新目标英语八年级下册第四单元总结

第一篇：新目标英语八年级下册第四单元总结

第四单元总结

单词部分：madbe mad at..对。生气 be angry with 生。。气着个短语意义相同

Be mad about…对某事生气 或者生某事的气

Get mad at。。变的对。生气notany more(not…any longer)不再。。该格式只适用于否定句

She won’t come any more(any longer)

She isn’t a student any more(any longer)

No longer 不再。用于肯定句 位置在动词之前be动词之后

She won’t come any more=she no longer comes

She isn’t a student any longer=she is no longer a student.first of all =at first 首先massage leave a message for sb 给某人留个口信或者信息

Get a message to do 收到一个做。。的信息

Pass a message to sb 给某人传递一个信息

Give sb a message =give a message to sb 给某人个信息（口信）

Here is a message for you 这里有你的口信pass on 传递 Would you pass it on to the next person?

注意pass on 的宾语是代词时候要放在on的前面 名词放在on的后面Would you please pass on the book to me ?suppose 认为 假设 If you suppose yourself to study hard ,you will pass this exam.Be supposed to do = should 应当。。应该。。是一种假设的情况，往往与实际不符She was supposed to come yesterday, but she was ill.You are supposed to ask our teacher if you want to get home a little earlier.短语多用于过去式和一般现在 表示对过去发生的事情的另一种推测在一般现在时中可以与should 互换 you are supposed not to talk in class=You shouldn’t talk in class.背诵这句话 7 do well in 在。（方面）做的好 in后面接名词或者动名词

She does well in singing and I do well in dancing.They do well in English.in good health(in 表示在某种状态下，in danger 在危险当中)(stay healthy;keep healthy保持健康 healthy 是health的形容词)We must be in good healthShe is in dangerget report card 拿到（得到）成绩单true形容词表示事件本身的真实性即使真与假，Is the joke that she said true ?她讲的笑话是 The news is true.这个消息是真的。

This is a true story.这是一个真实的故事。

a movie wrote on a true story 一个以真实故事为背景的影片true多表示思维的“物质” real形容词 I' m learning to skate on real ice 我在真冰上学习滑冰

These flowers aren’treal 这些花不是真的This cup is made of paper , so it isn’t real

True表示的是思维方面的东西的真实性 而 real则表示的物质方面指实物的真实性 Really 副词 She really came that day.她那天真地来了

I was really hard-working but I got a disappointing reported card我真地努力学习了但是却得到了一个沮丧的成绩get nervous 变得不安 get disappointing 变得扫兴（disappoint vt使。。扫兴）Her words disappointed us very much 她的话使我们非常扫兴。lucky luck---lucky---luckily=fortunatelycopy one’s homework 抄某人的作业，copy new words 抄新词get over 克服You must get over all of difficult to finish your jobas a volunteer teacher 16 the Ministry of Education 17 Chinese Young Pioneerthin---thinner---thinnestdecision 是动词decide 的名词形式 decision of ….一个。。决定

come to a decision做出决定 arrive at a decision做出决定

reach a decision做出决定make a decision决定下来, 做出决定;下决心 decide to do决定做。。When will you decide to leave ?open up one’s eyes 开眼界 开拓视野 21 the outside world 外面的世界start a good habit 养成一个好的习惯have a bad habit 有一个不良的习惯

23a habit of…(of后面接名词或者动名词)一个。。习惯或者嗜好

She started a habit of running from a young age她从小养成了跑步的习惯influencebe a good influence in one’s life 在某人的生活中起到一个好的影响 25 enjoy one’s time = have a good timereturn to …= come back to…回到。。复习return sth to sb 把。还给。

Borrow sth from …从。。借。。

短语部分：happen on sth发生在某事（上面）Do you know what will happen on the soap operas ?Happen to sb发生在某人（身上）Do you know what happened to him yesterday ? 28 bring 带来（指带着向说话者而来）

Please bring back my book!请把我的书带（回）来

Can you bring some bread to my house ? 你能带些面包来我家吗？

She brought lots of questions 她带来了许多问题

Take 表示拿走

Don’t take away my books 不要拿走我的书。表示拿着离开说话者

注意 take away 中的away是副词所以其后面的宾语若是代词应放在away的和take 中间 Take it away ,pleasehave a party for sb 给（为）某人举行舞会

Do you know who we would have this party for ?你直到我们将要为谁举行的舞会吗？ 30 speak three languages 讲三门语言 31 an exciting week 一个轻松的星期

call everyone 给每一个人打电话 33 be in = be at home 在家（这里是be 动词短语）34 do a homework project 做课外作业 这里的“课外作业多数用单数”而homework则是不可数名词

work on。。从事。。She is working on a mathproblem 她正在做一道数学题

be good at = do well in在。做的好（擅长于。）这里的good或者well都可以用比较或者最高级 be better at 更擅长。be best at…最擅长于。。do better in 在，做得较好 Do best in 在。做的最好

be hard-work努力工作 或者 学习努力 be lazy 懒惰，38 How is it going ? 进行地如何 ? How do you think about it ?=What do you think of it ? 39 be sorry to do 遗憾。.I am sorry to hear that

have a cold 41 Things are fine 一切都好

finish my end-of-exams 完成期末考试finish表示结束或者完成 其后可接名词或者动名词 finish one’s homework 做完家庭作业，finish high school 高中毕业

be surprised at..对。吃惊（惊奇）be surprised to do惊奇（惊讶）。。

Why are you surprised at what she said ? 你为什么对她说的惊讶？

I was surprised to see him in the street last Sunday.上个星期天我吃惊的在街上看到他 44 find sb(sth)+形容词或者动名词 表示发现某人（某物）怎么。

She found her dog fatter(running away)她发现她的够比较胖（跑开了）

Find it 形容词 to do 发现做。怎么。

Do you find it hard to study math ? 你发现学数学难吗？45 in history在历史

disappointing 令人失望的（动词 disappoint 使。。失望）this is a disappointing resultShe disappointed us very much 她令我们非常失望

for now 现在（到现在为止）I have enough money to buy a car for now.48 send one’s love to sb给某人到好(问候)Please send my love to your parents

