第一篇：2013中译英范文
黄浦区
1.2.3.4.5.1.2.3.4.这个故事激励年轻人为更美好的生活奋斗。(inspire）时光飞逝，尤其当你聚精会神地读一本好书时。（absorb）安全系统不会允许你进入大楼，除非你有正确的密码。(unless)我从未想到过会在机场遇到多年未曾谋面的老朋友。(It)无用信息的传播会对人类社会产生不利影响的事实已经引起公众的注意。（that）
airport.5.The fact that the spread of useless information can have a bad effect on human society has attracted the
attention/awareness of the public.杨浦区（第一次学业调研）
1.2.3.4.5.1.2.3.4.5.记得要学与思相结合。(combine)党号召官员们提高效率，避免浪费。(call)人们保护个人信息的意识有待提高。(remain)开发清洁的公共交通是被广泛认可的改善空气质量的好方法。(recognize)这位总统一直为缓慢的经济复苏和诸多外交事务的挑战忧心忡忡，但至今仍束手无策。(worry)
far he hasn’t found a way out.浦东新区
1.2.3.4.5.他下定决心要实现抱负。(determine)居民们都希望有朝一日能更方便地享受图书馆的优质服务。（access）老师的赞赏给了我很大的鼓舞，这对一名学生而言非常宝贵。（which）接完电话，他既没关门也没关灯就匆匆忙忙离开了办公室。（with）实验结果与我们所期望的大相径庭，但我们相信探索越多，就越可能成功。（likely）
1.He is determined to realize/accomplish/achieve/fulfill his ambition.2.Residents all hope that they can have easy assess to the quality service of libraries one day(some day).3.The teacher’s compliment(s)gave me(filled me with)a great encouragement(inspiration), which is so precious for a
student.4.Having answered the phone, he left the office in a hurry with the door open and the light(s)on.5.The result of the experiment is totally different(contrary to)from what we have expected, but we believe(that)the
more we explore, the more likely we are to/will succeed.徐汇区、松江区、金山区
1.2.3.4.5.这三天的社会实践让我们受益匪浅。（benefit）令我们宽慰的是，政府正在采取措施改善我们的住房条件。(relief)尽管困难重重，他从未放弃过成为一名优秀建筑师的愿望。（desire）第一次看Gangnam Style的时候，其生动的节奏，富有创意的舞蹈，给我留下了深刻的印象。（The first time）一些大城市的空气正日益恶化，这应该让我们警觉到：环保意识的缺乏已让市民付出了健康的代价。(alert)
1.We benefited a lot from the three-day social practice./ The three-day social practice benefited us a lot.2.To our relief, the government is taking measures/action to improve our housing conditions.3.Despite many difficulties / In spite of many difficulties, he never gave up his desire to become /be an excellent /
outstanding / a distinguished architect.4.The first time I watched Gangnam Style, I was deeply impressed by its lively rhythm and creative dance./ its lively
rhythm and creative dance impressed me a lot / deeply / greatly.5.The air quality in some big cities is getting / becoming from bad to worse, which should alert us(to the fact)that the
lack of environmental awareness has come at the expense of the health of the citizens./ the lack of environmental awareness(lacking environmental awareness)has cost the citizens their health./...that the citizens have paid(high)price for the lack of environmental awareness.闵行区
1.2.3.4.5.1.2.3.4.5.(worth)这孩子年龄太小，无法应对这么复杂的局面。(too...to...)当我心情不佳时，我常听听音乐来去除烦恼。(mood)经过热烈讨论，我们一致同意再为那所小学捐赠一台电脑。(agree)事实证明网络购物存在风险，因此下定单之前一定要深思熟虑。(exist)
1.2.3.4.5.你很有可能在这次考试中取得好成绩。(likely)每天摄入太多的盐和糖会对人体的健康造成严重的损害。(take in)汽油价格的不断上涨对人民的生活和国家的经济发展产生了很大的影响。(affect)迄今虽说屡屡采取严控措施，但绝大多数人仍然觉得难以承担目前的高房价。(though)他向经理保证，一经录用，他会竭尽所能为公司服务，绝不辜负公司的期望并为自己的理想打拼。(assure)
