高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——被动语态

第一篇：高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——被动语态

高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——被动语态

（内部使用）张老师 ◆典型陷阱题分析◆

1.“Do you like the material？” “Yes, it _____ very soft.”

A.is feelingB.feltC.feelsD.is felt

（1）Her forehead _____ hot.I’m afraid she is ill.A.is feelingB.feltC.is feltD.feels

（2）The new school has been completed.It _____ very beautiful.A.is lookedB.lookedC.has lookedD.looks

（3）The dish _____ nice, but the milk _____ sour.A.is smelt, is smeltB.is smelt, smellsC.smells, is smeltD.smells, smells

（4）The story of his life _____ interesting.A.is soundedB.is soundingC.has soundedD.sounds

2.He was angry _____ your work.He said that he _____ at all.A.at, didn’t satisfyB.to, didn’t satisfyC.at, wasn’t satisfiedD.to, wasn’t satisfied

◆精编陷阱题训练◆

1.The president _____ a cool reception when he visited London.A.gaveB.was givenC.had givenD.had been given

2.A red sky in the morning _____ to be a sign of bad weather.A.saysB.is sayingC.has saidD.is saidIf you go there alone after dark you might get _____.A.attacked and robbedB.attacking and robbing

B.to attack and robD.to be attacked and robbed

4.What I wanted to know was when and where the meeting ______.A.was holdingB.had heldC.was to holdD.was to be held

5.New medicines and instruments ______ every day to extend life.A.developB.are being developedC.are developingD.have developed

6.I’ll come after the meeting if time ______.A.permitsB.is permittingC.is permittedD.has permitted

7.The students _____ ￡50 a year to cover the cost of books and stationery.A.giveB.are givenC.have givenD.to give

8.With the development of science, more new technology _______ to the fields of IT.A.has introducedB.is being introducedC.is introducedD.was introduced

9.“How about the dishes, Dear？” “The beef didn’t taste very good.It ______ too long.”

A.cookedB.had been cookedC.was cookedD.had cooked

10.He kept a little notebook, in which ______ the names and addresses of his friends.A.wroteB.was writingC.was writtenD.were written

11.“Look！Everything here is under construction.” “What is the small building that ______for？”

A.is being buildingB.has been builtC.is builtD.is being built

12.Hundreds of jobs _______ if the factory closes.A.loseB.will be lostC.are lostD.will lose

13.A red sky in the morning ______ to be a sign of bad weather.A.saysB.is sayingC.has saidD.is said

14.New medicines and instruments ______ every day to extend life.A.developB.are being developedC.are developingD.have developed

动词用法与辨析

◆典型陷阱题分析◆

1.If you want to sell your product you must _____ it.A.advertiseB.advertise forC.advertise onD.advertise to

2.No matter how much you’ve learned and how high a standard of education you have had, you must _______ the people heart and soul.A.serveB.serve forC.serve toD.serve on

（1）I _____ you yesterday, but you weren’t in.A.rangB.rang toC.rang withD.rang to

（2）Neither of her parents wanted her to _____ her cousin.A.marryB.marry to

C.marry withD.marry for

（3）How can I _____ you, Mr.Green？

A.contactB.contact withC.contact toD.contact for

3.According to the rules, students must not ______ their books during examinations.A.read B.watchC.notice D.look at

4.“I love traveling.I hope to go with you this time.” “But does your mother _____ you to go？”

A.letB.agreeC.allowD.promise

5.If they _______ to make heart-felt apologies soon we will have to bring an action against them.A.disagreedB.refusedC.agreedD.hoped

6.They own two cars, not to _____ a motorbike.A.speakB.sayC.talkD.mention

7.“Do your parents agree to your doing that？” “Yes, of course.In fact, they always ______ me to try something new.”

A.hopeB.suggestC.supportD.encourage

8.Nowadays everyone hopes to ______ good education so as to get a good job in the future.A.acceptB.accept aC.receiveD.receive a

9.Wearing dark glasses can _______ your eyes from the sun.A.careB.preventC.defendD.protect

10.Mr.Smith was in great need of money, so he ____ $2 000 for his car.A.paidB.tookC.costD.spent

11.There are many kinds _____, but I don’t know which to buy.A.to be chosenB.to choose fromC.to chooseD.for choosing

请做以下试题

（1）“We have sent out two best players to the sports meet.What about you？” “Well, not yet.We have few ______, I’d say.”

