航海英语1002第二节 船体结构

第一篇：航海英语1002第二节 船体结构

第二节 船体结构

0287.The upward slope of a vessels bottom from the keel to the bilge is called ___D___．

船底从龙骨到舭部向上的斜坡叫（）

A．Camber 梁拱B．Sheer 舷弧C．Rake倾角D．Rise of bottom 底部升高

0995.____D__ is not a longitudinal structural member．

下列哪一项不是纵向强度结构（）

A．sideshell 船壳边板B．bottom shell plating 船壳底板C．inner bottom plating 内底板 D．transverse bulkhead 横舱壁

0996.____D__ is not a static load．

下列哪种情况不是稳定装载状态（）

A．Actual weight of the ship's structure，outfitting，equipment and machinery 船舶结构、舾装、设备及机械等的实际重量

B．Ballast load（weight）压载C．Cargo load 载货

D．Slamming（猛撞）and sloshing load（泼溅）自由液面

0998.A carling is used aboard ship ___B___．[49] 在船上纵梁有什么用途（）

A．As a connecting strap between the butted（使接合）ends of plating 用于连接壳板的铁条

B．To stiffen areas under points of great stress between beams 用来加强受力的横梁之间的区域

C．To prevent the anchor from fouling when the brake is released 当松开刹车后，用来防止锚链绞缠

D．To provide an extra heavy fitting in a heavy lift cargo rig 在重吊吊吊杆中增加承重构件

0999.A continuous watertight bulkhead is normally also a（n）___A___．[71] 连续的水密舱壁一般同时也是（）

A．Structural bulkhead 结构舱壁B．Exterior bulkhead 外壳舱臂 C．Centerline bulkhead 船中央舱臂D．Joiner bulkhead 连接舱壁

1000.A deck fitting，used to secure line or wire rope，consisting of a single body with two protruding horns is called a ____D__．[77] 甲板上由两个突出的角状结构组成的，用来挽、系绳索或缆绳的设备叫（）A．Bitt单柱系缆桩B．Bollard系缆桩C．Capstan绞盘 D．Cleat 羊角

1002.A set of interior steps on a ship leading up to a deck from below is known as __A___．[182] 在船体内部，从下层甲板到上层甲板之间的台阶叫做（）

A．A companion way升降口通道B．Tween-decks 双层甲板C．Stairs 楼梯 D．Any of the above are acceptable 以上均可 1003.A term applied to the bottom shell plating in a double-bottom ship is ___B___．

在双层底船舶中，用来表示外部船壳底板的单词是（）

A．bottom floor 底层B．outer bottom 外底板C．shea(E)r plating 舷顶列板 D．tank top 内底板

1005.Bilge keels are fitted on ships to ___D___．[426] 船上舭龙骨起什么作用（）

A．Assist in drydock alignment 上坞时便于排墩 B．Improve the vessel's stability 提高船舶稳性

C．Protect the vessel from slamming against piers 靠泊时防止船体与码头碰撞 D．Reduce the rolling of the vessel 减少船舶横摇

1007.Compared to internal structural plating，the exterior hull plating on a vessel is usually ____A__．[467] 与船舶内部结构相比，外部船壳板一般（）

A．stronger 强度更大B．thinner 更薄C．more corrosion resistant 更耐腐蚀 D．a lower grade steel 所用钢材的等级较低

1008.Compared to internal structural plating，the exterior hull plating on a ship is usually ____A__．

A．stronger B．thinner C．more corrosion resistant D．a lower grade steel

1009.Deck beams on a vessel are generally spaced at equal intervals and run __C____．

船上甲板横梁一般等间距（）排列

A．longitudinally 纵向B．vertically 垂向C．transversely 横向D．intermittently间歇地

1010.Deck beams perform ___C___ of the following functions in the hull structure of a vessel．① They transfer deck loads to the frames；② They help to maintain the shape of the hull．

在船舶结构中，甲板起下列哪些作用①把甲板承重转移到肋骨上②有助于保持船体形状 A．① only． B．② only． C．Both ① and ② D．Neither ① nor ②

1011.Floors aboard ship are __B____． 船上肋板是（）A．also called decks 又叫甲板

B．vertical transverse plates connecting the vertical keel with the margin plates 垂直横向排列，用来联接垂向龙骨与边板的钢板

C．large beams fitted in various parts of the vessel for additional strength 安装在船体各个部位起加强作用的横梁

D．found in passenger and berthing spaces only 只在客船及泊位上可见到

1012.Floors aboard ship are ____A__．[528] 船上肋板是（）

A．frames to which the tank top and bottom shell are fastened on a double bottomed ship 在双层底船上，用来连接船壳外板与内底板的骨架

B．transverse members of the ships frame which support the decks 支撑甲板的横向船舶构件 C．longitudinal beams in the extreme bottom of a ship from which the ship's ribs start 在船壳最外面的纵向构件，用于铺设船体肋骨

D．longitudinal angle bars fastened to a surface for strength 附着在（钢板）表面起加强作用的角钢

1013.For existing ships，___D___ is not an improvement to safety．

对现有船舶来说，（）不是安全提高的表现

A．the reinforcement of the aft transverse watertight bulkhead 加强船舶艉部横向舱壁 B．the double bottom structure in way of the foremost cargo hold 有接近艏部的货舱下增加双层底结构 C．the introduction of a more rigorous survey regime and greater attention to operating procedures 引入更为严厉的船舶检验机制，更加小心操作

D．introduction of new and improved designs 采用新的、先进的设计

1014.Forecastle deck is located in the ship's ___A___．

首楼在船上的什么位置（）

A．Bow stem 船头B．Stern 船尾C．Portside 左舷 D．Starboard side 右舷

1015.Frames to which the tank top and bottom shell are fastened are called ___A___．[553] 用来连接内底板与外板的船体骨架叫（）

A．floors 肋板B．intercostals 断续材、肋间部C．stringers纵梁;纵桁

D．tank top supports 内底板支架

1016.Holes in the bulwark，which allow deck water to drain into the sea，are ___C___．[586] 在舷墙上，为方便甲板水排入海中而开的孔叫（）

A．Doggers 荷兰双桅渔船B．Fidleys锅炉舱顶棚C．Freeing ports排水孔

D．Swash ports 止荡孔

1017.If the weights are moved away from the midship section，___A___ will happen on board．

如果从船舶中部移走重量，会发生（）

A．hogging 中拱B．sagging 中垂C．stiff 稳性过大D．tender 稳性太小

1018.In a transversely framed ship，the transverse frames are supported by all of the following EXCEPT ____D__．[682] 在一艘横骨架式的船上，下列哪一项不起支撑船舶横向构件的作用（）

A．Girders 纵梁B．Longitudinals 纵骨C．Side stringers 边纵桁D．Web plates 宽板肋骨

1019.In heavy weather you notice buckling（弯曲;鼓起;褶皱）in the midships deck plating of your vessel．To relieve the strain you could ___D___．

恶劣天气中，你发现船体中部向上鼓起，为减少甲板拉力，你应（）

A．pump fuel oil from midships to the ends of the vessel 把燃油从中部驳到船体首尾 B．reduce speed 减速航行

C．take a course which most eases the vessel 采用最适合船舶的航向航行 D．All of the above 全是

1020.In vessel construction，a greater number of watertight bulkheads results in __C____．[747] 船体结构中，如果船舶水密舱壁的数量增加，会产生什么后果（）A．increased capacity to set flooding boundaries 增加船舶抗沉性 B．decreased capacity to set flooding boundaries 减少船舶抗沉性 C．reduced compartmentation 减少船舶舱容 D．greater deck load capacity 增加甲板载荷

1021.In vessel construction，beams are transverse girders which provide support to_C____．[749] 船体结构中，横梁是用来支撑（）的横向构件

A．Bulkheads 舱壁B．Deckhouse structures 甲板桅房C．Decks 甲板 D．Vertical frames 垂向骨架

1022.In vessel construction，the garboard strake is ___A___．[750] 船舶结构中，龙骨翼板列（）

A．Located next to and parallel to the keel 安放在龙骨旁边并与龙骨平行

B．Located next to and parallel to the gunwale 安放在甲板边缘附近并与之平行

C．Another term for the bilge keel 又叫舭龙骨 D．Another term for the rub rail又叫扶手栏杆

龙骨翼板：方龙骨两边的左、右各一列纵向外板。

1023.It is possible，and sometimes necessary，to strengthen the deck of a vessel for carriage of deck cargo by __D____．[769] 有时，为了在甲板装货，有可能或必须通过（）来加强甲板承荷能力 A．placing bunker on the deck 在甲板上堆放燃煤

B．building a stage on which to place the cargo 在甲板上搭个台，用来装甲板货 C．welding steel feet to the deck，on which the cargo is placed 在甲板上焊一些支架，用来装甲板货

D．erecting vertical pillars under the deck to support the cargo 在甲板下立一些垂直的柱子撑住甲板货

1024.Limber（污水道）is a term associated with _B_____．[796] 污水道是与（）有关的单词

A．Emergency gear应急设备 B．Drainage 排水C．Deck cargo storage 甲板货储藏 D．Securing gear 绑扎设备

1025.On a vessel，the keel is the primary strength member of the lower hull form in which direction ____C____．

船舶上，龙骨是主要的（）强度结构

A．Transverse 横向B．Diagonal 斜向C．Longitudinal 纵向D．Vertical 垂向

1026.On board a bulk carrier，__A____．

散货船上（）A．harbour SWSF > seagoing SWSF，harbour SWBM > seagoing SWBM B．harbour SWSF < seagoing SWSF，harbour SWBM < seagoing SWBM C．harbour SWSF > seagoing SWSF，harbour SWBM < seagoing SWBM D．harbour SWSF < seagoing SWSF，harbour SWBM > seagoing SWBM SWSF：safe working sheer force（许用）安全剪力矩 SWBM：safe working bending moment（许用）安全弯矩

1027.One function of a bulwark is to ___A___．[875] 舷墙的作用之一是（）

A．Help keep the deck dry 保持甲板干燥

B．Prevent stress concentrations on the stringer plate 减少纵桁的应力集中 C．Protect against twisting forces exerted on the frame of the vessel 保护船体免因受到扭矩而受损

D．Reinforce the side stringers 用于加强边纵桁

1028.Pollution regulations require that each scupper in an enclosed deck area have a __D____．

根据防污规则要求，封闭甲板区域内的每个排水口必须有（）A．Wooden plug木头塞子 B．Soft rubber plug 软橡胶塞子 C．Two-piece soft patch两件一套的软贴片 D．Mechanical means of closing 机械关闭装置

1030.Regulations define the bulkhead deck as ___B___．（subdivision and stability regulations）

分舱及稳性规则把舱壁甲板定义为（）

A．any deck extending from stem to stern 任何从船头延伸至船尾的甲板 B．the uppermost deck to which transverse watertight bulkheads extend 横向水密舱壁达到的最上一层甲板

C．the lowermost deck to which transverse watertight bulkheads extend 横向水密舱壁到达的最下一层甲板

D．the uppermost complete deck 最上一层连续甲板

1031.Reinforcing frames attached to a bulkhead on a vessel are called ____C__．

船舶上焊在舱壁上用来加强舱壁强度的加强构件叫（）

A．side longitudinals 边纵骨B．intercostals 断续材C．stiffeners 加强筋D．brackets 撑架

1035.The Captain's accommodation comprising rooms certified for his exclusive use may be ___A___ in the measurement of vessel's tonnage．

在进行船舶吨位丈量时，船舶房间（包括所有指定由他单独使用的各个房间）可以（）A．Deducted 扣除B．Added 增加C．Forfeited 没收、失去D．Used 使用

1037.The extension of the after part of the keel in a single-screw vessel upon which the stern post rests is called the __C____．

船舶上，龙骨后部延伸出的用来安放尾柱的构件叫做（）

A．boss圆形突出物B．knuckle转向节C．skeg龙骨的支柱D．strut支柱 1038.The hull is divided up into a number of watertight compartments by ___B___．

船体被（）分隔成一定数量的水密舱室

A．inner bottom plating and longitudinals 内底板及纵骨

B．decks and bulkheads 甲板及舱壁C．double bottom girders 双层底桁架

D．topside and hopper tank sloping plating and longitudinals 内底板、低边柜斜坡及纵骨

1039.The locker will ___A___ as long as your ship is here．

只要你船还在这里，储藏室就应（）

A．Be kept sealed保持关闭B．Be released from being sealed 把关闭的都打开 C．Be kept signed 保持可见D．Be released from being signed 把可见到的都打开

1043.The piping that routes an oil cargo from the manifold to underdeck pipelines is known as a ___B___．[1136] 从管路集成器那把货油接到甲板下的管路里去的支管叫（）

A．Cargo fill 装货管B．Line drop 下舱管C．Transfer 转驳管D．Branch line分支管

1044.The primary barrier of a bulk carrier is formed by ___D___．

散装船的第一道防水构造是由（）组成的

A．the single skin side shell and the inner bottom 单壳船壳板及内底板 B．deck strips，hatch covers and coamings甲板带、舱盖及舱口围

C．the vertically corrugated transverse watertight bulkheads 垂向折弯的水密横舱壁

D．the single skin side shell between topside and hopper tanks，and the cross deck strips，hatch covers and coamings 高边柜及低边柜之间的单壳船壳板、横向甲板带、舱盖及舱口围

1046.The section of each end of a barge which is heavily reinforced to take the pressure of pushing is called the ___A___．[1186] 驳船首尾两端特别加强的，用来承受顶推时所受的压力的构件叫做（）

A．Headlog 碰垫B．Towhead沙洲C．Collision bulkhead 防撞舱壁D．Bullnose 球鼻首

1047.The strake on each side of the keel is called a ___D___．

在龙骨两侧的列板叫（）

A．Sheer strake舷侧厚板列B．Gatewood strake C．Insulation（隔离）strake D．Garboard strake龙骨翼板列

1048.The term strake is used in reference to ___C___．

列板这一词组用来表示（）

A．rudder mountings 舵的托架B．anchor gear 锚设备C．hull plating 船壳板 D．vessel framing 船体骨架

1050.The Vessel's cargo holds are properly fitted with ___A____ in way of hatches．

船舶的货舱沿舱口安装了适当的（）

A．Floor-ceiling舱顶板B．Battens 压条板C．Covers 覆盖物 D．Hard-wood boards 硬木板 1051.To determine the weight capacity of a deck in a cargo hold，you would refer to the __B____．[1268] 为了确定甲板最大载货能力，你应查阅（）

A．Deadweight scale总载重量表尺B．Deck capacity plan 甲板装载能力平面图 C．Cubic capacity tables 体积容量表D．General arrangement plan 总布置图

1052.Tonnage openings must be closed by means of ____C__．

吨位开口应由什么封闭（）

A．Press board（绝缘）压榨纸板B．Steel hatch boards 钢制舱口板 C．Steel plates 钢板D．Wooden hatch boards 木制舱口板

1053.What can cause a lack of oxygen in a chain locker ____D____．

什么会导致锚链舱缺氧（）

A．Absorption 吸收作用B．Osmosis渗透作用C．Evaporation蒸发作用 D．Oxidation氧化作用

1054.What is a cofferdam ___C_____．[1348] 干隔舱是（）

A．Tube fitted to an ullage hole安装在容器内液面以上的空间内的管子 B．Area the product is loaded into 用来装入货物的区域

C．Void or empty space separating two tanks 用来分隔两个液货舱的空舱

D．Opening in the deck used for cleaning a tank 甲板上的开口，便于冲冼甲板的水流出

1055.What type of stern tube bearing has the least friction _____A___．

哪一种尾部管形轴承磨擦力最小（）

A．Oil-lubricated bearings 用油润滑的轴承B．Lignum vitae(热带产)愈疮树 C．Hard rubber 硬橡胶D．Bronze bushings青铜轴衬

1056.When lowering manropes alongside a stage rigged over the side of a vessel，they should be allowed to trail in the water ___C___．

当在舷外安装架板，应沿船舷放下一根救生绳，该救生绳应松到水面上让绳头顺流而漂，目的是（）

A．to easily remove the kinks that form in the lines 如果绳子打结了，可轻易解开 B．to allow the seamen on the stage to know the direction and strength of the current 可以使架板上的船员知道流的方向及强度

C．to provide the seaman something to hold onto if he or she falls from the stage into the water 如果船员从架板上落水，他可以抓住绳子

D．only for short periods of time since they will become waterlogged and be very heavy to pull up 只能放一小段时间，因为绳子很快会泡水变重，无法拉上来

1057.When using the term limber system one is referring to a ___B___．[1528] 当提到“排污系统”这一词组时，一般指的是（）

A．Cleaning system 清洗系统B．Drainage system 排水系统

C．Strengthening system 加固系统D．Weight reduction system 减重系统

1058.Which arrangement of shell plating is used most in modern shipbuilding ____B____．

现代造船业中，最经常用到的船壳板的成型方式是（）

A．Clinker熔铸B．Flush 冲压C．In-and-Out 进进出出D．Joggled啮合

1059.Which of the following is a characteristic of a Ro-Ro vessel ____C____．[1612] 下列哪一项是滚装船的特点（）

A．Passenger tours available upon docking 靠舶后为乘客提供旅游服务 B．Long port stays necessary to secure vehicles 用绑扎汽车，靠岸时间长 C．Short in port turnaround times 在港周转时间短

D．Heavy vehicles only require lightweight securing equipment 重件货也只需轻型绑扎设备即可

1061.Which space cannot be deducted from gross tonnage when calculating net tonnage ____B____．

在计算净吨位时，哪一部分的容积不能从总吨位中扣除（）

A．Crew messroom 船员餐厅B．Forepeak ballast tank 首尖舱压载舱 C．Master's cabin 船长房间D．Chain locker 锚链舱

1062.Which space（s）is（are）deducted from gross tonnage to derive net tonnage _A_____．

下列哪一部分容积可从总吨位中扣除以得到净吨位（）

A．Boatswain's stores 水手长的水手长的储物间储物间B．Companions and booby hatches 升降舱口

C．Passenger spaces 载客舱室 D．All of the above 以上全是

1063.Which space（s）is（are）deducted from gross tonnage to derive net tonnage ___D___．[1634] 下列哪一部分容积可以从总吨位中扣除以得到净吨位（）

A．Galley fitted with range or oven配有煤气灶及铁锅的厨房B．Open structures 开口结构 C．Passenger spaces 载客舱室D．Boatswain's stores 水手长的个人储物间

1064.Which statement about the hospital space on a cargo ship is TRUE ___D_____．

下列有关货船上医院的描述哪一句正确（）

A．The hospital may be used for disciplinary confinement if it is not being used for treatment 如果没有病人正接受治疗，医院可作为禁闭室

B．The hospital space must have both a bathtub and shower 医院内应有浴缸和喷淋设备

C．A hospital is required on all vessels with a crew of 12 or more if it makes overnight voyages 如果船上船员人数超过12人，且航程超过一个晚上，必须配有医院

D．If a ship has a crew of forty-five who do not have their own room，the hospital must have four berths 如果船上有45个船员没有个人房间，医院应有4个铺位

1065.Which term refers to a transverse curvature of the deck ____B____．

下列哪一个词组用来表示甲板的横向弯曲（）

A．Deadrise 端部上翘B．Camber 梁拱C．Freeboard 干舷D．Flare(船舷)外倾

1066.While cranking（用曲柄启动或旋转）out a quadrantal davit，slippage of the quadrant due to excessive wear or failure of the teeth in the quadrant will cause the ___A___．

当旋转曲柄把直角弯曲的吊艇架放下来时，如果齿轮间的轮齿因过分磨损而打滑，将会导致（）

A．Davit arm to pivot on the traveling nut and the head to fall outboard 吊艇架会顺着移动螺母转动，吊艇架头部将落向舷外

B．Traveling nut to lock up in place on the worm gear 吊艇架移动螺母会卡在磨损的轮齿的位置上

C．Limit switch to engage and hold the traveling nut in position 限位开关开始工作并把移动螺母固定住 D．Winch brake to lock in position and prevent lowering the boat 绞车的刹车会刹住，使艇不会滑下

1067.Why is it necessary to extend ventilators of gasoline powered vessels to the bilges _____B___．[1727] 为什么汽油机船的通风管应伸到污水井里（）

A．To keep them dry，and thus easier to clean 为了保持干燥，因而更易清洁 B．To remove fuel vapors which are heavier than air 为了清除比空气重的油汽 C．To provide adequate air to the engines 为主机提供适量的空气 D．To cool the machinery areas 冷却机器处所

1071.A deck beam does NOT ___B___．[76] 甲板横梁不起下列哪一项作用（）

A．act as a beam to support vertical deck loads 作为支持垂向甲板货的横梁 B．lessen the longitudinal stiffness of the vessel 减轻船舶纵向的刚性

C．act as a tie to keep the sides of the ship in place 连接船舶边板，使之不变形 D．act as a web to prevent plate wrinkling due to twisting action on the vessel 作为一种框架，防止因船舶扭转而造成的船壳板扭曲变形

1089.Any hatch beam or pontoon left in place next to an open hatch section being worked shall be _C_____ or otherwise secured，so that it cannot be accidentally displaced．

