第一篇：英语虚拟语气教案
英语（高中）虚拟语气教案
年级：高三
教师：张勇
2018年1月23日
一、教学主题：虚拟语气
二、教学内容：if引导的虚拟条件句
三、教学目标：①掌握if引导的虚拟条件句的一般形式（与现在、过去、将来 事实相反的情况）
②掌握虚拟语气中if引导的错综时间条件句 ③掌握if省略句的构成
虚拟语气的含义：虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望、猜疑、建议与事实不符的假设等等，而不表示客观存在的事实。
知识点一：表示与现在事实相反的情况
Eg: If I were you, I would take an umbrella.从例句得出相应的语法结构：
从句：If+主语+动词一般过去时（be动词用were）主句：主语+should/would/might/could+动词原形
知识点二：表示与过去事实相反的情况
Eg: If I had got there earlier, I should/would have met her.从例句得出相应的语法结构： 从句：If+主语+had+done 主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done
知识点三：表示与将来事实相反的情况
从句：①If+主语+should+动词原形
②If+主语+were to+动词原形
③If+主语+动词的过去式（be动词用were）
主句：主语+should/would/might/could+动词原形 Eg: If he should come here tomorrow, I would talk to him.If she were to be here next Monday, I would tell her about the matter.If you were there next month, we would play basketball with you.知识点四：
注意：①，错综时间条件句
含义：当条件状语从句表示的动作或行为和主句表示的动作或行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。
Eg：If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.If they had informed us, we would come here now.②，if省略句
在虚拟条件状语从句中可省略if，把were, had, should提到句首，变为倒装句式。
Eg: If he should come here tomorrow, I would talk to him.变为：Should he come here tomorrow, I would talk to him.If she were to be here next Monday, I would tell her about the matter.变为：were she to be here next Monday, I would tell her about the matter.If you were there next month, we would play basketball with you.变为：Were you there next month, we would play basketball with you.If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.Practice：习题讲练
1, If he should not ____ tomorrow, we should put off the meeting.A.has come
B.have come
C.had come
D.come 2, If they were to ____ the research next Tuesday, I would come with them.A.did
B.do
C.have done
D.had done 3, If she worked hard next month, we would improve her salary.A.works
B.have worked
C.worked
D.had worked 4, If you had listened to my advice before, you ____ better now.A.are
B.were
C.would be
D.would have been 5, Should he not ____ tomorrow, we should put off the meeting.A.has come
B.have come
C.had come
D.come 6, Were they to ____ the research next Tuesday, I would come with them.B.did
B.do
C.have done
D.had done 7, Had you listened to my advice before, you ____ better now.A.are
B.were
C.would be
D.would have been 3
第二篇：英语之虚拟语气归纳整理
高考英语之虚拟语气归纳整理
英语的动词有三种语气形式，即陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。陈述语气用来说明事实或就事实提出询问，可用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句中；祈使语气用于表示请求、命令、建议或警告等。虚拟语气是谓语动词的一种特殊形式，用来表达假设、主观愿望、猜测、建议、可能或空想等非真实情况。如：
1.虚拟语气
He is honest.他很诚实。（陈述语气）
Don‘t be late next time.下次别迟到。（祈使语气）
If I were you，I would not go.我要是你，我就不会去。（虚拟语气）I wish I had a lot of money.要是我有很多很多钱就好了。（虚拟语气）2第一类
虚拟语气在条件句中的用法：
条件句有真实条件句和虚拟条件句两种。真实条件句所表示的假设是有可能发生的，此时主句不用虚拟语气；而虚拟条件句则表示一种假想，与事实相反或不大可能会发生，此时用虚拟语气。如： If I have time，I will go.假若我有时间，我就去。（陈述语气）
If I were you，I would go.假若我是你，我就去。（虚拟语气）
条件句的谓语时态类型 主句谓语形式 例句 形式
1.If I were you, I should 动词过去式 与现在事实would/should/could/might+ V原study English.did 相反 形 2.I would certainly go if *be 多用were I had time.1.If you had taken my
advice, you would not have 动词过去完成would/should/could/might + failed in the test.式 have done 2.If I had left a little had done earlier, I would have caught the train.与过去事实相反