1.You are most likely to achieve good results in this examination./ It’s most likely that you will achieve good results
in this examination.2.Taking in too much salt and sugar every day will / may cause serious damage to people’s health./ It will / may
cause serious damage to people’s health if they take in too much salt and sugar every day.3.The constant / continuous rise in gasoline prices / That the prices of gasoline went up / rose constantly /
continuously has greatly affected the people’s life and the development of the country’s economy.4.Though severe / strict control measures have been taken repeatedly / again and again by now / up to now, the vast
majority of people / most people still feel / find it difficult / hard to afford the current high housing prices.5.He assured the manager that if / once(he was)appointed / accepted, he would do his best to work for / serve the
company, live up to the expectation of the company and strive for his own ideal.奉贤区
1.2.3.4.5.我们应积极参加各种各样的课外活动。(variety)公司在意的不是员工的长相，而是他们的工作表现。(care)记住，你的父母也曾经年少，大多数情况下他们能理解你正在经历的事情。(what)充足的锻炼、健康的饮食、规律的作息对保持最佳考试状态至关重要。(key)黄浦江被污染后，政府采取了许多有效的措施以改善水质，这使公众很满意。(improve)
1.We should take an active part in a variety of out-of-class activities.2.What a company cares about is not the employees’ appearance, but their job performance.3.Remember that your parents were teenagers once and that, in most cases, they can understand what you’re going
through.4.Adequate exercise, healthy eating/a healthy diet and regular sleep are the key to staying in top shape for exams.5.After the Huangpu River was polluted, the government has taken many effective measures to improve the quality of
the water, which has greatly satisfied the public.静安区、杨浦区、宝山区、青浦区
1.2.3.4.5.1.2.3.4.5.许多驾驶员对新的交通法规都感到不习惯。(use)传统的火车票购买方式已经被网络购买方式所取代了。(replace)过不了几天他们就会把面试结果寄给你的。(It)我们非常关心食品质量，因为它与每一个人的健康都息息相关。(concern)那些消防战士冒着生命危险把困在着火的屋子里的老人和小孩全部救了出来。（trap）
1.2.3.4.5.1.2.3.4.5.我们昨晚没有回家作业。(free)为了纪念这位战士，将举办一场音乐会。(memory)能否充分利用能源是科学家所面对的重要问题。(use)听说他的幽默感为英语节开幕式平添了一份快乐。(add）对语言学习者来说，接触英文材料并养成好的习惯能提高学习效率。(expose)
efficiency.闸北区
1.2.3.4.5.1.2.3.4.5.家长们越来越关注孩子的心理健康。(health)必须采取果断措施应对食品污染问题。(must)经过劝说，玛丽总算打消了去那个偏远城市安家的念头。(idea)只要你可以上网，任何难题几乎都可瞬间解决。(access)尽管生产商宣称这款天然的洗发水不含任何化学成分，消费者仍然兴趣寥寥。(although)
1.2.3.4.5.过马路时务必要小心。（sure）听流行音乐是我课余最爱的放松方式。（relax）是要都有副作用，这是每个人都应该有的医学常识。（which）那晚在观众席中看女儿弹钢琴，她的父母是多么地自豪啊！（How）即便上海牌照（the license plate）的价格一路飙升，人们对私家车的需求依然如故。（remain）
1.2.3.4.5.Be sure to be careful when crossing the road.Listening to pop music is my favorite way to relax after school.All medicine has side effects, which is medical knowledge everyone should have.How proud the parents were that night when they sat in the audience watching their daughter playing the piano!Despite the soaring price of license plate in Shanghai, people’s need for private cars remain the same.