所有放置于起正在进行作业的开着的货舱口边的舱盖横梁或箱形舱口盖应（）或绑扎固定，以免意外移动。

A．tommed down B．braced 支撑;加固C．locked 锁定，固定D．chopped 砍,劈,剁

1090.Because of ___D___，air ducts used aboard ships are often very small and have sharp curves and bends． 由于（），船上的空气管经常很小，而且曲度很大

A．high level 液位高B．overflow spaces 防溢空档C．cargo tank 液货舱 D．space constraints 受空间限制

1101.In nautical terminology a dog is a ___B___． 航海词汇中，“dog” 是什么意思

A．Crow bar撬棍B．Device to force a water tight door against the frame 用来顶住水密门使之紧贴在架构上的器具（压盖螺栓，顶门杠，水密门板闩把手）C．Heavy steel beam 厚钢梁D．Wedge楔子

1106.On a ship，a door that is required to be marked KEEP CLOSED is designed to ___D___．[858]船舶上，标有“保持关闭”字样的门是被设计用来（）A．prevent the passage of flammable gases 防止可燃气体通过 B．prevent the passage of poisonous vapors防止有毒气体通过 C．delay the spread of heat and flames 延缓热量及火焰通过 D．maintain watertight integrity 保持水密性

1109.Strongbacks（强力背材,装货舷门闩,活动舱盖梁）unshipped in an intermediate deck shall be secured so that they cannot be __B____ into a lower compartment．

在中层甲板上已经卸下的活动舱盖梁，应绑扎固定好，以免（）进入下层舱室中去 A．moved 移动B．tipped or dragged倾倒或被拉动C．removed 移除D．put 放

1110.Strongbacks unshipped in an intermediate deck shall not be placed closer than 15.24 cm from ___A___．

在中层甲板上已经卸下的活动舱盖梁，应放置在靠近（）附近不超过15.24 cm处 A．the coaming 舱口围B．hatch way仓口位C．fore bulkhead 前舱壁 D．aft bulkhead 后舱壁

1127.The permanent dunnage attached to the frames of the ship that aids in ventilation is（are）the ____D__．[1134] 船舶上永久性地固定在骨架上以利通风的垫舱板叫做（）

A．hatch boards 舱口板B．tank top 内底板、舱底C．hatch beams 舱口横梁 D．sweat battens 防汗湿压条

1129.The purpose of a bilge well is to __B____．[1149] 污水井的作用是（）

A．Afford access to the shell through the double bottoms 在双层底与船壳板之间提供通道 B．Collect water to be pumped out 收集污水，以便抽出 C．Provide access for the pneumercator

D．Provide a base line for sounding measurements 作为测量舱内水深基线

1130.The roller hatch beam at the edge of the open section of the hatch shall be ___C___ so that it cannot be moved toward the open section．

应把位于货口边上的舱口滚动梁（）以免它们移动到货舱口处

A．braced 支撑;加固B．chopped砍,劈,剁C．lashed or pinned back 绑扎住或用插销固定D．locked 锁定，固定

1136.Ultrasonic testing is used to determine the thickness of a vessel's shell plating and to ___B___．[1293] 超声波检测用来检验船壳板厚度及（）

A．Provide tailshaft clearances 提供尾轴间隙 B．Test welds for subsurface defects 检查焊缝内部缺陷

C．Check the wear of the rudder carrier bearing 检查舵承磨损情况 D．Test the links of the anchor cables while being ranged 检查锚链链环

1143.What is the purpose of limber holes ____D____．[1398] 舭部流水孔的作用是（）

A．To allow for air circulation 使空气流通

B．To allow for stress and strain in rough waters 在波浪大时，减轻船体压力与拉力 C．To allow water in the boat to drain overboard 便于艇中的水排出艇外

D．To allow water in the bilge to get to the boat drain 便于舭部的水流到污水井

1149.When stowed on steel decks，the strongbacks and pontoons shall be secured with ___A___．

A．Dunnage or other suitable material B．other strongbacks C．hatch covers D．other pontoons

1367.A partial deck in a hold is called a（n）__B____．[150] 在船舱中的半全通甲板叫做（）A．Weather deck 露天甲板B．Orlop deck最下层甲板C．Shelter deck 遮蔽甲板D．Main deck 主甲板

1517.A well in the uppermost deck of a shelter deck vessel which has only a temporary means of closing for the purpose of gaining an exemption from tonnage measurement is called a（n）__D____．

在遮蔽甲板的最高处的开口（该开口只是临时关闭，目的是为了在吨位丈量时得到减免空间）叫做（）

A．Exemption space 减免空间B．Tonnage deck 吨位甲板C．Cofferdam 隔离空舱 D．Tonnage opening 吨位开口

1526.Kort nozzles are installed around the propellers of some vessels to __A____．[783] 在一些船舶的螺旋桨上装有导流管，其目的是（）A．Increase the thrust of the propeller 增加螺旋桨推力

B．Protect the propeller from striking sawyers 防止螺旋桨撞到

C．Prevent the propeller from striking barges towed on the ship 防止螺旋桨撞到拖带的驳船 D．Prevent the propeller from touching bottom in low water 防止螺旋桨在浅水中触底

第二篇：船体英语

一． 名词部分

（一）船舶

1．船舶与海上设施的类型 Type of Ship and Offshore Unit 货船 Cargo Ship 杂货船 General cargo ship 干货船 Dry cargo ship 散货船 Bulk carrier 矿沙船 Ore carrier 运煤船 Coal carrier 集装箱船 Container ship 滚装货船 Ro/Ro ship 冷藏船 Refrigerated ship 运畜船 Cattle carrier 运木船 Timber carrier 近海供应船 Offshore supply ship 散装矿砂船 Bulk Ore carrier 混装船 Combination carrier 载驳母船 Barge Carrier 汽车运输船 Car carrier 液货船 Liquid Cargo Carrier 油船 Oil tanker 化学品液货船 Chemical tanker 液化气体船 Liquefied gas carrier 油矿两用船 Oil/ore carrier 油散两用船 Oil/bulk carrier 油散矿三用船 Oil/bulk/ore carrier 客船 Passenger Ship 客船 Passenger ship 豪华旅游客船 Cruise ship 旅游船 Tourist ship 高速客船 High speed passenger craft 双体客船 Passenger catamaran 客货船 Passenger-cargo ship 客箱船 Passenger container ship 客滚船 Ro/Ro Passenger Ship 高速船 High Speed Craft 全垫升气垫船 Air-cushion Vehicle 水面效应船 Surface Effect Ship 双体气垫船 Air-cushion Catamaran 侧壁气垫船 Side-wall Hovercraft 高速双体船 High Speed Catamaran 2 高速单体船 High Speed Monohull Craft 地效翼船 Wing-in Ground Craft 水翼船 Hydrofoil Craft 动力支承船 Dynamically Supported Craft 两栖船 Amphibious Craft 小水面单体船 Small Waterplane Area Single Hull Ship 小水面双体船 Small Waterplane Area Twin Hull Ship 驳船 Barge 客驳 Passenger Barge 货驳 Cargo Barge 敞口驳 Open Barge 甲板驳 Deck Barge 集装箱驳 Container Barge 分节驳 Integrated Barge 开底驳 Hopper Barge 油驳 Oil Barge 趸船（箱形驳）Pontoon 拖船 Tug 港作拖船 Harbour Tug 打捞拖船 Salvage Tug 顶推船 Pusher 近海供应拖船 Offshore tug/supply ship 工程船 Engineering Ship 挖泥船 Dredger 耙吸式挖泥船 Trailing suction dredger 绞吸式挖泥船 Cutter suction dredger 链斗式挖泥船 Bucket dredger 抓斗式挖泥船 Grab dredger 铲斗式挖泥船 Dipper dredger 吹泥船 Reclamation craft 开底泥驳 Hopper Barge 对开泥驳 Split Hopper Barge 起重船 Floating Crane 浮船坞 Floating Dock 打桩船 Floating Pile Driver 布缆船 Cable Layer 潜水工作船 Diving Boat 港区工作船 Harbour Operating Ship 破冰船 Ice breaker 消防船 Fire Boat 救护船/救助船 Rescue Ship 引水船 Pilot Vessel 海关船 Customs Boat 巡逻船 Patrol Boat 3 布标船 Buoy Layer 灯标船 Beacon Boat 交通艇 Traffic Boat 垃圾船 Garbage Boat 浮油回收船 Oil Recovery Ship 污水处理船 Sewage Disposal Vessel 海水淡化船 Distilling Ship 渡船 Ferry 乘客渡船 Passenger Ferry 火车渡船 Train Ferry 车客渡船 Vehicle Passenger Ferry 海峡渡船 Channel Ferry 渔船 Fishing Vessel 渔品加工船 Fish-Factory Ship 拖网渔船 Trawler 围网渔船 Netter 捕鲸船 Whaling Ship 活鱼运输船 Live Fish Carrier 其他船舶

科学调查船 Research ship 训练船 Training Ship 特殊用途船 Special purpose ship 内河船 Inland Waterways Ship 海上设施

海上移动平台 Mobile Offshore Unit 海上移动钻井平台 Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit 水面式平台 Surface Unit 船式平台 Ship-type Unit 驳船平台 Barge-type Unit 自升式平台 Self-elevating Unit 柱稳式平台 Column-stabilized Unit 半潜式平台 Semi-submersible Unit 坐底式平台 Submersible Unit 采油平台 Production Unit 储油平台 Storage Unit 生活平台 Accommodation Unit 修理平台 Repair Unit 海上固定平台 Fixed Offshore Platform 海底管道 Submarine Pipeline 潜水系统和潜水器 Diving System and Submersible 单点系泊 Single Point Mooring(SPM)浮式生产与储油装置 Floating Production and Storage Unit(FSUs)浮式生产、储存及卸载系统 Floating Production, Storage and Offloading System(FPSOs)4 2． 数据与资料 Data and Information 数据

总长 Length overall(LOA)垂线间长 Length bet.perpendiculars(LBP)首、尾垂线 Forward and after perpendiculars 型宽 Moulded breadth 型深 Moulded depth 建造日期 Date of build 签订建造合同日期 Date of building contract 龙骨安放日期 Date of keel laid 交船日期 Date of delivery 下水日期 Launching date 重大改建 Major conversion 安放龙骨或船舶处于相似建造阶段的日期

Date on which keel was laid or ship was at a similar stage of construction 签订改建合同日期 Date of conversion contract 改建完工日期 Date of completion of conversion 船舶所有人 Owner 经营人 Operator 承租人 Charterer 船舶编号或呼号 Distinctive number or letters 航行区域 Navigation area/Service area/Trade area 曾用过的船名 Former Name 姐妹船 Sister Ship 总吨位 Gross tonnage 净吨位 Net tonnage 排水量 Displacement 载货量 Cargo weight 载重量 Deadweight 空船重量 Light(-ship)weight 吃水(首、尾、平均)Draft(fwd, aft, mean)稳性 Stability 完整稳性 Intact stability 破舱稳性 Damaged stability 分舱（抗沉性）Subdivision 初稳性高度 Metacentric height 衡准数 Criterion numeral 剖面模数 Section modulus 惯性矩 Moment of inertia 纵总强度 Longitudinal strength 局部强度 Local strength 方形系数 Block coefficient 静水弯矩 Still water bending moment 5 重心垂直高度 Vertical height of centre of gravity 屈服应力 Yield stress 标准舷弧 Standard sheer 防火分隔 Fire division 航区限制 Navigation area restriction 海况限制 Sea state restriction 天气限制 Weather restriction 最大抗风暴能力 Max.weatherliness 储备浮力 Reserve buoyancy 续航力 Endurance 渗透率 Permeability 盲区 Blind area 共振区域 Resonance region 容许载荷 Permissible load 核定载客数 Number of persons certified to carry 干舷： Freeboard 热带干舷 Tropical freeboard 夏季干舷 Summer freeboard 冬季干舷 Winter freeboard 北大西洋冬季干舷 Winter North Atlantic freeboard 热带木材干舷 Timber tropical 夏季木材干舷 Timber summer 冬季木材干舷 Timber winter 北大西洋冬季木材干舷 Timber winter North Atlantic freeboard 淡水宽限 Allowance for fresh water 减少干舷的B 型船舶 Type B with reduced freeboard 增加干舷的B 型船舶 Type B with increased freeboard 载重线： Load line 载重线标志 Loadline marks 资料

防火控制图 Fire control plans 海图(up-to-date 最新)Charts 航路指南 Sailing direction 灯塔表 Lists of lights 航行通告 Notices to mariners 潮汐表 Tide tables 航海出版物 Nautical publications 应变部署表 Muster list 国际信号规则 International Code of Signals 航海日志 Deck log book 机舱日志 Engine room log book 无线电日志 Radio log book 6 线型图 Lines 稳性资料 Stability information 装载手册 Loading manual 干舷计算书 Freeboard calculations 配载图 Stowage plan 操作说明书 Operation instructions 维修计划 Maintenance plan 训练手册 Training manual 船上维修保养指南 Instructions for on-board maintenance 弃船训练演习手册 Abandon ship training and drill manual 3． 舱室处所 Compartments or Spaces 舱室

工作和设备舱室： 驾驶室wheel house 海图室 chart room 报务室 radio room 雷达室 radar room 声纳室 sonar room 主机舱 main engine room 主机操纵室 main engine control room 辅机舱 auxiliary engine room 锅炉舱 boiler room 机炉舱 engine and boiler room 减速器舱 reduction gear room 舵机舱 steering gear room 通风机室 fan room 变流机室 commutator room 空调室 air-conditioner room 应急发电机室 emergency generator room 冷冻机室 refrigerator room 灭火装置室 fire control room 蓄电池室 battery room

陀螺罗经室 gyro-compass room 方位水平仪室 azimuth level room 计程仪舱 log room 导弹舱 missile room 弹药舱 magazine 深弹舱 depth charge room 弹药转运舱 ammunition lobby 声纳舱 sonacelle, sonar nacelle 7 机修间 workshop 电工间 electrician‟s store 木工间 carpenter‟s store 锚链舱 chain locker 桅屋 mast house 洗消室 decontamination room

居住舱室 Accommodation, living accommodation 客舱 Cabin 船员舱室 crew‟s cabin 墙壁 wall 天花板 top ceiling 侧壁板 side ceiling 里子板 lining 装饰 decoration 家具 furniture 书桌 desk 衣橱 wardrobe 梳妆台 dressing table 书柜table bureaux 餐具柜 dresser 椅子 chair 沙发 sofa 桌子 table 帷幔 drapery 窗帘 curtain 地毯 carpet

货舱 cargo hold 货油舱 cargo oil tank 集装箱舱 container hold

冷藏货舱 refrigerated cargo hold

液化天燃气舱 liquefied natural gas tank 邮件舱 mail room 行李舱 luggage room 汽车舱 vehicle hold 液舱 liquid tank 燃油舱 fuel oil tank 滑油舱 lubricating oil tank 压载水舱 ballast tank 淡水舱 fresh water tank 污水舱 bilge tank 储藏室 store, store room 帆缆间 hawser store 油漆间 paint room 粮食库 provision store

冷藏库 refrigerating chamber 其他：

首尖舱 fore peak tank 尾尖舱 aft peak tank 顶边舱：topside tank

甲板强横梁 deck transverse 与舱口一直线的垂直边板 vertical side plating in line with hatch 船壳板 shell plating 斜底板 sloping plating 底边舱 hopper side tank 双层底舱 double bottom tank 翼舱 wing tank 边舱 side tank平衡舱 heeling tank 深舱 deep tank 残油舱 sludge/oil residue tank 隔离空舱 cofferdam 空舱 void tank 处所

货物处所： Cargo spaces 货舱 Cargo hold 货油舱 Cargo oil tank 液货舱 Liquid cargo tank 围壁通道 Trunk 起居处所： Accommodation spaces 公共处所 Public space 走廊 Corridor 盥洗室 Lavatory 住所 Cabin 办公室 Office 医务室 Hospital 放映室 Cinema 游戏室 Game room 娱乐室 Hobby room 理发室 Barber shop 配膳室(无烹调设备)Pantry(containing no cooking appliances)公共处所： Public spaces: 大厅 Hall 餐室 Dining room 9 休息室 Lounge 类似的固定围闭处所 Similar permanently enclosed spaces 服务处所： Service spaces： 厨房 Galley 配膳室(设有烹调设备的)Pantry(containing cooking appliances)储物间 Locker 邮件舱 Mail room 贵重物品室 Specie room 储藏室 Store room 工作间 Workshop 围壁通道 Trunk 特种处所： Special category spaces： 舱壁甲板以上或以下围闭的车辆处所

Enclosed vehicle spaces above and below the bulkhead deck 机器处所： Machinery spaces：

A 类机器处所 Machinery space of category A 装有下列机械的处所 Spaces containing: 推进机械；Propulsion machinery, 锅炉； Boilers，燃油装置；Oil fuel units，蒸汽机和内燃机；Steam and internal combustion engines, 发电机和主要电动机；Generators and major electrical machinery, 加油站；Oil filling station, 冷藏机；Refrigerating installation, 防摇装置；Stabilizing installation, 通风机；Ventilation installation，空气调节机械。Air conditioning machinery.围壁通道 Trunk 控制站： Control stations： 下列设备所在/集中的处所： 船舶无线电设备； 主要航行设备； 应急电源。/ 火警指示器或失火控制设备。

Spaces in which the following located/centralized: Ship‟s radio equipment, Main navigating equipment, Emergency source of power./ Fire recording and fire control equipment.4．高级船员和船员

船长 Master(商船船长的正式称谓)Captain(商船船长的尊称)小船驾长 Skipper 大付 Chief officer 二付 Second officer 10 三付 Third officer 驾助 Assistant officer 轮机长 Chief engineer 政委 s Commissar 大管轮 First engineer 二管轮 Second engineer 三管轮 Third engineer 轮机员 Engineer 轮助 Assistant engineer 电机长 Chief electrician 电机员 Electrician 电助 Assitant electrician 水手长 Boatswain 付水手长 Cassab 一等水手 Able seaman 水手(original)seaman 实习生 Apprentice 见习生 Cadet 机工长 Chief motorman 机工 Motorman 加油 Greaser 铜匠 Fitter 大厨 Chief cook 厨师 Cook 事务长 Chief steward 服务员 Steward 报务主任 Chief radio operator/officer 报务员 Radio operator/officer 甲板部 Deck department 轮机部 Machinery department 5． 船级

入级条件 condition of classification 保持船级条件 condition of class maintenance 入级 classification classed with the Society 转级 transfer of class 重新入级 reclassification 恢复入级 reinstatement of class 暂停船级 suspension of class 取消船级 withdrawal or cancel of class 失去船级 losing class 11 船级符号 characters of classification 船体船级符号 characters of classification for hull 轮机船级符号 characters of classification for machinery 附加标志 class notations 船体附加标志 class notations for hull of ships 加强检验附加标志 enhanced survey programme(ESP)notations 特种任务附加标志 special duty notations 航区限制附加标志 service restriction notations 特定航线附加标志 special route service notations 冰区加强附加标志 ice strengthening notations 水下检验附加标志 in-water survey notations 装载仪附加标志 loading computer notations 船体循环检验附加标志 continuous hull survey notations 船舶安全管理附加标志 safety management system of ships notations 轮机附加标志 machinery notations 授予船级符号 assigned 授予附加标志 assigned 在船级符号后加注附加标志 affixed to

（二）船体 船体结构

船体结构 hull structure 船体构件 structural members 船体骨架 structural framing 舷侧骨架 side framing 船底骨架 bottom framing 甲板骨架 deck framing 主要构件 primary members 次要构件 secondary members 横骨架式 transversely framed 纵骨架式 longitudinally framed 分段 block 分段装配 block assembly 胎架 jig 上层建筑、甲板室等

上层建筑： Superstructure 首楼 forecastle 长首楼 long forecastle 12 桥楼 bridge 长桥楼 long bridge 短桥楼 short bridge 尾楼 poop 长尾楼 long poop 甲板室： Deckhouse(roundhouse)最下层甲板室 the lowest deckhouse 第一层(第二层、第三层等)甲板室 first tier(second tier, third tier, etc.)deckhouse 甲板室甲板 deckhouse top 甲板室前端壁 deckhouse front, front end bulkhead 甲板室后端壁 aft end bulkhead 甲板室围壁 deckhouse casing, boundary bulkhead 甲板室侧壁 side plate平台：Platform;Flat（如：机舱平台ER flat）平台板 platform plating 穿孔平台板 perforated platform plating 檐板 curtain plate 天桥： Connecting bridge 船首与船尾

船首、首柱 stem 首柱板 stem plate 船首部 bow 球鼻首 bulb(ous)bow 船尾 stern 尾柱 stern frame(post)船尾部 quarter 没有艉柱板“stern plate” 船首壳板 shell plating at bow 船尾壳板 shell plating at quarter 方形船尾板 transom plate 船尾板 shell plating at stern 舵柱 rudder post 尾轴架 propeller shaft bracket 挂舵臂 rudder horn 尾鰭、呆木 skeg deadwood（小船）艉门 stern door 艉跳板（舌门）stern ramp 船底 船底： Ship‟s bottom