A.chosenB.to chooseC.to be chosenD.to choose from

（2）“I’d like to buy an expensive camera.” “Well, we have several models ______.”

A.to pick upB.to pickC.to chooseD.to choose from

12.I _____ him not to go abroad, but he wouldn’t listen.A.persuadedB.tried to persuadeC.have persuadedD.was persuaded

13.When she came several days later, she found that all things still _______ where she had _______ them.A.lay;laidB.laid;laidC.lay;lainD.lying;lain

（1）The hens _____ 50 eggs last week, but this week they aren’t _____.A.lay, lyingB.laid, layingC.lay, layingD.lied, lying

（2）The girl ______ on the ground _____ to me that had _____ the purse on the desk.A.lying, lay, laidB.lying, lied, laidC.lie, lied, layD.lay, lied, lain

14.He _____ a visit to the factory and was warmly _____ by the workers there.A.took, welcomeB.took, welcomedC.paid, welcomeD.paid, welcomed

15.The boy said that the fish his mother cooked tasted ______.A.goodB.wellC.to be goodD.to be well

◆精编陷阱题训练◆

1.We’re so busy that no one in the office can _____ for any other work.A.spareB.be sparedC.shareD.be shared

2.He regards that book _____ one of the worst that he’s _____ read.A.to be, everB.to be, neverC.as, everD.as, never

3.“Did you get a job？” “No, I ______, but it’s no use.”

A.expectedB.tried toC.managed toD.planned

4.“Do you know that Jack ______ a postman for about six years？” “Yes, I see.”

A.has becomeB.has turnedC.has changedD.has been

5.The thing that ______ is not whether you fail or not, but whether you try or not.A.mattersB.caresC.considersD.minds

6.I don’t want the green coat.It is red and black colours that ______ me very well.A.suitB.fitC.suitsD.fits

7.“Will another fifty be enough？” “Just twenty will ______.”

A.workB.doC.suitD.fit

8.Goodbye, Mr Carter — my secretary will _____ you to the door.A.sendB.leadC.driveD.show

9.This kind of cancer can be cured, provided it is ______ early.A.gotB.gainedC.seenD.caught

10.We haven’t enough books for everyone;some of you will have to _____.A.helpB.enjoyC.shareD.spare

11.He asked her to marry him and she _____ him.A.answeredB.receivedC.acceptedD.agreed

12.My worst fears were _____ when I saw what the exam questions were.A.doneB.seenC.finishedD.realized

13.The plan looks good on paper, but will it _____？

A.workB.passC.agreeD.does

14.What’s the matter with the radio？ Why isn’t it _____？

A.broadcastingB.workingC.doingD.sounding

15.High unemployment _____ the government billions of pounds in lost taxes.A.spendsB.takesC.usesD.costs

16.It’s hard to rescue drowning people because they _____ so much.A.sinkB.swimC.jumpD.struggle

17.She went to the station to meet her husband, but _____ him in the crowd.A.passedB.recognizedC.missedD.lost

18.I missed what was happening because I wasn’t ______ very closely.A.noticingB.runningC.watchingD.glancing

19.If you lend me a pound, it will _____ me having to go to the bank.A.saveB.shareC.serveD.help

20.Don’t _______ your breath trying to persuade them;they’ll never listen.A.useB.wasteC.spendD.put

21.He has spent little time on his lessons this term, so he _____ to fail the exam.A.expectsB.hopesC.wishesD.requires

22.He will never ______ anything if he doesn’t work hard.A.hopeB.wishC.achieveD.succeed

第二篇：高考英语陷阱题总结归纳(时态题)

高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——动词时态

1.“I _____ his telephone number.” “I have his number, but I ____ to bring my phone book.”