How was your report ？ 你的成绩如何？

have a fight 发生一场战争（打架;吵架）复习have a argument with 与，争吵 51 forget __ forgot ___ forgotten.Forget to do。。忘记做。。

复习It is + 形容词（for sb）to do做。。怎么。。

It was very late for him to get home 回家对他而言非常晚了

It is very difficult to study English

be sure to do确定做。。be sure that…

Are you sure to believe in him ? 你确信相信他吗？

I’m not sure that They will come next week.我不确定他们下个星期来。

change 改变 更改 Don’t change your mind!不要改变你的主意。

in a poor mountain village 在一个贫穷的山区村庄

sound like听起像。。Her songs sound like a bird.Your idea sound like a good idea.57 as 介词 作为。。You are here as a student.I am working here as a teacher

be started by sb由。开通（启动）Our school sports meeting was started by our master 59 the Ministry Of Education60Chinese Young Pioneer

send 派遣We will send three teachers to work in the poor rural areas我们讲派遣三名教师到贫穷农村工作 We will send her to Shanghai next week.我们下个星期将派遣她到上海 Be sent to do被派遣做。。be sent to..(地点)被派往。。

life of sb 谁的生活 the life of Tomlife + 介词短语 表示 哪里的生活life in the mountains 在山里的生活

above在。。上方。There is a bird above us

feel + 形容词 表示感觉。。feel sick(sorry ,happy, disappointingnervous)

agree with同意。。66 both …and…..两者都。。其否定格式是 neither….nor… Both boys and girls will go fishing = Neither boys nor girls will go fishing.67 need to do 需要做。You need to study more harder 你需要更加努力学习

difference between….and…..。。和。。之间的不同 be different from 不同于。。69 be able to do会（能）做。can 只能用于一般现在时或者一般过去时 be able to do 可以用于任何时态 其不同时的格式是1 一般现在时 ：(is am are)able to do

过去时 was were able to do 将来时 will be able to do

have money for sth 有钱为。。（做）I don’t have enough money for this clothes71 I can’t do anything about that.72 open up one’s eyes 73 the outside world 74 a good start 一个好的开始75 like doing喜欢干。。

enjoy one;s time =have a good timeenjoy + 自身代词 表示自娱自乐（开心）Enjoy yourself

care for….照顾 照料 看护=take care of = look after …

wild animals野生动物

第二篇：新目标八年级英语上册第四单元教案

Unit4 How do you get to school？

Section A（1a-1c）教学设计

Unit4 How do you get to school？

Section A（1a-1c）教案

Part1 Analysis of the teaching material

本单元中心话题是“transportation”，核心内容是用英语询问及回答“运用某种交通工具去某地”的表达法。此话题贴近学生的日常生活，能激发学生的学习兴趣，锻炼口语。作为本单元的第一课，它集中体现了该单元的重点词汇和目标语言，学生学好它能为后面的学习和语言交际扫清障碍，从而树立继续学习的自信心 Part2 Analysis of the students

八年级的学生经过一年多的英语学习，新鲜感减少，畏惧感增加，但学生已具有一定的英语综合能力，也积累了一定的英语词汇量，如相关的交通工具名称。Part3 Teaching aims

1知识目标（1）学习单词take, subway,train,ride等

（2）学会谈论、描述交通方式

（3）掌握 How引导的特殊疑问句句型, 要求学生掌握好助动词do在不同人称特别是第三人称单数后的变化

2能力目标 提高学生的听说读写能力

3情感态度目标 学会合理选用交通工具，并了解他人的喜好，增进情谊。

Part 4 Difficult and important points How do you get to school? I take the …/ride …/ walk…

How does she get to ……?

She takes the…/rides…/walks… Part 5 Teaching aids.A tape recorder, cards and multi-media computer

Part 6 Teaching procedures.Step1 Lead-in

Do you know the train crash on July 23 in Wenzhou?So many of us don’t believe in this way of transportation now.Can you tell me other ways of transportation? Step2 Presentation(1)Show

pictures

on

the

screen

and teach:subway ,train ,ship, plane, take the train，ride the bike….(设计意图:让学生积极主动的思考想象总结，多媒体增加趣味性，加强直观性，效果事半功倍)(2)通过多媒体呈现目标语言,并引导学生试着问和回答: －How do you get to school? －I ride my bike.－How do they get to school? －They take the subwaytrainbus.－How does heshe get to school? －HeShe walks.（设计意图:整体呈现新知,让学生感知新知,为下一步的语言交际打好基础.）(3)看图对话

通过多媒体呈现多幅学生上学所乘坐交通工具的图画, such as “Mike/ bike” ,让学生俩俩对话

S1:How does Mike get to school?

S2:He rides his bike.(设计意图:通过示图训练对话，提高积极主动性，将英语用于生活,并注意do在第三人称后的变化。)Step3 Listening Listen to the tape twice ,and try to match them.1 Bob

take the subway 2 Mary

take the train 3 Paul

walk 4 Yang Lan take the bus 5 John Listen again and try to finish 1b, then discuss the answers.(设计意图:听力由易到难，由浅入深，层次明朗，训练听力好方法)

Step4 Homework Make a survy.Interview your classmates or family members about „How do you go to school/work” and give a report the next day.(锻炼学生书面表达能力及口语)

第三篇：改版后新目标七年级下册第四单元英语知识点总结

新目标七年级下册英语知识点总结

Unit4 Don’t eat in class!