1.If you came tomorrow, we ①动词过去式 would have the meeting.① 与将来事实would/should/could/might + V②should +V2.If it were to rain 相反 原形 原 tomorrow, the meeting ③were + to do would be put off.③
*规律总结：从句都往过去推一个时态，如：与现在相反的if从句就用过去时；与过去相反用过去完成时（即过去的过去）
注：特别说明
1、l would/should/could/might主句谓语中的should主要用于第一人称后；would表示结果还表示过去经常常常做某事，might表示可能性，could表示能力、允许或可能性。比较：
If you tried again，you would succeed.要是你再试一试，你就会成功的。(would表结果)If you tried again，you might succeed.要是你再试一试，你可能会成功的。(might表可能)If you tried again，you could succeed.要是你再试一试，你就能成功了。(could表能力)
2、错综时间虚拟条件句 即条件从句与主句所指时间不一致，如从句指过去，而主句即指的是现在或将来，此时应根据具体的语境情况，结合上面提到的三种基本类型对时态作相应的调整：
If it had rained last night, the ground would be wet now.要是昨晚下过雨的话，现在地面就会是湿的。
You would be much better now if you had taken my advice.假若你当时听我的话，你现在就会好多了。
3、If虚拟条件句的否定（含蓄条件句）常考两个句型：If it weren’t for„和If it hadn’t been for„，其意为“若不是(有)” “要不是”。如：
If it weren’t for water, no plant could grow.要是没有水植物就无法生长。
If it hadn’t been for your assistance，we wouldn’t have succeeded.=But for your assistance，we wouldn’t have succeeded.=Without your assistance，we wouldn’t have succeeded.如果没有你的帮助，我们不会成功的。
4、If虚拟条件句的倒装形式，即把were, had, should置于句首。例：
Were I in school again(= If I were in school again), I would work harder.如果我能再上一次学，我会学习得更努力。
Had you asked me, I would have told you.(=If you had asked me,„)如果你问我，我会告诉你。
3第二类
使用虚拟语气的常见结构或从句：
1.*wish与hope接宾语从句的区别在于：hope表示一般可以实现的希望，宾语从句用陈述语气。wish表示很难或不大可能实现的希望,宾语从句用虚拟语气。试比较：
（1）We hope they will come.(We don’t know if they can come.)
（2）We wish they could come.(We know they are not coming.)我们希望他们能来。
2.if only 与 I wish一样，也用于表示与事实相反的愿望，其后所虚拟语气的时态与 wish后所接时态的情况相同：
If only she had had more courage!她再勇敢一些就好了。
If only I had listened to my parents!我要是当时听了父母的话就好了。
If only she would go with me!她要是愿意和我一道去就好了!
*if only 通常独立使用，没有主句。
3.lwould rather后句子用虚拟语气 只分现在和过去
在would rather, would sooner, would just as soon后的that从句中, 句子谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气，表示“宁愿做什么”，具体用法为：
① 一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望
I’d rather you went tomorrow(now).我宁愿你明天(现在)去。
② 用过去完成时表过去的愿望
I’d rather you hadn’t said it.我真希望你没有这样说过。
4.las if(though)从句用虚拟语气
以as if(as though)引导的方式状语从句或表语从句，有时用虚拟语气,则与wish用法相同，例： He acts as if he knew me.他显得认识我似的。
They treat me as though I were a stranger.他们待我如陌生人。
He talks as if he had been abroad.他说起话来好像曾经出过国。
注：两点说明
(1)从句所表示的内容若为事实或可能为事实，也可用陈述语气：
It looks as if we’ll be late.我们似乎要迟到了。
(2)注意 It isn’t as if„的翻译：
It isn’t as if he were poor.他不像穷的样子(或他又不穷)。
4第三类
从句中should+动词原形，should可省略
1.在 lest，for fear that(以免),in case(以防)引导的目的状语从句中的虚拟语气
She walked quietly lest she(should)wake up her roommates.她走得很轻以免吵醒她的室友。
2.表应当做 值得做 一类动词后的宾语从句
建议advise, suggest, propose, recommend命令order, command请求ask, demand, require, request指示direct督促urge提议move, vote希望desire坚持insist打算intend安排arrange 例如：
I insisted that he(should)stay.我坚持要他留下。
He urged that they go to Europe.他督促他们到欧洲去。
He suggested that we shouldleave early.他建议我们早点动身。
He ordered that it(should)be sent back.他命令把它送回去。
I ask that he leave.我要求他走开。
He requires that I(should)appear.他要求我出场。
I move that we accept the proposal.我提议通过这项提案。
He arranged that I should go abroad.他安排我去国外。
She desires that he do it.她希望他做此事。
