高 三 二 英 语 备 考 学 案NO 5
语法与写作专题---时态语态
出题：袁存瑞 审核：张宗胜 时间：2020.11.11
1.一般过去时、一般现在时
一、语法填空
1.(2014年新课标Ⅰ)In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio.It __________(61)(be)unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.2.(2014年新课标Ⅱ)I got a place next to the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk.A boy on a bike __________________(65)(catch)my attention.3.It was raining lightly when I _____________(61)(arrive)in Yangshuo just before dawn.4.(2015年新课标卷Ⅰ))YangShuo ______________(67)(be)really beautiful.A study of travelers conducted by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia.5.（2015年新课标卷Ⅱ）When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough to cool the house during the hot day: at the same time, they warm up again for the night.This cycle _______________(68)(go)day after day: the walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.6.(2017年新课标卷Ⅱ)Later, engineers ____________(68)(manage)to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels(隧道）, which became known to the tube.7.(2016年新课标卷Ⅲ)Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and ____________(69)(be)too violent for use at the table.8.（2016年新课标卷Ⅱ）It could be anything-gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is, _____________(70)(make)sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.9.When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find them alive.True to a gorillas unaggressive nature, the huge animal ____________(69)(mean)me no real harm.10.（2019年新课标卷Ⅰ）Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ____________(70)(be)stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.11.（2019年新课标Ⅱ）Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene ____________(64)（declare）she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business.12.（2019年新课标Ⅲ）Our hosts shared many of their experiences and __________(65)（recommend）wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit.13.（2016年新课标卷Ⅰ）So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I _____________(62)(allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre.14.（2017年新课标卷Ⅰ）When fat and salt ____________(64)(remove)from food, the food tastes as if is missing something
15.(2017年新课标卷Ⅱ)Steam engines _____________(65)(use)to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using it every day.16.(2017年新课标卷Ⅲ)Sarah____________(63)(tell)that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the next year.17.（2019年新课标Ⅲ）On the last day of our week-long stay, we ___________(69)（invite）to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars.18.（2017年新课标卷Ⅰ）Even worse, the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.Fast food _____________(67)(be)full of fat and salt;
19.（2017年新课标卷Ⅲ）My dad thinks I should take the offer now.But at the moment, school_____________(69)(come)first.20.While running regularly cannot make you live forever, the review says it ______________(64)(be)more effective at lengthening life than(65)walking, cycling or swimming.21.Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, ＂because it ____________(67)(mean)we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon is constructed ＂.22.Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, ＂because it means we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon ___________(68)(construct)＂.23.When he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary(传奇的)artist, they smiled and ____________(66)(point)down the river.24.（2020年山东）The parts of a museum open to the public _____________(40)（call）galleries or rooms.···Most of it is stored away or used for research.25.（2020年山东）Often, only a small part of a museum’s collection _______________(41)（be）on display.Most of it is stored away or used for research.26.（2020年浙江）And, as more children were born, more food ____________(59)（need）.27.（2020年浙江）New methods _________(65)（mean）that fewer people worked in farming.2.现在完成时
1.(2014年新课标Ⅱ)Then the driver stood up and asked, “___________(68)anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?”
2.（2018年新课标Ⅱ）Since 2011, the country ___________(61)（grow）more corn than rice.3.The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 — when the government ______________(68)(start)a soil-testing program that/which(69)gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.4.（2019年新课标卷Ⅰ）In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut _____________(65)(report)increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a belief that populations are increasing.5.（2019年新课标Ⅱ）I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I __________(66)（make）over the years.6.（2020年新课标卷Ⅰ）The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe(探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess— _____________(61)(touch)down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.7.（2020年山东）In the 18th and 19th centuries, wealthy people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art.··· The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, ____________(38)（form）the core collection of the British Museum which opened in 1759.8.（2020年浙江）By about 6000 BC, people ______________(61)（discover）the best crops to grow and animals to raise.3.特别注意