一、词组、短语

1.祈使句是指动词原形开头，表达命令或祈求的句子。其否定句是在句首加don’t构成。2.arrive 到达，抵达

arrive at + 小地点

arrive at school 到达学校 arrive in + 大地点 arrive in Beijing 到达北京

get to + 地点 get to Beijing 到达北京 get home 到家 get there 到那儿

reach + 地点

reach Beijing 到达北京

reach home 到家

get、arrive后接副词是，介词省略。3.be late for + 名词

„„迟到

He was late for school.他上学迟到了。4.outside(外面)----inside(里面)5.dining hall 餐厅，饭厅

6.in /at school 在上学，在求学

in the school 在学校里 7.have to do sth不得不做某事 8.on school nights 上课期间的晚上

9.too many + 可数名词

“太多” too many books 太多的书

too much + 不可数名词“太多” too much homework 太多的家庭作业 10.No smoking!= Don’t smoke!请勿吸烟！

No food!= Don’t eat food!禁止吃东西！

No + 名词（短语）或动词-ing形式，表示“不许，不可，不能” 11.later 后来，以后

12.by “在„„.以前，到„„为止”

I should finished homework by tomorrow.在明天之前我应该把作业做完。13.be in bed “睡觉，卧床”in bed

“卧病在床” in the bed “在床上” go to bed “上床睡觉”强调动作

二、重点句型

1.Don’t arrive late for school＝Don’t be late for school

2.Don’t fight 3.Don’t listen to music in the classroom.4.Don’t run in the hallways5.Don’t smoke.It’s bad for your health.6.Don’t play cards in school7.Don’t talk in class8.Don’t watch TV on school nights.9.Don’t sleep in class.10.Don’t play sports in the classrooms.11.Don’t sing songs at night.12.Don’t talk when you eat.13.Don’t wear hats in class.14.Do homework by 10:00.15.Clean your house!16.Make the bed.17.Can we ……?

Yes ,we can.No, we can’t.Eg: Can we arrive late for class ? No, we can’t.We can’t arrive late for class.18.Do you have to wash your clothes?

Yes, I do./No, I don’t.三、重点句子

1.Don’t arrive late for class.2.Don’t run in the hallways.3.Don’t eat in the classrooms.4.Don’t listen to music in the classrooms or the hallways.5.Don’t fight.6.What are the rules?7.Can we listen to music? 8.Do you have to wear a uniform at school?9.What else do you have to do ? 10.Don’t go out on school night.11.Practice your guitar every day.12.I have too many rules in my family.13.I can’t meet my friends after school because I have to do my homeworkl 14.I have to be in bed by ten O’clock.15.I have to help my Mom make dinner.16.Later , I have to go to the Children’s Palace to learn the piano.17.I never have any fun, what can I do?

四、重难点精析

祈使句

通常用来表示命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告等语气。它的主语you(听话人)通常省略。其构成通常有以下几种形式。

1)Be型（即系动词原型be+表语＋其他）。如：Be quiet,please.否定句Don’t + be+表语+其他。如：Don’t be angry.2)Do型（即系动词原形＋宾语＋其他）。如： Open you books,please.否定句Don’t +实义动词原形+宾语+其他。如：Don’t eat in the classroom.3)Let型（即Let+宾语+动词原形+其他）如： Let me help you.Let’s go at six o’clock.否定句一般在宾语后加not。如： Let’ not watch TV.4)No+V-ing型（此种形式通常用于公共场合的提示语中，意为“禁止做某事“）如：

No smoking!严禁吸烟！No talking!不许交谈！No passing!禁止通行！No parking!不许停车

重难点解析：

1.情态动词have to 的用法，意思是“必须、不得不”，它侧重于客观上的必要和外界的权威。

（1）结构：主语＋have to＋动词原形＋其他

（一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数时，用has to；句子是过去时，用had to.）如：We have to wear sneakers for gym class.在体育课上，我们必须穿运动鞋。Tom has to practice the guitar every day.汤姆每天必须练习弹吉它。I had to get up at 5:00 am last Monday.上周一，我不得不早上5点起床。

（2）否定形式：主语＋don't have to＋动词原形＋其他

（一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数时，用doesn't have to.句子是过去时，用didn't have to）

如：Nick doesn't have to wear a uniform.尼克不必穿制服。We didn't have to do our homework at once.我们不必马上完成作业。

（3）疑问句：Do（Does或Did）＋主语＋have to ＋动词原形＋其他

如：Do you have to stay at home on weekends? 周末你必须呆在家里吗？Yes, I do./ No, I don't.是的，我必须.不，我不必。Did he have to go to bed by 11:00 last night? 昨晚，他不得不11点前上床睡觉吗？

2.情态动词can的用法

（1）表示能力，“会”“能”（在第一册中已经学习这种用法）

Can you play the guitar? 你会弹吉它吗？Judy can speak a little Chinese.朱蒂会说一点中文。I can dance and sing.我能唱歌又能跳舞。

（2）表示允许、许可，“可以”、“能”（在这一课中新学的词义）

Can the students run in the hallways? 学生们可以在走廊上跑吗？We can eat outside.我们可以在外面吃东西。Can I come in? 我能进来吗？

注意：同样是情态动词，can 和have to 的用法是有区别的，和大部分情态动词一样，can在否定句中，直接在can后加上not，在疑问句中，把can放到主语前面，并且没有人称和数的变化。

3.hear，listen和sound都有“听”的意思，但三者是有区别的。（1）hear“听说”，侧重于“听”的内容

I'm sorry to hear that you are ill.听说你生病了，我很难过。

I never heard such an interesting story.我从来没听过这么有趣的一个故事。（2）listen“听”侧重于“听”这一动作。Listen to me carefully.认真听我说。The children like to listen to music.孩子们喜欢听音乐。

（3）sound“听起来”，它是系动词，后面接形容词等。That sounds great.那听起来真不错。It sounds like fun.听起来挺有趣。

4.be in bed “在床上、卧床”in 和bed之间不能用冠词，bed也不用复数。

He is in bed for 10 years.他卧床10年了。Dave has to be in bed early every night.大卫每晚必须很早睡觉。

5.arrive late for 与be late for 意思相近

“迟到”Don't arrive（be）late for school.上学别迟到。I arrived（was）late for the meeting yesterday.我昨天开会迟到了。

6.No talking!“禁止交谈！” no后面加上名词或动名词（doing）也表示不要做某事。与don't +do的用法相似。No wet umbrellas!/ Don't put wet umbrellas here!禁止放湿雨伞！

No food!Don't eat food here!禁止吃食物！No smoking!Don't smoke here!禁止吸烟！7．语法（祈使句）

祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、叮嘱、号召或者劝告等的句子，这类句子的主语常是第二人称you，也就是听话者，因而you常省去了。祈使句的开头是动词原形。

如：Look out!小心！Wait here for me!在这等我！Be sure to come here on time!务必准时来到这里！

祈使句的否定形式多以do not（常缩写成don't）开头，再加上动词原形。Don't arrive late for school.上学别迟到。Don't fight!别打架！

Don't look out of the window.不要向窗外看。

第四篇：新版八年级英语下册第四单元知识点归纳

新版八年级英语下册第四单元知识点归纳

Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?