第二篇：中译英祝福语
金玉满堂：Treasures fill the home
生意兴隆：Business flourishes
岁岁平安：Peace all year round
恭喜发财：Wishing you prosperity
和气生财：Harmony brings wealth
心想事成：May all your wishes come true
吉祥如意：Everything goes well
国泰民安：The country flourishes and people live in peace
招财进宝：Money and treasures will be plentiful
一帆风顺：Wishing you every success
步步高升：Promoting to a higher position
出入平安：Safe trip wherever you go
郎才女貌 talented guy and beautiful lady
天缘巧合 a destiny given by heaven and a wonderful match
天作之和 a match by heaven
心心相印 a complete meeting of minds
永结同心 to be of one mind forever
相亲相爱 to be kind and love to each other
百年好合 a harmonious union lasting a hundred years
永浴爱河 bathe in a river of love forever
佳偶天成 an ideal couple
百年琴瑟 married couple for a hundred years
百年偕老(of a married couple)to stick to each other for a hundred years
花好月圆 the flowers are in full bloom, and the moon is full-ideal time for wedding福禄鸳鸯 a happy wealthy couple
天缘巧合 a destiny given by heaven and a wonderful match
美满良缘 a happy and wonderful marriage
夫唱妇随 the man sings, the wife follows-domestic harmony
珠联璧合 an excellent match
凤凰于飞 a couple of phoenixes on the wing-happy marriage
美满家庭 a happy family
琴瑟和鸣 marital harmony;happy married life
相敬如宾(of a married couple)to respect each other as if the other were a guest
第三篇：中译英练习
Final Examination in C-to-E Translating Practice for the Graduate Students of 2008 Class(A Take-Home Examination)
Scores:
Translate the following passages into English, using what you have learned from the related courses in this semester.Try your best to make your English versions as readable and idiomatic as possible so as to fully demonstrate your C-to-E Translating proficiency.1、“胎教”自古不新鲜
作者：郭灿金
“胎教”似乎是件新鲜事，是个新名词。然而，我国古代就有非常完整的胎教理论，并且“胎教”这个名词也是古人创造的。
中国是世界上最早提出胎教的国家。在二千多前的《黄帝内经》中，就有关于“胎病”的论述。《大戴礼保傅》对于胎教更作出了明确的规定：“古者胎教，王后腹之七月，而就宴室。太史持铜而御户左，太宰持斗而御户右。比及三月者，王后所求声音非礼乐，则太师缊瑟而称不习；所求滋味者非正味，则太宰依斗而言曰：不敢以待王太子。”据《史记》记载，中国古代第一个对其子进行胎教的是周文王的母亲太任，因为受了严格的胎教，周文王生下来非常聪明。文王的孙子周成王也是接受过胎教之后而生，长大后也是智力超常。周朝就是这样用胎教的方法培养出一代代的理想接班人。到了汉代，各种书籍中出现了大量胎教内容的记载和论述，初步形成了胎教学说。宋代名医陈自明在《妇人大全良方》就有专篇“胎教论”。贾谊《新书》也有专门的《胎教》篇。《颜氏家训》也记载了相关内容：王后怀孩子三个月时，就要搬出皇宫，让她住在别宫里，眼不看不该看的东西，耳不听不该听的东西，所听音乐和所嗜口味等，都要按礼仪进行节制。到了明代，胎教学说更进一步完善和全面。清代陈梦雷等人把历代胎教学说汇集一起，立为“小儿未生胎养门”。
古人还曾这样总结过：“训子须从胎教始，端蒙必自小学初。”真可谓，“胎教”自古不新鲜。
（本文选自《读书文摘》2009年第5期，作者署名郭灿金。建议：先查证、弄懂文中的古汉语表述的准确含义之后，再行治译。）
①foetus education，nothing new since antiquity
Author: Guo Canjin