The general directed that the prisoners should be set free.将军指示释放那些俘虏。*suggest表“暗示”insist表“坚持认为”不用虚拟语气
比较：
He insisted that Ihad read his letter.他坚持说我看过他的信。
He insisted that I should read his letter.他坚持要我看他的信。
He suggested that we(should)stay for dinner.他建议我们留下吃饭。
I suggested that you had a secret understanding with him.我觉得你与他心照不宣。
3.order,suggestion,idea,plan, proposal, advice, demand等名词后的表语从句或同位语从句 Our suggestion is that you（should）be the first to go． 我们的建议是你应该第一个去。
4.*advice, agreement, command, decision, decree, demand, determination, indication, insistence, order, preference, proposal, request, requirement, stipulation, suggestion, idea, plan, order
l “It is(was)+ 紧急 重要--带感情色彩
上述demand/suggest等动词过去分词 或
important,natural,strange ,necessary，surprised, appropriate等形容词 后的主语从句
1.It is ordered that the army(should)get there by 4 a.m.2.It is necessary that she(should)be sent there at once.注：*It is necessary，important，strange，natural，advisable, anxious, compulsory, crucial, desirable, eager, essential, fitting, imperative(绝对必要), impossible, improper,obligatory, possible, preferable, probable, recommended, urgent, vital etc.；it is a pity；It is requested/suggested/desired/proposed
第四类
It’s time后的从句用虚拟语气从句谓语通常用过去式表示(早)该干某事了
*有时也用过去进行时或“should+动词原形”(较少见，且should不能省略)
ex.It’s time we went [were going, should go].我们该走了。
It’s time I was in bed.我该上床睡了。(不用were)
It's time = It is(the very/high/right/about)time
第五类
表示祝愿话语中也可以用虚拟语气。
May godbless you.愿上帝保佑你。
May you enjoy many years of health and happiness.祝您健康长寿美满幸福。
第六类
在少数句型中，谓语用虚拟语气。
1）有that引导的句子（表示愿望或沮丧情绪）That the rain would stop.但愿雨能停下来。
2）由would that引导的句子（表示但愿）Would that he wear gone.但愿他已走掉。
3）由to think引导的句子（表示没想到）To think that I trusted him.没想到我竟然信了他。5 wish和as if
1.表示与现在事实相反的愿望
构成：主语 + wish(that)+ 从句主语 + 动词过去式（be 一律用were）
例如：I wish I knew everything in the world.我希望我知道世界上所有的事。
I wish that the experiment were a success.我希望这个实验是成功的。
We wish we had wings.我们希望有翅膀。
2.表示与过去事实相反的愿望
构成：主语 + wish(that)+ 从句主语 + would/could + have + 过去分词或had + 过去分词 例如：I wish that you had called yesterday.我希望你昨天来过。
I wish that I could have gone with you last night.我希望我昨晚能和你一起去。
I didn’t go to the party, but I do wish I had been there.我没有去参加晚会，但是我真的希望我去过那里。
3.表示将来不大可能实现的愿望
构成：主语 + wish(that)+ 从句主语 + would/should/could/might + 原形动词
例如：I wish that he could try again.我希望他能再次尝试。
I wish that someday I should live on the moon.We wish that they would come soon.II.AS IF 引出的虚拟。
As if„.表好像„„我们经常会利用一下句型来表达不能实现的虚拟状态：It is as if„„。(就好象是„„)
As if + 从句，主句。（好像„„ Sb.+ do„）表达一种假设的条件。而 As if 之后的假设内容的语法结构和wish虚拟的结构一样。
L.33 A Day to Remember 中原句，“As if this were not enough to reduce you to tears, your husband arrives.” 就利用了和现在事实相反的假设虚拟。北京新东方名师指出，要善于总结出一些学习语法的技巧，如利用对比，举例等方法进行学习。
注：Something is to happened，I'm to face it。
6注意事项
使用虚拟条件句时要注意的几点：
1．当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。如：