A.forget, forgetB.forgot, forgot

C.forget, forgotD.forgot, forget

— Oh, I ______ where he lives.— Don’t you carry your address book？

No, I ______ to bring it.A.forget, forgetB.forgot, forgot

C.forget, forgotD.forgot, forget

2.I had hoped to see her off at the station, but I _____ too busy.A.wasB.had been

C.would beD.would have been

（1）We had hoped to catch the 10：20 train, but _____ it was gone.A.foundB.had found

C.would findD.would have found

（2）We had hoped that you would be able to visit us, but you _____.A.didn’tB.hadn’t

C.needn’tD.would not have

（3）We had wanted to come to see him, but we ____ no time.A.hadB.had had

C.would haveD.would have had

（4）I had expected to come over to see you last night, but someone ______ and I couldn’t get away.A.calledB.had called

C.would call D.would have called

（5）The traffic accident wouldn’t have happened yesterday, but the driver _______ really careless.A.was B.is

C.were D.had been

3.Dear me！Just _____ at the time！I _____ no idea it was so late.A.look, haveB.looking, had

C.look, hadD.looking, have

4.“Your phone number again？ I _____ quite catch it.” “It’s 4331577”

A.didn’t B.couldn’t

C.don’tD.can’t

（1）“Mr Smith isn’t coming tonight.” “ But he _____.”

A.promises B.promised

C.will promise D.had promised

（2）“Hey, look where you are going！” “Oh, I’m terribly sorry._____.”

A.I’m not noticingB.I wasn’t noticing

C.I haven’t noticedD.I don’t notice

（3）“Oh it’s you！I ________ you.” “I’ve had my hair cut.”

A.didn’t realizeB.haven’t realized

C.didn’t recognizeD.don’t recognized

（4）“What’s her new telephone number？” “Oh, I _____.”

A.forgetB.forgot

C.had forgottenD.am forgetting

（5）“Since you’ve agreed to go, why aren’t you getting ready？” “But I ______ that you would have me start at once.”

A.don’t realizeB.didn’t realize

C.hadn’t realizedD.haven’t realized

（6）“It’s twelve o’clock, I think I must be off now.” “Oh, really？ I ______ it at all.”

A.don’t realizeB.haven’t realized

C.didn’t realizeD.hadn’t realized

5.Mr Smith ______ a book about China last year but I don’t know whether he has finished it.A.has writtenB.wrote

C.had writtenD.was writing

6.He has changed a lot.He _______ not what he _______.A.is, isB.was, was

C.is, wasD.was, is

“What place is it？” “Haven’t you found out we _____ back where we ______？”

A.were, had beenB.have been, are

C.are, wereD.are, had been

7.He is very busy.I don’t know if he _____ or not tomorrow.A.comeB.comes

C.will comeD.is coming

（1）I don’t know if she _____, but if she ____ I will let you know.A.comes, comesB.will come, will come

C.comes, will comeD.will come, comes

（2）“When _____ he come？” “I don’t know, but when he _____, I’ll tell you.”

A.does, comesB.will, will come

C.does, will comeD.will, comes

（3）“When he _____ is not known yet.” “But when he ____, he will be warmly welcomed.”

A.comes, comesB.will come, will come

C.comes, will comeD.will come, comes

8.The bridge, which _____ 1688, needs repairing.A.is dated fromB.was dated from

C.dates fromD.dated from

第三篇：高考英语跳出单选陷阱题

高考英语定向思维干扰跳出单选陷阱题

1、定向思维干扰

定向思维是指的人们在长期的思维过程中,所形成的一种固定的思维习惯和模式。高中三年,大家都做了不计其数的练习题,特别是单项选择题。所以,很多同学都形成了对于题目的思维定势。而命题人却恰恰运用了这一点命出一些题目了,致使很多考生落入陷阱中。今年高考中重庆卷26题,江苏卷34题,辽宁卷29题,安徽卷22题,山东卷26均是此类题。

【考例1】(2006重庆26)Isn’t it time you got down to _______ the papers? A.mark B.be marked C.being marked D.marking 【答案解密】误选A。to在学生的记忆中,经常是被用于不定式符号的,不定式加动词原形,考生牢记心中,所以答案选择A理所当然。但是,这里to却是一个介词,get down to doing sth.开始认真对待某事。所以答案却应该是选择的D。【跳出陷阱】考生在做题时,遇到像to这样既能做不定式又能做介词的词时,要多留一个心眼,多进行一些考虑,不要一看答案就很快地选择,根本不做任何的分析。

【考例2】(2006江苏34)A poet and artist ________ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.A.is B.are C.was D.were 【答案解密】误选B。许多考生看到and后,想肯定不是一个人,所以答案B感觉很正确,其实这边是a poet and artist只是代表一个人,这个人既是诗人又是艺术家,当然是用单数,如果改成a poet and an artist那么答案就应该选择B了。【跳出陷阱】考生做题时,一定要仔细观察题目,切忌感觉这些题目都做过很多便了,凭定向思维去做题。