“foetus education”, seemly a new word, something strange, actually was created by people far from ancient times with a complete set of theory of antenatal training.It is China that first put forward the idea of foetus education.Treatments on fetal disease was recorded in the book back to 2,000 years —The Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine.The detailed prescriptions about prenatal training in Da, Sir.’s Book of Rites, Baaofu, read “ According to the ancient foetus education, the queen would be suggested to move to side-room Palace(a living place next to the room of Emperor)in her 7th month pregnancy, where Taishi(also called court historian or Grand Tutor, a formal name in ancient)holding the Tong(a kind of musical instrument)awaited the queen’s instructions beside the left of the door and meanwhile another official Taizai holding Dou(a kind of cooker, sometimes used as tableware)waited at the right of the door.In the last three months of queen’s pregnancy, Taishi would softly touch the musical instrument and pretend unfamiliar to play those pieces not living up to courtesy even though required by the queen.On the other hand, if ordered the improper menu, Taizai would not dare to cook by saying his incompetence in serving crown prince.According to Records of the Grand Historian of China, the first Chinese in ancient times taking the prenatal training was King Wen’s mother Tairen.Having been received strict antenatal training, King Wen of Zhou was born very clever.And King Wen’s grandson King Cheng of Zhou was also exceptional talent after receiving foetus education.Just in this way could Zhou dynasty educate many ideal successors generation after generation.When it came to Han Dynasty, a number of records and comments about foetus education emerging in public books initially formed the foetus education theory.In Song Dynasty, a famous doctor named Chen Ziming, wrote an essay specially for foetus education theory.In addition, JiaYi also made his article On Antenatal Training And Nursing published in New Book.Some relevant information were set down in Family Instructions of the Yan's: in the third month of queen’s pregnancy, she had to move from palace to side-room, not to see those should not see or hear those should not hear, and on matter what music queen would like to listen to or what dishes to eat, they must be performed rigorously and temperately according to proprieties.Advanced to Ming Dynasty, this theory was further improved and perfected.In Qing Dynasty, Chen Menglei and others collected those papers about foetus education in past dynasties together, titled “ An Educational Guidebook To Unborn Babies.The ancients used to make a summary as follows: child education should be started from womb and shape education direction from elementary stage.①古时候胎教，王后怀孕七个月后，就到宴室（宫殿名，侧室，燕寝之旁（燕寝，古代多指帝王寝息之所）).太史(应该是太师，古代三公之一(三公—太师、太傅、太保)，责为伦道经邦，为太子师法）拿着铜（古代的一种乐器）侍奉在门的左边，太宰（其职贵是辅佐君主治理国家）拿着斗（斗，一种餐具兼炊具方形，口大底小，有柄）站在右边，最后三个月（即产前三个月），王后要求听的乐曲不符合礼的标准，这样的话太师就会抚摸着乐器说自己不熟悉，不会演奏；所要求吃的滋味菜肴不是正确的，这样的话太宰就会拿着斗不敢烹调菜肴，说自己不敢服侍王太子。
2、五·四随想
作者：澧 人
屈指数“五四”，今年九十龄。这段岁月可不算短，期间吞没了无数的英雄块垒，美人情肠，真乃人活一世，草木一秋。但也有许多人虽死犹生，比如以陈独秀、胡适和鲁迅为代表的“五四”先贤们。