If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now.If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now, and you would graduate from a college in four years’ time.2．if 省略句在条件句中可省略if, 把were, had, should提到句首 , 变为倒装句式。如： If I were at school again, I would study harder.→ Were I at school again, I would study harder.If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus.→ Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus.If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.→ Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.注意：若省略的条件句中的谓语动词是否定形式时，不能用动词的缩略形式。如：我们可以说：Were it not for the expense, I would go abroad now.但不能说：Weren't it for the expense, I would go abroad now.3．用介词短语代替条件状语从句。常用的介词有with, without, but for。如：
What would you do with a million dollars?(= if you had a million dollars)
We couldn't have finished the work ahead of time without your help.(= if we hadn't got your help)
But for the rain(= If it hadn't been for the rain), we would have finished the work.4．含蓄条件句
有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件句，而通过其他手段来代替条件句。
I was ill that day.Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meet.(副词)He telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known nothing about it.(连词)
A man who stopped drinking water would be dead in about seven days.（定语从句）I might have given you more help, but I was too busy.(连词)
Everything taken into consideration, they would have raiser their output quickly.(独立主格结构)
混合型与含蓄型虚拟语气
1。混合型虚拟语气：
当虚拟条件从句与结果主语所表达的时间不一致时，被称为“混合条件句”，这种虚拟语气被称为“混合型虚拟语气”，动词的形式要根据它所表达的时间作相应调整。如：
If you had followedthe doctor's advice ,he would be all right now.(条件从句表达的时间是过去，因此用had+过去分词；主句表示的时间是现在，因此用would+动词原形)
2.含蓄型虚拟语气：
有时候，虚拟条件不是通过if引导的条件句来表示，而是暗含在上下文中
（1）.用but for、without(如果没有）等来代替条件从句，如
Without electricity human life would be quite different=If there were no electricity ,human life would be quite different
(2)用otherwise、or(or else),even though等表示与上文的情况相反，从而引出虚拟语气。如： I lost your address.Otherwise,I would have visited you long before.=I lost your address.If I hadn't lost your address ,I would have visited you long before.(3)虚拟条件通过but暗示出来。如：
He would have given you more help,but he was too busy
他本来会给你更多的帮助，但是他太忙了。也就是说，如果那时他不忙，他可以给你更多的帮助。句中but he was too busy实际上暗示了一个虚拟条件——如果那时他不忙
He would lose weight,but he eats too much
他本来可以减肥的，但是他吃的太多了。也就是说，如果他吃得不多的话，他是可以减肥的。句中的but he eats too much实际上暗示了一个虚拟条件——如果他吃得不多
第三篇：虚拟语气教案
虚拟语气Ⅱ教学案
于亚东
虚拟语气除主要用于条件句（也就是状语从句）外，还可用于主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、定语从句等。
1.虚拟语气在主语从句中的应用
“常用在It is(was)+形容词 / 过去分词+that引导的主语从句”的句型中的主语从句要用虚拟语气。主语从句的谓语用should+动词原形(或should+have+过去分词)或只用动词原形(尤其是美国英语)。should在此是助动词，本身并无实义，这种主语从句中的should有时有感情色彩。
It's important that we（should）work out a plan.（带有“要求”的含义）
It's better that he go at once.（带有“建议”的意思）
☆ 用于本句型的形容词并不多，常见形容词有：necessary，important，best, right, impossible，preferable，desirable, imperative, advisable，essential，reserved，urgent，等。
It is necessary that he（should）be sent there at once．
It's strange that he should say so.I was glad that he should go.It is important that we should speak politely.It is a pity that she should fare so badly.It's right that you should think that way.☆ 用于本句型中的过去分词就是表示提议、要求、命令等动词的过去分词，如suggested，settled, required，requested，demanded，urged，decided, proposed，ordered，desired，advised等。
It is requested that Professor Liu（should）give us a lecture．
It is desired that we（should）get everything ready by tonight．
I’m ashamed you should have done such a thing.It has been suggested that the meeting（should）be put off．有人建议推迟会议。
It is settled that you leave us, then?
