不带冠词。

His dream has become/ got a reality.He has turned scientist.She has gone artist.He fell an victim to cancer.2.表变化的系动词用于进行时态时，表示逐渐的变化。The days are getting/ becoming longer and longer.She is growing to be more and more like her mother.（六）、终止系动词

表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, turn out, 表达“证实”，“变成”之意，例如：

教师寄语：No pains, no gains.The rumor proved(to be)false.The search proved(to be)difficult.His plan turned out(to be)a success.二、典型例题

1.—What is Mr Wang like?

—____.A.He is a teacher

B.He is old and kind

C.He looks like a balloon

D.He likes English

2.What Mr White said sounds____.A.friendly B.wonderfully C.pleasantly D.nicely

3.The poor boy ____ blind at the age of three.A.turned B.goes C.became D.went

4.When he was a child he____.A.grew patience B.was alive C.ran wild D.came true

5.His voice____ as if he has a cold.A.sounds B.listens C.hears D.seems

6.This shirt___ as if it is made of cotton.A.is B.looks C.feels D.seems

7.He looks ___ he hadn’t had a good meal for a month

A.that B.as if C.when D.so far

8.It ____that he was late for the train.A.looks B.turns C.gets D.seems

9.These apples taste_____.A.to he good B.to be well C.well D.good

10.—Do you like the shirt?

—Yes, it ____ very soft.A.feels B.felt C.is feeling D.is felt

11.The moment Mr Zhang went to bed, he____ asleep 教师寄语：No pains, no gains.A.kept B.got C.fell D.fall

12.When I went home yesterday, it was ____ dark.A.going B.getting C.running D.coming

13.Their plan ____ to be a perfect one.A.proved B.was proved C.is proving D.proving

14.The flowers in the garden ____ sweet.A.sound B.taste C.become D.smell

15.She____ like her mother in character.A.looks B.seems C.is D.feels

16.It____ another fine day tomorrow.A.seems B.promises C.appears D.looks

17.He ____ much younger than he really is.A.appears B.grows C.becomes D.turns

18.You____ very pale.Do you feel sick?

A.looked B.look C.looking D.are looked

19.His wish to become a driver has ____true.A.turned B.realized C.come D.grown

20.Her father ____a writer.A.turned B.grew C.has turned D.has become

三、课后练习

（一）选择填空

1.My brother ____ a teacher.He ____ his pupils very much.A.is, like

B.is, likes

C.are, likes

2.A: How many days ____ there in a week?

B: There ____ seven.A.is, is

B.are, are

C.is, are

3.I ____ tired last night.A.became

B.felt

C.looked

4.Her face ____ pale（苍白）when she heard the bad news.教师寄语：No pains, no gains.D.am 5

D.are, like D.are, is

A.got

B.is

C.turned

D.was 5.You ____ pale.What's wrong with you?

A.turn

B.seem

C.look

D.become 6.The boy ____ ill today.A.are

B.is

C.be

D.am 7.Which ____ bigger, the sun or the moon?

A.are

B.is

C.be

D.×

8.Neither she nor I ____ a doctor.A.am not

B.am

C.are

D.is 9.I ____ a worker next year.A.am

B.will be

C.be

D.will 10.Her voice ____ like my mother's.A.sounds

B.sound

C.looks

D.look 11.It often rains and the crops ____ fast.A.get

B.turn

C.grow

D.become 12.A: How are you ____ now?

B: Much better, thank you.A.getting

B.feeling

C.making

D.turning 13.The teacher's smile made me ____ better.A.feel

B.to feel

C.feeling

D.felt 14.My English teacher ____.A.all look young

B.looks young

C.look young

D.all looks young 15.I ____ busy now, but I ____ free next week.A.am, am

B.am, will

C.am, will be D.being, will be 16.I ____ at this school for about two months.A.am

B.will be

C.have been

D.was 17.My brother ____ in the League for about five years.A.have been

B.has been

C.was

D.is 18.Come to my office if you ____ free tomorrow.教师寄语：No pains, no gains.A.are

B.will be

C.was

D.is 19.If water ____ heated, it will be ____ into vapour（蒸气）.A.was, turned

B.is, turned

C.is.get

D.was, got

20.If you don't take back what you just said, Mother ____ angry.A.is

B.will be

C.get

D.feels 21.Neither of us ____ a doctor.A.am

B.are

C.is

D.were 22.He ____ a famous writer.A.turns

B.become

C.has become

D.has turned 23.The girl's face ____ red.A.turned

B.got

C.feel

D.look 24.He ____ very glad.A.looked

B.turned

C.feel

D.looks 25.The flowers ____ fragrant（芳香）.A.get

B.smells

C.smell

D.feels 26.The table ____ very smooth.A.look

B.turn

C.feels

D.smell 27.Jack ____ younger than Tom.A.look

B.feel

C.feels

D.looks 28.She looks ____.A.happy

B.to be happy C.happily

D.that she is happy

（二）用smell，taste，go，get，become，grow，seem，look，feel，turn的适当形式填空：

1.You _ _ __ very young.2.At first those questions_ _ __easy, but later I found them difficult.3.After the sports meeting, he _ _ __very tired.4.My younger brother _ _ __a student last year.5.When we_ _ __ up, we're going to help build up our country.6.The flowers _ _ __very sweet.7.Her face _ _ __red.教师寄语：No pains, no gains.8.Jack _ _ __very happy.9.The mooncake _ _ __good.10.The meat_ _ __bad.（三）把下列各句译成英语

1.以她的年龄而言，她看起来很年轻。

2.天色渐黑，咱们回家吧。

3.他好象匆忙的样子。

4.为什么他感到悲伤？

5.我祖母的头发变白了。

6.约翰成了一名好学生。

7.1995年我哥哥成了一名解放军战士。

8.他来看我时，我在生病。

9.整天工作后，汤姆感觉又饿又累。

10.听到这个好消息时，她的脸色变红。

11.他的答案似乎正确。

12.别喝这牛奶，它已经变酸了。

13.别出声，请保持安静。

教师寄语：No pains, no gains.14.我们应该永远保持谦虚谨慎。

15.那听起来是个好主意。

16.我国正变得越来越强大。

17.足球是我最喜欢的运动。

18.像是个好天。

19.我们必须准备好去那儿。

20.这汤闻起来很香。

教师寄语：No pains, no gains.