2、中文思维干扰

由于我们的母语是中文,所以大家潜意识里会用中文的思维去思考英语中的问题,用中国人生活方式去强加人外国人。这就是大家在做题的时候受到了中文思维的影响。这两年,这一考点是相当地受到命题人的喜欢,而却又是我们考生的最痛苦的一类题目。今年高考中,全国一卷29题,天津卷6、10题,江西卷22题,辽宁卷33题,均采用了此种命题手法。

【考例3】(2006天津6)We want to rent a bus which can _________ 40 people for our trip to Beijing.A.load B.hold C.fill D.support 【答案解密】误选A、C。我们经常说,一辆车“装”多少人,所以,很多同学会选择A、C。而事实上,A一般是用来表示装货物的,不能用来装人,而C更多的意思上是表示装满,所以不能选择。事实上是hold有容纳的意思,所以在这里只能选择B。

【跳出陷阱】英语单词的意思不能单靠记住书本上的意思,一个单词的意思是很多的。另外这些单词的意思上可能与中文意思接近,但却不能使用。大家在平时记忆单词的时候要特别注意。【考例4】(2006江西22)——I’m dead tired.I can’t walk any farther, Jenny.——_______________, Tommy.You can do it!A.No problem B.No hurry C.come on D.That’s OK

【答案解密】误选B、D。为什么会选择B和D,因为这是我们中国人的习惯说法。我太累了,走不动了。没关系,别急,你能行的。BD进去,很舒服。但外国人一般是不会这么讲的。根据外国人的文化习惯,一般会给予你鼓励,鼓励你继续做下去,所以是应该用come on。意思是,加油!你一定能行的。

【跳出陷阱】不要用中国人的交流方式去想英国人的交流方式,在平时复习中,记住一些中英文化区别带来的特定的情景。做题的时候要考虑一下,这些情景是不是中西文化的差异。

3、标点符号干扰

标点符号是一个我们都不重视的环节。在读题时,一般不会有学生太多地去注意标点符号。最常见的问题是“问号”,这是过去高考中常考的。而现在高考中会出现越来越多的题目与标点符号有关,不光出现在单项选择中,其他题型中也会出现。今年全国卷一被认为最难的一个题目,就是由标点符号导致的。【考例5】(2006全国一卷35)Mary, _________ here—everybody else, stay where you are.A.come B.comes C.to come D.coming 【答案解密】一个破折号,使得一个很简单的句子变得很复杂,许多同学在想这个句子是什么类型的复合句啊,但很少有同学想到,破折号连接的却是两个非常简单的祁使句。要求Mary做come here这个动作;要求everybody else做stay where you are的动作。一个破折号,让学生根本找不到解题的思路。但这个题目,却是一个非常好的题目。【跳出陷阱】复习时,对标点符合进行简单的复习,至少要知道英语中标点符合大致的用法。特别是和中文的区别。

4、插入信息干扰

高考的命题人非常喜欢在一个简单的句子里面，插入一些将要的信息，主要是为了干扰学生的正常的思维能力，分散考生的注意力。主要的干扰信息设置在插入语、定语和从句等。对于此类题目，考生可以把这些无用的信息完全的去掉，这样，题目会变得很简单。今年高考中，重庆卷33题，陕西卷12题，辽宁卷27题，四川卷30题就是这一类型的。

【考例6】（2006重庆卷33）Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class _______ he had to meet his uncle at the airport.A.why B.that C.where D.because

【答案解密】乍一看，感觉这个题目是一个很复杂的从句，理解上很困难，其实，把干扰信息去掉后，这个句子就是Nobody believed his reason _____ he had to meet his uncle.He had to meet his uncle其实就是reason的一个同位语从句，所以，答案就很容易选择出来是B了。

【跳出陷阱】做题时，只要把插入信息去掉后再去分析，就会化难为简了。

5、忽视语境情境

高考英语单项选择题由于命题思路的变化，纯语法题越来越少，换之许多题目增加了语境，在语境中题目可能完全改变了意思。如果同学们做题的时候不去注意语境，那么，很容易误选。而今年高考题中，重庆卷22题和安徽卷23题就是这一类型。

【考例7】（2006安徽卷23）

—How are you getting on with your cleaning? Do you need my help? —_________, but I think I’m all right.A.No, thanks B.That’s OK C.You are helpful D.That’s very kind of you