注意：这种句型中的主语从句也可用陈述语气，如：It was important that he made an explicit statement on this score last week.他上个星期对于这一方面做了明确的说明，这是很重要的。
2.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用
1).宾语从句在表示提议、要求、命令、意志等动词后，其谓语用should+动词原形或只用动词原形的虚拟语气，作为suggest，request，demand，urge，propose，prefer，advise，insist，require，order，command，maintain，ask，object, arrange, desire等动词的宾语。
如：
The doctor suggested that he not go there．医生建议他不要去那里。
He suggested that we should leave early.他建议我们早点动身。
The judge ordered that the prisoner should be remanded.法官命令被告还押。
2).wish的宾语的从句，表示愿望，常省去连词that。
☆ 从句的谓语动词可用过去式，表示现在的愿望（与现在事实相反），虽实现的可能性不大，但仍有实现的可能。
I wish it were true．我但愿这是真的。
☆ 从句的谓语动词还可用“could（would，might）+动词原形”用来表示将来的愿望
I wish you would stay a little longer.我希望你再待一会儿。
☆ 表示无能为力的过去愿望（与过去事实相反），可用“had +过去分词”或“could（would，might）+have+过去分词”
I wish you had called yesterday．我希望你昨天来过电话。
We wish you had come to our New Year’s party.我们真希望你来参加了我们的新年联欢会。
3).would rather, would sooner等表示愿望，其宾语从句常用虚拟过去式。
☆ 表示与现在和将来含义事实相反的虚拟语气要用动词的过去式
☆ 用过去完成式(had + 过去分词)表示过去事实相反的含义
I would rather you came tomorrow.我宁愿你明天来。
I’d sooner she left the heavy end of the work to some one else.我宁愿她把重活留给别人。
4).有些动词，如think, expect, believe,其否定式的宾语从句亦可用should+动词原形。如：
I never thought he should refuse.我万没有想到他会拒绝。
She did not expect that you should come.她没有预料你会来。
3.虚拟语气在表语从句中的应用
名词suggestion，proposal，order，advice，demand等作主语，其后的表语从句中的谓语动词一般使用虚拟语气，用should +动词原形或省略should。
My suggestion is that we(should)send a few soldiers to help them.我的建议是我们应派几个战士去增援他们。
My advice is that you(should)treat her well.我的忠告是你应该善待她。
He makes the demand that she(should)leave the place at once.他提出一个要求，要求她立刻离开这个地方。
My suggestion is that we should tell him.我的建议是我们应该告诉他。
Our only request is that this should be settled as soon as possible.我们唯一的请求就是尽快解决这个问题。
注意：虚拟语气也可以用于同位语从句。
如：
There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team.有一项建议是布朗应该离队。
4.虚拟语气在定语从句中的应用
常用在It is time(that)…句型中，定语从句常用虚拟过去式
It is time the children went to bed.孩子们早该上床睡觉了。（表示催促）
It's high time that he began to think how to deal with money.他早该开始考虑如何与钱打交道。
It is time we left.我们该走了。
It is time we went to bed.我们该去睡觉了。
5.虚拟式动词原形亦常用在独立句中，表愿望
Long live the Communist Party of China！中国共产党万岁！
God bless you!上帝保佑你。
God damn it!该死的！
The devil take you!见鬼去吧！
So be it then.就那样吧。
6.虚拟时态与谓语动词时态的关系：从句中的虚拟时态往往不受全句谓语时态的影响。
1)用于主语从句。试比较：
It is important that he should know about this.他必须知道此事。
It was important that he should know about this.他必须知道此事。
2)用于宾语从句。试比较：
I suggest that we should go tomorrow.我建议我们明天走。
I suggested that we should go the next day.我建议我们第二天走。
She said, “If I were a boy I would join the army.”她说，“我如是男孩，就参军。”
She said that if she were a boy, she would join the army.她说她如是男孩就参军。
但强调现在时刻的虚拟式在间接引语中需要遵守时态一致的原则。试比较：
“If I knew how it worked, I could tell you what to do,” he said.“假如我知道它是如何运行的话，我就会告诉你该怎么办，”他说道。
He said that if he had known how it worked he could have told me what to do.他说假如他知道它是如何运行的话，他就会告诉我该怎么办。
“If I knew the answer to all your questions I'd be a genius,” he said.“我如知道你所有问题的答案，我就是天才了。”他说道。
He said that if he knew the answer to all my questions, he’d be a genius.他说他如知道我所有问题的答案，他就是天才了。
但如果全句谓语是虚拟语气，其后从句的时态则多受其影响，现在时态应随之而变为过去时态。
如：
I would think he was wrong.我看他是错了。(须用was,试比较：I think he is wrong)
It would seem that she was right.她似乎是对的。(须用was,试比较：It seems that she is right)
专项练习：
1．His doctor suggested that he ______ a short leave of absence．
A．will take