外底板 outer bottom plating 内底板 inner bottom plating 双层底舱舱顶板（内底板）tank top 双层船壳 double skin 单层船壳 single skin 内壳板 Inner shell plating 内侧 inner skin(为bulkhead)外侧 outer skin(为shell plating)单层底 single bottom 双层底 double bottom 龙骨 keel平板龙骨 plate keel 龙骨翼板 garboard strake 舭列板 bilge strake 实肋板 plate floor 中桁材centre girder 箱形中桁材 duct keel 管隧pipe tunnel 旁桁材 side girder 实肋板 plate floor 水密肋板 watertight floor 组合肋板 bracket floor 轻型肋板 lightened floor 船底桁材 bottom girder 船底纵骨 bottom longitudinal

内底纵骨 inner bottom longitudinal 内龙骨 keelson

中内龙骨 centre keelson 旁内龙骨 side keelson 内底边板 margin plate 舭部 bilge 舭肘板 bilge bracket 舭龙骨 bilge keel 污水井 bilge well 污水沟 bilge 船底塞 bottom plug 14 船侧

船壳板: Shell plating 左(右)舷肋位xx-xx 间的/肋位xx 处的X 列船壳板：

Port(std)side shell plating, strake X, between Fr.Nos.xx-xx/ at Fr.No.xx 或, Strake X of port(std)side shell plating between Fr.Nos.xx-xx/ at Fr.No.xx 或, Port(std)side shell strake X between Fr.Nos.xx-xx/ at Fr.No.xx 舷侧顶列板： Sheer strake 舷侧顶列板下第一（第二、第三等等）列船壳板： the 1st(2nd, 3rd, etc.)shell strake under sheerstrake 或，1st(2nd, 3rd, etc.)strake of shell plating under sheerstrake 圆弧舷顶列板 rounded sheer strake 肋骨： Frame 强肋骨 web frame side transverse(舷侧为纵骨架式时)主肋骨 main frame 甲板间肋骨 tween deck frame 中间肋骨 intermediate frame 强肋骨间距 bay 肋骨间距 frame spacing 舷侧纵骨： Side longitudinal 舷侧纵桁： Side stringer 护舷材： Fender, bumper 舷边： Gunwale 舷墙、栏杆和安全绳 舷墙： Bulwark 舷墙板 bulwark plating 舷墙顶板 bulwark capping 舷墙撑柱 bulwark stay(stanchion)舷墙吊攀 bulwark hoisting ring 可放倒舷墙 collapsible bulwark 可拆舷墙 movable bulwark 固定舷墙 fixed bulwark 连续舷墙 continuous bulwark 吊杆稳索 cargo gear shroud 桅侧稳索 mast shroud 眼板 eye plate 栏杆： Guardrail(rails/railing)栏杆撑柱 rail stanchion 栏杆横档 rail course 栏杆横档最上面一档 top course(main rail/rail capping)栏杆的一段 section 15 安全绳 Life line 货舱、舱口和舱口盖 货舱： Cargo hold 甲板间舱（二层舱）tween deck space 甲板间舱口 tweendeck hatch 甲板间舱口盖 tweendeck hatchcover 二层甲板 tween deck 下层舱 lower hold 货舱出入口 access 货舱舱底、舱壁铺板 ceiling 护舷木条 cargo batten, spar ceiling 舱口和舱口盖： Hatchways and covers 舱口 hatchway, hatch 舱口活动横梁 portable beam 舱口围板 hatch(hatchway)coaming 扶强材 stiffener 舱口盖 hatch cover 机械舱口盖 mechanical hatchcover 绞链舱口盖 swinging hatch cover 液压折叠式舱口盖 hydraulic-folding hatchcover 多板滚动式舱口盖 multipanel hatchcover 麦克格雷戈(滚动式)舱口盖 MacGreger hatchcover 滚动式舱口盖 rolling hatchcover 滑动式舱口盖 sliding hatchcover 箱形舱口盖 pontoon hatchcover 舱盖板 hatch cover plate(panel)夹紧装置 clamping device 托架 carrier 承座 socket 楔耳 cleat 压条 batten, retaining bar, compressor bar 楔子 wedge 导轨 guide rail 轨道轮子 track wheel 绞车付卷筒 gypsy 封胶带 seal tape 帆布 tarpaulin 舱口盖轮子架板 hatchcover roller holder 舱口盖板连接绞链销 hinge pintle for connecting hatch covers（连接绞链销的)开口销 split pin（连接绞链销的）止动板 stop plate 舱口盖封胶带 hatchcover seal tape 16 舱口盖把手 hatch dog 货舱前后封舱大螺栓 heavy bolt for enclosing opening at No.X cargo hold fwd and aft 甲板和支柱、立柱 甲板: Deck（在下面的舱室内称为 overhead deck）甲板板 deck plating 甲板开口 deck opening 甲板边板 deck stringer, stringer plate 地令 deck ring 用以支撑甲板的构件： 甲板骨架 deck framing 甲板纵桁 deck girder 甲板纵骨 deck longitudinal 甲板强横梁 deck transverse 甲板横梁 deck beam 悬臂梁（指从舷边延伸到其所支持的舱口甲板纵桁的甲板强横梁）cantilever 主甲板 main deck 上甲板 upper deck 前甲板 fore deck 后甲板 after deck 第二甲板 second deck 下层甲板 lower deck 居住甲板 accommodation deck 上层建筑甲板 superstructure deck 艏楼甲板 forecastle deck 艉楼甲板 poop deck 桥楼甲板 bridge deck 驾驶甲板 navigation deck 舱壁甲板 bulkhead deck 甲板室甲板 deckhouse deck平台甲板 platform deck 罗经甲板 compass deck 干舷甲板 freeboard deck 分舱甲板 subdivision deck 量吨甲板 tonnage deck 强力甲板 strength deck 局部甲板 partial deck 开敞甲板 open deck 露天甲板 exposed(weather)deck 遮蔽甲板 shelter deck 游步甲板 promenade deck 旅客甲板 passenger deck 17 直升飞机甲板 helicopter deck 升高甲板 raised deck 前升高甲板 raised fore deck 后升高甲板 raised quarter deck 主拖甲板 main trailer deck 车辆甲板 vehicle deck 花铁板甲板 checkered deck 甲板覆层： Deck covering 化学敷料（上）composition 绝缘层（下）insulation 木铺板 wood sheathing 支柱： Pillar 管形支柱 tubular pillar 组合支柱 built up pillar 装载木材甲板货的设备： Timber stowage arrangement 立柱 upright 立柱插座 socket 系索眼板 eyeplate 舱壁、轴隧和围阱 舱壁: Bulkhead（非）水密舱壁(non-)watertight bulkhead 横向舱壁 transverse bulkhead 纵向舱壁 longitudinal bulkhead 纵中舱壁 central longitudinal bulkhead 防撞舱壁 collision bulkhead 制荡舱壁 wash bulkhead平面舱壁 plane bulkhead 槽形舱壁 corrugated bulkhead 槽形 corrugation 凸面 convex surface 凹面 concave surface 斜面部分 sloping part平面部分 plane part 顶凳 upper stool 底凳 lower stool 凳底 stool bottom 风雨密舱壁 weathertight bulkhead 压筋舱壁 swedged bulkhead 舱壁扶强材 bulkhead stiffener 舱壁龛 bulkhead recess 舱壁贯穿孔 penetration 18 轴隧： Shaft tunnel 轴隧端室 tunnel recess 围阱： Trunk 货舱围阱 cargo hatch trunk 应急围阱 escape trunk 升降通道、起重阱 hoist trunk 肘板

肘板： Bracket 货舱内肋骨上端肘板（梁肘）beam knee 货舱内肋骨下端肘板 lower bracket 首、尾尖舱内下肘板(在舭部)bilge bracket 除首、尾尖舱外的下肘板 tank side bracket 上肘板 upper bracket 艏柱肘板，又叫首尖蹼板 breast hook 防倾肘板 tripping bracket 通风筒、空气管以及开口等 通风筒： Ventilator 通风筒围板 ventilator coaming 通风筒盖 ventilator cover 通风筒帽 ventilator cap 通风斗 ventilator cowl 通风斗罩 ventilator hood 通风筒开口 ventilator opening 防火挡板 damper 防火网 flame screen 风雨密关闭装置 weathertight closing appliance means for securing weathertightness 菌形通风筒 mushroom ventilator 鹅颈形通风筒 gooseneck ventilator 喇叭式（通）风斗 cowl(head)ventilator 叶片式通风筒 fan ventilator 百叶式通风筒 venetian ventilator 空气管： Air pipe 空气管头 air pipe head 空气管管口 air pipe opening 空气管接头 air pipe connection 开口： Opening 甲板开口 deck opening 19 量吨开口 tonnage opening 货舱开口 hatch opening 机舱开口 machinery space opening 机炉舱棚开口 fiddley opening 人孔： Manhole 人孔盖 manhole cover 人孔盖围槛 ring平舱口： Flush scuttle平舱口盖 flush scuttle cover 减轻孔 Lightening hole 泄水孔 Scupper hole 排水孔 Discharge hole 进水孔 Inlet hole 流水孔 Drain hole 透气孔 Air hole 吸口 Suction hole 排水舷口： Freeing port 盖板 shutter 货舱舷门 Cargo port 舷门 Side door 尾门 Stern door 水密门 watertight door 门开口 door opening 门框 door framing 门扶强材 door stiffener 门固定装置 securing device 门关闭装置 closing device 门吊臂/转动臂 lifting/maneuvering arms 门槛 sill 舷窗： Side scuttle 风暴盖 deadlight 窗： Window 矩形窗 rectangular window 窗槛 sill 天窗： Skylight 天窗盖 flap 升降口： Companionway 梯子和通道 梯： Ladder 舷梯 Accommodation ladder/gangway 舷梯吊索 guy rope 舷梯吊臂架 accommodation ladder davit 20 舷外支架 outrigger 横担 yoke 引水员软梯 Pilot ladder 出入口梯子 Access ladder 货舱直梯 Vertical ladder 舱壁上斜梯 Sloping ladder 货舱斜梯 Australian ladder 货舱斜梯(Australian ladder)的组成： 上垂直部分 vertical upper section 上平台 upper platform 倾斜部分 sloping section 下平台 lower platform 下垂直部分 vertical lower section 框架 framing 梯阶 step, rung 扶手 handrail 通道、步桥 Gangway 走廊、通道 Corridor, passage, passageway, alley, alleyway 甲板下走道 房间走廊 门厅、廊室 通道

underdeck passage accommodation alleyway Lobby Walkway 门道 Doorway 梯道 Stairway 扶梯 Stair 扶梯间 Staircase 烟囱、百叶窗 烟囱： Funnel 环形开口 annular space 关闭装置 百叶窗： closing means 活动的 Shutter 固定的 Louver 其他

封板 closing plate 防浪板 wash plate 防磨板 wearing plate 挡水板 dash plate 防鼠板 rat guard 牵条板 tie plate 斜支撑、拉条 brace(横拉筋horizontal brace;斜拉筋diagonal brace)21 颊板 cheek plate 面板 face plate 腹板 web plate 折边 flange 扶强材、加强筋 stiffener 隔板 diaphragm plate 锌板 zinc slab 花铁板 checkered(chequered)plate 白铁皮 galvanized iron 流线型板、装饰板 fashion plate 镶板 panelling 软木 cork 格栅 lattice, grating 天棚 awning 锻件 forging 铸件 cast, casting 铸铁 cast iron 铸钢 cast steel 合金钢 alley steel 铝合金 aluminum alloy 角钢 angles 槽钢 channels 棒材 bars 圆材 rolled sections 组合型材 built-up sections 扁材 flat bar 塑料 plastic 货盘 cargo tray 货板 pallet 填舱板 dunnage 草席 mat 车辆 vehicle 抓斗 grab 叉车 fork lift, fork lift truck 拖车 trailer 卡车 truck, lorry 舾装 Equipment and Outfits 22 舵 Rudder 舵设备 rudder arrangement 舵杆 rudder stock 舵轴 rudder axle 舵扇 rudder quadrant 舵柄 rudder tiller 舵承(舵托)rudder carrier 舵柱 rudder post 舵销 rudder pintle平衡舵 balanced rudder 半平衡舵 semi-balanced rudder平板舵 flat plate rudder 整流舵 contra guide rudder 悬挂舵 spade rudder 舵角指示器 rudder(angle)indicator 舵叶和舵杆的连接法兰面 coupling flange surfaces of rudder & rudder stock 锚、锚链和锚机 锚: Anchor 锚泊及系泊设备 anchoring and mooring equipment 锚索 anchor rope 锚杆 anchor shank 锚横杆 anchor stock 锚爪 anchor fluke 锚冠 anchor crown 锚块 anchor block 销 pin 锚穴板 anchor recess(anchor pocket plate)锚灯柱 anchor light post 锚钟杆 anchor bell stock 有杆锚 Stocked anchor 无杆锚 Stockless anchor 首锚 Bower anchor 尾锚 Stern anchor 备用锚 Spare anchor 双抓锚 Double-fluked anchor 三抓锚 Triple fluke anchor 大抓力锚 High holding power anchor 山字锚，霍尔锚 Hall‟s anchor 斯贝克锚 Speke anchor 重力锚 Gravity anchor 海军锚 Admiralty anchor 铲形抓锚 Spade anchor 锚链： Chain cables 锚卸口 anchor shackle 端链环 end link 大链环 large link 普通链环 ordinary link 转环 swivel 连接卸口 connecting shackle 链环横档 link stud 左舷X 节锚链

X lengths（或shackle lengths）of port side chain cables 右舷第X 节锚链

No.X length（或shackle lengths）of std side chain cables 锚链舱 chain locker 锚链舱出入口 access 锚链舱的锚链卷筒/锚链轮 wildcat 锚链管（直的，从甲板到锚链舱)chain pipe 锚链筒（斜的，从甲板到外板）hawse pipe 锚链筒甲板凸缘 deck flange 锚链筒外板凸缘 shell flange 锚链孔（防磨）唇口(hawse)bolster 锚链水阀 wash chain valve/cable washing valve 锚链冲水管 hose pipe for washing chains 锚链导槽 guide bed 锚链解脱器 cable reliever 止链器 chain stopper 锚机： Windlass 电动锚机 Electric windlass 电动液压锚机 Electric-hydraulic windlass 带棘轮装置人力锚机Handspike windlass 蒸汽锚机 Steam windlass 左绞盘 port capstan 右绞盘 std capstan 锚机滚筒 gypsy 导缆器、带缆桩和绳索 导缆器： Fairlead 滚轮 roller 导缆孔 mooring pipe 带缆桩： Bollard, bitt 绳： Rope, line 索具 rigging 吊索、升降索 halyard 钢丝绳： steel wire rope 股 strand 丝 wire 尼龙绳 nylon rope 聚丙烯绳 polypropylene rope 系船索 mooring line 拖索 tow line 开锚绳 steel wire rope for fixing anchor 桅

桅： Mast 前桅 fore mast 后桅 after mast 主桅 main mast 桅屋 mast house 桅顶 masthead 桅杆稳索 shroud 支索 stay 甲板机械 Deck Machinery 起货设备 cargo handling gear 固定零部件 permanent attachments 活动零部件 loose gear 起重机： Crane 起重机的起货索 上面一根： ruffing wire 下面一根： hoisting wire 吊臂 crane jib 基座 crane pedestal 25 岸吊 shore crane 浮吊 floating crane 起重机 hoist(如：浮吊上部起重机floating crane upper hoist)门式起重机 gantry crane 履带式起重机 caterpillar crane 高架移动式起重机（行车）overhead travelling crane 将军柱 King post 将军柱梯 king post ladder 吊杆： Derrick 重型吊杆 heavy derrick 吊杆 derrick boom 吊杆台 boom platform 吊杆搁架 derrick rest 吊杆承皿 derrick shoe 起货索 cargo runner 起货索滑车 cargo runner block 起货索滚筒 cargo runner drum 稳索(定位索)preventer guy 有节定位索 preventer guy with pitched clip 定位索套筒 preventer guy socket 定位索夹头 holder for preventer guy 千斤索 topping lift 钢丝绳 steel wire rope 差动滑车（神仙葫芦）differential pulley 攀头 eye band 攀头板 eye plate 琵琶头 eye splice 鹅颈 gooseneck 鹅颈座 gooseneck seat 鹅颈横销 gooseneck horizontal pin 滑车： Block 滑车轮 sheave 滑车壳 shell 滑车夹板 cheek 绳扣 becket 上千斤滑车 upper span block 下千斤滑车 lower span block 双轮滑车 double sheave block 26 单轮滑车 single sheave block 起货滑车 cargo block 导向滑车 guide block 导索滑车 leading block 起货滑车组 cargo tackles 千斤索滑车组 span tackles 吊货钩： Cargo hook 能转的钩子 swivel hook 固定的钩子 fixed hook 绞车： Winch 起货绞车 cargo winch 系泊绞车 mooring winch 千斤索绞车 topping winch 拖缆绞车 towing winch 绞车滚筒 drum 卷车： Reel 钢索卷车 wire reel 系缆卷车 hawser reel 升降机： Elevator, hoist, lift(er)

（三）轮机

轮机装置 Machinery installations 机器处所(/机舱)Machinery space 机舱 Engine room 操舵装置 Steering gear 主操舵机 Main steering gear 付操舵机 Auxiliary steering gear 电动液压操舵机 Electro-hydraulic steering gear 转翼式操舵机 Rotary vane steering gear 手操舵机 Hand-power steering gear 蒸汽操舵机 Steam steering gear 动力油缸 hydraulic power cylinder 27 柱塞 plunger 锅炉和受压容器 Boilers and Pressure Vessels 锅炉： Boiler: 锅炉舱 Boiler room 炉舱棚 Boiler room casing 锅炉座 Boiler bearer 主锅炉 Main boiler 辅助锅炉 Auxiliary boiler 燃油付锅炉 Oil-fired aux.boiler 燃油废气混合式锅炉 Oil-fired and exhaust gas composite boiler 水管锅炉 Water tube boiler 卧式烟管锅炉 Horizontal smoke tube boiler 立式辅助锅炉 Vertical auxiliary boiler 废气锅炉 Exhaust gas boiler 蒸汽锅炉 Steam boiler 混合式锅炉 Combined boiler 立式横烟管锅炉 Vertical-type horizontal smoke tube boiler 立式竖烟管锅炉 Vertical-type vertical smoke tube boiler 热油锅炉

废气热油锅炉 Thermal oil heater Exhaust gas thermal oil boiler Exhaust gas thermal oil heater 筒体 管孔 短管

Cylindrical shell Tube hole Tube stub 燃烧室 Combustion chamber 燃烧室顶板 Crown plate 顶板支梁 Girder 凸形封头 Dished end plate平顶板 Flat crown 烟道 Boiler uptake 烟道调节器、烟气调节挡板 Damper;Bypass damper 炉衣 Insulation, lagging 汽鼓 Steam drum 水鼓 Water drum 联箱 Header 泥箱 Mud box 过热器 Superheater 经济器 Economizer 再热器 Reheater 空气予热器 Air preheater, Air heater 减温器 desuperheater 水管 Water tube 28 烟管 Smoke tube 牵条管 Stay tube 上升管 Riser 下降管 Down comer 看火孔 Peep hole, Periscope hole 吹灰器 Soot blower 壳板 Shell plate 管板 Tube plate 端板 End plate 管板水平架 Horizontal shelves 炉胆 Furnace 炉门 Fire door 炉胆底环 Ogee rings 锅炉底脚及支撑 Foundations and stays 锅炉附件： Boiler mountings and fittings 给水阀 Feed check valve 给水接管 Feed standpipe 给水内管 Feed internal pipe 水位指示器 Water level indicator 水位表 Water gauge 安全阀 Safety valve 截止阀 Stop valve 上、下排污阀 Blow-off and scum valves 压力表 Pressure gauge 锅炉取样阀或旋塞 Sampling valve or cock 空气阀 Air valve/cock 过热器附件 Superheater mountings 泄水阀 Drain valve 温度计 thermometer 锅炉燃烧装置： Oil burning unit 压力泵 Pressure pump 吸入滤器 Suction filter 排出滤器 Discharge filter 加热器 Heater 双联滤器 Duplex filter 初始升汽设施 Starting-up oil fuel unit 锅炉燃烧器 Boiler burner 蒸汽吹洗设施 Steam purging connection 蒸汽雾化设施 集汽包

Steam atomizing connection Steam receiver 供油总管 Boiler manifold 速闭总阀 Quick-closing master valve 声光报警 Audible and visual warnings 回油系统 Spill system 29 隔断装置 Isolating device 联锁装置 Interlocking arrangement 其他锅炉附件： Other mountings 主停汽阀 Main steam stop valve 主蒸汽管 Main steam pipe 给水管路 Feed water piping 自动控制系统 Auto-control system 安全系统 Safety system 报警系统 Alarm system 燃烧系统 Oil burning system 锅炉给水泵 Boiler feed pump 锅炉循环泵 Boiler circulating pump 主凝水泵 Main condensate pump 付凝水泵 Aux.condensate pump 热交换器 Heat exchanger 主冷凝器 Main condenser 付冷凝器 Aux.condenser 大气冷凝器 Atmospheric condenser 蒸发量 受热面积 换热面积 Evaporation rate Heating surface Cooling surface 点火 ignition 炉膛风压失 Furnace draught loss 炉膛熄 Furnace flame extinguishing 受压容器: Pressure Vessel: 筒体 封头 进出口