Why don’t you talk to your parents? 你为什么不和你打父母谈谈呢？ 【解析】Why don't you do sth ?= Why not do sth? 为什么不......呢？ 【拓展】用于提建议的句型有：

(1)What about doing sth ?=How about doing sth? ….怎么样？(2)Why don’t you do sth?= Why not do sth? 为什么不呢？(3)Let’s do sth.让我们一起做某事吧。(4)Shall we/I do sth?我们做…好吗？(5)had better do/not do sth 最好做/不做某事(6)Will/Would you please do sth 请你做…好吗？(7)Would you like to do sth? 你想去做某事吗？(8)Would you mind doing sth？你介意做某事吗？ 【回答】

(1).同意对方的建议时，一般用：

◆ Good idea./ That’s good idea.好主意 ◆OK/ All right./ Great 好/ 行/太好了

◆ Yes, please./ I’d love to 是的/ 我愿意

◆ I agree with you 我同意你的看法

◆ No problem 没问题

◆Sure/ Of course/ Certainly 当然可以

◆Yes, I think so 对，我也这样想

(2).对对方的帮助或要求表示委婉谢绝时，一般用：

◆ I don’t think so 我认为不是这样

◆Sorry, I can’t 对不起，我不能

◆I’d love to, but…

◆ I’m afraid…我愿意，但恐怕……

I have to study too much so I don’t get enough sleep.我要学的太多，因此我睡眠不足。【解析1】(1)too many + 复数名词 许多 too many people(2)too much +不可数名词 许多 too much homework(3)much too +形容词 太… much too cold 【解析2】so conj.因此(表示因果关系，后面跟表示结果的句子，不与because同时使用）

My parents don’t allow me to hang out with my friends.我的父母不允许我和我的朋友们出去闲逛。

【解析】allow sb.to do sth 允许某人做某事 【拓展】allow v 允许

allow doing sth 允许做某事 They don’t allow smoking.allow sb.to do sth 允许某人做某事My mother allows me to watch TV.be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事

①We don’t allow ___________(smoke)in the reading room.②Our teacher allows us ____________(go)out for a walk.③The boy should be allowed____(play)after supper.④We won’t allow ________in the cinema.But you are allowed ______in the rest room.(smoke)⑤Teenagers should ___________(allow)to choose their own clothes.【拓展】allow与let的辨析：

allow指―允许‖，表示―默许，听任，不加阻止‖，allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事。

Let指―让‖，let sb do sth让某人做某事，语意较弱，多用于口语中，let不能用于被动语态。4.What’s wrong? 怎么啦？

【解析】What’s wrong(with sb./ sth)（某人/物）怎么了？

I’m really tried because I studied until midnight last night.我真的很累，因为我昨天晚上一直学习到半夜。【解析】until 直到......时

Why don’t you go to sleep earlier this evening?今天晚上你为什么不早点睡觉呢？ 【解析】go to sleep 去睡觉(强调―入睡，睡着‖这一动作）7.You look sad, Kim.金，你看起来很伤心。【解析】look 看起来（系动词，后跟形容词作宾语）【【拓展】：系动词：后跟adj.作表语

一是：（be）am /is /are be quiet=keep quiet 保持安静

二保持：stay/keep（表示持续状态）stay healthy=keep healthy 保持健康 三变化：become/get/turn（表示状态变化）五起来：sound/look/smell/taste/feel（表示感觉）

()Jack usually gets ______ when he speaks in public.A.happily B.exciting C.worried D.tired()Tom’s father looks very _____.But he is very kind.A.seriously B.serious C.friendly You ____ call him up.你____ 给他打电话。

【解析】call up(v + adv)call on 拜访；号召 I call up my parents every Sunday.9.Well, I found my sister looking through my things yesterday.哦，昨天我发现我妹妹翻了我的东西。

【解析1】find sb.doing sth 发现某人正在做某事Mr.Wang found Li Dong reading a storybook in the class.类似动词：hear，watch, see, feel 【解析2】look through 浏览 【拓展】与look相关的短语：

look for look after=take care of look like look the same look over look through look out look up look around look forward to 10.Yes, but I’m still angry with her.是的，但是我仍然很生她的气。【解析】be angry with sb.生某人的气

【拓展】angry adj.生气的→ angrily adv.生气地

(1)be angry with sb.=be mad at sb.对某人生气【with后接人】(2)be angry at/about sth对某事感到生气 【at后接事】(3)be angry to do sth 做某事感到生气

【记】 My father was very __________(对……生气)his computer.He hit the computer _______(angry)()— Why are you unhappy, Kate? — I didn’t finish my homework again.I’m afraid Miss Gao will be ___ me.A.angry with B.friendly to C.proud of()I was very angry ____ myself ___ making such as a stupid mistakes.A.at;at B.with;for C.at;with D.with;at 11.Although she’s wrong, It’s not a big deal.尽管她错了，但也不是什么大错。【解析1】although= though 尽管 , 用来引导让步状语从句。【注】though / although 不能与but连用 【拓展】although/however辨析

⑴although conj，―虽然；即使；纵然‖，引导让步状语从句时放在主句前后都可。Although he is very old, yet he is quite strong.他虽然年纪大了，但身体还很健壮。⑵ however adv，在句中作插入语，起一个连词的作用，一般用逗号与句子分开，可以放在句首或句中，意为―然而，尽管如此‖。