在“五四”一代文化人中，最具历史影响力的人物当数胡适和鲁迅。古人云：“春者，天
①之本怀；秋者，天之别调。”将此观点作一引申，胡适和鲁迅，大略也可视为本怀和别调之关系。不少学者慨叹，鲁迅一生有大孤独横亘于心，但在我看来，就心性和禀赋而言，胡适或许比鲁迅更孤独。我们可以从嵇康、徐渭、李贽等古人身上找到鲁迅的影子，但要从中国文化史上找一个胡适的前身或影子，则基本上无望。所以，理解鲁迅并不比理解胡适更为困难。
鲁迅弃医从文，但终生不脱医家的眼光。他深知中国人的灵魂病得很重，但究竟如何疗救，四顾彷徨的他又苦无良策；胡适弃农从文，却又像农学家那样希望地里长出好庄稼。他带回了新的种子，并将毕生精力耗在克服水土不服这一难题上。这是两个为国家命运而心力交瘁、苦恼万分的中国人，并因为这种苦恼而高贵。
正值“五四”九十周年，有关民主的话题自然受到人们的关切。前不久，俞可平在《半月谈》上发表文章，题为《关于民主亟待厘清的六个关系》。这篇文章最引人注目之处，在于提出“以发展民生去代替发展民主，是一种错误的思维”。是的，在当下中国，阻碍民生发展的诸多问题，如财富分配不公、纳税人负担沉重、公款消费数量惊人、权钱交易活动猖獗、经济领域垄断色彩依然浓厚等，都非发展民主不能解决。当然，发展民主的意义不只局限于发展民生，它还有助于人们获得更多的自由、尊严和真实。人类不是单纯的经济动物，除了企盼生活在富裕中，还希望生活在自由中，生活在尊严中，生活在真实中。不可侵犯的权利使人安享自由，手中握有的选票让人活得有尊严感，强有力的舆论监督帮助人们获得真实的信息。
„„ „„
（本文节选自《书屋》2009年第5期上的“书屋絮语”栏目，作者署名澧 人。题目是选作考试材料时加上去的。基于对学生汉译英能力进行测试的考虑，文字作了些许删减。）
Random Thoughts On May Fourth Movement
Author: Li Ren
“May Fourth” has been 90 years old.90 years are long enough to kill a great many heroes’ and beauties’ hopes.It’s usually said that lives are as changeable as seasons.However, represented by Chen Duxiu, Hu Shi, and Lu Xun, a number of sages of May Fourth, still live on in spirit.Among those May Fourth intellectuals, the most influence are surely Hu Shi and Lu Xun.Ancient cloud: “Spring is the true color of the nature;autumn is just an additional emotional appeal.” Extension of this sentence means the general relationship of nature and scene between Hu Shi and Lu Xun.Many a scholar sighs with regrets that Lu Xun is lonely all through his life, nevertheless, in my opinion, from the point of temperament and endowment, maybe Hu Shi is more lonely than Lu Xun.We also can see Lu Xun’s image from Ji Kan, Xu Wei, Li Zhi and others.But it is basically in vain to look for a precursor or a figure like Hu Shi in Chinese culture.So it is not so hard to understand Lu Xun than Hu Shi.Lu Xun abandoned the study of medicine to another field of literature and looked at things in the view of a doctor.He knew very well that Chinese were badly spiritual ill but he still wondered how to find the way to cure them;on the other hand, Hu Shi shifted from the agriculture domain to writing.Like farmers who wish the land can yield good crops, Mr Hu took new seeds home and devoted his whole life to the problem of accustoming seeds to new circumstances.They are two great persons putting all their efforts on country’s destiny, eventually mentally and physically exhausted, however, becoming noble for what they are annoying.At the 90th anniversary of May Fourth Movement, undoubtedly the topic of democracy is being discussed.Not long before, Yu Keping had his one article published on China Comment titled—On six need-to-be-clarified democratic relations, the highlight of which is that it puts forward a point—it is a wrong thinking way to develop people's