Cylindrical shell End plate Inlet and outlet 隔离阀 Stop valve 泄放设备 Drain device 安全设施 Safety device 空气瓶 Air receiver 易熔塞 Fusible plug 介质压力 介质工作位置 Medium pressure Working level of medium 汽轮机 高压气缸 低压气缸 汽轮机管路 Steam Turbine high-pressure cylinder low-pressure cylinder steam turbine piping 30 倒车机构 安全装置 转子： 叶轮 扭力轴 套环 动叶片

齿形联轴器 静子： 汽缸 隔板 喷嘴 喷嘴箱 导向叶片 汽缸螺栓 汽缸底座 轴承座

无损试验 液压试验 燃气轮机 涡轮机 压气机 转子 燃烧室 热交换器 燃油系统 滑油系统

平衡试验 液压试验 超速试验 工厂试验 reversing gear safety arrangements Rotor disc quill shaft shrink ring moving blade toothed coupling Stator casing diaphragm nozzle nozzle box guide vane turbine casing bolts bed frame bearing seat non-destructive test hydraulic test Gas turbine turbine compressor rotor combustion chamber heat exchanger fuel oil system lubricating oil system balance test hydraulic test overspeed test shop trial 柴油机 机舱 机舱棚

Diesel Engine Engine room Engine room casing 主机 Main engine 付机 Auxiliary engine 机座 机架 贯穿螺栓 Bedplate Engine frame Tie rod Turning gear 31 转车机 自由端 飞轮端 机件 运动部件 部件、零件 附件 紧固件 Free end Fly wheel end Machinery components Moving parts Parts Fittings, mountings Fixture 气缸： Cylinder A 列缸组第X 组：A bank No.3 cylinder unit 气缸体 Cylinder block 气缸盖 Cylinder cover 缸套冷却腔 Cylinder jacket 缸套（衬）Cylinder liner 气缸壁 Cylinder wall 活塞： Piston 活塞顶 Piston crown 活塞头 Piston head 活塞杆 Piston rod 活塞杆填料函 Piston rod stuffing box 活塞环 Piston ring 活塞环槽 Piston ring groove 活塞销 Piston pin, gudgeon pin 活塞销轴承 Piston pin bush 活塞裙边 Piston skirt 耐磨环 Wear ring 活塞阀 Piston valve 活塞泵

二冲程;四冲程 上死点;下死点

Piston pump Two-stroke;four-stroke Top dead centre;bottom dead centre 曲轴： Crankshaft 曲轴轴承

曲轴联轴器法兰 Crankshaft bearing Crankshaft coupling flange 曲柄箱

曲柄箱防爆门 Crankcase Crankcase explosion relief valve 曲柄、曲拐 Crank 曲柄销 曲柄臂 曲轴箱门 观察孔 Crankpin Crankweb Crankcase door Sight hole 曲轴箱安全阀 曲轴箱泄油管

Relief valve of crankcase Oil drain pipe of crankcase 32 油雾探测器 Oil mist detector 曲柄弯程 Crank throw 连杆 Connecting rod 连杆大端轴承 Bearing at bottom end of connecting rod;Bottom end bearing 连杆小端轴承 Bearing at top end of connecting rod;十字头 十字头销 十字头轴承 主轴承 主轴颈

Top end bearing Crosshead Crosshead pin Crosshead bearing Main bearing Main journal 凸轮轴 Camshaft 驱动凸轮轴的钢质大齿轮 示功阀

Steel gear wheel for camshaft drive Indicator valve 气缸安全阀 Safety valve 进气阀 Inlet valve 排气阀 Exhaust valve 摇臂 Rocker arm 导板 Guide 滑板 Slide guide 滑块 Sliding block 顶杆 Push rod 燃油供给系统: Fuel(oil)supply system: 燃油增压泵 Fuel oil boost pump 主供给泵 Main supply pump 备用泵 Standby pump 燃油过滤器 Fuel oil filter 重油沉淀柜 Heavy fuel oil settling tank 重油日用柜 Heavy fuel oil service tank 柴油柜 Diesel oil tank 分离机 Centrifuge 加热器 Heater 粘度调节器 Viscosity regulator 压力调节阀 Pressure regulating valve 三通阀 Three-way valve平衡阀 Balance valve 输送泵 Transfer pump 燃油喷射系统: Fuel(oil)injection system: 高压油泵（油头阀）

Fuel oil injection pump, injection fuel valve, High pressure oil pump 喷射泵 Injection pump 燃油喷射器（油头）Fuel injector 33 喷嘴 Nozzle 止回阀 Non-return valve 针阀 Needle valve 正时调节阀 Timing valve 溢流阀 Spill valve 节流阀 Throttle valve 柱塞 Plunger 小(副)齿轮装置 Pinion arrangement 中间轴 Intermediate spindle 弹簧 Spring 压紧螺母 Compression nut 凸轮 Cam 凸轮轴 齿条： 齿条复板 齿条挡板 Camshaft Rack Rack chord Shield of rack 增压器： 涡轮增压器 废气涡轮增压器 增压器蜗壳 Supercharger Turbocharger Exhaust gas turbocharger spiral casing of the supercharger 透平叶轮 Turbine impeller(透平增压器)废气出口接头 Exhaust connection 涡轮端 Turbine end 空压机端 Air compressor end 应急鼓风机 Emergency blower 蒸汽轮机 Steam turbine 鼓风机：

涡轮鼓风机 Turbo-blower 扫气： Scavenging 横流扫气 cross-flow scavenging 回流扫气 loop scavenging 直流扫气 uniflow scavenging 扫气口 Scavenge port 扫气道 Scavenge trunk 扫气防爆装置 Scavenge relief device 进气口 Inlet port 排气口 Exhaust port 润滑系统: Lubricating(oil)system: 储油槽 Oil sump 泄油柜 Drain tank 滤器 Filter, strainer 冷却器 Cooler 34 液位指示器 Level gauge 贮存柜 Storage tank 冷却系统: Cooling system: 主机淡水冷却泵 M.E.fresh water cooling pump 备用淡水冷却泵 Reverse fresh water cooling pump 主机海水冷却泵 M.E.sea water cooling pump 备用海水冷却泵 Reverse sea water cooling pump 缸套冷却水泵 Jacket cooling pump 活塞冷却水(油)系统 Piston cooling system(oil/water)油头冷却泵 Fuel valve cooling pump 付机淡水冷却泵 Aux.E.fresh water cooling pump 付机海水冷却泵 Aux.E.sea water cooling pump 热交换器: Heat exchanger: 主机淡水冷却器 M.E.fresh water cooler 活塞水冷却器 Piston water cooler 主机油头冷却器 M.E.fuel valve cooler 缸套水冷却器 jacket water cooler 付机淡水冷却器 Aux.E.fresh water cooler 海水循环冷却器 Sea water circulated cooler 压缩空气系统: Compressed air system: 空气压缩机 Air compressor 空气瓶 Air receiver 易熔塞 Fusible plug 高压空气管 High-pressure air pipe 空气起动阀 Air starting valve 隔离止回阀 Isolating non-return valve 释放阀 Relief valve 空气分配器 Air distributor 阻火器 Flame trap 爆炸（保险）膜片 Bursting disc(k)操纵装置 Control device 安全装置 Safety device 调速器： Governor 机械调速器 Mechanical governor 电动调速器 Electric governor 速度传感装置 Speed sensing arrangement 液压机构 Hydraulic unit 惯性配重装置 Flyweight assembly 齿轮 Gear wheel 速度选择器 Speed selector 油雾探测器 Oil mist detector 35 联轴节： Coupling: 弹性 Elastic coupling 挠性 Flexible coupling 机械 Mechanical coupling 电动 Electrical coupling 液力 Hydraulic coupling 液压 Fluid coupling 气动 Pneumatic coupling 电磁 Electromagnetic coupling 离合器： Clutch 操纵手柄 手柄定位插销 支架 驱动机构 Control handle Set pin Support Driving unit 传动机构 Driven unit 驱动叶轮 Driving impeller 传动叶轮 Driven runner 传动装置 Gearing arrangement 大齿轮 Gearwheel 小齿轮 Pinion 齿轮箱 Gearbox 倒车齿轮 Reversing gear 倒车齿轮箱 Reversing gearbox 转动叶片 Rotating vane 轴、轴承及螺旋浆 Shaft, Bearing and Propeller 轴系 轴

Shafting Shaft（指机械传动轴）推力轴 Thrust shaft 推力环 Thrust collar 推力块 Thrust block 中间轴 Intermediate shaft 螺旋浆轴 Propeller/screw shaft 尾轴 Tail shaft 尾管轴 Tube shaft 实心轴 Solid shaft 空心轴 Hollow shaft 曲轴 Crank shaft 曲轴臂 Crank web 甩档，曲轴臂挠曲 Crankshaft deflection 凸轮轴 Camshaft 蜗杆轴 Worm shaft 36 链轮轴 Sprocket shaft 链轮箱 Sprocket casing 轴套 Shaft liner 轴衬 Shaft(axis)bush 固定法兰 Fixed flange 联轴节 Shaft coupling 弹性联轴节 Flexible coupling 液压联轴节(液压法兰)Fluid coupling 液力偶合器 Hydraulic coupling 磨擦离合器 Friction clutch 电磁离合器 Electric coupling 法兰螺栓 Flange bolt 键槽： Keyway: 汤匙形 round-ended 雪撬形 sled runner 普通键槽 keyed 无键 keyless 尾轴管Stern tube: 铸钢与钢板焊接式 cast steel and steel plate welded 锻钢与钢板焊接式 forged steel and steel plate welded 尾轴承stern bearing: 铁梨木 lignum vitae 合成橡胶 synthetic rubber 塑料 plastic 白合金（巴氏合金）white-metal 油封装置 Oil gland 轴（相当于定位肖）

下沉量 Axis;spindle Wear-down 对中 Alignment 顶举系数 Jack factor 偏移 Sag 曲折 Gap 扭转振动 Torsional vibration 单节；双节 Single node;Two node 共振 Resonance 转速禁区范围 Restricted speed range 扭转振动许用应力 Allowable vibration stress 瞬时许用应力 Allowable transient vibration stress 轴承 Bearing 主轴承 Main bearing 中间轴轴承 Intermediate bearing 推力轴承 Thrust bearing 曲轴轴承 Crank(shaft)bearing 37 滚柱轴承 Roller bearing 滚珠轴承 Ball bearing 铁梨木轴承 Lignum vitae bearing 尾轴管轴承 Stern tube bearing 轴瓦 bush 轴承支架 bearing support 轴承承窝 bearing socket 轴承垫片 bearing shim 轴承壳 bearing shell 轴承座 bearing seat(pedestal)轴承盖 bearing cap(cover)轴承块 bearing block 轴承环 bearing collar(ring)保持圈 Retaining ring 螺旋浆 Propeller 整体式螺旋浆 Solid propeller 组合式螺旋浆 Built-up propeller 可调节螺距螺旋浆 Controllable pitch propeller 全方位式螺旋浆 Directional propeller 材料material: 锰铁黄铜Manganese iron brass 高铝高强度黄铜High aluminium high strength brass 高锰铝青铜High manganese aluminium bronze 铸铁Cast iron 铸钢Cast steel 塑料Plastic 螺旋浆轴 propeller shaft screwshaft(螺旋浆轴)圆锥体 cone 浆殻 propeller boss(hub)螺旋浆叶片 propeller blade 叶尖 blade tip 导边 leading edge 随边 following edge trailing edge 螺距 Pitch 旋向 Direction of rotating 推进器与推进器轴的配合 Fitting of propeller to screwshaft 螺旋浆液压装配 Hydraulic fitting of propeller 压入行程 Pull-up distance 压入压力 Pressing pressure: 径向压力radial pressure;轴向压力axial pressure 38 泵 Pump 泵间 泵底座 货油泵 Pump room Pump foundation Cargo pump 压载泵 ballast pump 舱底泵 bilge pump 固定式潜水舱底泵 permanently-installed submersible bilge pump 增压泵 booster pump 离心泵 centrifugal pump 循环泵 circulating pump 冷却泵 cooling pump 缸套冷却水泵 cylinder jacket cooling pump 给水泵 feed(water)pump 灌注泵 filling pump 消防泵 fire(service)pump 淡水泵 fresh water pump 燃油泵 fuel(oil)pump 燃油喷射泵 fuel injection pump 油头冷却泵 fuel valve cooling pump 日用油泵 fuel oil daily service pump 燃油驳运泵 fuel oil transfer pump 通用泵 general purpose [general service] pump 液压泵 hydraulic pump 泥浆泵 mud pump 压力泵 pressure pump 往复泵 reciprocating pump 盐水泵 salt water pump, brine pump 海水泵 sea water pump 扫气泵 scavenging pump 污油泵 sludge pump 污物泵 sewage pump 喷淋系统泵 spray(sprinkler)pump 蒸汽泵 steam pump 清舱泵、扫舱泵 stripping pump 真空泵 vacuum pump 油舱清洗泵 tank cleaning pump 甲板清洗泵 wash deck pump 制冷剂泵

refrigerant pump 阀 Valve 39 空气启动阀 Air starting valve 给水阀 Feed(check)valve 进、排气阀 Inlet and exhaust valves;air inlet and exhaust gas valves 排气阀顶杆 exhaust valve push rod 排气阀摇臂 exhaust valve rocking arm 应急舱底水吸口阀 Emergency bilge suction valve 排出阀 Discharge valve 舷外排出阀 Overboard discharge valve 海底阀 Sea inlet valve 舷旁阀 Ship-side valve 舷旁截止阀 Ship-side screw-down valve 锅炉排污阀 Blow-off valve 止回阀 Non-return valve, check valve 截止阀 Stop valve, screw down valve 释放阀 Relief valve 主停汽阀 Main stop valve 遥控速闭阀 Remote quick closing valve 溢流阀 Spill valve 针阀 Needle valve 泄水阀 Draining valve 扫气阀 Scavenging gas valve 油头阀 Fuel oil injection valve(主机)换向阀 Reversing gear valve 排气旋转阀 Exhaust rotary valve 安全阀 Safety valve 卫生水排出阀 阀箱

Sanitary discharge valve Chest 阀杆 Valve spindle(阀杆的)导向支架 Guide stanchion 阀盘 Valve disc(disk)阀盖 阀瓣 旋塞 Cover Valve flap Cock 柜 Tank 日用柜 Service tank 沉淀柜 Settling tank 贮存柜 Storage tank 重力柜 Gravity tank 给水柜 Feed(water)tank 补给水柜 Make-up tank 气缸套冷却水柜 Jacket water tank 40 淡水冷却水的膨胀水柜 Fresh cooling water expansion tank 泄水收集柜 Drain connecting tank 滑油净油柜 Purified(lubricating)oil tank 日用油净油柜 Purified oil service tank 卫生水柜 Sanitary tank 污水柜 Sewage(retention)tank 污油水柜 Slop tank 污油柜 Sludge tank;dirty oil tank 压力柜

油池、油底壳 漏油孔 Header tank Oil sump Flow hole 管系 Piping 管系 管系 管路 总管 支管

（汽锅）锅管 盘管 水龙软管

导管、输送管 Piping system Piping Pipeline Main Branch pipe Tube Coil Hose Duct 动力管系 Machinery piping system 燃油管系 Oil fuel system, fuel oil piping 蒸汽管系 Steam piping system, steam piping 锅炉给水、排污与凝水管系 Feed, blow-off and condensate system 冷却水管系 Cooling water system 滑油管系 Lubricating oil system 液压传动管系 Hydraulic transmission piping system 热油管系

Thermal oil system 甲板冲洗管 Wash deck pipe 排水管 Discharge pipe 空气管 Air pipe 压载水管 Ballast pipe 舱底水管 Bilge pipe 旁通管 By-pass pipe 冷却水管 Cooling pipe 泄水管 Drain pipe 排气管 Exhaust pipe 进气管，进口管 Inlet pipe 逸气管 Escape pipe 注入管 Filling pipe 41 喷射管 Injection /ejection pipe 分配管 Distributing pipe 给水管 Feed(water)pipe 测量管 Sounding pipe 出口管 Outlet pipe 溢流管 Overflow pipe 蒸汽管 Steam pipe 加热管 Heating pipe 三通管

通风管、通风管道 火管 烟管

蒸气加热管 消防水带 管接头 管件接头 膨胀接头 管子护板 管子支架

Three-way pipe Ventilating pipe, ventilating duct Fire tube Smoke tube Steam heating coils Fire hose Pipe connection Pipe coupling Expansion joint Pipe guard Pipe support 通风 Ventilation 人工通风 机械通风 强制通风 自然通风 动力通风 压力通风 进气通风 排气通风 通风管 通风筒 Artificial ventilation Mechanical ventilation Forced ventilation Natural ventilation Power ventilation Pressure ventilation Supply ventilation Exhaust ventilation Ventilating duct, ventilating pipe Ventilator（详见船体）舱底附件 Bilge fittings 吸管 Suction 舱底水支吸管 branch bilge suction;舱底水直通吸管 direct bilge suction;应急吸管 emergency suction 泥箱(滤网箱)Mud box(Strum box)污水井 Bilge well 污水沟 Bilge 42 机器处所舱底污水和燃油舱排放油类的控制设备

Equipment for control of oil discharge from machinery space bilges and oil fuel tanks 滤油设备 Oil filtering equipment 有报警和自动停止装置的15ppm 滤油设备

Oil filtering(15ppm)equipment with alarm and automatic stopping device 油水分离/滤油设备 Separating/filtering equipment 处理装置 Process unit 油份计 Oil content meter 储存柜 Holding tank 残油（油渣）的留存和处理措施

Means for retention and disposed of oil residues(sludge)and bilge water holding tanks 残油舱 Oil residue(sludge)tank 焚烧炉 Incinerator 标准排放接头 Standard discharge connection 残留物接收设备 Reception facilities for residues 油水分离设备 Oily-water separating equipment 减速齿轮箱

Reduction gear box 差动式减速齿轮箱 Differential gear box 单级减速齿轮箱 Single-reduction gear box 二级减速齿轮箱 Double-reduction gear box 多级减速齿轮箱 Multi-reduction gear box 串联式减速齿轮箱 Tandem gear box平行轴传动减速齿轮箱 Parallel-axis gear box 同心式减速齿轮箱 Centric reduction gear box 偏位式减速齿轮箱 Eccentric reduction gear box 并车减速齿轮箱 Reduction gear box of combined output of the engines 内齿轮 Annular gear 外齿轮 External gear 小齿轮 Pinion 大齿轮 Gear wheel 主动齿轮 Drive gear, driving gear 被动齿轮 Driven gear 中间齿轮 Cog(防齿轮倒转的)爪、掣子 Pawl 43 压缩机

空气压缩机 空调压缩机 往复式压缩机 螺旋式压缩机 轴流式压气机 离心式压气机 辐流式压气机 超音速压气机 高压压气机 低压压气机 Compressor Air compressor Air-conditioning compressor Reciprocating compressor Screw-type compressor Axial-flow compressor;axial compressor Centrifugal compressor Radial-flow compressor;radial compressor Supersonic compressor High-pressure compressor Low-pressure compressor 分离器 Separator 空气分离器 Air separator 油-气分离器 Air-oil separator 气-水分离器 Air-water separator 舱底水分离器 Bilge water separator 燃油分离器 Fuel separator 滑油分离器 Lubricant separator 油分离器、分油器 Oil separator 油水分离器 Oily water separator 蒸汽分离器 Steam separator;vapour separator 净化器 Purifier 空气净化器 Air purifier 燃油净化器 Fuel oil purifier 气体净化器 Gas purifier 滑油净化器 Lubricating oil purifier 净油器 Oil purifier 蒸汽净化器 Steam purifier 净水器 Water separator 净油机室 Purifier room(净油机室)油水挡板 托盘 Drip tray Tray 44 操纵装置 Control device 应急切断装置 Emergency cutting device 遥控操纵和关断装置 remote operating and shutdown device 启动及换向装置 Starting and reversing gear 连锁装置 Interlocking device 传动装置 Driving(driven)mechanism 速闭装置 Quick-closing device 安全装置 Safety device 保护装置 Protecting device 紧固装置 Securing arrangements 测温装置 Temperature measuring device 风机 Fan 制淡机 Desalinator 励磁机 Exciter 泥泵机 Dredging engine 皮带机 Belt conveyer 装船机 Shiploader 冷凝器

壳管式冷凝器 双管式冷凝器 Condenser Shell-and-tube type condenser Double-pipe type condenser 蒸发器

壳管式蒸发器 双管式蒸发器 壳内盘管式蒸发器 Evaporator Shell-and-tube type evaporator Double-pipe type evaporator Coil-in-casing type evaporator 蒸馏器 传感器 Distiller Sensor 除霜器 Defroster 燃烧器 Burner 冷却器 Cooler 洗涤器，洗涤塔 Scrubber 减热器 Desuperheater 过滤器 Filter 加油器 Feeder 热水器 Calorifier 温度控制器 Temperature controller 接触器 Contactor 加热器 Heater 干燥器 雾化器 Drier Atomizer 蜂鸣器 贮液器 Buzzer Receiver 45 油分计 Oil content meter 盐量计 Salinometer 温度计 Temperature gauge, thermometer 速度计 Velocity meter 热流量计 Thermal flow meter 重力计 液位计