It’s raining hard, However, I think we should go out.雨下的很大。尽管如此，我认为我们还应该出去。

【解析2】It’s not a big deal.没什么大不了；不是什么大事（常用于口语中）You left your homework at home.你把作业忘在家里了。

【解析】leave v 遗忘，留下 leave sth.somewhere把某物忘在某地 leave sb.by oneself 把某人单独留下

12.Hope things work out.希望事情顺利解决。【解析1】hope v 希望

hope to do sth I hope to visit Guilin.hope + that 从句（表示希望）I hope that you’ll be better soon wish v 希望 wish to do sth I wish to visit Guilin.wish sb.to do sth 希望某人做某事 I wish you to go.wish +that 从句 表示愿望，从句用虚拟语气 I wish I were you.【解析2】work out 解决；成功地发展，后跟fine,well, badly等词，表明产生的结果如何。

13.My problem is I can’t get on with my favorite.我的问题是我不能喝我的家人和睦相处。【解析】get on with sb.和某人和睦相处；和某人关系良好 =get along with get on well/ badly with 相处的好/坏

14.When they argue, it’s like a big, black cloud hanging over our home.当他们争吵的时候，就像有一大团乌云笼罩在我们家。【解析1】argue 争吵

→argument n 争论 have an argument with sb.与某人辩论

argue with sb.与某人争吵 argue with sb.about sth 为某事与某人争吵 argue about sth 争论某事

argue against 争辩；反对 He argued against the plan 【解析2】 hang over 挂在......之上； 悬浮在......之上 hang out 闲逛；常去某处 He likes reading and he often hangs out in the bookshop.hang on to 紧紧抓住 You’d better hang on to me in the crowd.hang up 挂电话；悬挂 After she finished her conversation 15.Also, my elder brother is not very nice to me.【解析】elder adj.年纪较长的 His elder brother is ill.elder 用来表示兄弟姐妹及子女之间的长幼关系，常用作定语

older 泛指新旧、老幼或年龄的大小关系，可以用作表语，是old的比较级形式。【记】 My ______brother is 7 years older than my younger sister.【解析2】be nice to sb.对某人友好 be friendly to sb.be good to sb.16.He always refuses to let me watch my favorite TV show.他总是拒绝让我看我最喜欢的电视节目。

【解析】refuse =say no to v拒绝 refuse to do sth拒绝去做某事 ①The boy refused __________(go)to see his father with us.()②He refused when I asked him for help.A.said yes B.said no C.said hello 17.Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night.相反，他却想看什么酒看什么，一直到深夜。【解析1】 instead 代替，反而，替

(1)instead 副词，代替，常放在句首或句尾,表示前面的事情没做，而做了后面的事情。Lee was ill so I went instead.李病了，所以我去了。(2)instead of +n/doing 代替，而不是，放在句中

instead of 为介词短语，后面一般接名词、代词、介词短语或动名词形式。

She wrote to him instead of calling him.=She didn’t call him.She wrote to him instead.她没有给他打电话，而是给他写了封信。

Health is very important to us.We should eat more vegetables and fruit _____ rich food.A.instead B.instead of C.because of D.because 【解析2】 whatever = no matter what 任何，每一

18.If your parents are having problems, you should offer to help.如果你的父母有问题，你应该主动提供帮助。

【解析】 offer to do sth 主动提出做某事 【拓展】offer v 主动给予(1)offer to do sth 主动提出做某事

(2)offer sb.sth= offer sth to sb.主动提供给某人某物

()The little boy _____ his seat to the old lady on the crowded bus.A.offered B.brought C.lent D.took 19.Secondly,why don’t you sit down and communicate with your brother? 其次，你为什么不能坐下来和你的哥哥交流一下呢？ 【解析1】secondly adv.第二；其次

【解析2】communicate v交流 communication n 交流；沟通communicate with sb.和某人交流

They communicate with each other by QQ.()They can’t understand each other so they have difficulty in _____.A.communicate B.communicated C.communicating 20.You should explain that you don’t mind him watching TV all the time.你应该跟他解释说你并不介意他一直看电视。

【解析】explain 解释；说明 → explanation n 解释；说明

explain sth to sb.向某人解释某事。explain to sb sth给某人解释某事 21.I’m worried about my school grades.我很胆小我的学习成绩。【解析】 be worried about sth.担心某事

【拓展】worry v 担心 → worried adj.焦急的 worry about = be worried about 为…担心 ①Don’t be _________(worry).You’ll catch up with others.()② Don’t ____ about things so much.It will make you stressed out.afraid B.worry C.worried D.Terrified 22.My cousin borrows my things without returning them.我堂弟借我东西没有还我。【解析】return ⑴v 归还=give back return...to...= give back to...把......还给......⑵ v 回来；返回 = come back 23.My parents give me a lot of presure about school.我父母在学习上给了我很多压力。【解析】press v 按；压 →pressure压力

⑴不可数名词（物理学）压力air pressure 气压 blood pressure 血压

⑵不可数名词 还可指精神上、外界施加的压力 = stress under pressure 在压力下 24.I have to compete with my classmates at school.在学校我不得不和我的同学们竞争。【解析】compete v竞争；对抗 → competition n 竞争

compete with sb.和某人竞争compete against/ with 与……竞争compete for 为……参加比赛

We are ready for the coming ________________(compete).25.You should all be ___ each other to improve.你们都应该互相____ 而全面发展。【解析】improve =make...better 改进 →improvement n 提高

26.Who gives their opinions about the problem? 对于这个问题都有谁提出了他们自己的观点。

【解析】opinion n 意见；想法；看法 in one’s opinion 以某人的观点；在某人看来 give opinions about sth.给出关于某事的观点。

27.These days , Chinese children are sometimes busier on weekends than weekdays because they have to take so many after-school classes.目前，中国的孩子有时周末比平常还要忙，因为他们不得不上那么多的课后辅导班。【解析】some time /sometime/some times/sometimes 【口诀】：分开是一段，合起是某时； 分开s 是倍次，合起s是有时