【答案解密】很多同学会选择A答案。但是，A答案和后面的就不能用but连接了。只有对别人表示感谢或者赞美后，再说我想我能行，这样才行。

【跳出陷阱】分析语境，在语境中考虑问题，考虑答案。

6、省略答语干扰

现在的单项选择题中，经常会出现省略答语的情况。省略后，使得学生不易看清楚句子的结构、意思。对于此类试题，学生只要学会恢复句子就可以选择出正确的答案了。今年高考中，北京卷22题，湖北卷29题即为此类型。【考例8】（2006北京卷22）

—When do we need to pay the balance? —_________ September 30.A.In B.By C.During D.Within

【答案解密】将答语省略部分恢复，即we need to pay the balance_____ September 30.显然，四个选项中，只有B是正确的了。

【跳出陷阱】学会将省略的答语恢复过来，是这一类型题目解题的关键所在。

经过上面的分析，想必大家对陷阱题也有所认识了，其实当同学们遇到这种题时，既不可“轻易下手”，也不可不知所措，而应做到先三思而后行。首先，同学们要认真审题，发现“陷阱”。要灵活地运用语法规则，理顺思路，寻找“陷阱”。其次，要运用多向思维，分析“陷阱”。不要用习惯的、单一的、片面的思维去解题。再次，要去伪存真，识别“陷阱”。要抓住基本知识点及特殊现象，不厌其烦地归纳理解，认清选择题目中的“鱼目”及“珍珠”，避免落入“陷阱”。最后就是要加强验证，跳出“陷阱”。这就要求学习者要有良好的检查验证习惯，掌握验证的方法，即使落入了“陷阱”，也能在验证过程中，发现“陷阱”，并迅速地跳出来。

第四篇：高中高考英语陷阱题总结【it用法题目】

◆it 用法 精编陷阱题训练◆

1.Why shouldn’t I buy a new coat — I haven’t bought _____ for five years.A.it B.that C.one D.which 2.He made _____ known to his friends that he didn’t want to enter politics.A.that

B.it C.himself D.him

3.It used to be thought _____ the Earth was flat.A.as

B.when C.since D.that

4.The Parkers bought a new house but ______ will need a lot of work before they can move in.A.they

B.it

C.one D.which

5._______ is well known _______ Hong Kong returned to China on July 1st, 1997.A.It, that C.As, as

B.As, /

D.It, which

6.— I don’t know whether I should go abroad or not, Mum.— I leave _______ to your own judgment whether you should do it.A.that B.it C.this D.what

7.Does ________ matter if he can’t finish the job on time? A.this B.that C.he D.it

8.They are good friends._______ is no wonder that they know each other so well.A.This C.There

B.That D.It

9.They live on a busy main road.______ must be very noisy.A.There B.It C.That D.They

10.Why don’t you bring ______ to his attention that you are too busy to do it?

A.this C.that

B.what D.it

11.“Look at that lady on the stage.She’s already forty.” “You are joking.She doesn’t look ________.”

A.so C.that

B.it D.this

13._______ was known to them all that William had broken his promise ______ he would give each of them a gift.A.As;Which B.What;that C.It;that D.It;which

14.In the west, people make _______ a rule to send Christmas present to their relatives and friends.A.this B.that C.it D.the following

【 it 用法 答案与解析】

1.选C。one 指 a coat。比较：it = the +名词，one = a+名词，换句话说，it 是特指的，而one 则是泛指的。

2.选B。it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语是 that he didn’t want to enter politics。3.选D。it 为形式主语，此句为 People used to think that the Earth was flat 的被动语态形式。

4.选B。it 指前面提到的 new house。注意不能选D，因为其前有并列连词but。

5.选A。it 为形式主语，其后的that从句为主语从句。比较下面一题，答案选B： _______ is well known, _______ Hong Kong returned to China on July 1st, 1997.A.It, that B.As, / C.As, as D.It, which

6.选B。it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语是 whether you should do it.7.选 D。it doesn’t matter if…, does it matter if… 等为英语常用表达。8.选 D。it’s no wonder that… 意为“难怪……”、“……不足为怪”，为英语固定表达，其中的 it’s 也可省略，即只说 No wonder that…。如：