Gravity meter Level indicator 压力表 Pressure gauge(meter)流量表

Flow meter(gauge)蜗轮： 蜗壳 蜗杆 蜗杆轴 蜗杆罩 涡轮： 涡轮罩 叶轮：

轴流式叶轮 离心式叶轮 径流式叶轮 滚轮/滑轮： 偏心滑轮 张力滚轮 棘轮： 制动棘轮 端棘轮 棘轮 惰轮：

Worm gear(wheel)Volute casing Worm(screw)Worm shaft Worm case(casing)Turbine Turbine cover Impeller Axial-flow impeller Centrifugal impeller Radial flow impeller Pulley Eccentric pulley Tension pulley Ratchet Brake ratchet End ratchet Wheel ratchet Idle gear, idling gear 填料 橡皮填料 填料箱

填料函、盖 密封压盖 密封环 密封装置 油封装置 油封 轴封 Packing Rubber packing Stuff box Packing gland Sealing gland Seal ring Sealing arrangement Oil gland Oil seal Gland seal 46 螺栓： Bolt 基座螺栓 Foundation bolt 底脚(压紧)螺栓 Holding down bolt 螺柱 Stud 螺母 Nut 螺丝 Screw 螺纹 Thread 弯头 Elbow, bend 肖子 制动块 Pintle chock 绞链 缩节 Hinge Taper joint 耳轴 漏斗 垫圈 承滴盘 喷水壶 鼠笼铁芯 导流帽/罩 Trunnion Hopper Washer Saveall Spray can Squirrel cage core Dunce cap平衡块 导向环 刹车带 磨擦片 驱动轮 传动链 操纵螺杆 Balance weight Guide ring Brake band(lining)Friction block, friction disk Driving wheel gear Driven chain Control screw rod 试验机 板手 钢丝钳 旋诺 2 磅榔头

（大）testing machine（小）testing device Spanner Vice Screwdriver 2-pound hammer 特性 Characteristic 特征、特点 Feature 功能 Function 程序、方法 Procedure 过程、工序 Process 工艺 Workmanship 动态平衡 Dynamical balance 静态平衡 Static balance 扭矩 Torque 47 拉力 Tensile 应力 Stress 屈服点 比重 粘度 灰份 水份 流量 内径 外径

Yield point Specific gravity Viscosity Ash content Water content Flow Internal diameter External diameter 孔（内）径 半径 Bore Radius

（四）电气

电气设备 Electrical Equipment 电力推进装置及配套设备和辅助电气设备

电力推进装置

Electrical propelling machinery 为推进装置服务的配套设备和对船舶安全必不可少的辅助电气设备

associated equipment together with auxiliary services essential for the safety of the ship 动力系统 Power system 电动机 Motor 变压机 Transformer 蓄电池 Battery 电力设备 Electrical power equipment 电子设备 Electronic equipment 馈电线 Feeder 区配电板 Section board 分配电板 Distribution board 电缆 Cable 断路器 Breaker 熔断器 Fuse 电力设备 Electrical power equipment 主发电机 Main generator 应急发电机 Emergency generator 主配电板 Main switchboard 应急配电板 Emergency switchboard 48 应急蓄电池充放电板 Emergency accumulator battery charging and discharging board 应急蓄电池组 Emergency accumulator battery 重要用途电气设备 Electrical equipment for essential services 照明系统 Lighting system 主照明系统 Main lighting system 应急照明系统 Emergency lighting system 临时应急照明系统 Temporary emergency lighting system 船内通讯系统 Internal communication system 广播系统 Command broadcasting system 传令钟系统 Telegraph system 电话系统 Commanding telephone system 轮机员呼叫系统 Engineer‟s alarm system 船内报警系统 Internal alarm system 探火和失火报警系统 Fire detection and fire alarm systems 灭火剂施放预告报警 Pre-warnings for the release of extinguishing media 通用应急报警系统 General emergency alarm system 水密门关闭报警 Watertight doors closing alarm 重要用途电气设备 Electrical equipment for essential services 空压机 Air compressor 空气泵 Air pump 循环和冷却水泵 Circulating and cooling water pump 油头冷却泵 Fuel valve cooling pump 滑油泵 Lubricating oil pump 冷凝器循环泵 Condenser circulating pump 抽吸泵 Extraction pump 增压风机 Scavenge blower 分油机 Oil separator 燃油泵 Oil fuel pump 燃油燃烧装置 oil fuel burning unit 给水泵 Feed water pump 舵机 Steering gear 锚机 Windlass 消防泵 Fire pump 舱底泵 Bilge pump 压载泵 Ballast pump 冷藏机械 Refrigerating machinery 机炉舱通风机 Ventilating fans for engine and boiler rooms 锅炉强迫通风机 Fans for forced draught to boilers 49 自动喷水系统 Automatic water sprinkler system 压力水雾灭火系统 Water-spraying fire-extinguishing system 探火和失火报警系统 Fire detection and fire alarm system 法定航行设备 Navigational aids(required by statutory regulations)法定通讯设备 Communication equipment(required by statutory regulations)航行灯 Navigation light 特殊用途灯 Special purpose lights 无线电设备 Radio Equipment 无线电台

无线电台（救生艇手提式）Radio station Radio apparatus 无线电通信设备 Equipment for radiocommunication 无线电装置 Radio installation 甚高频无线电装置 VHF radio installation(very high frequency radio installation)中频无线电装置 MF radio installation(medium frequency radio installation)中/高频无线电装置 MF/HF radio installation(medium/high frequency radio installation)国际海事卫星组织船舶地面站 INMARSAT SES(International Maritime Satellite Organization ship earth station)遇险报警辅助设施 Secondary means of distress alerting 接收海上安全信息的设备 Facilities for reception of maritime safety information 应急无线电示位标 EPIRB(emergency position-indicating radio beacon)极轨道卫星 COSPAS-SARSAT 国际海事卫星 INMARSAT 甚高频数字选择呼叫 VHF DSC 卫星应急无线电示位标 Satellite EPIRB 甚高频应急无线电示位标 VHF EPIRB 救生用无线电通信设备 Life-saving radio communication apparatus 双向甚高频无线电话设备 Two-way VHF radiotelephone apparatus 甚高频无线电话 VHF radiotelephone 声力电话 Sound powered telephone 对讲电话 Walkie talkie 数字选择性呼叫编码器 DSC encoder(digital selective calling encoder)数字选择性呼叫值班接收机 DSC watch receiver(digital selective calling watch receiver)窄带印字电报 NBDP radiotelegraphy(narrow band direct printing radiotelegraphy)高频窄带印字电报 HF NBDP radiotelegraphy 直接印字电报 Direct-printing radiotelegraphy 航行警告电传接收机 NAVTEX receiver 50 加强群呼接收机 EGC receiver 高频直接印字无线电报接收机 HF direct-printing radiotelegraphy receiver 船用雷达应答器 Ship‟s radar transponder

无线电导航设备 Radio navigational equipment 雷达 Radar 环视雷达 All-round looking radar(海上)避碰雷达 Anticollision radar 自动跟踪雷达 Automatic-tracking radar 信标雷达 Beacon radar 探测雷达 Detection radar 搜索雷达 Search radar 警戒雷达 Warning radar 罗经 Compass 主罗经 Master compass 磁罗经 Magnetic compass 电罗经 Gyro compass 操舵罗经、驾驶罗经 Steering compass 灵敏度 振谐

Sensitivity Resonance 天线 Antenna 仿真天线 Artificial antenna 定向天线 Directional antenna 环状天线 Loop antenna 鞭状天线 Whip antenna 室外天线 Outdoor antenna 雷达天线 Radar antenna 无线电天线 Radio antenna 接收天线 Receiving antenna 发射天线 Transmitting antenna 发电机 Generator 原动机 Prime mover 发电机组 Generating set 主发电机 Main generator 辅助发电机 Auxiliary generator 应急发电机 Emergency generator 备用发电机 Reserve(stand-by)generator 直流发电机 D.C.(Direct current)generator 交流发电机 A.C.(Alternating current)generator 51 无刷发电机 Brushless generator 轴带发电机 Shaft-driven generator 柴油(机驱动)发电机 Diesel(-driven)generator 燃气轮机（驱动）发电机 Gas turbine(driven)generator 防滴式发电机 电动发电机

Drip-proof generator Electric motor generator 三相发电机 Three-phase generator 多相发电机 Polyphase generator 单极发电机 Unipolar generator 串励发电机 Series generator 并励发电机 Shunt generator 复励发电机 Compound wound generator 自励发电机 Exciterless generator 恒流发电机 Constant current generator 恒速发电机 Constant speed generator 恒功率发电机 Constant power generator 恒压发电机 Constant voltage generator 自励恒压式交流发电机 Self-regulated type A.C.generator 并联运行直流发电机 D.C.generator running in parallel 发生器 Generator 泡沫发生器 Froth(foam)generator 惰性气体发生器 Inert gas generator 脉冲发生器 Pulse generator 信号发生器 Signal generator 涡流发生器 Vortex generator 造波机 Wave generator 电动机 Motor, Electric motor 交流电动机 A.C.(alternating-current)motor