(1)some time一段时间，做时间状语 It takes sb.some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间

(2)sometime adv 在某个时候，(3)some times 名词词组，―几次，几倍‖ Mr.Green went to Sanya some times last summer.(4)sometimes=at times 有时（一般现在时的标志词）()I hope to visit the USA _____ in the future.A.sometimes B.some times C.sometime D.some time 28.Others are practicing sports so that they can compete and win.其他人正在练习体育运动，这样他们就能参与竞争并获胜。

【解析】 others pron.―其他的人或事物‖There are other ways of doing it.做这事还有其他的办法。

()My sister is outgoing.She likes making friends with ____.A.other B.another C.the other D.others 29.The Taylors are a typical American family.泰勒一家是一个典型的美国之家。

【解析1】The Taylors 泰勒一家。在姓氏的复数前加冠词the表示―全家人或夫妻两人‖，使用时注意主语和谓语保持一致。The Blacks are getting ready for the holiday.【解析】typical 典型的 be typical of ―是……的特点‖

30..Maybe I could cut out a few of their activities, but I believe these activities are important for my children’s future.或许我可以减少他们的一些活动，但是我相信这些活动对孩子们的未来很重要。【解析】cut out 删除；删去(v+adv)You’d better cut out that sentence.cut up 切碎 cut down 砍到 cut in 插队 cut off 切断（水、电）供应

()Don’t ___ when others talk;it’s impolite.A.cut out B.cut in C.cut down D.cut off 31.I really want them to be successful.我真的很想他们成功。

【解析】successful 成功的【拓展】 succeed v 成功，达到 →success n 成功 →successful adj 成功的→successfully adv成功地 ◆succeed in doing sth ①If at first you don’t ____________(success).try, try again.()② She works very hard ,so she will ____ in ____ the exam.A.successful;pass B.success;passing C.succeed;passing D.successful;passing 32.It’s time for homework.该写作业了。

【解析】It’s time for sth 是到做某事的时候了。It’s time for lunch.It’s time to do sth It’s time to go to school.()It’s 9:30 pm., children!_____ is time to go to bed.A.That B.It C.This D.They In some families, competition starts very young and continues until the kids get older.在有些家庭，竞争从孩子们很小的时候就开始了，一直持续到他们长大。【解析】continue 继续；持续

【拓展】continue doing sth =go on doing sth 继续做某事(前后做同一件事)continue to do sth = go on to do sth 继续做某事（前后不是同一件事）①Let’s continue____________(read)the text.②Many students hope to continue ________(study)after _______(finish)school.（）③ The two teams continued _____ the game after half an hour.A.play B.to play C.playing D.played 【拓展】continue，go on, last辨析

⑴continue v.继续，持续，指进程在时间或空间上的延续，强调持续不断，有时也可以指短暂停止后继续进行。

He continue the work for two days.他连续两天都在做这项工作。⑵ go on指无间歇或有间歇地继续，或以某种特定方式继续。go on to do sth继续做某事，指开始做另外一件事； go on doing sth继续做原来所做的事情。

After doing his homework, he went on to preview his lessons.做完家庭作业之后，他继续去预习他的研究。

⑶last v.持续，延续，维持，指某事物继续存在或某种现象在时间上延续，说明某一动作要延续一段时间。

She won’t last long in that job.那个工作她做不了多久。

34.Mothers send their small kids to all kinds of classes.妈妈们把她们的小孩子送去各种各样的辅导班。

【解析1】send→ sent → sent v 发送

【短语】： send away 赶走 send for 派人去请

send off 寄出 send out 分发 send up 发射send sb.sth = send sth to sb.送给某人某物

【注】类似的动词有：show(展示； 给……看)give(给)lend(借出)offer（提供）return（归还）tell（告诉）

()① You fill in both parts of the form, then_____.A.send up it B.send for it C.send it away D.send it off()Please send a photo of your family ____ me.A.for B.at C.to D.with 【解析2】all kinds of 各种各样的【拓展】kind(1)n 种类

kind of +adj.有点，有几分，kind of cold 有点冷 a kind of 一种的，某种的 all kinds of 各种各样的

different kinds of 不同种类的 What kind of…?那种

(2)adj.友好的 be kind to sb.= be good to sb.=be friendly to sb.对某人友好 【辨析】kind of 与kinds of: ○1kind of 单独用，表示―有点‖，后接形容词或副词： He is kind of thin.‖他有点瘦‖ I feel kind of hungry.‖我有点饿‖

Uncle Wang speaks kind of quickly.王叔叔说得有点快。

○2若kind of前有a, this, that, what等，译为―种，种类‖ 后加名词。

That kind of question is difficult to answer.那类问题难回答。What kind of sport do you like best? 你最喜欢何种运动？

()①This kind of skirt looks ___ and sells _____.A.nice;well B.nice;good C.well;well D.good;nice()②—What ____ animals do you like? — Monkeys.I think they’re _____ clever.A.kind of;kind of B.a kind of;a kind of C.kind of;a kind D.a kind of;kind of()③ — It’s going to rain.Let me fetch an umbrella for you.— Thank you!You are so ____.A.lucky B.kind C.relaxed D.Interesting 【2013浙江台州】17.—I want to see the movie Iron Man 3(《钢铁3》).Do you know the ______ of the ticket? —Yes.Five dollars.A.number B.price C.kind D.name 35..Kids should have time to relax and think for themselves, too.孩子们也应该有时间放松和独立思考。

【解析】have time to do sth 有时间做某事

36.And they are always comparing them with other children.她们总是把自己的孩子和其他的孩子作比较。

【解析】compare A with B 将A和B 比较

(1)compare…with… 把……与…..做比较

(2)compare…to… 把…..比做……

()①.People often compare a teacher a candle.A.to B.into C.as D.with()②.It’s necessary English Chinese in English study.A.compare;to B.to compare;with C.comparing;to D.to compare;into 【2011四川广元】— Why are most children under too much pressure ? — Because their parents always compare them ___ others.A.With B.by C.to 37.Doctors say too much pressure is not good for a child’s development.医生说太多的压力不利于孩子们的发展。