livelihood instead of democracy.In present China, there are actually many problems hindering the development of people’s livelihood, for instance the unjust distribution of wealth, heavy burden on taxpayers, the surprising number of misuse of public funds, rampancy of power-for-money deal, strongly monopoly of the economic field, and so on.All these can not be solved without developing democracy.It is sure that the development of democracy is not limited to the development of people’s livelihood and it also contributed to the pursuit of more freedom, dignity and benefit for people.Human beings, not merely economic animals, besides to live an affluent life, they also expect to live a free life, a life with dignity, and a real life as well.Inviolable rights enable people to enjoy their freedom so a vote in hand gives people a feeling that they live in dignity, and strong public opinion helps people get the real information.①春天才是大自然本来的面目, 秋天只是额外加出来的景象、情调
第四篇：9.11hanxiaozf中译英(中英对照)
随着我国社会经济的不断发展，国有企业在我国经济领域扮演的角色也不断的发生变化。而S公司作为我国改革开放后成立的第一批国家级开发区的第一批区属国有企业，其发展也进入了新的历史阶段。在成立的近30年时间中，S公司逐步形成同时拥有十余个大小项目，业务领域覆盖较广的的企业。但随着多个项目同时开展，加之市场竞争的加剧、国有资产出资人对于项目绩效要求的不断提升、企业内部资源稀缺等因素，S公司迫切需要建立适应多项目同时运作的项目管理组织体系。
本文正是根据上述背景，灵活运用理论研究和实例调研相结合的方式，阐述了 S 公司实施项目组合管理的必要性、目的和意义。同时在大量对项目管理、项目组合管理理论文献研究的基础上，结合S公司的具体情况，从企业外部环境及内部情况分析逐步深入，重点分析了企业管理现状和存在的问题，进而探索并建立了适应S公司的项目组合管理模式，主要包含了明确项目组合管理观念、建立项目组合管理体系、明确项目组合管理流程、建立项目优选机制、项目组合管理实施、项目组合管理保障系统、冲突的实施对策等七个方面。通过以上体制、机制、制度规范了 S公司实施项目组合管理的整体程序。
本文从最为基础也是最重要的项目管理这个角度进行了一些探索，为S公司如何在经济环境日益复杂、竞争日益激烈的时代，在央企及大型私营企业、外资企业强势挤压下夹缝般的生存环境里，摆脱体制陈旧的束缚，挣脱资本条件薄弱的不利影响，探索出了一条切实可行的道路，即充分利用现代化先进管理思想武装自己，实现创新突破，提升管理效能。
关键词：项目管理，项目组合管理，项目管理体系
第五篇：中译英翻译技巧
一、戒“从一而终”
汉语言简意赅，句子灵活，往往是一个汉语词汇对应N个英语词汇，具体到在本句中应该采用哪个意项，务必抓住精神实质，不可以不变应万变。至于怎么应变，这就是显示译者功力的地方了。
比如：都是“问题”，下面的翻译各不相同，几乎是打一枪换一个地方。
共同关心的问题 questions of common interest
解决问题 solve a problem
问题的关键 the heart of the matter
关键问题 a key problem
原则问题 a question/matter of principle
没有什么问题 without any mishap
摩托车有点问题 Something is wrong with the motorcycle.问题不在这里 That is not the point.译者要掌握这种汉英翻译中的“游击战术”，翻译家应是不同“文化王国”边境线上的“游击战略家”。
沙博里将《水浒传》译为：Outlaws of the Marsh(沼泽地上的亡命之徒)，杨宪益译将屈原的《国殇》译为：For Those Fallen forTheir Country，北外出版社将《儒林外史》译为：The Scholars。这些都是译者吃透了原文的原意而译出的佳作。
二、戒望文生义，机械直译
这多半是初学者犯的毛病，他们易于被表面现象所迷惑。
黄牛(yellow cow——ox前误后正，下同)黄鹂(yellow bird ——oriole)
黄瓜(yellow melon——cucumber)紫菜(purple vegetable ——laver)
红木(red wood——padauk)红豆杉(red fir——Chinese yew)
黑社会(black society ——sinister gang)
三、戒“水土不符”，习惯搭配失当
这的确是难度系数较大的问题，它要求译者既有较高的中文修养，又要有较高的英文造诣，一知半解的人常常在此“翻车”。如：
写罢，掷笔在桌上。又歌了一回，再饮数杯酒，不觉沉醉，力不胜酒，便呼酒保计算了，取些银子算还，多的都赏了酒保。
And tossed the pen on the table.He intoned the verses to himself, then downed a few more cups of wine.He was very dunk.Song-Jiang asked for the bill, paid, and told the waiter to keep the change.(沙博里译《水浒传·浔阳楼宋江吟反诗》)