第三篇：中英文对照船体结构

中英文对照船体结构

主船体 main hull 上层建筑 superstructure 上甲板/上层连续甲板 upper deck 船底 bottom 舷侧 broadside 艏艉 fore and aft 舱壁 bulkhead 水密 watertight 艏部 bow 艉部 stern/quarter 二层甲板 second deck平台甲板 platform deck 桅屋 masthouse 罗经甲板 compass deck 驾驶甲板 bridge deck 船长甲板 master deck 高级船员甲板 office deck 艇甲板 boat deck 船员甲板 crew deck 机舱 engine room 货舱 cargo hold 货舱口 cargo hatch 压载舱 ballast tank 深舱 deep tank 燃油舱 fuel oil tank 滑油舱 lubricating oil tank 淡水舱 fresh water tank 污油水舱 slop tank 隔离空舱/干隔舱 caisson 球鼻艏标志 bulbous bow mark/BB mark 首侧推器标志 bow thruster mark/BT mark 吃水标志 draft mark 甲板线 deck line 干舷甲板 freeboard deck 载重线标志 load line mark 热带淡水载重线 tropical fresh water load line/TF 夏季淡水载重线 fresh water load line/F 热带载重线 tropical load line/T 夏季载重线 summer load line/S 冬季载重线 winter load line 北大西洋冬季载重线 winter North Atlantic load line/WNA 国际船舶载重线证书 international load line certificate 吃水指示系统 draft indicating system 船舶尺度 ship dimension 最大尺度/全部尺度/周界尺度 overall dimension 最大长度/全长/总长 length overall/LOA 最大宽度/全宽 extreme breadth 最大高度 maximum height 净空高度 air draught 船型尺度/型尺度/主持度 moulded dimension 垂线间长 L/length between perpendiculars 型宽 B/moulded breadth 型深 D/moulded depth 型吃水 d/moulded draft 登记尺度 register dimension 登记长度 register length 登记宽度 register breadth 登记深度 register depth 船舶主尺度比 dimension ratio 船长型宽比 L/B , length breadth ratio 船长型深比 L/D , length depth ratio 船长型吃水比 L/d , length draft ratio 型宽型吃水比 B/d , breadth draft ratio 型深型吃水比 D/d , depth draft ratio 重量吨 weight tonnage 排水量 displacement 满载排水量 dead displacement 空船排水量 light displacement 装载排水量 load displacement 总载重量 deadweight/DW 净载重量 net deadweight/NDW 容积吨/登记吨capacity tonnage 总吨位/总吨 gross tonnage/GT 净吨位 net tonnage/NT 运河吨位 canal tonnage/CT 抗沉性 floatability 全客船 passenger vessel 客货船 passenger-cargo vessel 货客船 cargo-passenger vessel 客滚船 ro-ro passenger ship 集装箱船 container ship 箱格导轨系统 cellguide system 散装货船 bulk carrier 散装货物 bulk cargo 舱口围板 hatch coaming 横剖面 cross-section 边舱 side tank 压载舱 ballast tank 矿砂船 ore carrier 压载边舱 side ballast tank 内底板 inner bottom plating 兼用船 combination carrier 矿砂/石油两用船，O/O船 ore/oil carrier 矿砂/散货/石油三用船，OBO船 ore/bulk/oil carrier 杂货船 general cargo ship 滚装船 roll on/roll off ship , Ro/Ro ship 木材船 timber carrier 冷藏船 refrigerated ship 多用途船 multi-purpose ship 液货船 liquid cargo ship 易燃液体 inflammable liquid 油船 oil tanker 污油水舱 slop tank 液体化学品船 liquid chemical tanker 液化气船 liquefied gas carrier 液化天然气船 liquefied natural gas carrier/LNG carrier 液化石油气船 liquefied petroleum gas carrier/LPG carrier 乙烯运输船 ethylene tanker 工程船 engineering ship 挖泥船 dredger 起重船 floating crane 海洋调查船 marine survey ship 敷缆船 cable ship 航标船 navigation mark ship 工作船 working ship 拖船 tug 供应船 supply boat 破冰船 icebreaker 海难救助船 rescue ship 消防船 fire boat 科学考察船 scientific research ship 船体结构 ship construction 钢板 plate 型钢 section steel 扁钢 flat bar 球扁钢 bulb bar 角钢 angle bar , A/B 工字钢 I-bar T型钢 T-bar 槽钢 channel bar 铸钢，铸件 casting 锻钢，锻件 forging 焊接 welding 周围焊 around welding 电弧焊/电焊 electric arc welding 气焊 gas welding 焊缝 weld 塞焊 plug welding 端接焊 end welding 角接焊 fillet welding 对接焊 butt welding 搭接焊 lap welding 坡口 groove 覆板 doubling plate 铆接 riveting 板材 deals and battens 骨架 skeleton 总纵强度 total longitudinal strength 扭转强度 torsional strength 横向强度 transverse strength 局部强度 local strength 坐坞强度 docking strength 刚度 rigidity 稳定性 stability 应力集中 stress concentration 船台 building berth 横骨架式 transverse framing system 横向构件 transverse member 舷顶列板 sheer strake 舷侧板 side plating 舭列板 bilge strake 船底板 bottom plating 中内龙骨 center keelson 旁内龙骨 side keelson 梁肘板 beam knee平板龙骨(flat)plate keel 甲板纵桁 deck girder 肋骨 frame 强肋骨 web frame 舷侧纵桁 side girder 肋板 floor 横梁 beam 横舱壁板 transverse bulkhead plating 舱容 hold capacity 外板 shell plate 内底板 inner bottom plating 纵向构件 longitudinal member 自重 sole weight 纵骨架式 longitudinal framing system 船底纵骨 bottom longitudinal 中桁材 center girder 旁桁材 side girder 舷顶列板 sheer strake 舷侧纵骨 side longitudinal 撑材 strut 甲板纵骨 deck longitudinal 强横梁 web beam 舱口围板 hatch coaming 纵舱壁 longitudinal bulkhead 舭龙骨 bilge keel 二层甲板 tween deck 内底边板 margin plate 实肋板/主肋板 solid floor 内底纵骨 inner bottom longitudinal 加强筋 stiffener 人孔 manhole 舱口端梁 hatch end beam 支柱 pillar 船舱肋骨 hold frame 甲板间肋骨 tweendeck frame 舷侧列板 side strake 舭肘板/污水沟三角板 bilge bracket 舱口端横梁 hatch end beam 防倾肘板 tripping bracket 舷墙板 bulwark plating 舷强扶强材 bulwark stiffener 换新 renew 基本结构图 basic construction plan 纵中剖面结构图 central fore-and-aft plane construction plan 各层甲板图 deck plan 内底结构图 inner bottom construction plan 列板 strake 舭列板 bilge strake 甲板边板 deck stringer 基线 base line 横剖面图 transverse cross-section plan 中横剖面图 midship transverse cross-section plan 机舱处横剖面图 engine-room transverse cross-section plan 货舱口处横剖面图 cargo hatch transverse cross-section plan 舱壁图 bulkhead plan 总布置图 general arrangement plan 船底结构 bottom construction 下甲板横梁 lower deck beam 上甲板横梁 upper deck beam 支柱肘板 pillar bracket 双层底结构 double bottom construction 骨架 framing 首防撞舱壁 fore collision bulkhead 尾尖舱舱壁 afterpeak bulkhead 肘板 bracket 水密肋板 watertight floor 内底纵骨 inner bottom longitudinal 实肋板 solid floor 组合肋板/框架肋板 bracket floor 扶强材 side girder 船底横骨 bottom frame 流水孔 drain hole 透气孔 air hole 减轻孔 lightening hole 切口 incision 内底横骨 inner bottom frame 水密舱壁 watertight bulkhead 横骨架式双层底结构 transversely framed double bottom construction 轻型肋板 lightened floor 面板 face plate 折边 flanging 中桁材/中底桁 center girder 中内底板 center inner bottom plating 箱形中桁材/箱形龙骨 duct keel 管隧 pipe tunnel 水密纵桁 watertight longitudinal girder 内底纵骨 inner bottom longitudinal 内底横骨 inner bottom frame 船底中心线 bottom center line 旁桁材/旁底桁/旁龙骨 side girder 人孔盖 manhole cover 污水沟 bilge drainage/side bilge 污水井 bilge well/bilge sump 单层底结构 single bottom construction 中内龙骨 center keelson 旁内龙骨 side keelson 舷侧外板 side plating 甲板边板 deck stringer 主肋骨 main frame 甲板间肋骨 tweendeck frame 尖舱肋骨 peak frame 肋距 frame space 中间肋骨 intermediate frame 普通肋骨 ordinary frame 强肋骨 web frame 舷侧纵桁 side stringer 舷侧纵骨 side longitudinal 舷边 gunwale 舷边角钢 gunwale angle bar 止裂 crack arrest 舷墙 bulwark 舷墙板 bulwark plating 支撑肘板 buttress bracket 扶手 armrest 栏杆 hand rail 舱口纵桁 hatch side girder 甲板纵中线 deck center line 舱口端梁 hatch end beam 强力甲板 strength deck 甲板间舱 tweendeck space 遮蔽甲板 shelter deck 舱壁甲板 bulkhead deck 干舷甲板 freeboard deck 量吨甲板 tonnage deck 半梁 half beam 斜置加强筋 tilt stowing stiffener 管型支柱 tubular pillar 水平加强筋 horizontal stiffener 菱形面板 diamond plate 悬臂梁 cantilever beam 梁拱 camber 舷弧线 sheer curve 舷弧 sheer 首舷弧 fore sheer 尾舷弧 after sheer 首尖舱 fore peak tank 首尖舱舱壁 fore peak tank bulkhead 防撞舱壁 collision bulkhead 尾尖舱舱壁 after peak tank bulkhead 防火舱壁 fireproof bulkhead 液体舱壁 liquid bulkhead 油密 oiltight 制荡舱壁 wash bulkhead平面舱壁 plane bulkhead 舱壁板 bulkhead plate 舱壁扶强材 bulkhead stiffener 水平桁 horizontal girder 对称槽形舱壁 symmetrical corrugated bulkhead 三角形 triangle 矩形 rectangle 梯形 trapezoid 弧形 arc 双层底 double bottom tank 底边舱 lower side tank 顶边舱 top side tank 底登 lower stool 直立型首 straight bow 首柱 stem/stem post 驳船 barge 前倾型首 raked bow 飞剪型首 clipper bow 首楼甲板 forecastle deck 破冰型首 ice resistant bow 兴波阻力 wave making resistance 形状阻力 form resistance 铸钢首柱 cast steel stem post 钢板首柱 steel plate stem post 锚链舱 chain locker 升高肋板 raised floor 强胸横梁 panting beam 外板 shell plate 开孔平台 trepanned platform 椭圆形尾 elliptical stern 巡洋舰形尾 cruiser stern 方型尾 transom stern 尾封板 stern transom plate 船首结构 bow construction 强力构件 strength member 剖面模数 section modulus 船尾结构 stern construction 尾肋板 transom floor 尾柱底骨 sole piece 推进器柱 propeller post 轴毂 propeller boss 舵钮 rudder gudgeon 舵柱 rudder post 斜横梁 cant beam 舵机舱平台 steering gear room platform 尾升高肋板 stern raised floor 斜肋骨 cant frame 舵杆管 rudder case 防火措施 fire precaution 防火结构 fire structure 耐火材料 refractory material 主竖区 main vertical zone 不燃材料 non-combustible material 自燃 autoignition 易燃蒸气 inflammable vapour 可燃材料 combustible material 等效材料 equivalent material 防火分隔 fire resisting division A级分隔/甲级分隔 A class division 天花板 ceiling 衬板 furring 轴隧 shaft tunnel 推进器轴 propeller shaft 逃生孔 escape trunk 中机型船 amidship-engined ship 尾机型船 stern-engined ship 单车船 single-screw ship 顶板 top plating 木铺板 batten ceiling 滑动式水密门 slid watertight door 拱形顶板 arch top plating平顶板 flat top plating 轴承基座 stool supporting shaft bearing 管系 piping 格子板 grating 舭龙骨/减摇龙骨 bilge keel 坞修 dock repair 船底塞 docking plug 坞墩 docking block 锰黄铜 manganese brass 不锈钢 stainless steel 舭部外板 bilge plate 舷侧型线 moulded line of side shell 船底型线 moulded line of bottom shell 垫圈 insertion ring 垫板 pad 隔离空舱 caisson 双层舷侧 double side shell 双层壳 double shell 中间舱 center tank 边舱 side tank 甲板下纵桁 deck lower girder 业务衡准数criterion of service numeral 舱底水管系 bilge system 舱底水管路 bilge pipe 吸口 suction 过滤器 filtrator 舱底水总管 bilge main line 止回阀 non-return valve 舱底泵 bilge pump 阀箱 valve casing 泥箱 mud box 油水分离器 oil-water separator 测量管/测深管 sounding pipe 旋塞 faucet 螺纹盖 thread cap 防击板 striking plate 压载管系 ballast system 压载水 ballast water 压载管路 ballast pipe 调驳阀箱 control valve easing 压载泵 ballast pump 截止阀 stop valve 海底阀/通海阀 sea suction valve 舷侧排水阀 overboard discharge valve 空气管 air pipe 花钢板 diamond plate 自动关闭阀 automatic closing valve 通风管系 ventilating system 自然通风 natural ventilation 烟斗式通风筒 cowl-head ventilator 排风筒 uptake ventilator 蘑菇形通风筒 mushroom ventilator 起重柱 Samson post 鹅颈式通风筒 gooseneck ventilator 机械通风 mechanical ventilator 风机 aerator 管路 pipe conduit 吸口空气滤器 suction air filter 空气调节 air conditioning system 消防管系 fire extinguishing system 固定式灭火系统 fixed fire extinguishing system 水灭火系统 water fire extinguishing system 气体灭火系统 gas fire extinguishing system 泡沫灭火系统 foam fire extinguishing system 水雾灭火系统 water fog fire extinguishing system 自动喷水系统 automatic sprinkling fire extinguishing system 惰性气体保护系统 inert gas system 日用水管系 domestic water supply system 日用淡水系统 domestic fresh water system 日用热水系统 domestic warm water system 饮用水系统 potable water system 重力水柜 gravity tank 压力水柜 pressure tank 循环泵 circulating pump 甲板排水管系 deck scupper system 甲板排水器 deck scupper 排水管 scupper pipe 卫生排泄系统 sanitary water system 锚 anchor 锚穴 anchor recess 锚链筒 hawse pipe 制链器 chain stopper 锚机 windlass 锚链管 chain pipe 锚链舱 chain locker 锚链 chain cable 闸刀 switch blade 制动销 detent pin 松紧螺丝扣 turnbuckle 弃链器 releasing gear 横闩式弃链器 dog type cable clench 螺旋弃链器 screw type cable releaser 手轮 hand wheel 螺杆 screw 脱钩 senhouse slip 末端链环 end open link 首锚 bow anchor 尾锚 stern anchor 有杆锚/海军锚 stocked anchor 锚铃环 anchor ring 锚干 anchor shank 锚爪 anchor fluke 锚冠 anchor crown 锚爪臂 anchor arm 锚尖 anchor bill 锚爪掌 anchor flukepalm 锚杆销 forelock pin 横杆 folding stock 无杆锚/山字锚 stockless anchor 锚卸扣 anchor shackle 锚肩/助抓突角 anchor shoulder 销轴 pintle 横销 pin cotter 大抓力锚 high holding power anchor 普通链环 common link 加大链环 enlarged link 末端链环 end open link 散合式连接链环 detachable link 肯特卸扣 Kenter link 转环 swivel link 电动锚机 electric windlass 电动液压锚机 hydraulic windlass 电动机 electromotor 减速器 reducer 传动齿轮 drive gear 离合器 clutch 链轮 chain wheel 刹车操纵杆 brake control rod 带缆卷筒 rope drum 带式刹车 brake 绞盘 capstan 锚机间 windlass room 锚链末端 bitter end 舾装数/船具数 N/equipment number 备锚 spare anchor 大抓力锚 HHP 超大抓力锚 SHHP 挂锚 hanging off an anchor 单花 cross 双花 elbow 锚链绞缠 foul hawse 清解锚链 cleaning a foul hawse 力链 riding cable 惰链 sleeping cable 保险缆 safety line 挂缆 hang line 送出缆 removing rope 纤维缆绳 fibre rope 钢丝缆绳 wire rope 尼龙绳 nylon rope 涤纶绳 polyester rope 丙纶绳 polypropylene 乙纶绳 polyethylene 维尼龙绳 vinylon rope 硬钢丝绳 stiff wire rope 半硬钢丝绳 semi-flexible wire rope 软钢丝绳 flexible wire rope 钢丝股 strand 油麻芯股 jute heart 钢丝 wire 油麻芯 jute or wire core 复合缆 compound rope 破断强度 breaking load/BL 安全强度 safety load 安全工作负荷 safe working load/SWL 试验强度 test strength/TS 验证负荷 proof load/PL 头缆/首缆 head line 尾缆 stern line 前横缆 forward breast line 后横缆 aft breast line 前倒缆/首倒缆 fore spring line 后倒缆 aft spring line 单头缆 buoy line 回头缆 slip line 吊拖 leading ahead 巴拿马导缆孔 Panama fairlead 缆桩 bitt/bollard 导向滚轮 pedestal fairlead 万向导缆孔 multi-angled fairlead 导向滚轮 guide roller 单十字缆桩 single cross bitt 羊角桩 cleat 单柱系缆桩 single-post bitt 双柱系缆桩 double-post bitt 斜式双柱系缆桩 double raked bitt 双十字缆桩 double cross bitt 导缆孔 chock 导向滚柱 fairlead roller 导缆钳 fairleader 转动导缆器/万向导缆器 universal fairlead 水平滚柱 horizontal roller 垂直滚柱 vertical roller 基座 seating 卷筒 cable drum 挡角 horn 基座 pedestal 绞缆机/系缆绞车 mooring winch 系缆绞盘 capstan 圆盘刹车 disc brake 主卷筒 main drum 减速箱 reduction gear box 联轴节 union joint 主轴 main shaft 滚筒 capstan head 检查盖 inspection cover 控制开关 control switch 接线盒 terminal box 自动张力绞缆机 automatic tension mooring winch 压力调节阀 pressure adjusting valve 液压泵 hydraulic pump 卷筒/缆车 reel 制缆索 stopper 撇缆绳 heaving line 撇缆头 heaving line ball 碰垫/靠把 fender 防鼠板 rat guard 撇缆器 throwing line apparatus 靠泊 berthing 离泊 unberthing 乔塞尔公式 Joessel平板舵/单板舵 single-plate rudder 流线型舵 streamline rudder 舵杆 rudder stock 连接法兰 coupling flange 舵臂 rudder stay 舵板 rudder plate 舵销 rudder pin 水平加强筋 horizontal stiffener 焊接衬板 welding bracket 垂直加强筋 vertical stiffener 吊舵孔 lifting rudder tube 不平衡舵 unbalanced rudder平衡舵 balanced rudder 半平衡舵 semi-balanced rudder 支承舵 bearing rudder 多支承舵 multi-pintle rudder 双支承舵 double bearing rudder 穿心舵轴平衡舵 balanced rudder with axle 悬挂舵 underhung rudder 半悬挂舵 partially underhung rudder 反应舵/迎流舵 reaction rudder 主动舵 active rudder 整流帽舵 bulb rudder 襟翼舵 flettner rudder/flap rudder 科特导流管舵 Kort nozzle rudder 组合舵 unit rudder 希林舵 Schilling rudder 舵叶 rudder blade 固定导流管 fixed nozzle 可转动导流管 movable nozzle 翼片 fin 螺旋桨舵 rudder propeller 水平法兰连接 horizontal coupling joint 垂直法兰连接 vertical coupling joint 上轴承 upper bearing 舵轴 rudder axle 下轴承 lower bearing 吊舵孔 tube hole 骨架肋板 webs 舵底塞 drain plug 舵板 rudder plate 衬套 cylinder liner 止推滚珠轴承 non-return ball bearing 舵承体 rudder bearing frame 填料 packing 舵承盖 rudder bearer cover 挡板 shield 水密填料 watertight packing 螺钉 screw 舵杆衬套 stock bushing 本体 rudder body 压盖 screw cover 滚珠轴承 ball bearing 底座 bed plate 蜗杆 worm 蜗轮 worm wheel 小齿轮 small gear 舵扇 rudder quadrant 缓冲弹簧 buffer spring 舵柄 tiller 液缸 hydraulic cylinder 柱塞 ram 滑块 cod piece 动力装置 PU/power units 换向阀 CO/changeover valve 溢流阀 RV/relief valve 锁紧阀 LV/locking valve 阀门箱 VC/valve chest 伺服控制 SC/servo control 辅助泵 auxiliary pump 固定体/定子 stator 回转体/转子 rotor 动叶 movable vane 压力舱室 pressure chamber 定叶 fixed vane 油管路 manifold 储油箱 oil tank 舵角限位器 rudder angle stopper 随动系统 follow-up system 手柄控制系统/直接控制系统/应急控制系统 non-follow-up system 舵轮 wheel 液缸 liquid tank 活塞 piston 轴 axle 齿条 gear rank 弹簧 spring 活塞杆 piston lever 杠杆 lever 液压管路 hydraulic pipe 自动操舵装置控制系统 automatic course-keeping control system 自动舵 autopilot 比例旋钮/舵角调节旋钮 rudder adjust 微分旋钮/反舵角调节旋钮/速率调节 rate adjust 灵敏度旋钮/天气调节旋钮/航摆角调节 weather adjust 航摆角 yawing 自动改向旋钮 course adjust 自适应舵 adaptive autopilot 恒向线 rhumb line 自动驾驶仪/航迹舵 automatic navigation 综合导航仪 integrated NAV system 航路数据 routeing data 微处理器 micro-processing 计程仪 Log speed 船舶动态 vessel movement 显示器 display 警报系统 alarm system 选择开关 select switch 舵角反馈器 rudder angle feedback 计划航线 navigation plan 计划航向 predetermined course 大圆航法 great circle 滑车 block 挂头 oval eye 车壳 steel side plate 车带 tail strop 制动板 stopping plate 轴 spindle 滑轮 cast-iron sheave 车尾 tail 绞辘 tackle 辘绳 tackle-fall 力端 running end 根端 standing end 定滑车 fixed block 动滑车 movable block 卸扣 shackle 钩 hook 眼板 eye plate 眼环 ring plate 心环 thimble 紧索夹/绳头卸扣 clamp 索头环 socket/swaged terminal 松紧螺丝扣/花篮螺丝 rigging screw 起重机/克令吊 crane 控制室 cabin 变幅/旋转操纵杆 control lever for slewing/luffing 起货操纵杆 control lever for hoisting 吊臂 jib 油马达 oil motor 上油柜 head tank 过滤器 oil strainer 冷却器 oil cooler 限位器箱 differential limit switch box 变幅绞车 luffing winch 起货绞车 hoisting winch 吊货滑车 falling block 液压千斤顶 hydraulic cylinder 安全工作负荷 safe working load/SWL 吊货索 cargo fall 千斤索 topping lift 起货机 cargo winch 千斤索绞车 topping lift winch 吊杆 boom 吊货钩 cargo hook 起重柱 Samson post/SP 双杆联合 union purchase 舷内吊杆/大关 inside boom 舷外吊杆/小关 outside boom 调整稳索 adjustable guy 保险稳索 insurance guy 三角眼板 triangle eye-plate 吊货索滑车组 cargo fall tackle 千斤索滑车组 topping lift tackle 稳索 guy 导向滑车 leading block 桅柱 mast 重型吊杆 heavy derrick 控制台 cross-tree 轻型吊杆 derrick 山字吊货钩 Flemish hook 连接横杆 connecting traverse 拉索 pull guy 滚动式 rolling type 滚翻式 rolling and tipping type 舱口围板支架 brackets 偏心轮 eccentric wheel 连接链 connecting chain 上滚轮 upper roller 压紧器 cleat halve 上升轨 wheel ramp 导装面板 leading panel 折叠式 folding type 铰链 slotted hinge 固定钩 fixed hook 存放臂 stowing arm 钢索 wire pendant 铰接滑车 hinged sheave 拖拽眼板 hauling eye plate 关闭臂 closing arm 固定钩 securing hook 熏舱 fumigation 《货物系固手册》 cargo securing manual/CSM 货物单元 cargo unit 标准货 standardized cargo 半标准货 semi-standardized cargo 非标准货 non-standardized cargo 货物系固设备 cargo securing device 系固 secure 支持 support 最大系固负荷 maximum securing load/MSL 固定式系固设备 fixed securing device 便携式系固设备 portable securing device 地铃 lashing eye 系固链条 lashing chain 紧链器 tension lever 钢丝绳 lashing wire rope 系固钢带 lashing steel band 花篮螺丝/松紧螺旋扣 turnbuckle 系固槽座 lashing pot 绑扎带 lashing band 象脚 elephant feet 拖车支架 trailer trestle 拖车千斤顶 trailer support jack 轮楔 wheel chock 系固钢丝 lashing wire 快速释放紧索器 quick release lashing 底座 foundation 滑移底座 sliding foundation 埋入式底座 imbed foundation 燕尾槽/燕尾底座 dovetail foundation 板式底座 doubling plate foundation 插座 socket 固定锥 welding cone 可折地铃/D形环 D-ring 眼板 lashing plate 箱格导轨系统 cellguide system 横撑材 transverse prop 导箱构件 container guide member 横向支撑底座 lateral support foundation 集装箱绑扎桥 lashing bridge 扭锁 twistlock 操作杆 operating rod 半自动扭锁 semi-automatic twistlock 锁销 locking pin 底座扭锁 bottom twistlock 堆锥 stacking cone 中间堆锥 inter-bridge stacking cone 底座堆锥 bottom stacking cone 可移动锥板 removable cone plate 自动定位锥 automatic fixing cone 锁紧装置 locking device 调整堆锥/高度补偿锥 leveling stacking cone 桥锁 bridge fitting 绑扎杆/绑扎棒 lashing bar 横向撑柱 lateral support element 辅助工具 accessory appliance 分舱因数 factor of subdivision 重心 gravity/G 稳心 metacenter/M 船舶修理 ship repair 计划修理 planned repair 临时修理 occasional repair 航修 voyage repair 小修 current repair 岁修 annual repair 检修 overhaul 船坞 dock 坞修 dock repair 事故修理 accident repair 自修 self repair 防腐锌板 ZINC protector/anticorrosion zinc plate 进坞图 docking plan 舵结构图 rudder construction plan 浮坞 floating dock 船底望光 light measure with eye for the bottom deforming 裂缝 crack 止裂孔 stopper hole 船舶修理单 repair list 缺陷清单 defect list 外观检查 external examination 内部检查 internal examination 缺陷修补 imperfection mend 系泊试验 docking test 密性试验 watertight test 冲水试验 hose testing 压水试验 water test 气密试验 gastight test 舷梯 gangway 航行与信号设备 navigation and signal equipment 通信设备 communication equipment 倾斜试验 inclining test 航行试验 navigation test 加强检验附加标志 ESP/Enhanced Survey Program 水下检验 in-water survey 压载水管理计划 BWMP/ballast water management plan 入级检验 classification survey 保持船级检验 survey for class maintenance 检验 annual survey 中间检验 intermediate survey 坞内检验 docking survey 特别检验 special survey 循环检验 continuous survey 法定检验 statutory survey 营运中检验 survey for ships in service 定期检验 periodical survey 换证检验 change certificate survey 附加检验 additional survey

第四篇：航海英语新题库(船舶结构、气象)

海上气象报告与气象导航

1.______ LOW ELY SLWLY WITH COLD FRONT FM CEN TO 12N 179W AND WARM FROM FM CEN TO 11N 171W． A．SHLW B．SCTD C．OBS D．SW A 2.______ moving rather quickly east expected 150 miles south of Cape Farewell 972 by 160000 GMT． A．Developed low B．Developing low C．Being developed low D．Low to be developed B 3.______ rain means it rains in some parts of the area． A．Squally B．Isolated C．Scattered D．Occasional C 4.A local wind which occurs during the daytime and is caused by the different rates of warming of land and water is a ______． A．Foehn

B．Chinook C．Land breeze

D．Sea breeze D 5.A microbarograph is a precision instrument that provides a ______． A．charted record of atmospheric temperature over time B．charted record of atmospheric pressure over time C．graphic record of combustible gases measured in an atmosphere D．graphic record of vapor pressure from a flammable/combustible liquid B 6.A tropical storm is building strength some distance from your ship．Waves are coming from the east，with periods increasing from 5 seconds to 15 seconds．The swell is from the east．Where was the storm when these new swells were generated ________．

A．To the north of you

B．To the south of you C．To the east of you

D．To the west of you C 7.A type of precipitation that occurs only in thunderstorms with strong convection currents that convey raindrops above and below the freezing level is known as ______． A．Sleet

B．Hail C．Freezing rain D．Rime B 8.A weather forecast states that the wind will commence backing．In the Northern Hemisphere，this would indicate that it will ______． A．Shift in a clockwise manner B．Shift in a counterclockwise manner C．Continue blowing from the same direction D．Decrease in velocity B 9.A WIND BLOWS ROUND ANTICLOCKWISE defines ______． A．Bcking（of wind）B．Beach（to）

C．Veering（of wind）

D．Maintaining direction of the wind A 10.After a cold front passes，the barometric pressure ______． A．Drops，and the temperature drops B．Drops，and the temperature rises C．Rises，and the temperature drops D．Rises，and the temperature rises C 11.Anticyclones are usually characterized by ______． A．dry，fair weather B．high winds and cloudiness C．gustiness and continuous precipitation D．overcast skies A 12.As the temperature for a given mass of air increases，the ______． A．Dew point increases B．Dew point decreases C．Relative humidity increases D．Relative humidity decreases D 13.BASHI：E TO SE 9-10.500M IN HVY SQUALLY SHWRS AND TS．SEA 8-9M．SWELL SE 6-7M．From the above forecast，the wind in Beaufort Scale will be ______．

A．STRONG GALE TO STORM B．GALE TO STRONG GALE C．NEAR GALE TO GALE D．STRONG BREEZE TO NEAR GALE A 14.CAPE WEST WIND WEST TO SOUTHWEST 15 TO 20 KNOTS WEATHER

SHOWERS．This description is likely to be under the heading of ______． A．FORECAST B．STORM WARNING C．GENERAL SITUATION D．MAP ANALYSIS A

15.During the voyage he encountered boisterous winds and heavy weather during which time the vessel ______ heavily and to such an extent that at times it was necessary to change course． A．Moved B．Labored C．Drove D．Went B 16.During the voyage my ship ______ bad weather in the Pacific Ocean． A．meets with B．has met with C．met with D．meeted with C 17.Especially in adverse weather，risk of collision with an offshore supply vessel increases when the vessel is moored to what side of the unit ________． A．Upwind B．Downwind C．Crosswind D．Downcurrent A 18.For an accurate barometer check，you would ______． A．Check it with a barometer on another vessel B．Take readings from several barometers and average them C．Check it with the barometer at the ship chandlery D．Check it against radio or National Weather Service reports of the immediate vicinity D 19.HIGH WAVES；DENSE STREAKS OF FOAM ALONG THE DIRECTION OF THE WIND；CRESTS OF WAVES BEGIN TO TOPPLE，TUMBLE AND ROLL OVER；SPRAY MAY AFFECT VISIBILITY．This condition is likely to be termed ______．

A．Strong breeze B．Near gale C．Gale D．Strong gale D

20.If the center of low pressure is due west of you in the Northern Hemisphere，which wind direction should you expect ________． A．South to west B．South to east C．West to north D．North to east B 21.If your weather bulletin shows the center of a low pressure area to be 100 miles due east of your position，what winds can you expect in the Northern Hemisphere ________．

A．East to northeast

B．East to southeast C．North to northwest

D．South to southeast C 22.INTERTROPICAL CONVERGENCE ZONE OVER SOUTH PHILIPPINE PASSING OVER MINDANAO NORTHERN SULU AND PALAWAN．This phrase is likely to be under the heading of ______． A．GALE WARNING B．24 HOURS FORECAST C．SYNOPSIS D．STORM WARNING C 23.Mechanical lifting of air by the upslope slant of the terrain is called ______． A．Vertical lifting B．Convective lifting C．Advective lifting D．Topographic lifting D 24.NORTHEAST TAIWAN RYUKYU PARTLY CLOUDY SKIES WITH ISOLATED SHOWERS WIND NORTHEASTLY ZERO FIVE TO ONE FIVE KNOTS SEA MAINLY SLIGHT．The weather in this area is ______． A．CLOUDY B．PARTLY CLOUDY C．CLEAR D．OVERCAST B 25.Of the following，______ is not a wind． A．Bora B．Gust C．Gregale D．FloeD 26.OWING TROPICAL STORM9706 CROSSING OUR/COURSE PLSPERMIT SHELTERING KAGOSHIMA KAIWAN．This cable indicates that ______．