【解析1】be good for 对......有好处

【拓展】good(better;best)adj.好的 → goodness n 好处；善行 ；美德

be good for 对….有益处（反）be bad for对…有害处 be good at +n/doing=do well in +n/doing 擅长于做某事 be good to sb.=be kind to =be friendly to sb.对某人友好

【记】The boy is good ______me.He is good ______English , and he tells me oral practice is good ______improve spoken English.38.Dr.Alice Green says all these activities can cause a lot of stress for children.爱丽丝.格林医生说所有的这些活动可能给孩子们带来很多压力。【解析】 cause v.造成，使发生

(1)cause sb.to do sth 使某人做某事(2)cause sb.for sb.给某人添麻烦()①She always ___ trouble ___ people.A.cause;to B.cause;for C.causing;to D.causing;for()②Every year driving after drinking wine ____ a lot of traffic accidents.A.happens B.provides C.causes 【拓展】 cause, reason, excuse辨析

⑴cause n.原因，指引起某种结果的―原因‖，后接介词of.The cause of the accident was the fact that he was driving too fast.事故的原因是他开车开的太快。

⑵reason n.理由，原因，指决定做某事或采取某项行动的理由。

The reason he was driving so fast was that he didn’t want to miss an important meeting.他开车如此快的原因是他不想错过一个重要的会议。

⑶excuse n.辩解，借口，指对某种行为所做的解释，可以是真的，也可以是托词。He made a good excuse for his driving.他为自己开快车找了一个堂皇的借口。()What ___ the flowers to die? A.made B.had C.caused D.get()Do you often ___ trouble ____ your parents? A.get;into B.pay;for C.cause;for D.give;to 39..In my opinion, it is important for children/ parents to...我认为，对于孩子们/父母来说，......是重要的。

【解析】in one’s opinion 以某人的观点； 在某人看来

40.Perhaps children/ parents should / could......或许孩子们/父母应该/ 可能.......【解析】perhaps 也许；可能

【拓展】perhaps，probably，possibly，maybe辨析 ⑴perhaps意为―也许，可能‖，一般指比较小的可能性。

Perhaps I will see him the day after tomorrow, but I am not sure.也许我后天去看他，不过我不能确定。

⑵probably―很可能，大概‖，其可能性最大，表示一种几乎完全肯定的意思。He will probably refuse the offer.他很可能会拒绝这份提议。⑶possibly意为―可能，或许，也许‖，可能性较大。

I’ll see you today, or possibly tomorrow.我今天要见你，不过也可能是明天。⑷maybe―或许，大概‖，主要用于非正式场合，常用在口语中，语气比perhaps轻。Maybe you put the letter in your basket.或许你把信放在你的篮子里了。41.It’s crazy.这是疯狂的。

【解析】crazy.adj.不理智的；疯狂的(在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语)be crazy about 对……着迷；热衷于…… I’m crazy about football.42.Does Cathy Taylor think it’s important for kids to join after-school activities? 凯西.泰勒认为对于孩子们而言参加课文活动重要吗？

【解析】It’s + adj.(easy,difficult,important,necessary)+(for sb.)to do sth

【注】若形容词表示事物特征的，如：easy ,difficult, hard ,important等，须用介词for 【形容物，用for】

It’s +adj(kind, honest, friendly,)+(of sb)to do sth.【注】 若形容词表示人的性格、品质与特点，如：good ,kind ,nice, wrong等，用介词of。【形容人用of】

【2012山东东营】It’s very convenient ___ us to buy train tickets now because we can buy them either from the station or on the Internet.A.to B.of C.by D.for ① It’s important for us _______(learn)English well.②It’s hard for us ____________(finish)this task in two days.()③ It’s very nice ____ you to help me a lot.A.for B.of C.in D.on()④ –It’s very ___ of you to work out the problem for me.A.kind B.polite C.clever D.easy 43.keep on happening 持续发生

【解析】keep on doing 继续做某事 keep sb.doing sth 让某人一直做某事 keep up with 跟上

keep sb.from doing sth阻止某人做某事 keep away from避开 Mr.Li kept _________(work)here for nearly 30 years.二、重点语法 1.情态动词should与could的用法 should的用法

should为情态动词，表示劝告、建议，意为―应该‖，它和其他情态动词一样，没有人称和数的变化，后接动词原形，其否定形式为shouldn’t。

Maybe she should say sorry to you.也许她应该跟你说声对不起。could的用法

情态动词could既是can的过去式，表示过去的能力，又可以表示谨慎、客气的建议，后接动词原形，其否定形式为couldn’t。

My grandfather could drive well even at the age of eighty.我的祖父甚至到了80岁任然能很好地驾车。

You could go out and buy her some medicine.你可以出去给他买些药。

()The girl_____ read before she went to school.A.Could B.Couldn’t C.Should D.May 2.状语从句

状语从句就是在句子中作状语的从句。状语从句有好几种，如时间状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句等。本单元重点讲述以下三种类型的状语从句。

1).until引导的时间状语从句

until意为―直到；在........之前‖。注意until和not.....until在用法上的区别。Until：在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句里

如果主句用肯定式，其含义是―一直到……时‖，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是―直到……才……‖, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。

The young man read till the light went out.Let’s wait until the rain stops.We won’t start until Bob come Don’t get off until the bus stops.Continue in this direction until you see a sign.一直朝着这个方向走直到你看见一个指示牌。

I didn’t wake up until I heard the alarm clock.直到听到闹钟的铃声我才醒来。2).so that引导的目的状语从句

so that是连词，意为―为的是，以便‖，引导目的状语从句。注意so that, in order that和in order to在用法上的区别。

Let me take down your telephone number so that I can call you later.让我记下你的号码，为的是以后好打电话给你。3).although引导的状语从句

although的用法意思相当于though（尽管，虽然），用来引导让步状语从句。它所引导的从句不能与并列连词but，and，so等连用，但可以和yet，still等词连用。

① Although the book was old, we decided to buy it.尽管这本书很旧，我们还是决定买。② Although he was tired, he went on working.Although he had only entered the contest for fun, he won first prize.尽管他参加这次竞赛只不过是闹着玩而已，却赢得了头等奖。

第五篇：八年级下册英语第四单元翻译

第四单元

Section A

1a 什么是连续剧？你知道那些连续剧？

你曾看过连续剧吗？连续剧里会发生哪些事情?