No wonder(that)he didn’t want to go.难怪他不想去。9.选B。it 指环境。

10.选 D。it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语是 that you are too busy to do it.12.选 B。it 指 her age。look one’s age 为习语，意为“容貌与年龄相称”。13.选C。第一空填 it，为形式主语；第二空填that，用以引导一个同位语从句，修饰 promise。

14.选 C。it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语是其后的不定式 to send Christmas present to their relatives and friends。

第五篇：英语被动语态总结

英语被动语态总结与练习

一、被动语态的构成形式

1.被动语态的基本时态变化

被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由“be＋过去分词”构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：

1)am/is/are +done(过去分词)一般现在时

Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.2)has /have been done 现在完成时

All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.3)am/is /are being done 现在进行时

A new cinema is being built here．

4)was/were done 一般过去时

I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.5)had been done 过去完成时

By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.6)was/were being done 过去进行时

A meeting was being held when I was there.7)shall/will be done 一般将来时

Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.8)should/would be done 过去将来时

The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.9)shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）

The project will have been completed before July.10)should/would have been done 过去将来完成时（少用）

He told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon.2.被动语态的特殊结构形式

1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.2)有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。

His mother gave him a present for his birthday.可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.3)当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。

Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette.可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.4)在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。

Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building.5)有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。

The meeting is to be put off till Friday.3.非谓语动词的被动语态

v.+ing 形式及不定式 to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态)。

I don't like being laughed at in the public.二、如何使用被动语态

学习被动语态时，不仅要知道被动语态的各种语法结构，还要知道在哪些情况中使用被动语态。

1.讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者(这时可省 by 短语)。

My bike was stolen last night.2.借助被动的动作突出动作的执行者。

I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should accept the offer.3.为了更好地安排句子。

The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people.（一个主语就够了）

三、It is said that+从句及其他类似句型

一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句”或“主语＋be＋过去分词＋to do sth.”。有：

It is said that… 据说……It is reported that…据报道……It is believed that…大家相信……It is hoped that…大家希望…… It is well known that…众所周知……It is thought that…大家认为……It is suggested that…据建议……

It is said that the boy has passed the national exam.（＝The boy is said to have passed the national exam.）

四、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义

1.英语中有很多动词如break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式 表达被动意义,主语通常是物。This kind of cloth washes well.注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。

试比较：The door won't lock．（指门本身有毛病）

The door won't be locked．（指不会有人来锁门, 指“门没有锁”是人的原因）

2.表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等以主动形式表示被动意义。

How do the newspapers come out? 这些报纸是如何引出来的呢？ 3.系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, book, feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。

Your reason sounds reasonable.五、非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义

在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义。

1.在need，want，require, bear等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。The house needs repairing（to be repaired）．这房子需要修理。

2.形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。

The picture-book is well worth reading．（＝The picture-book is very worthy to be read．）

3.动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时，又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系, 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。

I have a lot of things to do this afternoon．(to do与things是动宾关系，与I是主谓关系。)

试比较：

I’ll go to the post office.Do you have a letter to be posted?(此处用不定式的被动语态作定语表明you不是post动作的执行者。)

4.在某些“形容词＋不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。

例This problem is difficult to work out.（可看作to work out省略了for me）.5.在too… to…结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。

This book is too expensive(for me)to buy.6.在there be…句型中，当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时，不定式用主动式作定语，重点在人，用被动形式作定语，重点在物。例There is no time to lose（to be lost）．（用to lose可看成for us to lose；用to be lost，谁 lost time不明确。）7.在be to do结构中的一些不定式通常应用主动表主动, 被动表被动。然而,由于古英语的影响,下列动词rent, blame, let等仍用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。

Who is to blame for starting the fire?

六、介词in, on, under等+名词构成介词短语表被动意义

表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合用，含被动之义，其意义相当于该名词相应动词的被动形式，名词前一般不用冠词。

1.“under +名词”结构，表示“某事在进行中”。常见的有：under control（受控制）, under treatment（在治疗中）, under repair（在修理中）, under discussion（在讨论中）, under construction（在施工中）。

The building is under construction(is being constructed).2.“beyond+名词”结构，“出乎……胜过……、范围、限度”。常见的有：beyond belief(令人难以置信)，beyond one’s reach（鞭长莫及），beyond one’s control（无法控制），beyond our hope． 我们的成功始料不及。

The rumour is beyond belief（=can’t be believed）．

3.“above+名词”结构, 表示“(品质、行为、能力等)超过……、高于……”。

His honest character is above all praise．=His honest character cannot be praised enough．