目前，《水浒传》最好的英译本要数沙博里先生的本子了。沙博里出生在美国，青年时来到中国，一住就是半个多世纪。为了译好《水浒传》，据说他潜心研究了山东的地方志和旧时方言，可谓精诚所致，译著既“达”又“雅”。然而历史告诉我们，中国古人没有用过钢笔，宋朝时用的还是毛笔，故the pen 应改为the writing-brush。
下面的译文就较好地照顾到了西方人的思维和理解习惯。
美国把贸易和扯在一起，只会损害两国的经济利益。
The US policy of linking trade with human rights can only bring harm to the economic interests of the two countries.关起门来搞建设是不成的，中国的发展离不开世界。China can't develop in isolation from the rest of the world.四、戒主语暗淡
主语是句子的灵魂，定住译文的主语是关键的一步棋。主语定偏了，整个句子将显得松散乏力，甚至会误导读者。例如：
如果这个问题不解决，势必影响两国的利益。
Failure to settle this issue is bound to impair the relations between the two countries seriously.If the problem is not solved, it is sure to affect the interests between the two countries.在上面的两种译文中，显然第一种译文主语选得好，句子流畅。又如：
厨房里少了一条鱼，主人发誓要一查到底，揪出偷鱼的贼。夏威夷的沙滩上，椰影婆娑，海风习习，一妙龄女郎正躺在白色的塑料椅上养神。
On the Hawaiian sandy beach, the coconut palms are whirling, the congenial sea breeze is blowing, and a young lady is lying in the white plastic chair resting to restore energy.因为是轻松读本，又是描述性的文字，使用三个主语the coconut palms、the congenial sea breeze、a young lady仍是可取的。
五、戒结构单调，组合生硬“拉郎配”
由于汉英结构不同，表达方式迥异，“硬性翻译”不仅读起来别扭，而且会闹出笑话。这就要求译者在翻译时灵活使用整合的技巧，将句子整合，凸显汉语中所隐含的层次，补充所缺失的成分。有时要将简单句译成并列句，有时将并列句译成主从句。
在纪念大学毕业20周年聚会时，我忽然问起原来的班主任：“我个子又不矮，怎么把我安排在了第一排呢？”
At the reunionpartyfor 20 anniversary of graduation from university, I suddenly asked my former teacher in charge of our class then:“ Since I am not of short stature, how did you arrange me at the first row?”
一个高度近视的女博士去擦鞋店擦高统靴，秃头老板亲自蹲下来给她效劳。
When a woman doctor who suffers a severe myopic went to shoes-polishing shop for her buskins，the bald boss squatted down to serve her personally.六、戒“愚忠”，不谙增减之道
我们耳熟能详的东西外国人可能会感到一头雾水，译者需要增加必要的说明和补充或者减译。否则，外国人会不知所云。毕竟，汉译英最终是给外国人看的。
例如：风水
fengshui——the location of a house or tomb, supposed to have an influence on the fortune of a family.七、戒语句重复
汉语多重复，以强化语气；英语则要尽量避免重复。
王曰：“此鸟不飞则已，一飞冲天；不鸣则已，一鸣惊人。”
“The bird may not have flown yet”, replied the King,“Once it does, it will soar to the sky.I may not have cried out yet, but once it does, it will startle everyone.”
(杨宪益译《史记-滑稽列传》）
中国人也好，外国人也好，死人也好，活人也好，对的就是对的，不对的就是不对的。
What is right is right and what is wrong is wrong, no matter what it concerns, the Chinese or foreigners, the dead or the living.八、戒另起炉灶，走失精气神
译文要力求其“信”，尽可能契合汉语原来句子的气势、情绪和结构。
例如，元朝人王实甫写下了《西厢记》，张雪静改编后并作了翻译——
掏出张生那封信，回头环视见梳妆台上的梳妆盒，眼睛一转，心里说有了，将信放了进去，合上盖时故意压了一角露在外面。
Rose took out Zhang's letter, she thought, “It would be better to put it in her make-up case, and letter find it herself.” So she put the letter in the case, leaving a corner of it sticking out, so that it would be quickly noticed.不难看出，译文与原文相去甚远，互不吻合，成了“两张皮”。
你已经死在过深的怨愤里了吗？
死？不，不，我还活着——
请给我以火，给我以火！
Have you perished in this deep rancor and bitterness?
Death? No, no.I’m still alive.Please give me a light, give me a light!