B．would take
C．take
D．took
2．The job would require that ______ at 7 o'clock every morning．
A．he will be at the factory
B．he be at the factory
C．he was at the factory
D．he has been at the factory
3．Your advice that she ______ till next week is reasonable．
A．will wait
B．is going to wait
C．waits
D．wait
4．The housemaster was strict．He requested that we ______ television on week nights．
A．not watch
B．must not to watch
C．not be watching
D．have not watched
5．It is necessary that a worker ______ his work on time．
A．accomplishes
B．can accomplish
C．accomplish
D．has accomplished
6．It is important that he ______ his decision before Friday．
A．will make
B．makes
C．make
D．must make
7．You look so tired.It's time you ______ ．
A．go to sleep
B．went to sleep
C．go to bed
D．went to bed
8．I'd rather you ______ anything about it for the time being．
A．do
B．didn't do
C．don't
D．didn't
9．But for water，it ______ impossible to live in the desert．
A．is
B．was
C．were
D．wouldn't be
10． ______ it______ for your help，I couldn't have made any progress．
A．Had；not been
B．Should；not been
C．Did；not been
D．Not；be
11．Long ______ the Party！
A．lives
B．live
C．will live
D．should live
12．Mary insisted that Tom ______ her the ring back．
A．gives
B．give
C．given
D．have given
13．My suggestion was that the meeting ______ off till next week．
A．to put
B．be put C．should put
D．be putting 14．Mother suggested that I ______ my homework first before watching TV．
A．did
B．do
C．shall do
D．have done 15．He insisted that nothing ______ till he arrived.A．must be started
B．ought to be started
C．could be started
D．should be started
16．Tom suggests that Ann ______ the house.A．can sell
B．sells
C．sell
D．sold
17．It's better that he ______ it from you.A．'ll hear
B．hears
C．should hear
D．heard
18．It was necessary that he ______ about what had happened.A．be told
B．was told
C．should tell
D．tell
19．It's astonishing that she ______ sad at news that it has nothing to do with her.A．felt
B．should feel
C．'ll feel
D．would feel
20．It was strange that we ______ short of water in the country where it was always raining.A．are
B．be
C．should be
D．both B and C
21．It is strange that she ______ marry such an ugly man.A．would
B．should
C．shall
D．must 22．It's not right that the meeting ______ off till tomorrow.A．must be put
B．must put
C．will be put
D．be put
23．It was impossible that he ______ the train, for he had started out very early.A．could have missed
B．must have missed
C．should have missed
D．should miss
24．It's a pity that he ______ such a good chance.A．should miss B．should have missed C．has missed D．all the above 25．He tried to find some excuse for the debt, but I insisted that he ______ it off at once.A．must pay
B．ought to pay
C．paid
D．pay
26．Mr.Ford insisted that he ______ right, though the others didn't think so.A．should do
B．should have done
C．had done
D．did
27．His pale face suggested that he ______ the sad news.A．should be told
B．should have been told
C．was told
D．had been told
28．He suggested that we ______ here at once.A．should leave
B．must leave
C．left
D．ought to leave
29．My order is that everyone ______ their own work in time.A．must complete
B．completed
C．completes
D．complete
30．We've made the decision that we ______ at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning.A．will gather
B．are about to gather
C．would gather
D．should gather
31．----I'll be waiting for you at home.----______ I were busy and couldn't come?