1.(2016年新课标卷Ⅲ)Truly elegant chopsticks might _____________(62)(make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.2.(2020年新课标卷Ⅱ)This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers _____________(62)(carry)special significance.3.【难点】（2016年新课标卷Ⅱ）If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify(识别)those of greater and less importance.Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of achievement.Leaving the less important things until tomorrow ___________(63)(be)often acceptable.4.【难点】（2020年新课标卷Ⅲ）The artist was sure he would __________(63)(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed.规律总结：时态语态在语法填空中为必考题：
1.时间：根据__________________________.2.主被动：根据________________________.3.主谓一致: 根据_________________.4.长难句如何处理：____________________________________________________________________________________________.二、写作
被动语态在书面表达中都属于高级句式，它们的合理运用都能给文章增色添彩。
1．主动语态变被动语态
①We can borrow at most five books at a time, and we can keep them for ten days.→At most five books ___________________ at a time and they ____________ for ten days.②When we put some waste chemicals into the sea, they can hurt or kill animals and fish.→When some waste chemicals __________________, they can hurt or kill animals and fish.2．写作中常见的被动语态
(1)be＋过去分词(be可使用各种时态)
①The exhibition __________________ from 9：00 am to 5：00 pm the day after tomorrow in the art gallery.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)
展览将于后天上午9时至下午5时在美术馆举行。
②Nowadays, more and more English words are being used in the Chinese language.(2014·江苏高考书面表达)
当今，越来越多的英语词汇正在汉语中使用。
(2)情态动词＋be＋过去分词
①To improve the air quality, the use of private cars ____________________________.为了提高空气质量，应该减少使用私家车。
②As can be seen from the chart, more and more people own mobile phones in China now.正如从表中所看到的，如今在中国拥有手机的人越来越多。
(3)get＋过去分词
①The entrance to the parking place was too small and often got blocked.(2014·北京高考满分作文)
通往存车处的入口太小了，经常堵车。
②Im feeling very sorry to tell you that I have to change our plan to visit Yunnan in July, because my left foot ___________________________.(2014·北京高考满分作文)
我很抱歉地告诉你我不得不改变我们七月份去云南旅游的计划，因为我的左脚受伤了。
[即时演练] 句型转换(主动语态变被动语态)
1．Above all, we must do something to stop pollution.→Above_all,______________________________________________________________.2．It is true that many things determine our future.→It_is_true_that____________________________________________________________.3．The boss made him work all day long.→________________________________________________________________________.4．I suggest that you(should)make friends with people having different characteristics or backgrounds.→_________________________________________________________________________
一般过去时、一般现在时
1.(2014年新课标Ⅰ)In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio.It ______(61)(be)unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.（一般过去时态）was
2.(2014年新课标Ⅱ)I got a place next to the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk.A boy on a bike ______(65)(catch)my attention.（一般过去时态）caught
3.(2015年新课标卷Ⅰ)It was raining lightly when I ______(61)(arrive)in Yangshuo just before dawn.（一般过去时态）arrived
4.(2015年新课标卷Ⅰ))YangShuo ______(67)(be)really beautiful.A study of travelers conducted by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia.(一般现在时态)is
5.（2015年新课标卷Ⅱ）When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough to cool the house during the hot day: at the same time, they warm up again for the night.This cycle ______(68)(go)day after day: the walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.（一般现在时态）goes
6.(2017年新课标卷Ⅱ)Later, engineers ______(68)(manage)to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels(隧道）, which became known to the tube.过去时态managed
7.(2016年新课标卷Ⅲ)Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and ______(69)(be)too violent for use at the table.（连词的基本功能）were，略难
8.（2016年新课标卷Ⅱ）It could be anything-gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is, ______(70)(make)sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.（祈使句）make
9.（2018年新课标Ⅲ）When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find them alive.True to a gorillas unaggressive nature, the huge animal ______(69)(mean)me no real harm.（一般过去时态）meant
10.（2019年新课标卷Ⅰ）Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ______(70)(be)stable, one is increasing, and nine lackenough data.（一般现在时）are
11.（2019年新课标Ⅱ）Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene ______(64)（declare）she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business.（一般过去时态）declared
12.（2019年新课标Ⅲ）Our hosts shared many of their experiences and ______(65)（recommend）wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit.（一般过去时态）recommended
13.（2016年新课标卷Ⅰ）So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I ________(62)(allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre.(被动语态)was allowed
14.（2017年新课标卷Ⅰ）When fat and salt ______(64)(remove)from food, the food tastes as if is missing something 被动语态 are removed
15.(2017年新课标卷Ⅱ)Steam engines ______(65)(use)to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using it every day.must have been 表示对过去的推测 被动语态 were used
16.(2017年新课标卷Ⅲ)Sarah______(63)(tell)that she could be Britain’s new supermodel，earning a million dollars in the next year.被动语态 has been told / was told
17.（2019年新课标Ⅲ）On the last day of our week-long stay, we ______(69)（invite）to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars.（一般过去时的被动语态）were invited