4.“for+名 词”结构，表示 “适于……、为着……”。如：for sale(出售), for rent（出租）等。

That house is for sale.(= That house is to be sold).5.“in+名词”结构，表示“在……过程中或范围内”常见的有：in print（在印刷中），in sight(在视野范围内)，等。

The book is not yet in print．(=is not yet printed)（）1．The Olympic Games ___________every four years.A are held

B were held

C．are holding

D．will ho1d（）2.In the art show，a lot of enjoyment _

_to foreign friends by the Chinese paintings．

A． is giving

B is given

C will give

D has given（）3.Today Chinese is becoming more and more popular.It _________in.many schools around the world.A.teaches

B.is teaching

C.has taught

D.is taught（）4.Ba Jin, one of the greatest writers in China, ________as “People's Writer”.A.is regarded

B.has regarded

C.is regarding

D.regards（）5.Usually computers _________to search the Internet.A.use

B.are using

C.are used

D.used（）6.--Do you often clean your classroom?

--Yes.Our classroom __________every day.A.clean

B.cleans

C.is cleaned（）7.一Did you hear that water in Tai Lake smelt terrible?

一Yes．In fact，it ____.That's all because of the people and the factories around．

A． polluted

B was polluted

C has polluted

D．was po11ute（）8.--Our environment is getting worse than before.--You're right.But thanks to Earth Day_______, people have done more and more useful things to protect(保护)the earth since Earth Day.A.is started

B.was started

C.has started（）9.---I feel very happy that I ____to be the host.---Congratulations!A.choose

B.am chosen

C.was chosen

D.haven chosen（）10.Many trees and flowers ______ in our school last year，and they made our school a beautiful garden．

A．plant

B．planted

C．have planted

D．were planted（）11.Some famous paintings __________in the hall next week.A.will show

B.were shown

C.is shown

D.will be shown（）12.A talk on developments in science and technology

in the school hall next week.A.given

B.will be given

C.has been given

D.gives（）13.---Great changes have taken place in this city.---Right.Many modern tall buildings have been ______ these days.A.turned up B.put up

C.shown up

D.fixed up（）14.Twelve-year-olds should not

to drive in China.A.allow

B.be allow

C.allowed

D.be allowed（）15.—Do you often clean your classroom?

—Yes, our classroom ______ every day.A.clean B.cleans C.is cleaned D.Cleaned 课后练习

（）1．—Susan, why are you still here? They are all ready to start.–I’m sorry, but I _____ when to meet.A.don’t tell

B.didn’t tell

C.haven’t told

D.wasn’t told

（）2．Many old houses around our school ____ next year and a large green area will appear.A.pull down

B.will be pulled down C.will pull down D.are pulled down（）3．---My watch ______.---Don’t worry.Let’s go to the Lost & Found.A.is lost

B.is broken

C.has found

D.has stopped（）4．---Did you go to Sam’s weekend party?

---No, I___________.A.am not invited

B.wasn’t invited

C.haven’t invited

D.didn’t invite（）5．--How often ______ your school sports meeting ______?--Once a year.A.does;hold

B.was;hold

C.is;held

D.did;hold（）6．On May 30th, , one bowl in the Ming dynasty(明朝)_______ at the price of 30.36 million Hong Kong dollars.A.sell

B.sold

C.is sold

D.was sold

（）7．The “Thousand-hand Guanyin” ____ by many people as the best performance at CCTV's Spring Festival Evening.A.has been regarded

B.are regarded

C.has regarded

D.regards（）8．—Those eggs of different colors are very beautiful.—Yes, they ______ in Hangzhou.A.painted

B.were painting

C.were painted

D.had painted（）9．---Don’t litter the ground, boy ,Look at the sign:: “Rubbish

into the dustbin.”