A．What if
B．What when
C． How if
D．How when
32．After he was praised for what he had done, he said，“I ______ even better under harder conditions.”
A．would do
B．would have done
C．did
D．had done
33．It has been raining for a day, but even though it ______ , we ______ there by tomorrow.A．hadn't rained, couldn't get
B．hadn't rained, can't get
C．didn't rain, couldn't get
D．didn't rain, can't get
34．We could not have succeeded ______ your help.A．but for
B．without
C．if it had not been for
D．all the above
35．I dare say he is not your true friend, because a true friend ______ differently when you were in trouble.A．acted
B．had acted
C．would act
D．would have acted
参考答案：
1．C 2．B 3．D
4．A 5．C
6．C 7．D 8．B
9．D 10．A
11．B 12．B
13．B 14．B
15． D insist作“要求别人做某事”解，其宾语从句用should型虚拟语气。
16． C 这种should型虚拟语气，有时可将should省略，因此，C项的sell不能有人称变化。
17．C 本句话有“要求”的意思，故选C。
18． A C、D为主动，在此不妥。
19． B 选B表示了说话人带有一种十分惊讶的感情，选A项与she的人称不相一致，是错的。参见本章语法说明。
20． D
21．B should带有感情色彩。
22．D 本句带有要求之意，故从句谓语用should型虚拟语气。D项中的should被省略。
23．C 本句带有惊讶之意，故从句须用should型虚拟语气。但由于是过去的事情所产生的惊讶，所以用should+不定式完成式。
24．D 如选A，这表达了说话人对将来的事所发出的感叹，选B则是对已经过去的事情的感叹。选C则是一个直陈语气，即说话人对此并不一定感到十分惋惜，而是对此事的陈述。
25．D insist在作“坚持要求别人做某事”时，需要用should型虚拟语气，should也可以省略。
26．C insist在作“坚持自己的观点、看法等”解时，不需要用虚拟语气，所以A、B两项用在此处不当。D项时态不准确，故也应排除。
27．D suggest作建议解时，后接了should型虚拟语气，但在本句中作“表明”解，这时不用虚拟语气，A、B两项都应排除，C项时态不当。
28．A 在本句中suggest作“建议”解，故选A。
29．D “建议”、“命令”、“要求”等动词的名词形式做主语时，其表语从句也须用should型虚拟语气，本句中的should被省略。
30．D “建议”、“命令”、“要求”等动词的名词形式做主语时，后接同位语从句时也须should型虚拟语气。
31．A What if…？常用于省略疑问句，既可以用于虚拟语气，也可用于直陈语气。本句不省略的形式为What would you do if。
32．B 本句的under引出一个非真实的条件，当然也可以是真实条件。根据上下文，应理解为与过去事实相反，故其谓语动词用would have done。
33．B even though=even if意为“即使”。它同if一样可以引出一个真实的让步从句，也可以引出一个非真实的让步从句。根据上文，even though是一个非真实的与过去事实相反的让步从句。而主句we can't get there却是一个真实的情况。
34．D
35．D 从全句的意思分析，a true friend-differently实际上是指一种假设，而when引导的从句又告诉我们，这是一个与过去事实相反的假设，故用would have acted。
第四篇：英语选修6虚拟语气
The Subjunctive Mood虚拟语气(必修6)
Teaching goals 教学目标
1.Target language 目标语言
a.重点词汇和短语
wish， aggressive, scholar, in the flesh
b.重点句式
I wish...were / did...If...were / did...,...would / could / should / might do...2.Ability goals能力目标
Enable the students to use the subjunctive mood correctly in different situations.3.moral goals 情感目标
Enable the students to use the subjunctive mood to express their emotion Teaching important and difficult points 教学重难点
Enable the students to use the correct form of the subjunctive mood.Teaching methods教学方法
Summarizing;comparative method;practicing activities.Teaching aids教具准备
A projector and a blackboard.Teaching procedures & ways 教学过程与方式
Step ⅠPresentation
At first, give the students an example to present what the subjunctive mood is andin what situations we should use the subjunctive mood.Then, show them the sentence structures of the subjunctive mood.T: Now please listen to the following example: Suppose I’m a basketball fan, Yao1
Ming is coming here to play a basketball game this evening.But unfortunately, I haven’t got a ticket for it.I feel sorry about that and what should I say in this situation? Iwill say: I wish I watched the basketball game./ If I had got a ticket, I would go to watch the basketball game.Have you ever heard such kind of sentences?