图片

马西娅说了什么？

我将在星期五晚上为拉娜举办一个令人惊喜的聚会。

我生马西娅的气。

我星期五晚上不去她家。

拉娜想她要到我家来学习。

1c 她说什么？ 她说她将在星期五晚上为拉娜举办一个令人惊喜的聚会。

2a

3.拉娜说她星期五晚上将不去马西娅家。

2b 马西娅将为你举办一个令人惊喜的聚会。本告诉拉娜说马西娅将要为她举办一个令人惊喜的聚会。

我不在生马西娅的气。拉娜说她不在生马西娅的气。

我将在星期五的晚上到马西娅家。拉娜说她将在星期五晚上到马西娅家去。

我将不举办聚会。马西娅告诉大家她将不举办聚会。

我将带一些饮料和零食到你家去。拉娜说她将带一些零食到马西娅家去。

2c 在昨晚的《年轻的生命》中发生了什么?

Grammar Focus 我生马西娅的气。她说她生马西娅的气。

我正为拉娜举办聚会。她说她正在为拉娜举办聚会。

我每个星期六到沙滩上去。他说他每个星期六到沙滩上去。

我明天给你打电话。他告诉我他明天／第二天给我打电话。

我会讲三种语言。她说她会讲三种语言。

3a 本周的《年轻的生命》

对于连续剧《年轻的生命》里的人来说这是一个激动人心的星期。首先，马西娅告诉本说她将为拉娜举办一个令人惊喜的聚会，并且拉娜想她将要去她家里学习。然后拉娜告诉本她在生马西娅的气并且她不打算在星期五去马西娅的家。所以本告诉拉娜说马西娅打算为她举办一个聚会。拉娜告诉本说她不在生马西娅的气，她将在星期五的晚上去马西娅的家。可是，马西娅给每个人打了电话并且告诉他们她将不举办聚会了。学生A：你在家。B和C正在B的家里做家庭作业。你想让B把这一信息传给：C借了你的夹克还没有还。你想知道他为什么不还，夹克现在在哪儿。

学生B：你在家。C在你家做家庭作业。A打电话来向你传个信息给C。你把信息传给C，并将C的答复告诉A。

学生C：你在B的家里做家庭作业。你带上了A的夹克。你认为今天上午应该会在公共汽车站遇见A并把夹克还给A的，但A没有到汽车站来。

Section B

1b 我不勤奋。真的吗？我认为你非常勤奋。

2c 你的数学老师说了什么？他说我比较勤奋。

3a近来一切可好？但愿爷爷现在康复了。听到他上周感冒了我很遗憾。希望你们的身体都健健康康的.这儿一切都好。我上周参加期末考，今天已经拿到成绩报告单。在邮箱里看到学校发过来的信件时，我总是觉得好紧张。幸好这次我干得还算不错。这学期的自然科学课程对我来说确实很难，所以，这一门课的老师给了我所有学科里最差的评价我一点也不吃惊。自然科学的老师说我很懒，但这不是真的。我真的觉得自然科学很难学。另外，我的历史考得也不好。我的历史老师说我可以考得更好的。好消息来了，数学老师说我很勤奋，西班牙语老师说我的听力很好。

好了，这些就是我想告诉你们的所有消息。老爸老妈让我向你们问好。你的成绩如何？嗯，我的数学老师说我勤奋。真的吗？你真幸运。我的数学老师说我懒惰。

Self check 1 你能带些音乐激光唱碟到晚会上来吗？我的朋友英语好，因此她经常帮助我制定我的学习计划。

她不知道外面正在发生什么事？我很冷，我能借你的夹克吗？今天下午我想会看见苏，你有什么口信传给她吗？ 2我最好的朋友是小李，但是上周在学校我们大吵了一架，她不跟我说话。这都开始于她问我她是否可以抄我的作业。我问她为什么要这么做，她说因为她忘了做。我说我觉得她抄我的作业不是个好主意。她问我为什么我觉得这不是个好主意。我说这是一个坏习惯的开始，她应该自己做作业。她对我发火，说她不想再做最好的朋友。我说好，我确定她„„（这少个单词，不知道什么意思）她确实这样做了。昨天她告诉我她对她发火表示抱歉。她说如果她自己做作业会好得多。

Reading

Section 2 她说帮助别人改变了她的一生

在甘肃省的一个贫穷的小山村教中学生对你来说听来可能没什么乐趣。不过，他改变了来自北京杨磊的生活。北京大学首先作为在一个一年计划中的志愿者去那里。这项活动是由教育部和中国少年先锋队发起的。每年他们派100位志愿者到中国的农村地区去任教。

山中的生活对杨磊来说是一次新的经历。它的村庄海拔2000米，起初稀薄的空气让他觉得很难受。食品非常简单，----教师一天三次都是粥。幸好，杨磊的母亲支持他，她说她和她的丈夫认为这是一种好的想法。“今天的年轻人有必要经历不同的事情。” 她说。

大多数小学生住在学校宿舍里。他们学习很刻苦。他们早晨5点起床一直学到晚上11点。他们喜欢有志愿者教师到那里。“你和他们之间没什么区别，” 杨雷说。“他们说我们像他们的大哥哥和大姐姐，并且他们感到很幸运。”

一些学生可能不上高中或者大学。家庭贫困，通常也没有钱来读书。“我对此感到无能为力。”杨雷说，“但是我能让我的学生开阔眼界，并且给他们的生活一个好的起点。” 他说他喜欢给孩子们的一生留下好的影响。

杨雷很喜欢他作为以为志愿者的日子.一年的支援生活结束后,他说在完成它的研究之后,他将返回该地区.他现在是甘肃平梁石墨高中的一名数学教师。