A．She requested shelter permission

B．She intended to berth at port of KAGOSHIMA C．She intended to change her course D．She was reporting to the port that a tropical storm is coming A 27.REEF（SOUTH）WIND NORTH 10 KNOTS WEATHER ISOLATED SHOWERS SEA SLIGHT STOP．This phase is a ______． A．forecast B．warning C．map analysis D．general introduction A 28.SCARBOROUGH= W TO SW UP TO 10 IN N．500 M IN HVY SQUALLY SHOWERS AND TS．SEA 7-8 M．SWELL SW 5-6 M．The visibility in this area is ______．

A．10 NM

B．500 M

C．7-8 M

D．5-6M B 29.SEVERE TROPICAL STORM UPGRADED INTO A TYPHOON AND AT 1800Z 13 AUGUST IT WAS ESTIMATED BASED ON SURFACE REPORTS．This phrase is likely to be under the heading of ______． A．GALE WARNING B．24 HOURS FORECAST C．SYNOPSIS D．STORM WARNING D 30.TAIWAN STRAITS EAST GUANGDONG：CLOUDY TO OVERCAST WITH LOCAL SHOWERS WIND NE 22 TO 33 KTS SEAS ROUGH TO VERY ROUGH VIS 10 TO 20 KMS．The Vis.in this area is ______ nautical miles． A．22 TO 33 B．11 TO 16 C．5 TO 10 D．10 TO 20 C 31.The AMVER system requires ______． A．Sailing plans to be sent before departure B．More frequent reports in heavy weather C．Arrival reports to be sent within 8 hours of arrival D．A position report within 24 hours of departure D 32.The apparent wind's speed can be zero，but only when two conditions are present．One condition is that the true wind ______． A．Must be from dead ahead B．Speed must be zero C．Must be from dead astern D．Must be on the beam

C 33.The area of strong westerly winds occurring between 40°S and 60°S latitude is called the ______． A．polar easterlies B．prevailing westerlies C．roaring forties D．jet streams C 34.The Beaufort scale is used to estimate the ______． A．Wind direction B．Percentage of cloud cover C．Wind speed D．Barometric pressure C 35.The dense black cumulonimbus clouds surrounding the eye of a hurricane are called ______．

A．Spiral rainbands

B．Cloud walls C．Funnel clouds

D．Cyclonic spirals B 36.The eye of a hurricane is surrounded by dense black cumulonimbus clouds which are called the ______． A．Wall cloud B．Nimbostratus cloud C．Bar D．Funnel A 37.The Routing System which aimed at reducing the risk of casualties is called as ______．

A．Traffic Separation Schemes B．Recommended tracks C．Precautionary areas D．Inshore traffic zones A 38.The winds you would expect to encounter in the North Atlantic between latitudes 5° and 30° are known as the ______． A．Doldrums B．Westerlies C．Trades D．Easterlies C 39.TYPHOON KAREN WARNING 14．POSIT ONE THREE PT ONE NORTH ONE FOUR EIGHT PT TWO EAST AT 110 000Z．GOOD BASED ON 102 200Z RECON FIX．The typhoon is in ______．

A．the high latitude of the northern hemisphere

B．the high latitude of the southern hemisphere C．the low latitude of the northern hemisphere D．the low latitude of the southern hemisphere C 40.Weather conditions in the middle latitudes generally move ______． A．Eastward B．Westward C．Northward D．Southward A 41.Weather forecast messages are usually ______． A．Given only to TV stations B．Transmitted only by commercial broadcast stations C．Broadcast in plain language D．Broadcast immediately on VHF Channel 16 and 2182 kHz C 42.Weather information is available from ______． A．Commercial radio broadcasts B．The Coast Guard on scheduled marine information broadcasts C．VHF-FM continuous marine weather broadcasts provided by the National Weather Service D．All of the above D 43.Weather observations provided by each weather station include all of the following except ______． A．temperature B．visibility C．predicted weather for the next twelve hours D．barometric pressure and change in the last three hours C 44.West backing south-west gale 8 locally storm 10 ______ then rain or sleet mainly good．

A．windy showers B．showers with winds C．wintry showers D．showery winds C 45.What benefit is a weather bulletin to a mariner ________． A．It provides a legal reason to cancel a projected voyage B．It allows the mariner to make long term weather forecasts C．It is of little benefit since the weather changes frequently and rapidly D．It gives the mariner time to prepare for weather changes D 46.What will a veering wind do ________．

A．Change direction in a clockwise manner in the Northern Hemisphere B．Circulate about a low pressure center in a counterclockwise manner in the Northern Hemisphere C．Vary in strength constantly and unpredictably D．Circulate about a high pressure center in a clockwise manner in the Southern Hemisphere A 47.When a high pressure system is centered north of your vessel in the Northern Hemisphere ______．

A．You should experience hot，moist，clear weather B．The wind direction is generally easterly C．The winds should be from the southwest at your location D．The winds should be brisk B 48.When force of winds reaches 10-11 in Beaufort scale，we usually call such wind ______．

A．Gale

B．Storm

C．Hurricane

D．Typhoon B 49.When observing a rapid rise in barometric pressure，you may expect ______． A．Clear weather with no wind，but the possibility of rain or snow within 24 hours B．Deteriorating weather with rain or snow C．Heavy rain or severe thundershowers D．Clearing weather，possibly accompanied by high winds D 50.When steering on autopilot which of the following input conditions may NOT have an effect on the control of the steering gear ________． A．Non-follow-up

B．Rudder adjustment C．Weather adjustment

D．All the above may be activated A 51.Which general weather conditions should you expect to find in a low pressure system ________． A．Fair weather B．Precipitation and cloudiness C．Scattered clouds at high elevations D．Gradual clearing and cooler temperatures B 52.Which of the following is not a frontal term ______． A．Ridge B．Col C．Trough D．Bora D 53.Which of the following statements concerning frontal movements is TRUE ________．

A．The temperature rises after a cold front passes B．The barometric pressure rises when a warm front passes C．A cold front generally passes faster than a warm front D．A warm front usually has more violent weather associated with it than a cold front C 54.While on watch，you notice that the air temperature is dropping and is approaching the dew point．Which type of weather should be forecasted ________． A．Hail B．Heavy rain C．Sleet D．Fog D 55.Widely spaced isobars on a weather map indicate ______． A．High winds B．Gentle breezes C．Ice，snow or frozen rain D．Probability of tornados B 海上天气现象

1.______ are experienced in temperate latitudes during warn summer weather but rarely exceed Force 3 and may extend 10 to 15 miles on either side of the coastline． A．Trade Winds B．Winds of the temperate zones C．Monsoons D．Land and Sea Breezes D 2.______ blow more or less constantly（except when monsoons prevail）throughout all seasons at a mean speed of around 14 knots and are generally strongest in the late winter．

A．Trade Winds

B．Winds of the temperate zones C．Monsoons

D．Land and Sea Breezes A 3.______ forms over land，most frequently during autumn and winter over low-lying land，especially if it is damp and marshy and in valleys on quiet nights with clear skies．

A．FRONTAL FOG B．MIXING FOG C．ADVECTION FOG D．RADIATION FOG D 4.______ is a type of fog occurring close to the sea surface when the air is dry and cold-probably at least 9℃ below the sea surface temperature． A．MIXING FOG

B．ADVECTION FOG C．RADIATION FOG D．ARCTIC SEA SMOKE D 5.______ is the most widespread type likely to be encountered at sea and is caused by relatively warm air being cooled by flowing over a cooler sea surface． A．FRONTAL FOG B．MIXING FOG C．ADVECTION FOG D．RADIATION FOG C 6．A ______ is created by a pressure gradient or slope in the water level． A．gradient current B．density current C．swift current D．torrent current A 7．A barometer showing falling pressure indicates the approach of a ______． A．High pressure system B．Low pressure system C．High dew point D．Low dew point B 8.A hurricane moving northeast out of the Gulf passes west of your position．You could expect all of the following EXCEPT ______． A．higher than normal swells B．high winds C．winds veering from south，through west，to northwest D．light showers D 9.A katabatic wind blows ______． A．Up an incline due to surface heating B．In a circular pattern C．Down an incline due to cooling of the air D．Horizontally between a high and a low pressure area C 10.A sign of thunderstorm development is a cumulus cloud ______． A．Darkening，growing in size and forming an anvil top B．That shows extensive vertical development C．Creating cold downdrafts that are felt on the ground D．All of the above D 11.A vessel entering the eye of a hurricane should expect ______．

A．Moderating winds and heavy confused seas to strike his vessel from all directions

B．The winds to increase to hurricane force and strike from a different direction as the eye passes C．The barometer to reach the lowest point D．All of the above D 12．Altocumulus clouds are defined as ______． A．high clouds B．middle clouds C．low clouds D．vertical development clouds B 13.By plotting the analysis messages on weather charts，we are able to ______． A．prevent any possible accident at sea B．prepare a reasonable forecast of the wind and weather C．help the mariner to fix a accurate ship's position D．aid the salvage of a ship in peril B

14.Clouds with the prefix“nimbo”in their name ______． A．are sheet or layer clouds B．have undergone great vertical development C．are middle or high altitude clouds D．are rain clouds D 15.Cumulonimbus clouds are formed by ______． A．vertical air movements B．heavy rainstorms C．horizontal air movements D．any movement of moist air A 16.Cumulus clouds that have undergone vertical development and have become cumulonimbus in form，indicate ______． A．clearing weather B．that a warm front has passed C．probable thunderstorm activity D．an approaching hurricane or typhoon C

17.Customs，upon boarding a vessel desiring entry into PRC port，would inspect which document ________．

A．Cargo Manifest

B．Certified Crew List C．Stores List

D．All of the above D

18.Cyclones that have warm sectors usually move ______． A．westerly B．parallel to the isobars in the warm sector C．toward the nearest high pressure area D．faster than the accompanying cold front B 19.Fetch is the ______．

A．Distance a wave travels between formation and decay B．Stretch of water over which a wave-forming wind blows C．Time in seconds required for two crests to pass a given point D．Measurement of a wave's steepness B 20.Fog forms when the air ______． A．Is 50% water saturated B．Is 90% water saturated C．Temperature is greater than the dew point temperature D．Temperature is equal to，or below the dew point temperature D 21.Good weather is usually associated with a region of ______．

A．low barometric pressure

B．high barometric pressure C．falling barometric pressure

D．pumping barometric pressure B 22.Haze is not caused by ______．

A．forest fires

B．smoke from industrial areas C．dust or sand storms

D．water droplets with the relative humidity more than 95% B 23.High pressure ridge ______ from Sevastopol to eastern Libya．

A．Reaching

B．Extending

C．Increasing

D．Upgrading B 24.Hurricanes may move in any direction．However，it is rare and generally of short duration when a hurricane in the Northern Hemisphere moves toward the ______． A．West or northwest

B．Northeast

C．Southeast

D．North C 25.If you are caught in the left semicircle of a tropical storm，in the Southern Hemisphere，you should bring the wind ______．

A．On the starboard quarter，hold course and make as much way as possible B．2 points on the port quarter，and make as much way as possible C．On the port bow，and make as much way as possible D．Dead ahead and heave to C

26.If you observe the point of cloud convergence shifting to the right and the “bar”of the storm appears to move along the horizon ______．

A．The center of the storm will by-pass you B．The storm will strike you on the starboard side C．You are in the direct path of the storm and should take immediate steps to batten down loose gear D．The storm is starting to break up A 27.In reading a weather map，closely spaced pressure gradient lines would indicate ______．

A．High winds B．High overcast clouds C．Calm or light winds D．Fog or steady rain A 28.In regions near the poles，the winds are generally described as ______． A．Westerlies B．Easterlies C．Northerlies D．Southerlies B 29.In the doldrums you can expect ______． A．Steady，constant winds B．Frequent rain showers and thunderstorms C．Steep pressure gradients D．Low relative humidity B 30.In the Northern Hemisphere a wind is said to veer when the wind ______． A．Changes direction clockwise，as from north to east，etc． B．Changes direction violently and erratically C．Remains constant in direction and speed D．Changes direction counterclockwise，as from south to east，etc． A 31．In the Northern Hemisphere，an observer at point II in the weather system should experience a wind shift from the ______． A．Southwest，clockwise to northwest B．Northeast，clockwise to west-southwest C．Northeast，counterclockwise to northwest D．East，counterclockwise to south-southwest A 32.In the Northern Hemisphere，if your vessel is in a hurricane's navigable semicircle it should be positioned with the wind on the ______．

A．Starboard quarter，hold course and make as much speed as possible B．Port bow，hold course and make as much speed as possible until the hurricane has passed C．Port quarter，maintain course and make as much speed as possible

D．Starboard bow and heave to until the hurricane has passed A

33.In the Northern Hemisphere，the right half of the storm is known as the dangerous semicircle because ______．

A．the wind speed is greater here since the wind is traveling in the same general direction as the storm's track B．the direction of the wind and seas might carry a vessel into the path of the storm C．the seas are higher because of greater wind speed D．All of the above D 34.In the Northern Hemisphere，when the wind at your location is northerly，the low pressure center causing the wind is located to your ______． A．NNW B．WSW C．ESE D．SSW C 35.In the relatively calm area near the hurricane center，the seas are ______． A．moderate but easily navigated B．calm C．mountainous and confused D．mountainous but fairly regular as far as direction is concerned C 36.In the Southern Hemisphere winds in a low pressure system rotate in a ______． A．clockwise direction B．northeasterly direction C．northerly direction D．counterclockwise direction A 37．Isobars on a synoptic chart are useful in predicting ______． A．Temperature B．Dew point C．Wind velocity D．Relative humidity C 38.MAINLY VARIABLE 3 to 4 VEERING NELY 5 TOMORROW MORNING．This forecast refers to ______ in the designated area． A．visibility B．winds C．sea D．fog B 39.MIST is caused by ______．

A．forest fires B．smoke from industrial areas C．dust or sand storms D．water droplets with the relative humidity more than 95% D 40．Monsoons are characterized by ______．

A．light，variable winds with little or no humidity B．strong，gusty winds that blow from the same general direction all year C．steady winds that reverse direction semiannually D．strong，cyclonic winds that change direction to conform to the passage of an extreme low pressure system C 41.Recurvature of a hurricane's track usually results in the forward speed ______． A．Increasing B．Decreasing C．Remaining the same D．Varying during the day A 42.Steady precipitation is typical of ______． A．Coming cold weather conditions B．A warm front weather condition C．High pressure conditions D．Scattered cumulus clouds B 43.The direction of prevailing winds in the Northern hemisphere is caused by the ______．

A．Magnetic field at the North Pole B．Gulf Stream C．Earth's rotation D．Arctic cold fronts C 44.The doldrums are characterized by ______． A．Steady，light to moderate winds B．Frequent calms C．Clear skies D．Low humidity B 45.The force resulting from the earth's rotation that causes winds to deflect to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere is called ______．

A．Pressure gradient

B．Coriolis effect C．Aurora borealis

D．Ballistic deflection B 46．The moisture equilibrium chart can be used to determine the ______．

A．Absolute moisture content of the air surrounding a hygroscopic cargo when moisture equilibrium exists B．Dew point temperature that the air surrounding a hygroscopic commodity will have when in moisture equilibrium with that commodity C．Enthalpy of the air surrounding a hydroscopic cargo which is in moisture equilibrium with the cargo D．Temperature at which moisture equilibrium will occur in a cargo hold containing a hygroscopic cargo B 47．The passing of a low pressure system can be determined by periodically checking the ______． A．Thermometer

B．Hygrometer

C．Barometer

D．Anemometer C 48.The southeast trade winds actually blow toward the ______． A．Southeast

B．South

C．East

D．Northwest D 49.The strong wind will make us ______ here for some days．

A．To stay

B．Staying

C．Stay

D．Stayed C 50．The thin，whitish，high clouds composed of ice crystals，popularly known as mare's tails are ______．

A．cirrus

B．cirrocumulus

C．altostratus

D．nimbostratus A 51.The wind is ______ and decreasing． A．anticlockwise rotating

B．anticlock rotating C．clockwise rotating D．clock rotating C 52.Tropical cyclones are classified by form and intensity．Which system does not have closed isobars ________．

A．Hurricane

B．Tropical disturbance

C．Tropical depression

D．Cyclone B 53.Two well-developed high pressure areas may be separated by a ______． A．Hill of low pressure

B．Trough of low pressure C．Valley of low pressure

D．Ridge of low pressure B 54.What is the first visible indication of the presence of a tropical cyclone or hurricane ________．

A．Stratocumulus clouds or strange birds

B．Rain and increasing winds C．An exceptionally long swell

D．Dark clouds and the“bar”of the storm C 55.What kind of conditions would you observe as the eye of a storm passes over your ship's position ________．

A．Huge waves approaching from all directions，clearing skies，light winds，and an extremely low barometer B．Flat calm seas，heavy rain，light winds，and an extremely low barometer C．Flat calm seas，heavy rain，light winds，and high pressure D．Huge waves approaching from all directions，clearing skies，light winds，and high pressure A 56.What kind of pressure systems travel in easterly waves ________． A．High pressure

B．Low pressure

C．Subsurface pressure D．Terrastatic pressure B 57.When a hurricane passes into high latitudes over colder water and the source of heat is disrupted，the storm assumes the characteristics of ______． A．a high pressure area B．an extratropical cyclone C．a tropical storm D．an easterly wave B 58.When a hurricane passes over colder water or land and loses its tropical characteristics，the storm becomes a（n）______． A．High pressure area B．Extratropical low-pressure system C．Tropical storm D．Easterly wave B 59.When a tornado moves over the water from land it is called a ______． A．Tornado B．Waterspout C．Hurricane D．Cyclone B 60.When a wind blows round clockwise，it is ______． A．Variable B．Changing C．Backing D．Veering D 61.When experiencing heavy winds，you should reef sails to ______． A．bring the sails parallel to the wind B．reduce sail area exposed to the wind C．allow the sails to catch more wind D．remove all tension on the main and jib sheets B 62.When your vessel is on or near the path of an approaching tropical storm the

______．

A．wind direction remains steady B．wind speed increases C．barometer falls D．All of the above D 63.Which condition indicates that you are in a hurricane's dangerous semicircle in the Northern hemisphere ________． A．A backing wind B．A veering wind C．A norther D．A strong，gusty wind B 64.Which condition suggests that your present position lies in the navigable semicircle of a tropical storm ________． A．A backing wind B．A veering wind C．Sustained gale force winds D．A strong wind that maintains a constant speed and direction A

65.Which of the following is not a frontal term ________． A．ridge

B．col

C．trough

D．bora D 66.Which of the following is not a wind ________．

A．Growler

B．Norther

C．Levanter

D．Mistral A 67.Which type of precipitation is a product of the violent convection found in thunderstorms ________．

A．Snow

B．Freezing Rain

C．Hail

D．Sleet C 68.You have determined that you are in the right semicircle of a tropical cyclone in the Northern Hemisphere．What action should you take to avoid the storm ________． A．Place the wind on the starboard quarter and hold that course B．Place the wind on the port quarter and hold that course C．Place the wind on the port bow and hold that course D．Place the wind on the starboard bow and hold that course D 69.Your facsimile prognostic chart indicates that you will cross the cold front of a low pressure system in about 24 hours．You should ______．

A．Expect to see cirrus clouds followed by altostratus and nimbostratus clouds B．Alter course to remain in the navigable semicircle C．Prepare for gusty winds，thunderstorms，and a sudden wind shift D．Expect clear weather，with steady winds and pressure，until the front passes

C 船体结构

1.______ is not a longitudinal structural member．

A．sideshell

B．bottom shell plating C．inner bottom plating

D．transverse bulkhead D 2.______ is not a static load．

A．Actual weight of the ship's structure，outfitting，equipment and machinery B．Ballast load（weight）C．Cargo load D．Slamming and sloshing load D 3.A block and tackle is rove to advantage．This means that the ______．

A．blocks have been overhauled

B．hauling parts of two tackles are attached C．hauling part leads through the movable block

D．hauling part leads through the standing block C 4.A carling is used aboard ship ______．

A．As a connecting strap between the butted ends of plating B．To stiffen areas under points of great stress between beams C．To prevent the anchor from fouling when the brake is released D．To provide an extra heavy fitting in a heavy lift cargo rig B 5.A continuous watertight bulkhead is normally also a（n）______． A．Structural bulkhead B．Exterior bulkhead C．Centerline bulkhead D．Joiner bulkhead A 6.A deck fitting，used to secure line or wire rope，consisting of a single body with two protruding horns is called a ______． A．Bitt B．Bollard C．Capstan D．Cleat D 7.A design modification of an anchor chain which prevents kinking is the ______． A．Detachable link B．Stud link C．Kenter link D．Connecting link B

8.A set of interior steps on a ship leading up to a deck from below is known as ______．

A．A companion way B．Tween-decks C．Stairs D．Any of the above are acceptable A 9.A term applied to the bottom shell plating in a double-bottom ship is ______． A．bottom floor B．outer bottom C．shear plating D．tank top B 10.A vessel has sustained damage in a collision with another vessel．It is necessary to have a Seaworthy Certificate before the vessel sails．Who will issue this certificate ________．