Ss: Yes.They use the subjunctive mood.T: Then do you know what is the subjunctive mood and in what situations weshould use the subjunctive mood?
S: The subjunctive mood is used when we want to express a wish, request,recommendation or report of a command.S: Also, the subjunctive mood is used to express something that is contrary to thefact, highly unlikely or doubtful.T: Exactly.How can we show our feelings in such situations? We can use the following two sentence structures to express our regretting.1.Subject + wish + Object Clause
Time Verb Object clause
now： wish would do / could do / were / did
past： wished had been / done
future： wish would do / could do / were / did
2.“If” clause..., main clause...Time Verb Main clause
now： were / did Would / could / should / might do
past： had done Would / could / should / might have done
future： were / did Would / could / should / might do
Samples:
Fact Request Subjunctive mood
not getting a ticket(If I got a ticket,)watch the game(I could watch the game.)I wish I watched the basketball games.not having wings(If I had wings,)fly in the sky(I could fly in the sky.)I would flyfreely in the sky.not having enough money(If I had enough money,)buy a new computer(I couldbuy a new computer.)I could buy a new computer.Step Ⅱ Practice
First, show the students some more situations.Then raise some questions and askthem to discuss them according to the situations in groups of four, using thesubjunctive mood.At last, get them to show their sentences.T: Now I’d like to give you some more situations.Please discuss how to answer thequestions using the subjunctive mood in groups of four.Show them on the screen.1.Helen has been living with AIDS for many years.Now she is celebrating her
birthday with her friends.If you were Helen, what kind of wishes would you make?
2.It is said that a falling star can let your dreams come true.If you saw a fallingstar, what kind ofwishes would you make?
3.Besides a falling star, a magic lamp can also let your dreams come true.If youhad a magic lamp, what would you ask it to do for you?
After discussion
T: All right, now who would like to be volunteers to speak out your wishes?Ss: If I were Helen, I would ask for living longer / follow the doctors’ advice.(I wish I had a longer life / I followed the doctors’ advice.)
If I saw a falling star, I would promise to have a flourish future./ I would promise
to make my parents happy forever.(I wish I would have a flourish future / make my parents happy forever.)
If I had a magic lamp, I would ask it help the poor / I would ask it to bring peace tothe whole world.(I wish it could help the poor / bring peace to the whole world.)
Step Ⅲ Consolidation
Ask the students to do Exercises 1 ＆ 2 in Discovering useful structures on page 4and Exercises 1-4 in USING STRUCTURES on page 43.Then check the answers.Step ⅣHomework
Write five sentences by using the subjunctive mood
第五篇：英语虚拟语气教学设计
2011——2012年第一学期期末语法课考试题型
I.Clause Elements(10 points)
Read the sentences and analyse the clause elements in each of them.Use the letters S,V,O,C and A to represent the various elements:
Subject
(S)Verb
(V)Object
(O)Complement
(C)Adverbial
(A)
The first sentence is an example.David Livingstone | lived | in Africa | for more than ten years.S
V
A
A
II.Blank Filling(20 points)Fill in the blank with the verb given in the parentheses.III.Multiple Choice(20 points)There are twenty incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence.Mark your answer in the numbered squares below.IV.Blank Filling(10 points)Fill in the blanks in the following short passage, using appropriate articles or other determiners.V.Error Correction(10 points)This is a composition written by a 13-year-old student.Correct the grammatical errors in the following composition.Write the corrected version below.VI.Translation(20 points)A.Translate the following sentences into English.(2 points each)
B.Translate the following sentences into Chinese.(3 points each)
VII.Statement, Question, Command, Exclamation(10 point)Read the following headlines taken from newspapers.The punctuation marks have been left out.After each headline, write in the blank the type of communicative function they serve: Statement, Question, Command or Exclamation.
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