---Sorry.A, has throw

B, was throw

C, must throw

D, must be thrown（）10．The 29th 0lympic Games __in Beijing in 2008． A．will hold

B will be held

C．hold（）11.The girl was often heard

happily in her room.A.sing

B.to sing

C.singing

D.sings（）12.It is reported that more new teaching buildings _________ in our school in the next term.A.will be built

B.was built

C.has built

D.will build（）13.It is reported that more new teaching buildings _________ in our school in the next term.A.will be built

B.was built

C.has built

D.will build（）14.The sick boy _________ to hospital by the police yesterday.A.is taken

B.was taken

C.takes

D.took（）15.--It’s difficult for the village children to cross the river for school.--I think a bridge _________ over the river.A.was built

B.is being built

C.has been built

D.should be built（）16.--David, turn off the TV________ no one is watching it.--But it ________ off already!The music is from the radio.A.so that, has been turned

B.when, has turned

C.if, has been turned

D.because, has turned（）17.Usually John

to school in his father’s beautiful car.A.has taken

B.is taking

C.is taken

D.has been taken（）18.Don’t put off today’s work for tomorrow.I mean, today’s work _________ today.A.may do

B.must do

C.may be done

D.must be done（）19.--Look, what an old palace!It looks so great!--Yeah, it ________ nearly 800 years ago.A.was building

B.was built C.has built D.is built（）20.Don’t discuss the problems with your partner unless you _________ to do so.A.ask

B.are asked

C.will ask

D.will be asked 把下列句子改写成被动语态

1.They make machines in that factory.__________________________________ 2.Every body likes this song.__________________________________ 3.He doesn't show the stamps to me.__________________________________ 4.People don't grow rice in the west of Japan._____________________________ 5.He often helps Tom when Tom is in trouble._______________________________ 6.Do the workers build many buildings? __________________________________ 7.Does Kate sometimes break glasses? __________________________________

8.Do you always send a letter to Mr Hu? __________________________________ 9.What does the teacher often tell the boys to do? _________________________

10.How many desks do they buy every term? __________________________________ 将下列句子变为被动语态，每空一词

1.We can finish the work in two days.→ The work __________ _________ __________ in two days.2.They produce silk in Suzhou.→ Silk _________ ________ in Suzhou.3.The children will sing an English song.→ An English song ________ __________ ________ by the children.4.You needn't do it now.→It ________ __________ _________ by you now.5.Lucy sent me a New Year Card last week.→A New Year Card ________ ________ ________ her by me last week.6.Peole use metal for making machines.→ Metal ________ _________ for making machines.7.He made me do that for him.→I ________ _________ _________ that for him.8.I have given this book to the library.→ This book _______ _________ ________ to the library.9.Did they build a bridge here a year ago? →________ a bridge ________ here by them a year ago?

10.We'll put on an English play in our school.→ An English play ________ _______ _______ on in our school.11.More and more farmers buy colour TV sets.→Colour TV sets ________ ______ ______ more and more farmers.12.My brother often mends his watch.→ His watch _________ _________ _________ by my brother.13.We must water the flowers every day.→The flowers must ________ ________(by us)every day.14.They use knives for cutting things.→ Knives ________ _______ for cutting things.15.He made the farmers work for a long time.→The farmers ________ _______ _______ ______ for a long time.16.Did he break the window yesterday? →_________ the window _______ _______ ________ yesterday? 17.They have sold out the light green dresses.→ The light green dresses ________ _______ ______ out.18.We clean the classroom every day.→The classroom _________ ________ every day.19.You must not plant trees in very dry earth.→ Trees ______ ______ _______ ______ in very dry earth.20.You can dig a hole in the earth.→A Hole _________ _________ __________

in the earth.用动词的正确语态填空

1.The students ____________ often ____________(tell)to take care of their desks and chairs.2.That play _______________(put)on again sometime next month.3.The old man is ill.He ______________(must send)to the hospital.4.Vegetables, eggs and fruits_________(sell)in this shop.5.---What __________ a knife ____________(make)of?---It _______________(make)of metal and wood.6.A Piano concert _____________(give)here last Friday.7.____________ the magazine ____________(can take)out of the library? 8.The room _____________(clean)by me every day.9.The stars _____________(can see)in the daytime.10.Some flowers __________(water)by Li Ming already.11.These kinds of machines __________(make)in Japan.12.Apples _________ ________(grow)in this farm.13.Russian ___________ _______________(learn)as the second language by some students in China.14.Planes, cars and trains _____________ ____________(use)by business people for travelling.15.The cinema ______________ ____________(build)in 1985.16.The bike ___________ ____________ ___________ ____________(must not put)here.17.A beautiful horse ____________ ____________ ___________(draw)by John next day.18.This kind of machine _______________ _____________(can made)by uncle Wang.19.Mr.Green ____________ ____________(open)two new school.20.The PLA ____________ ____________(found)on August 1st,1927.