18.（2017年新课标卷Ⅰ）Even worse, the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.Fast food ______(67)(be)full of fat and salt;一般现在时 is
19.（2017年新课标卷Ⅲ）My dad thinks I should take the offer now.But at the moment, school______(69)(come)first.comes
20.（2018年新课标Ⅰ）While running regularly cannot make you live forever, the review says it ______(64)(be)more effective at lengthening life than(65)walking, cycling or swimming.（主谓一致）is
21.（2020年新课标卷Ⅰ）Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, ＂because it _______(67)(mean)we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon is constructed ＂.（主谓一致）means
22.（2020年新课标卷Ⅰ）Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, ＂because it means we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon ______(68)(construct)＂.（一般现在时的被动语态）is constructed
23.（2020年新课标卷Ⅲ）When he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary(传奇的)artist, they smiled and ______(66)(point)down the river.（一般过去时）pointed
24.（2020年山东）The parts of a museum open to the public _______(40)（call）galleries or rooms.···Most of it is stored away or used for research.（一般现在时的被动语态）are called
25.（2020年山东）Often, only a small part of a museum’s collection ________(41)（be）on display.Most of it is stored away or used for research.（一般现在时，主谓一致）is
26.（2020年浙江）And, as more children were born, more food _______(59)（need）.（一般过去时的被动语态）was needed
27.（2020年浙江）New methods _______(65)（mean）that fewer people worked in farming.（一般过去时）meant
现在完成时
1.(2014年新课标Ⅱ)Then the driver stood up and asked, “______(68)anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?”（时间标志词：一般疑问句）did
2.（2018年新课标Ⅱ）Since 2011, the country ______(61)（grow）more corn than rice.（时间标志词 现在完成时态）has grown
3.（2018年新课标Ⅱ）The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 — when the government ______(68)(start)a soil-testing program that/which(69)gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.（时间标志词 一般过去时态）started
4.（2019年新课标卷Ⅰ）In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ______(65)(report)increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a belief that populations are increasing.时间标志词 现在完成时 have reported
5.（2019年新课标Ⅱ）I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ______(66)（make）over the years.时间标志词现在完成时 have made
6.（2020年新课标卷Ⅰ）The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe(探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess— _______(61)(touch)down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.（时间标志词 一般过去时态）touched
7.（2020年山东）In the 18th and 19th centuries, wealthy people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art.··· The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, _______(38)（form）the core collection of the British Museum which opened in 1759.（时间标志词 一般过去时态）formed
8.（2020年浙江）By about 6000 BC, people _________(61)（discover）the best crops to grow and animals to raise.（时间标志词 过去完成时）had discovered
特别注意
1.(2016年新课标卷Ⅲ)Truly elegant chopsticks might ______(62)(make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.（情态动词 +动词原型 被动语态）be made
2.（2020年新课标卷Ⅲ）The artist was sure he would ______(63)(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed.（助动词 +动词原型 被动语态）be chosen
3.【难点】（2016年新课标卷Ⅱ）If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify(识别)those of greater and less importance.Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of achievement.Leaving the less important things until tomorrow ______(63)(be)often acceptable.（主谓一致）is
4.【难点】(2020年新课标卷Ⅱ)This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers _______(62)(carry)special significance.（一般现在时）（主谓一致）carries
被动语态在书面表达中都属于高级句式，它们的合理运用都能给文章增色添彩。
1．主动语态变被动语态
①We can borrow at most five books at a time, and we can keep them for ten days.→At most five books can be borrowed at a time and they can be kept for ten days.②When we put some waste chemicals into the sea, they can hurt or kill animals and fish.→When some waste chemicals are put into the sea, they can hurt or kill animals and fish.2．写作中常见的被动语态
(1)be＋过去分词(be可使用各种时态)
①The exhibition will be held from 9：00 am to 5：00 pm the day after tomorrow in the art gallery.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)
展览将于后天上午9时至下午5时在美术馆举行。
②Nowadays, more and more English words are being used in the Chinese language.(2014·江苏高考书面表达)
当今，越来越多的英语词汇正在汉语中使用。
(2)情态动词＋be＋过去分词
①To improve the air quality, the use of private cars should be reduced.为了提高空气质量，应该减少使用私家车。
②As can be seen from the chart, more and more people own mobile phones in China now.正如从表中所看到的，如今在中国拥有手机的人越来越多。
(3)get＋过去分词
①The entrance to the parking place was too small and often got blocked.(2014·北京高考满分作文)
通往存车处的入口太小了，经常堵车。
②Im feeling very sorry to tell you that I have to change our plan to visit Yunnan in July, because my left foot got injured.(2014·北京高考满分作文)
我很抱歉地告诉你我不得不改变我们七月份去云南旅游的计划，因为我的左脚受伤了。
[即时演练] 句型转换(主动语态变被动语态)
1．Above all, we must do something to stop pollution.→Above_all,_something_must_be_done_to_stop_pollution.2．It is true that many things determine our future.→It_is_true_that_our_future_is_determined_by_many_things.3．The boss made him work all day long.→He_was_made_to_work_all_day_long.4．I suggest that you(should)make friends with people having different characteristics or backgrounds.→It_is_suggested_that_you_(should)_make_friends_with_people_having_different_characteristics_or_backgrounds.
点击咨询