我们承诺：追求天人和谐，人际和谐，身心和谐，追求人人相亲，人人平等，天下为公，努力实现 我们城市的和谐统一。
这里所说的“天人和谐”“人际和谐”“ 身心和谐”“人人相亲”“人人平等”“天下为公”，无疑都体现中华文化的内涵。但是，如果将它们原样照搬地直译成英文恐怕就难免出现冗长和累赘。以“身心和谐”和“天下为公”为例，它们的英译分别是harmony between body and mind和the whole world as one community.可在“世界历史文化名城市长论坛”的宣言中郑重其事地提出要追求基于阴阳五行之上的 “harmony between body and mind” 是不是恰当呢？至于在列举了那么多的“和谐”追求，以及“人人相亲”“人人平等”的目标后，再另加一个汉字语境下声势夺人，英语语境下却平淡无奇的对“天下为公（the whole world as one community）”的追求，似乎也有点不伦不类。“南京宣言”的英语文本对这段话是这样翻译的：
We are committed to achieving harmony between man and nature, in people-to-people relationahips, and in the development of urban societies.We will work for fraternity, equality, and justice.原文中“身心和谐”、“人人相亲”、“ 人人平等”、“天下为公”的“四字格”表述在译文中统统被融进了整句话的意境和精神中，不另译出。而这样做的结果是译文反而愈显蕴义明晰、简洁得体。既传达出原文的本质含义，又避免了照搬汉语行文风格而导致的英文表述拖泥带水，值得我们借鉴。
总理在本次记者招待会上，引用了《战国策》中的一句“行百里者半九十”。那么，《战国策》的英文名称是什么呢？
Stratagems of the Warring States
这就是《战国策》名称的英译。有不少我们常用的成语就是出自《战国策》，比如：
鹬蚌相争，渔翁得利
这个成语我们可以翻译成：a quarrel which benefits only a third party 或者借用英语中一句相应的俗语：When shepherds quarrel, the wolf has a winning game.这句俗语翻译成中文，也有“螳螂捕蝉，黄雀在后”的意思。借用英语中的固定表达法来翻译成语，是一个很好的方法，同学们要记得平时多多积累这方面的知识哦。
当然，在不怎么正式的场合，这个成语我们也可以简单翻译成：Two dogs strive for a Bone, and a third runs away with it.画蛇添足
同样，这个成语也可以借用英语中现成的表达法：gild the lily，给百合花镀金，当然就是画蛇添足的意思啦。
狡兔三窟
A crafty person has more than one hideout 三人成虎
这个成语出自一个典故，意为当很多人都以讹传讹的时候，谎言也就成了真理 可以翻译成：A lie, if repeated often enough, will be accepted as truth.狐假虎威
肯尼迪总统曾在自己的讲话中引用这个成语，他说的是：to seek power by riding the back of the tiger 总理也引用了《离骚》中的一句：亦余心之所善兮，虽九死其犹未悔
我们也先来看《离骚》名字的翻译吧：The Sorrow of Separation 同样，其中的名句也有很多，比如这一句：
民生各有所乐兮，余独好修以为常。
可以翻译成：Everybody has his own interest, but I especially love moral cultivation.口译中有时候不需要太讲究字眼，一定要翻译得和原文一样文采斐然，最重要的是抓住意思，第一保证准确，第二保证句式通顺易于理解。“兄弟虽有小忿，不废懿亲”这一句则是出自《左传》，是春秋时期鲁国史官左丘明所著，所以书名可以翻译成：
Zuo's Commentary
和《战国策》一样，《左传》中也有不少成语：
外强中干
这个成语的翻译我们可以借用毛主席的一句名言：一切反动派都是纸老虎。a paper tiger 是当时对这句话的直译，用在这里也非常贴切。
城下之盟
这个成语是指敌人兵临城下时被逼签订的合约，所以可以直接翻译成：a forced “treaty of peace” 多行不义必自毙
这句铿锵有力，而翻译时我们也可以借用英文中的一句俗语：Give a thief rope enough and he will hang himself.只是相比原文，气势不够。但如果在现场翻译中遇到这句，同学们就可以以现成的英语表达法来应急；如果觉得还可以有更好的翻译，那就要靠平时自己多琢磨啦，然后有机会的话，也可以像我们的美女口译员张璐那样，给出精彩的翻译哦。
850407
54424926haiyan
点击咨询 