A．American Consul B．Classification Society C．Captain of the Port D．Officer in Charge，Marine Inspection B 11.Bilge keels are fitted on ships to ______． A．Assist in drydock alignment B．Improve the vessel's stability C．Protect the vessel from slamming against piers D．Reduce the rolling of the vessel D

12.Buckler plates are ______．

A．Triangular-shaped plates connecting the bull chain to the topping lift B．Metal plates secured over the tops of the hawsepipes C．Faired shell plates with curvature in two directions D．Sheets of dunnage used to prevent heavy cargo from buckling the deck plates B 13.Compared to internal structural plating，the exterior hull plating on a vessel is usually ______． A．stronger B．thinner C．more corrosion resistant D．a lower grade steel A 14.Compared to internal structural plating，the exterior hull plating on a ship is usually ______．

A．stronger B．thinner C．more corrosion resistant D．a lower grade steel A 15.Deck beams on a vessel are generally spaced at equal intervals and run ______． A．longitudinally

B．vertically

C．transversely

D．intermittently C 16.Deck beams perform ______ of the following functions in the hull structure of a vessel．① They transfer deck loads to the frames；② They help to maintain the shape of the hull． A．① only． B．② only．

C．Both ① and ② D．Neither ① nor ② C 17.Floors aboard ship are ______． A．also called decks B．vertical transverse plates connecting the vertical keel with the margin plates C．large beams fitted in various parts of the vessel for additional strength D．found in passenger and berthing spaces only B 18.Floors aboard ship are ______．

A．frames to which the tank top and bottom shell are fastened on a double bottomed ship B．transverse members of the ships frame which support the decks C．longitudinal beams in the extreme bottom of a ship from which the ship's ribs start D．longitudinal angle bars fastened to a surface for strength A 19.For existing ships，______ is not an improvement to safety． A．the reinforcement of the aft transverse watertight bulkhead B．the double bottom structure in way of the foremost cargo hold C．the introduction of a more rigorous survey regime and greater attention to operating procedures D．introduction of new and improved designs D 20.Forecastle deck is located in the ship's ______． A．Bow stem B．Stern C．Portside D．Starboard side A 21.Frames to which the tank top and bottom shell are fastened are called ______． A．floors

B．intercostals C．stringers D．tank top supports A 22.Holes in the bulwark，which allow deck water to drain into the sea，are ______． A．Doggers B．Fidleys C．Freeing ports D．Swash ports C 23.If the weights are moved away from the midship section，______ will happen on board． A．hogging B．sagging C．stiff D．tender A 24.In a transversely framed ship，the transverse frames are supported by all of the following EXCEPT ______． A．Girders B．Longitudinals C．Side stringers D．Web plates D 25.In heavy weather you notice buckling in the midships deck plating of your vessel．To relieve the strain you could ______．

A．pump fuel oil from midships to the ends of the vessel B．reduce speed C．take a course which most eases the vessel D．All of the above D 26.In vessel construction，a greater number of watertight bulkheads results in ______． A．increased capacity to set flooding boundaries B．decreased capacity to set flooding boundaries C．reduced compartmentation D．greater deck load capacity C

27.In vessel construction，beams are transverse girders which provide support to ______． A．Bulkheads B．Deckhouse structures C．Decks

D．Vertical frames C 28.In vessel construction，the garboard strake is ______． A．Located next to and parallel to the keel B．Located next to and parallel to the gunwale C．Another term for the bilge keel D．Another term for the rub rail A 29.It is possible，and sometimes necessary，to strengthen the deck of a vessel for carriage of deck cargo by ______． A．placing bunker on the deck B．building a stage on which to place the cargo C．welding steel feet to the deck，on which the cargo is placed D．erecting vertical pillars under the deck to support the cargo D 30.Limber is a term associated with ______． A．Emergency gear B．Drainage C．Deck cargo storage D．Securing gear B 31.On a vessel，the keel is the primary strength member of the lower hull form in which direction ________． A．Transverse B．Diagonal C．Longitudinal D．Vertical C 32.On board a bulk carrier，______．

A．harbour SWSF > seagoing SWSF，harbour SWBM > seagoing SWBM B．harbour SWSF < seagoing SWSF，harbour SWBM < seagoing SWBM C．harbour SWSF > seagoing SWSF，harbour SWBM < seagoing SWBM D．harbour SWSF < seagoing SWSF，harbour SWBM > seagoing SWBM A 33.One function of a bulwark is to ______． A．Help keep the deck dry B．Prevent stress concentrations on the stringer plate C．Protect against twisting forces exerted on the frame of the vessel D．Reinforce the side stringers A

34.Pollution regulations require that each scupper in an enclosed deck area have a ______．

A．Wooden plug B．Soft rubber plug C．Two-piece soft patch D．Mechanical means of closing D 35.Prior to magnetic particle inspection of anchor chain，the chain should be ______． A．Degaussed B．Demagnetized C．Soaked D．Sandblasted D 36.Regulations define the bulkhead deck as ______．（subdivision and stability regulations）

A．any deck extending from stem to stern B．the uppermost deck to which transverse watertight bulkheads extend C．the lowermost deck to which transverse watertight bulkheads extend D．the uppermost complete deck B 37.Reinforcing frames attached to a bulkhead on a vessel are called ______． A．side longitudinal

B．intercostals C．stiffeners

D．brackets C 38.Ship's steering gear refers to ______．

A．cargo handling machines

B．deck winches and derricks C．engine-room tools

D．course controlling system D 39.The American Petroleum Institute recommends magnetic particle inspection for ______． A．Anchor chain

B．Wire rope

C．Connecting links

D．Pendant wires C 40.The American Petroleum Institute recommends that connecting links and anchor shackles be inspected using ______． A．Visual examinations B．Magnetic particle inspection C．Dye penetrant inspection D．X-ray inspection B 41.The Captain's accommodation comprising rooms certified for his exclusive use may be ______ in the measurement of vessel's tonnage．

A．Deducted

B．Added

C．Forfeited

D．Used A 42.The deadweight of a bulk carrier consists of ______． A．the weight of the ship's structure and its machinery

B．bunker and other consumable loads C．ballast loads D．all those weights，such as the weight of the bunkers，ballast，provisions and cargo D 43.The extension of the after part of the keel in a single-screw vessel upon which the stern post rests is called the ______． A．boss B．knuckle C．skeg D．strut C 44.The hull is divided up into a number of watertight compartments by ______． A．inner bottom plating and longitudinals B．decks and bulkheads C．double bottom girders D．topside and hopper tank sloping plating and longitudinals B 45.The locker will ______ as long as your ship is here． A．Be kept sealed B．Be released from being sealed C．Be kept signed D．Be released from being signed A 46.The opening in the deck beneath the anchor windlass that leads to the chain locker is the ______． A．Hawse pipe B．Fall pipe C．Drop-pipe D．Spill pipe D 47.The perforated，elevated bottom of the chain locker，which prevents the chains from touching the main locker bottom and allows seepage water to flow to the drains，is called a ______． A．cradle B．draft C．harping D．manger D 48.The permissible SWSF and SWBM are assigned by ______． A．IMO B．IACS Member Societies C．SOLAS D．BC Code B

49.The piping that routes an oil cargo from the manifold to underdeck pipelines is known as a ______． A．Cargo fill B．Line drop C．Transfer D．Branch line B 50.The primary barrier of a bulk carrier is formed by ______． A．the single skin side shell and the inner bottom B．deck strips，hatch covers and coamings C．the vertically corrugated transverse watertight bulkheads D．the single skin side shell between topside and hopper tanks，and the cross deck strips，hatch covers and coamings D 51.The riding pawl is ______．

A．a safety interlock in a cargo winch that prevents the runner from overspeeding B．a stopper that prevents the anchor cable from running free if the cable jumps the wildcat C．the device that locks the deck lashings of the Peck and Hale system D．the lug that rides on the eccentric rib and engages the locking ring on the windlass B 52.The section of each end of a barge which is heavily reinforced to take the pressure of pushing is called the ______． A．Headlog B．Towhead C．Collision bulkhead D．Bullnose A 53.The strake on each side of the keel is called a ______． A．Sheer strake B．Gatewood strake C．Insulation strake D．Garboard strake D 54.The term strake is used in reference to ______． A．rudder mountings B．anchor gear C．hull plating D．vessel framing C 55.The type of joint formed when an edge of one plate is laid over the edge of the plate to which it is riveted is a ______． A．Grip joint B．Strap joint

C．Thread joint D．Lap joint D 56.The Vessel's cargo holds are properly fitted with _______ in way of hatches． A．Floor-ceiling B．Battens C．Covers D．Hard-wood boards A

57.To determine the weight capacity of a deck in a cargo hold，you would refer to the ______．

A．Deadweight scale B．Deck capacity plan C．Cubic capacity tables D．General arrangement plan B 58.Tonnage openings must be closed by means of ______． A．Press board B．Steel hatch boards C．Steel plates D．Wooden hatch boards C 59.What can cause a lack of oxygen in a chain locker ________． A．Absorption B．Osmosis C．Evaporation D．Oxidation D 60.What is a cofferdam ________． A．Tube fitted to an ullage hole B．Area the product is loaded into C．Void or empty space separating two tanks D．Opening in the deck used for cleaning a tank C 61.What type of stern tube bearing has the least friction ________． A．Oil-lubricated bearings B．Lignum vitae C．Hard rubber D．Bronze bushings A 62.When lowering manropes alongside a stage rigged over the side of a vessel，they should be allowed to trail in the water ______． A．to easily remove the kinks that form in the lines

B．to allow the seamen on the stage to know the direction and strength of the current C．to provide the seaman something to hold onto if he or she falls from the stage into the water D．only for short periods of time since they will become waterlogged and be very heavy to pull up C 63.When using the term limber system one is referring to a ______． A．Cleaning system B．Drainage system C．Strengthening system D．Weight reduction system B 64.Which arrangement of shell plating is used most in modern shipbuilding ________．

A．Clinker

B．Flush

C．In-and-Out

D．Joggled B 65.Which of the following is a characteristic of a Ro-Ro vessel ________． A．Passenger tours available upon docking B．Long port stays necessary to secure vehicles C．Short in port turnaround times D．Heavy vehicles only require lightweight securing equipment C 66.Which of the following tensioning devices is used with webbing to secure light vehicles aboard Ro-Ro vessels ________． A．Chain lever B．Buckle tensioner C．Adjust-a-matic tensioner D．Turnbuckle B 67.Which space cannot be deducted from gross tonnage when calculating net tonnage ________．

A．Crew messroom B．Forepeak ballast tank C．Master's cabin D．Chain locker B 68.Which space（s）is（are）deducted from gross tonnage to derive net tonnage ________．

A．Boatswain's stores B．Companions and booby hatches C．Passenger spaces D．All of the above A 69.Which space（s）is（are）deducted from gross tonnage to derive net tonnage

________．

A．Galley fitted with range or oven

B．Open structures C．Passenger spaces

D．Boatswain's stores D 70.Which statement about the hospital space on a cargo ship is TRUE ________． A．The hospital may be used for disciplinary confinement if it is not being used for treatment B．The hospital space must have both a bathtub and shower C．A hospital is required on all vessels with a crew of 12 or more if it makes overnight voyages D．If a ship has a crew of forty-five who do not have their own room，the hospital must have four berths D 71.Which term refers to a transverse curvature of the deck ________． A．Deadrise

B．Camber

C．Freeboard

D．Flare B 72.While cranking out a quadrantal davit，slippage of the quadrant due to excessive wear or failure of the teeth in the quadrant will cause the ______． A．Davit arm to pivot on the traveling nut and the head to fall outboard B．Traveling nut to lock up in place on the worm gear C．Limit switch to engage and hold the traveling nut in position D．Winch brake to lock in position and prevent lowering the boat A 73.Why is it necessary to extend ventilators of gasoline powered vessels to the bilges ________．

A．To keep them dry，and thus easier to clean B．To remove fuel vapors which are heavier than air C．To provide adequate air to the engines D．To cool the machinery areas B 74.Your vessel has a midships engine room and the cargo is concentrated in the end holds．The vessel is ______．

A．sagging with tensile stress on main deck B．sagging with compressive stress on main deck C．hogging with tensile stress on main deck D．hogging with compressive stress on main deck C 船舶设备

1.______ is not a proper instruction for handling hatch covers． A．not to obstruct clear fore-and-aft passageways B．not to obstruct coaming-to-bulwark passageways C．to be lashed or otherwise secured to prevent accidental dislodgement D．to be laid on their sides

D 2.______ is not a proper instruction for laying hatch beams． A．to be laid on their sides B．to be stood on edge close together C．be lashed D．be covered D 3.A deck beam does NOT ______．

A．act as a beam to support vertical deck loads B．lessen the longitudinal stiffness of the vessel C．act as a tie to keep the sides of the ship in place D．act as a web to prevent plate wrinkling due to twisting action on the vessel B 4.A fuel-air mixture below the lower explosive limit is too ______． A．Rich to burn B．Lean to burn C．Cool to burn D．Dense to burn B 5.A person may operate an air compressor in which of the following areas on board a tank barge ________． A．Pumproom B．Generator room C．A space adjacent to a cargo tank D．A space two meters from a cargo valve B 6.A safe fuel system must ______． A．Prevent engine overheating B．Have proper air/gasoline fuel mixture ratio C．Be liquid-and vapor-tight D．Supply sufficient air to the intake manifold C 7.A towing vessel's capability is BEST measured by horsepower，bollard pull，maneuverability and ______． A．displacement B．stability C．towrope pull D．propeller design A 8.A VLCC（100，000 DWT+）with a 30，000 Shaft Horsepower Steam Turbine is slow to respond to engine movements and has less stopping power than normal ships because it has a ______． A．Bigger propeller B．Smaller power weight ratio

C．Smaller propeller D．Larger power weight ratio B 9.A whipping is ______． A．a messenger B．a stopper for nylon line C．a U-bolt for securing a cargo whip to the winch drum D．turns of twine around a rope end D 10.A whipping on a fiber line ______． A．keeps the ends from fraying B．strengthens it C．protects your hands D．becomes part of a splice A 11.All diesel engines are classified as ______．

A．Four cycle

B．Compression ignition C．Vacuum ignition

D．External combustion B 12.All echo-sounders can measure the ______． A．Actual depth of water B．Actual depth of water below keel C．Average depth from waterline to hard bottom D．Average depth of water to soft bottom B 13.All marine low-speed diesels are of what design ________． A．Four-stroke

B．Two-stroke C．Electronic ignition

D．Forced exhaust B 14.All of the following steps are taken in starting a centrifugal pump，EXCEPT to ______．

A．Set the relief valve B．Check the lubrication system C．Vent the pump casing D．Open the pump suction and discharge valves A 15.An anchor winch should be equipped with mechanical brakes capable of holding ______．

A．half the breaking strength of the mooring line B．the full breaking strength of the mooring line C．the maximum expected tension of the mooring line D．50% over the working tension of the mooring line B 16.An example of a messenger is a ______．

A．fairlead B．heaving line C．stay D．warp B 17.An example of a modern anchor which has a stock is a（n）______． A．Articulated anchor B．Flipper Delta anchor C．Baldt anchor D．Danforth anchor D 18.An LWT anchor often has difficulty tripping in ______． A．Sand B．Soft soil C．Stiff clay D．Heterogeneous soil B 19.Anchor shackles should have a breaking strength that is ______． A．equal to the chains they are connecting B．25% more than the chains they are connecting C．50% more than the chains they are connecting D．100% more than the chains they are connecting A 20.Anchors are prevented from running out when secured by the ______． A．Brake

B．Devil's claw

C．Pawls

D．All of the above D 21.Any hatch beam or pontoon left in place next to an open hatch section being worked shall be ______ or otherwise secured，so that it cannot be accidentally displaced．

A．tommed down B．braced C．locked D．chopped C 22.Because of ______，air ducts used aboard ships are often very small and have sharp curves and bends． A．high level B．overflow spaces C．cargo tank D．space constraints D 23.Centrifugal pumps have what advantage（s）over reciprocating pumps ________． A．They are less expensive B．They are smaller for equivalent pumping ability

C．They pump more cargo in less time D．All of the above D 24.Diesel engines are considered safer than gasoline engines because ______． A．They are more heavily built B．The fuel used is less volatile挥发 C．They can be easily reversed D．They operate at a lower speed B 25.Diesel engines obtain combustion air through turbo chargers，blowers，or ______． A．Air starters B．Carburetors C.Natural aspiration D．Air receivers C 26.Dual electro-hydraulic steering units usually operate ______． A．With both pumps on line at the same time B．With one pump on standby C．With the follow-up gear disconnected D．Only when the rudder is moved amidships B

第五篇：第二节原子的结构

第二节原子的结构

学习目标：1.α粒子散射实验

2.原子的核式结构

3.原子、原子核的大小

学习重点：原子的核式结构

学习难点：探究原子的核式结构

学习过程：

一、阅读教材，回答问题

1、提出原子的核式结构,发现了质子.2、提出原子葡萄干布丁模型.二、讲授新课

1、汤姆生的葡萄干布丁模型

（1）.1897年汤姆生发现电子，揭开了研究原子结构的序幕。

（2）.汤姆生的葡萄干布丁模型：

原子是一个球体，正电荷均匀地分布在整个球内，而电子像布丁中的葡萄干那样镶嵌在原子里面。

2、α粒子散射实验结构分析

3、按照汤姆生的葡萄干布丁模型，α粒子散射实验你预测的现象时什么？

4、实验观察的现象是：

5、讨论交流，进行解释，得出结论：

三、学生练习

1.卢瑟福对α粒子散射实验的解释是（）(多选)

A.使α粒子产生偏转的力主要是原子中电子对α粒子的作用力；

B.使α粒子产生偏转的力主要是库仑力；

C.原子核很小，α粒子接近它的机会很少，所以绝大多数的α粒子仍沿原来的方向前进；

D.能产生大角度偏转的α粒子是穿过原子时离原子核近的α粒子。

2.在α粒子散射实验中，如果一个α粒子跟金箔中的电子相撞，则()（双选）

A.α粒子的动能和动量几乎没有损失。

B.α粒子将损失部分动能和动量。

C.α粒子不会发生显著的偏转。

D.α粒子将发生较大角度的偏转。

3.在α粒子散射实验中，当α粒子最接近原子核时（）（双选）

A.α粒子动能最小；

B.α粒子受到的库仑力最大；

C.α粒子电势能最小；

D.α粒子动量的变化率最小。

4.如图所示卢瑟福α粒子散射实验的原子核和两个α粒子的径迹，其中可能正确的是（）

5.已知氢原子中的电子电量为ｅ，以速率ｖ在半径为ｒ的轨道上运动，求等效电流为多少？

四、课后练习

1、关于α粒子散射实验的下述说法中正确的是（）（双选）

A、在实验中观察到的现象是绝大多数α粒子穿过金箔后，仍沿原来的方向前进，少数发生了较大偏转，极少数偏转超过90，有的甚至被弹回，接近180.B、使α粒子发生明显偏转的力是来自于带正电的核及核外电子，当α粒子接近核时，是核的排斥力使α粒子发生明显的偏转，当α粒子接近电子时，是电子的吸引力使之发生明显的偏转。

C、实验表明原子的中心有一个极小的核，它占有原子体积的极小部分

D、实验表明原子中心的核带有原子的全部正电荷及全部质量。

2、在α粒子散射实验中，当α粒子最接近金核时（）（多选）

A、α粒子动能最小

B、α粒子受到的库仑力最大

C、α粒子的电势能最大

D、α粒子与金核有核力作用

3、卢瑟福的α粒子散射实验的结果（）

A、证明了质子的存在B、证明了原子核是由质子和中子组成的C、说明了原子的全部正电荷和几乎全部质量都集中在一个很小的核上

D、说明原子中的电子只能在某些不连续的轨道上运动

4、在α粒子散射实验中，如果一个α粒子跟金箔中的电子相撞，则（）

（双选）A、α粒子的动能和动量几乎没有损失

B、α粒子损失了部分的动能和动量

C、α粒子不会发生明显的偏转

D、α粒子将发生较大角度的偏转

5、原子的核式结构的实验基础（）

A、汤姆孙对电子荷质比的测定B、卢瑟福的α粒子散射实验

C、居里夫妇发现放射性元素D、查德威克发现中子

6、卢瑟福的原子核式结构理论的主要内容（）（多选）

B、原子的正电荷均匀分布在整个原子中

C、原子的全部正电荷和几乎全部质量都集中在原子核里

D、带负电的电子在核外绕核旋转

7、卢瑟福的α粒子散射实验第一次显示了（）

A、质子比电子重

B、质子的全部正电荷都集中在原子核里

C、α粒子是带正电的D、可以用人的方法产生放射性现象

8、卢瑟福对α粒子散射实验的解说是（）（多选）

A、使α粒子产生偏转的力主要是原子中的电子对α粒子的作用力

B、使α粒子产生偏转的力主要是库仑力

C、原子核很小，α粒子接近它的机会很小，所以绝大多数的α粒子仍眼原来的方向前进

D、能产生大角度偏转的α粒子是穿过原子时离原子核近的α粒子